ABSTRACT
Expanded standard donor liver is an important source of liver donors for liver transplantation. Because expanded standard donor liver is more likely to cause ischemia-reperfusion injury and is inferior in quality to standard donor liver, machine perfusion is more suitable for the preservation of expanded standard donor liver than cold preservation. Subnormothermic machine perfusion can not only avoid the impact of cold injury on donor organs, but also effectively reduce ischemia reperfusion injury. This article will review the research progress of subnormothermic machine perfusion of the liver in order to provide a clinical reference.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of forkhead box protein A2(FOXA2) on cell proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma and the potential molecular mechanism.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020, 10 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma patients from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University were collected for study, including 7 males and 3 females, with an average age of 53 years. FOXA2 expression was detected in human liver cancer cell line, and the highest expression of FOXA2 was found in HepG2 cells transfected with FOXA2 overexpression plasmid. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of FOXA2. Western blot was used to detect the expression of FOXA2, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), B-cell lymphofactor-2 (Bcl-2), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 7, and glucose transporter (GLUT) 1. EdU assay was used to study cell proliferation, and Transwell chamber assay was used to study cell migration and invasion.Results:The relative expression of FOXA2 in liver cancer tissues were lower than those in adjacent tissues both at mRNA and protein levels, with statistical significance (both P<0.05). FOXA2 overexpression group showed lower cell proliferation rate (30.0±3.2)%, migration rate (10.6±1.1), and invasion rate (12.8±0.8) comparing with negative control group (67.0±3.6)%, (81.0±5.4), (74.8±4.5). The difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Expression of HIF-1α and its downstream targets VEGFA, MMP7, GLUT1 and Bcl-2 was decreased after over-expression of FOXA2 in HepG2 cells. Conclusion:FOXA2 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating HIF-1α signaling pathway, suggesting that FOXA2 is a potential target for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is an inevitable clinical phenomenon during the liver transplantation. The mechanism of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is complex, with reactive oxygen species, inflammatory factors, calcium overload, neutrophils and Kupffer cells involved. If injury continues to getting worsen, liver cells will undergo necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Interventions for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury mainly include ischemic preconditioning, drug pretreatment, chemical pretreatment, mild hypothermia pretreatment, and machine perfusion and gene-targeted therapy in recent years. With the indepth research of injury mechanism, new intervention methods continue to emerge, which will bring new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.