miR-21 targets and inhibits tumor suppressor gene PTEN to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion: An experimental study

OBJECTIVE@#To study whether miR-21 targets and inhibits tumor suppressor gene PTEN can promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion.@*METHODS@#Prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 were cultured and divided into negative control group (NC group), miR-21 group, pcDNA3.1 group, miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group and miR-21+PTEN group that were transfected with different miR and plasmid, respectively. After 12 h and 24 h of transfection, the cell viability and invasive cell number were determined; after 24 h of transfection, Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2, MMP9, PTEN, PI3K, and AKT expression in cells were determined.@*RESULTS@#After 12 h and 24 h of transfection, OD value and invasive cell number of miR-21 group were significantly higher than those of NC group; after 24 h of transfection, Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2, MMP9, PI3K and AKT expression levels were significantly higher than those of NC group while PTEN expression level was significantly lower than that of NC group; after 12 h and 24 h of transfection, OD value and invasive cell number of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group were significantly higher than those of pcDNA3.1 group, and the OD value and invasive cell number of miR-21+PTEN group were significantly lower than those of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group; after 24 h of transfection, Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2 and MMP9 content of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group were significantly higher than those of pcDNA3.1 group, and Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2 and MMP9 content of miR-21+PTEN group were significantly lower than those of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#miR-21 can target and inhibit tumor suppressor gene PTEN expression to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion.

Matrine inhibits bladder cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: An experimental study

OBJECTIVE@#To study the inhibitory effect of matrine on bladder cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.@*METHODS@#Human T24 bladder cancer cell lines were cultured and treated with different doses of matrine (0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL and 1.0 mg/mL) as well as 20 μmol/L PI3K inhibitor LY294002 for 24 h, and the cell proliferation activity, the number of invasive cells as well as the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, proliferation genes and invasion genes were determined.@*RESULTS@#Different doses of matrine could decrease the cell viability value, the number of invasive cells as well as the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, MMP2 and MMP9, and increase the expression of p16, p21 and p27 in dose-dependent manner; p16, p21 and p27 expression in cells of 20 μmol/L LY29002 group were significantly higher than those of 0 μmol/L LY29002 group while MMP2 and MMP9 expression were significantly lower than those of 0 μmol/L LY29002 group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Matrine can inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and regulate the expression of cell cycle-inhibiting molecules and invasion-related genes through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

miR-21 targets and inhibits tumor suppressor gene PTEN to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion: An experimental study

Objective To study whether miR-21 targets and inhibits tumor suppressor gene PTEN can promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Methods Prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 were cultured and divided into negative control group (NC group), miR-21 group, pcDNA3.1 group, miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group and miR-21+PTEN group that were transfected with different miR and plasmid, respectively. After 12 h and 24 h of transfection, the cell viability and invasive cell number were determined; after 24 h of transfection, Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2, MMP9, PTEN, PI3K, and AKT expression in cells were determined. Results After 12 h and 24 h of transfection, OD value and invasive cell number of miR-21 group were significantly higher than those of NC group; after 24 h of transfection, Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2, MMP9, PI3K and AKT expression levels were significantly higher than those of NC group while PTEN expression level was significantly lower than that of NC group; after 12 h and 24 h of transfection, OD value and invasive cell number of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group were significantly higher than those of pcDNA3.1 group, and the OD value and invasive cell number of miR-21+PTEN group were significantly lower than those of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group; after 24 h of transfection, Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2 and MMP9 content of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group were significantly higher than those of pcDNA3.1 group, and Bcl-2, Survivin, MMP2 and MMP9 content of miR-21+PTEN group were significantly lower than those of miR-21+pcDNA3.1 group. Conclusions miR-21 can target and inhibit tumor suppressor gene PTEN expression to promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion.

Matrine inhibits bladder cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: An experimental study

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of matrine on bladder cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Methods Human T24 bladder cancer cell lines were cultured and treated with different doses of matrine (0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL and 1.0 mg/mL) as well as 20 μmol/L PI3K inhibitor LY294002 for 24 h, and the cell proliferation activity, the number of invasive cells as well as the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, proliferation genes and invasion genes were determined. Results Different doses of matrine could decrease the cell viability value, the number of invasive cells as well as the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, MMP2 and MMP9, and increase the expression of p16, p21 and p27 in dose-dependent manner; p16, p21 and p27 expression in cells of 20 μmol/L LY29002 group were significantly higher than those of 0 μmol/L LY29002 group while MMP2 and MMP9 expression were significantly lower than those of 0 μmol/L LY29002 group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Matrine can inhibit bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and regulate the expression of cell cycle-inhibiting molecules and invasion-related genes through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Extracorpreal shockwave lithotripsy in treatment of bilateral ureteral calculi with renal colic during emergency / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for bilateral ureteral stones with renal colic in emergency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 86 patients suffered with sudden renal colic due to bilateral ureteral stones and treated with ESWL between January 2005 and January 2009.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The success rate was 74.4% after a single ESWL session, and the overall success rate was 82.6%. Significant difference in stone length was observed between successful group and failed group (P<0.01). The stone position did not produce significant impact on the outcome of the treatment (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ESWL is an effective treatment modality in emergency for small-length and short-term obstruction bilateral ureteral stones with remal colic.</p>

Three minimally invasive approaches for treatment of ureteral calculi: a comparative analysis of 326 cases / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the therapeutic effect of 3 minimally invasive approaches for ureteral calculi removal and analyze their respective advantages and limitations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted in 326 patients receiving extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL) or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) for ureteral calculi. The clinical data including the stone-free rate and complications were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The stone free rate was 78.5% (146/186), 91.2 (93/102) and 100% (38/38) in the 3 groups, respectively. According to the stone size, the ESWL group were divided into 3 groups with stone sizes of 0.5-1.0 cm, 1.0-2.0 cm and beyond 2.0 cm, and the stone-free rates were 90.8% (89/98), 69.3% (52/75), and 30.8% (5/13), respectively, showing significant difference between them (P<0.01). In URL group, surgical failure occurred in 9 cases, including 3 cases with difficult entry of the ureter, 5 with stone displacement to the kidneys, and 1 with residual stones over 4 mm. In PCNL group, the percutaneous renal access was successfully established and immediate phase I lithotripsy was performed in all the patients without severe complications recorded during nephrolithotripsy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ESWL is the best option for cases with stone smaller than 10 mm. URL suits most of ureteral calculus cases, but successful entrance of the ureteroscope is a prerequisite and retrograde stone displacement is the primary reason for surgical failure. PCNL is effective in the management of complex upper ureteral stones, especially in cases of failed ESWL or ureteroscopy.</p>

Factors affecting the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the factors affecting the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for upper urinary tract stones.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2003 and January 2006, 366 patients with upper urinary tract stone underwent ESWL, and the results were identified by regular KUB/IVU or ultrasonography and evaluated 3 months after the treatment. The treatment success was defined as complete clearance of the stones without residual fragments. The stone-free rate was analyzed in relation to the stone features and the patients' clinical characteristics, and the factors identified to significant affect the results were further analyzed using multivariate regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three months after the treatment, the overall stone-free (success) rate was 63.4% (232/366) in these patients. Chi square test and t test identified the disease course, stone length and width as the factors with significant impact on the stone-free rate. Multivariate analysis excluded the disease course and stone width from the logistic regression model, and identified the stone length as the independent factor affecting the outcome of ESWL.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The stone length is an independent factor influencing the efficacy of ESWL for upper urinary tract stones.</p>

Analysis of the outcome of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal calculia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the factors affecting the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for renal calculi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January, 2004 and January, 2007, 316 patients (212 men and 104 women) with renal stone underwent ESWL. The correlations of the patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), disease course, pain, hematuria, stone size, location, side, number and hydronephrosis to the outcome of the treatment was analyzed. The treatment success was defined as complete clearance of the stones or residual stone fragments <0.4 cm, and ESWL was considered unsuccessful with residual stones>0.4 cm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall success rate was 75.3% (238/316) in these patients. Significant difference in stone clearance rates was observed in patients with stone size of 0.5-1.0 cm (90.3%, 167/185), 1.0-2.0 cma(69.6%, 55/79), and >2.0 cm (30.8%, 16/52) (P<0.05). The success rates differed significantly between cases of pelvic stones (83.1%, 118/142) and those of caliceal stones (69.0%, 120/174) (P<0.05). But in cases of caliceal stones, the success rates were comparable between cases with stones at the upper calyx (71.7%, 43/60), middle calyx (68.9%, 31/45), and lower calix (66.7%, 46/69) (P>0.05). Patients with single stones had significantly higher success rate (82.9%,170/205) than those with multiple stones (61.3%, 68/111) (P<0.05). The patients' gender, age, disease course, pain, hematuria, stone side and hydronephrosis did not produce significant impact on the outcome of the treatment (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Stone size, location and quantity are significant independent factors affecting the outcome of ESWL for renal stones.</p>