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Objective:To summarize the clinical features, viral load changes, and outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection in mother-infant dyads during lactation period.Methods:A total of 24 pairs of lactating mothers and infants under one year old who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and hospitalized in Lingang Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from April 8 to May 30, 2022, were selected as the lactation group in this retrospective study. Another 24 non-lactating mothers, with children of one to three years old, who matched with those mothers in the lactation group in clinical classification and admission date were selected as the control group. Vaccination status, clinical symptoms, daily cycle threshold (Ct) of open reading frame 1ab ( ORF1ab) gene and nucleocapsid protein ( N) gene, and the duration of positive nucleic acid test were compared between the groups and were analyzed using two independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance, LSD test, and Chi-square test. Results:Among the 24 infants in the lactation group with an age of (6.5±2.1) months, 23 cases were mild type, one was common, and none had been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The maternal age of the lactation and the control group did not differ statistically [(28.7±6.4) vs (28.2±5.2) years, t=0.30, P=0.768]. Mothers with mild type accounted for 88% (21/24) and those with common for 12% (3/24) in both groups of mothers. Three mothers received one dose of vaccine and two received two in the lactation group, while three received one dose and three received two in the control group [21%(5/24) vs 25%(6/24), χ 2=0.12, P=0.731]. The most common symptoms of lactating infants were fever (100%, 24/24) , followed by diarrhea (58%, 14/24) , cough (50%, 12/24), and wheeze (29%, 7/24), those of the lactating mothers were fever (75%, 18/24) , cough (75%, 18/24) , and sore throat (63%, 15/24) , while those of non-lactating mothers were cough (88%, 21/24) , sore throat (71%, 17/24), and fever (58%, 14/24). The duration of positive nucleic acid test was the shortest in the lactating infants [(9.2±2.1) d (5-14 d)], followed by mothers in the control group [(11.2±2.4) d (6-16 d)] and mothers in the lactation group [(14.0±4.2) d (8-26 d)] (LSD test, all P<0.05). Each day from day 2 to 9 after diagnosis, Ct values of nucleic acid of infants in the lactation group were all higher than those of mothers in both the lactation and control groups (LSD test, all P<0.05). On day 10, Ct value of nucleic acid infants was higher than that in mothers in the lactation group ( ORF1ab gene: 37.91±4.34 vs 32.79±5.47; N gene: 37.95±4.58 vs 32.66±5.77), which was lower than those in mothers in the control group ( ORF1ab gene: 32.79±5.47 vs 35.90±4.17; N gene: 32.66±5.77 vs 36.08±4.16) (LSD test, all P<0.05). On day 11, the nucleic acid Ct values of mothers in the lactation group were all lower than those in the control group ( ORF1ab gene: 35.03±3.74 vs 37.84±3.26, t=－2.78, P=0.008; N gene: 35.30±3.75 vs 38.11±2.90, t=－2.90, P=0.006). On day 12, Ct value of ORF1ab gene and N gene in mothers in the lactation group were similar to those in mothers in the control group (both P>0.05). Conclusions:The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination rate of mothers and infants were low during lactation. Lactating infants infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant have low virus load and may have a quick recovery, while for the lactating mothers, the virus load is high and the recovery is slow.
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Objective@#To analyze the school adaptation and behavioral performance of the first batch of students who return to school during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to provide a theoretical basis for further development of corresponding intervention measures.@*Methods@#The method of cluster sampling was adopted to conduct anonymous questionnaire survey on the first batch of college students who have returned to a certain university. The survey contents included the basic information of the students, the adaptability of the school after returning to school and the corresponding behavior performance.@*Results@#Male students reported high lever of satisfaction than female students on the dormitory environment health (t=10.28, P<0.01), but low satisfaction on school security and logistical support (t=2.26, P=0.02), rural students marked higher score than urban students for the school closed management system (t=2.82, P=0.01), in terns of school security, Logistics, the degree of school s attention to the epidemic prevention and epidemic prevention, non only-child gave high score than the only children; In terms of their own behavior, the rate of seek medical treatment immediately when they develop COVID-19 related symptoms (68.1%) was lower than that of others (81.3%)(χ 2=223.88，P<0.01)；In addition, the percentage of respondents who chose to report COVID-19 related symptoms (79.5%) was lower than that of others (88.7%)(χ 2=97.49，P<0.01). A total of 2 671 college students (98.9%) were able to wear masks every day and 2 457 (90.9%) chose to improve their diet to improve their immunity.@*Conclusion@#The first batch of college students who return to school have a high level of satisfaction on school management, and can take active measures to adapt to the life back to school and commit self-protection, however targeted measures to are still needed further strengthen students health education.
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@#To investigate the material basis and mechanism of Liupao tea on preventing COVID-19 by network pharmacology and molecular docking.The active ingredients and targets of Liupao tea were searched through the literature and the TCMSP databases and the network between the two was built by Cytoscape 3.7.1.Then using GenCards platform to predict the disease targets,mapping the common targets between Liupao tea and disease.The common targets were imported into the STRING database for exploring the protein-protein interaction.Core targets were enriched by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway enrichment analysis using DAVID database etc..Finally,the screened active components were docked with the receptor protein SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase (Mpro).Six active ingredients of Liupao tea were screened,such as (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG),(+)-catechin,(-)-catechin gallate,α-spinasterol,pelargonidin chloride and squalene,and 156 targets were identified.Among them,there were 112 common targets and 38 core targets with COVID-19.GO enrichment analysis (P<0.01) involved lipopolysaccharide,cell response to hypoxia,etc..And the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis (P<0.01)was conducted to obtain the HIF-1,IL-17,T cell receptor and other signaling pathways associated with COVID-19.The results of molecular docking showed that the active ingredients of Liupao tea were well bound to the receptor protein Mpro.The active ingredients of Liupao tea may control HIF-1,IL-17,T cell receptors signaling pathways by binding Mpro hydrolase and acting on inflammation and immune related targets such as MAPK1,TNF to prevent COVID-19.The EGCG of Mpro activity was determined ,and the IC50 was 3.4 μmol/L,which confirmed that EGCG was a certain inhibition effect on Mpro.
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OBJECTIVE： To prepare pogostone transfersomes， and to evaluate its quality. METHODS： Film dispersion method was used to prepare pogostone transfersomes. Using the accumulative penetration volume （Qn） and accumulative penetration ratio （PR） of pogostone as evaluation indexes， the types of surfactant， formulation were screened in respects of the dosage of surfactant and the dosage of pogostone. The pogostone transfersomes were prepared with optimal formulation； the morphology， particle size distribution and Zeta potential were observed and the entrapment efficiency was measured. RESULTS： The optimal formulation was as follows as the sodium cholate was selected as surfactant； the dosage of sodium cholate was 0.25 g； the dosage of pogostone was 15 mg. The optimal pogostone transfersomes were ivory-white suspension； average particle size was （115.6±3.65） nm （RSD＝3.20％，n＝3）； PDI was 0.185±0.008 （RSD＝4.30％， n＝3）； Zeta potential was （－13.76±0.225） mV （RSD＝1.70％，n＝3）； entrapment efficiency of pogostone was （46.01±0.40）％ （RSD＝0.87％，n＝3）； Qn was （378.76±0.61） μg/cm2 （RSD＝0.20％，n＝3）； PR was （89.02±0.96）％ （RSD＝1.10％，n＝3）. CONCLUSIONS： Prepared pogostone transfersomes are in line with quality requirements， which can provide reference for the further study of new dosage form of pogostone.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and nursing intervention in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy. Methods One hundred patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were included, surgical history, general anesthetics way, education, family factors(alone), body mass index, age, duration of anesthesia, dose of sufentanyl, hematocrit, the time for regaining orientation, dysphoria, postoperative pain degree were recorded. The occurrence of POCD was observed at 7 days (early period) and 3 months (later period) after surgery. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk factors for POCD at early period and later period. Results The incidence of POCD at early period was 29.0%(29/100). Logistic regression analysis of surgical history, general anesthetics way, body mass index, age, hematocrit, the time for regaining orientation, postoperative pain degree in patients, general anesthetics way (OR=2.821, 95%CI 1.099-7.240) and postoperative pain degree(OR=2.292, 95%CI 1.129-4.654) were the significant risk factors for POCD at early period. The incidence of POCD at later period was 7.0%(7/100). Logistic regression analysis of education and family factors(alone) in patients, family factors(alone) was the significant risk factor for POCD at later period (OR=5.517, 95%CI 1.010-30.126). Conclusions General anesthetics way and postoperative pain degree are the significant predictors for POCD in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy during hospitalization, and family factors(alone) is the risk factor for POCD at 3 months after surgery, and active nursing intervention could reduce the occurrence of POCD.
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PHA granule binding protein phasin (PhaP) has a high affinity for hydrophobic materials and can bind to hydrophobic polymers via strong hydrophobic interaction. In this study, an EGFR-targeting peptide (ETP) was fused with PhaP and the fusion protein ETP-PhaP was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) (pPI-ETP-P) and then purified by Ni affinity purification. The tumor targeting PHBHHx nanoparticles were developed based on PhaP mediated ETP immobilization and the cellular uptake of the ETP-PhaP modified PHBHHx NPs and none modified PHBHHx NPs by cervical cancer cell lines SiHa (EGFR over expressed) and CaSKi (EGFR low expressed) were analyzed. The purified ETP-PhaP could be adsorbed onto the hydrophobic surface of PHBHHx NPs. The ETP-PhaP modified PHBHHx NPs could target to EGFR over expressed cervical cancer cells SiHa more efficiently than to the EGFR low expressed CaSKi cells. These results demonstrated the advantage in effectiveness and convenience of PhaP mediated ETP adsorption on PHBHHx nanoparticles, providing a novel strategy for hydrophobic nanocarrier surface modification.
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Objective To overcome the fact that SRV-NM virus can only multiple and amplify through partially pu-rified jaagsiekte retrovirus inoculated intratracheally in sheep but it cannot be augmented using in vitro cell culture, we con-structed JSRV-NM pseudovirions based on high efficiency packing system of lentivirus. Methods Lentivirus of three high efficiency packing plasmids system pMD.G, pCMV-HIV 8.2 and pHIV-eGFP was developed, and JSRV-NM-env coated plasmid pCMVJSRV-NM was used to substitute VSV-G virus coated plasmid pMD.G then co-transfected into 293T cells to replicate, package and produce restructured JSRV-NM pseudovirions. Gene expression of pseudovirion was determined through WPRE using real time PCR; Virus infectivity was detected through inoculating JSRV-NM pseudovirions into 24 pore plates. Results We construct JSRV-NM pseudovirions successfully based on the lentivirus system. JSRV-NM pseudo-virions can also be concentrated to higher titer (108 TU/mL detected by real time PCR by ultracentrifugation without signifi-cant loss of activity. JSRV-NM and VSV-G pseudovirions infected on Hela cells (both MOI= 3) respectively and no obvi-ous difference were shown on their infection efficiency detected by real time PCR. Conclusion Based on lentivirus system, JSRV-NM pseudovirions can be multipled and amplified in 293T cell culture in vitro. JSRV-NM pseudovirions is stable without loss its infection activity and the requirements of biological laboratory safety II was also met. JSRV-NM pseudoviri-ons will provide a useful tool for further study of JSRV-NM-env infection across species or its induction of lung adenocarci-noma.
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Objective To investigate the apoptosis induced by adenovirus mediated PML growth suppressor in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells. Methods Human full-length PML cDNA was cloned into shuttle plasmid pSGCMV, the constructed plasmid containing PML gene was co-transfected into 293 cells together with backbone plasmid pPE3 to obtain recombinant adenovirus Ad-pml. Ad-pml was used to infect SGC-7901 cells. The expression of p53 and bcl-2 in SGC-7901 cells and qualitative, quantitative index of cell apoptosis were detected with MTT, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical method. Results The growth of SGC-7901 cells was inhibited and the apoptosis rate was increased by adenovirus mediated PML in a MOI- dependent manner. The expression of p53 protein was increased and that of bcl-2 protein was unchanged in SGC-7901 cells after treated with adenovirus mediated PML. Conclusions Adenovirus mediated PML exerts its cytotoxic effect on SGC-7901 cells by inducing apoptosis. The increase of p53 protein expression is the mechanism inducing gastric cancer cell apoptosis.
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Objective To explore the levels of?-radiation emitted from ceramic floor boards saled in Tangshan.Methods The levels of?-radiation emitted from common ceramic floor boards,polished surface-ceramic floor board s and granular surfac-ceramic floor boards manufactured in A,B and C different provinces were determined.All sam ple s were collected from the build ing ma te rial markets in Tangshan.Results The levels of?-radiation emitted from ceram-ic floor boards were91.1,76.8,75.1nGy /h for those manufactured in A,B and C province respectively,and92.7,88.9,78.0nGy /h for granular sur face-ceramic floor boards,polished surface-ceramic floor boards and com mon ceramic floor boards respec tively.Con clu sion For the consumers,the first selection of the common ceramic floor boards to dec-orate the floor was recommended.
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Aim To study the mechanism of curcumin induced U251 cell apoptosis. Methods U251 cells were treated with 20～100?mol?L~ -1 curcumin for 24 h and the growth inhibition rates of U251 cells were measured with MTT method. MTT method was used to measure the caspase inhibitors effect on curcumin too. Cell apoptosis was inspected with flow cytometry (FCM) and observed using electron microscope. The protein levels of FAK in U251 cells were observed by SP immunocytochemistry. The activity of caspase-3 was measured by spectrofluorometry. Results Curcumin inhibited the proliferation of U251 cells,induced apoptosis of U251 cells. At the same time the protein levels of FAK in U251 cells decreased and the activity of caspase-3 increased significantly. The apoptosis of U251 cells was partially reversed by caspase inhibitors. Conclusion Curcumin induced apoptosis via inhibition of expression of FAK and activation of caspase-3.