Saúde bucal da população carcerária: Levantamento epidemiológico

A saúde bucal de pessoas privadas de liberdade tem se apresentado de forma precária como resultado da negligência anteriormente a prisão, bem como pelos escassos seviços odontológicos prestados quando no ambiente prisional. Objetivo: Avaliar a condição bucal de perivados de liberdade, em uma penitenciária do estado do Pará, analisando a experiência de cárie dentária e perda dentária, o uso e a necessidade de reabilitação protética e a utilização de serviços odontológicos. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, através de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, de delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa. A amostra selecionada foi composta de 104 indivíduos. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi elaborado a partir do formulário utilizado na pesquisa nacional de saúde bucal-SB Brasil 2010, com adaptação para aplicação em população carcerária. Resultados: Analisando-se as características sociodemográficas e condenatórias, observou-se que na faixa etária compreendida entre 18 a 34 anos, 75,96% dos detentos encontram-se com o grau de escolaridade até o Ensino Fundamental. Com relação ao tempo de prisão, 50,0% encontram-se reclusos há mais de três anos. Quanto à utilização de serviços odontológicos, 75,0% não foram atendidos no próprio sistema prisional, 10,0% nunca foram ao dentista e 100% dos detentos nunca receberam orientação de saúde bucal. Referente ao motivo da consulta, 66,4% ocorreram com exodontia. Com relação ao uso de prótese, 92,31% não utilizam, embora 90,31%, ou seja, a grande maioria necessite. Ao que concerne à experiência de cárie por faixa etária resultou: 18 a 34 anos (CPO-D 4,04); 35 a 44 anos (CPO-D 7,58) e 45 ou mais (CPO-D 14,25), verificando-se que o componente perdido foi a mais prevalente em todas as faixas. O CPO-D total foi de 5,25. Conclusão: Apesar de diversos estudos comprovarem um declínio considerável na prevalência de cárie dentária e perdas de dentes na maioria da população brasileira, o estudo mostrou que a saúde bucal dos indivíduos privados de liberdade é de grande preocupação, principalmente se considerarmos o aumento do número dessa população nos últimos anos.

Uso de toxina botulínica tipo a para correção de assimetria facial: Relato de caso

Objetivo: A eficácia da toxina botulínica tipo A (BTX-A) no tratamento da hiperfunção muscular na região orofacial, para correção de assimetria. Métodos: Relato de caso clínico: Paciente TSB, 19 anos, leucoderma, procurou tratamento devido perceber que ao falar e ao sorrir seu nariz e sua boca iam mais para o lado esquerdo, algo que a incomodava muito e as vezes causava constrangimento, principalmente ao tirar fotos. Após avaliação cuidadosa, verificou-se que em repouso, a paciente aparentava normalidade, mas ao falar e ao sorrir havia um desvio visível de nariz e lábios para o lado esquerdo, que indicava a hiperfunção dos músculos: levantador de lábio superior e asa do nariz, nasal (parte transversa), levantador de lábio superior, zigomático maior e zigomático menor. Deste modo, optou-se pela utilização da toxina botulínica tipo A como tratamento para a hiperfunção deste grupo de músculos que provocava assimetria do sorriso e desvio de nariz para o lado esquerdo. Resultados: Após três dias de aplicação da toxina botulínica tipo A, observou-se uma diferença positiva em sua face e, após dez dias, o resultado foi satisfatório, deixando o sorriso simétrico e nariz sem desvio para o lado esquerdo. Conclusão: O uso da toxina botulínica tipo A é um tratamento eficaz, seguro, que apresenta sucesso em tratamentos de hiperfunção muscular que provocam assimetria facial.

Aspectos sistêmicos e odontológicos de portadores de paralisia cerebral

A paralisia Cerebral (PC) pode ser considerada um grupo de desordens do desenvolvimento do movimento e da postura, e é atribuída a distúrbios não progressivos que ocorreram no cérebro durante o período fetal e no bebê, resultando em dificuldades nas habilidades funcionais. Estes déficits funcionais, via de regra, provocam repercussões na qualidade da saúde bucal e na qualidade de vida destes pacientes. O presente artigo realiza uma revisão de literatura sobre os aspectos sistêmicos e odontológicos de indivíduos portadores de paralisia cerebral, enfatizando aspectos conceituais, epidemiológicos e clínicos, com a finalidade de transmitir conhecimento aos profissionais da saúde e com isso tentar melhorar atenção à saúde geral nesse grupo populacional. Entretanto concluiu-se que não basta transmitir conhecimento faz-se necessário também a implementação de políticas públicas que contemplem a promoção, prevenção e melhoria dos serviços especializados para esses pacientes, conjuntamente com ações interprofissionais da saúde que contribuam para a integralidade da assistência e aprimoramento dos serviços.

The influence of chemiotherapic agents and their accessories on oral manifestations of acute lymphoid leukemic children

Aim: To evaluate the influence of chemotherapy agents and their accessories on oral manifestations of children who have acute lymphoid leukemia. Material and Methods: After the stipulated period for the research, the total sample reached was of 68children. Nevertheless, only 46 children had continued for the second period. Children from 2 to 12 years of age who had been diagnosed with ALL ­ and would be submitted to treatment at Ophir Loyola Hospital, in Belém, State of Pará ­ had been included in the research. The first evaluation has been held before the chemotherapy treatment and had offered anamnesis and clinical exams. The second evaluation has been held in 10 to 15 days after the beginning of chemotherapy treatment and has offered a new clinical exam and annotations of the drugs which had been utilized during the chemotherapy. Results: From the drugs given at Ophir Loyola Hospital, it has been observed that 14 to 24mg (83%), vincristine 0,6mg to 1 g (80%), ARA-C 20mg to 1600mg (74%), cardioxane13mg to 340mg (65%), methotrexate 12mg to 2400mg (63%), cyclophosphamide 104mg to 1540mg (59%), asparaginase 50UI to 9600UI (57%) andmesna 75mg to 510mg (54%) have been used the most. No drug has presented statistic at 5% levelin Fisher exact test, when crossing with the presence of the main mouth manifestations: mucositis, xerostomia, toothache,and dysphagia. Conclusions: In the face of the results, it can be concluded that there has been no influence of the chemotherapy agents and their accessories in the oral manifestations of acute lymphoid leukemic children; nevertheless, these patients may present any kind of lesion on the mouth cavity during or after the beginning of chemotherapy. The dental surgeon needs to recognize the oral manifestations and intervene on the buccal health of the ALL patients, contributing and helping with his/her treatment.

Guided bone regeneration associated with L- PRF vertical bone gain: A case report

Every day have been increased the number of patients in the dental office looking for oral reabilitações, many of them being a challenge to the dentist surgeon. Currently, implants are installed on guided bone regeneration, the use of membranes, titanium threads and bone substitutes are key parts for correcting bone defects and to support the implant. Thereunto, the aim of this study was the description of a case addressing the methods and materials used for guided bone regeneration with the use of L-PRF for vertical bone gain. The patient showed the absence of the elements 22, 23 and 24, and a bony defect arc in this region. The installation of the implants, followed by guided bone regeneration support with a titanium mesh was indicated. The use of guided bone regeneration technique involving the mesh titanium implants, bone and lyophilized bovine L-PRF membrane showed a viable technique, the succeeding vertical bone gain until the implant platform.

Dermabrasion depigmentation for the treatment of gingival dyschromia caused by racial melanosis. A case report comparing two techniques

Aim: The aim of this paper is to describe a clinical case in which the patient's gingival melanin pigmentation was treated using diamond burs and scalpels. Case report: The present study describes a periodontal plastic surgery procedure to correct or improve the amount of gingival melanin pigmentation apparent on mandibular and maxillary arch of the patient. Conclusions: After the surgical procedure successfully performed, and considering the high degree of satisfaction of the patient, the author concluded that the studied technique is easy to perform and stands out because of the excellent results achieved.

Pediatric cancer: epidemiologic profile of attended children in a reference center in the state of Para

Aim: To describe the epidemiological findings of children diagnosed with cancer in a referral center. Material and Methods: Daily at Ophir Loyola Hospital visits were made - Belém / PA, in clinical pediatric oncology sector, from December 2013 to June 2014. The sample comprised 46 children 2-12 years, diagnosed with cancer, which was already or would begin anticancer treatment. A questionnaire containing questions about family, socioeconomic and environmental aspects was applied.. Results: The most frequent neoplasia LLA was followed by nephroblastoma, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and osteosarcoma. The genre most affected by childhood cancer was male. The age group with the predominant prevalence were children aged 8-12 years. By observing the religious belief that it was possible to detect most practiced Catholicism. The practice of sports is not part of the daily lives of these children. The origin of these families had dominated for deriving from the state. As the rating distribution of households according to the Economic Classification Criterion Brazil, the two classes were most frequently C2 and D. Conclusions: We sought, in this article, to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of children seen at a referral center in the state of Para. Research like this, identifying population groups at highest risk or with more unfavorable prognosis, provide health authorities and researchers in the area of cancer with an important instrument in the definition of health necessary for proper control and prevention of the disease.

The caries experience and dentistry following evaluation of children submitted to antineoplastic therapy

Aim: To evaluate the caries experience and the dentistry following of children submitted to antineoplastic therapy of a reference Hospital to this type of treatment in Para state, Brazil. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 46 children. It was included children in the ages of 2 to 12 years diagnosed with cancer that would be submitted to chemotherapy treatment. The evaluation was performed before the chemotherapy treatment and consisted of anamnesis and oral clinical examination. In order to decrease the interexaminer diagnosis variability and increase the data surveys confidentiality, a previous training and calibration was performed before the beginning of the examination. Results: There was a higher prevalence of childish cancer among male gender children. The age group more affected was between 8 to 12 years. There was a bigger percentage of patients that didn't go to the dentist before the chemotherapy treatment. The children caries experience was evaluated by the CPO-D and medium Ceo-d indexes, obtaining respectively the values of 4,75 and 0,47. Conclusions: The initial caries experience was high comparing to the international and Brazil average. Most of researched children didn't have a previous dentistry care before the beginning of antineoplastic therapy.

Estimate of age through the analysis of x-ray of third molar and hand and wrist: case reports

The Forensic Anthropology and Forensic Dentistry, in one of its branches, aim to base skills making possible to estimate the age period for an individual, through factors such as tooth mineralization and bone development. This paper aims to report on two cases from Scientific Expertise Center - Renato Chaves, Belém- PA, where two individuals after committing crime, were referred to under 18s without supporting documents. Through data collected in the archives of the Scientific Expertise Center, an analysis of the mineralization of the teeth were made, highlighting the third molars by panoramic radiography; as well as the study of bone development of the hands and wrists of individuals through radiographs. After, the analysis was compared to surveys conducted by Nicodemos, Moraes and Médici-Filho, befitting the chronology of mineralization of permanent teeth among Brazilian citizens together with the work of Greulich-Pyle, Radiographic correlation concerning the chronology of the development of the hand and wrist. As a result of the analysis, it was obtained, for case 01, an estimated age of 17; and for case 02 the estimated age was between 18-19 years.