Effects of HMGB1 on phenotypes, phagocytosis and ERK/JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathway in dendritic cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the impacts of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on the phenotypes, endocy-tosis and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/ Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)/P38 mitogen-ac-tivated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in indoxyl sulfate (IS) -induced dendritic cells (DCs). Methods After treatment with 30, 300 and 600 (xmol · L

Application of narrative pharmacy in cardiovascular pharmacy clinic / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of narrative pharmacy management on medication compliance， negative emotions， and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease complicated with negative emotions. METHODS A total of 49 patients with drug use problems and negative emotions attending the cardiovascular pharmacy clinic of Wuhan First Hospital from February to August 2023 were selected as the study objects， narrative pharmacy model was applied for patient management during their visits； pharmaceutical care and emotional management were performed after 2 weeks of treatment and a follow-up visit was conducted to evaluate and record the management effect one month later. RESULTS Adopting a narrative pharmacy management model， 49 patients were involved in 114 drug related consultation questions. Compared with the visit， after one month of management， the number of medication types taken by patients significantly decreased [4.00 （2.00， 6.00） vs. 3.00 （1.50， 5.00）， P＜0.05]， the incidence of adverse reactions significantly decreased （32.65% vs. 2.04%， P＜0.001）， the rate of blood pressure and lipid compliance significantly increased （30.61% vs. 95.92%， P＜0.001）， and the score of the patient’s medication compliance significantly improved （[ 3.94±2.44） vs. （6.78±2.07）， P＜0.01]. The depression score significantly decreased [3.00 （2.00， 4.50） vs. 2.00 （0.00， 3.00）， P＜0.001]， the anxiety score significantly reduced [3.00 （2.00， 4.50） vs. 1.00 （0.00， 2.00）， P＜0.001]， quality of life score was significantly improved [22.00 （19.00， 22.00） vs. 23.00 （23.00， 24.50）， P＜0.01]. In the satisfaction survey， there was a slight increase in the overall satisfaction proportion （91.84% vs. 97.96%， P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The application of narrative pharmacy in cardiovascular pharmacy clinic can improve patient compliance， reduce adverse drug reactions， enhance the effectiveness of drug treatment， avoid drug interactions， effectively improve the anxiety and depression， and ultimately improve the quality of life.

Effects of community building environment and sports with fitness APP usage on physical exercise habits in teachers in the Yangtze River Delta Region / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects of community building environment and sports with fitness APP usage and their interactions on teachers exercise habits in the Yangtze River Delta Region, so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of a sports and health promotion intervention program for teachers.@*Methods@#A total of 2 530 in service teachers from four provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, namely, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Anhui Province, were sampled in May-June 2023 by using convenient cluster random sampling method. Self designed questionnaire was used to collect the basic information of the surveyed teachers, Physical Activity Building Environment Evaluation Questionnaire and the Sports with Fitness APP Usage Questionnaire were used to measure the teachers subjective perception of the community building environment and the usage of sports with fitness APP, respectively. Physical Exercise Habituation Scale was used to assess the level of exercise habits. Logistic regression models were applied to analyze the effects of community building environment and sports with fitness APP usage on physical exercise, and the interaction effects were analyzed by using additive and multiplicative models.@*Results@#Among all the teachers surveyed, 658 of them reported good physical exercise habits (26.0%), and differences in the rate of physical activity habit formation by gender, age, years of teaching, as well as subject of teaching were statistically significant ( χ 2=42.94, 39.73, 35.47, 218.23 , P <0.05). Teachers with physical exercise habits had significantly higher community building environment scores and sports and fitness APP use than teachers without exercise habits ( t =12.17,16.54, P <0.05). Adjusting for the confounders of age, gender, years of teaching experience, and subjects taught, multifactorial unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of teachers having good physical exercise habits increased by 22% for every 1-point increase in the community building environment score on average ( OR =1.22, 95% CI =1.11-1.40), and the probability of teachers having good physical exercise habits increased by 16% for every 1-point increase in the sports with fitness APP score on average ( OR = 1.16 , 95% CI =1.03-1.31) ( P <0.05). Interaction analyses showed that there was an additive interaction between the effects of community building environment and sports and fitness APP use on teachers physical exercise habits after adjustment, and the 95% CI for RERI , API and SI were 1.17 -1.65, 0.12-0.46 and 1.78-3.33 ( P <0.05), respectively, and there was no multiplicative interaction ( P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#The community building environment and the usage of sports & fitness APP show impacts in the formation of teachers physical exercise habits in the Yangtze River Delta region, and there is an interaction effect. Enhancing the construction of smart sports centers around the community can provide a high quality external environment for the physical exercise habits formation.

Associations between lifestyle and comorbid anxiety and depression in pregnant women / 环境与职业医学

Background Anxiety and depression are common perinatal mental health issues that often occur together and can have serious negative effects on both maternal and infant health. Objective To examine the relationships between lifestyle factors and comorbid anxiety and depression (CAD) among pregnant women in Shanghai. Methods The study estimated the prevalence of CAD during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) based on data from the China National Birth Cohort (CNBC) embryonic-derived diseases with assisted reproductive technology (ART) sub-cohort. Information on demographics, sleep status, nutritional intake, and exercise during each trimester was collected through self-made questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Lifestyle factors (such as sleep status, nutritional intake, and exercise during each trimester) were analyzed using logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) to determine their impacts on the prevalence of CAD (yes or no) among pregnant women. Results A total of 2876 pregnant women were included in this study. The prevalence of CAD was 10.6% (305), 3.6% (103), and 5.5% (159) in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. The logistic regression analysis revealed that poor sleep quality throughout the entire pregnancy were statistically associated with an increased prevalence of CAD, and the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 2.817 (1.845, 4.301), 2.840 (1.855, 4.347), and 9.316 (5.835, 14.876) for the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, when compared to good sleep quality. Additionally, compared to an intake frequency of 7 times per week, the frequency of egg intake ≤3 times per week in the first trimester (OR=2.025, 95%CI: 1.197, 3.425) and the frequency of egg intake of 4–6 times per week (OR=1.896, 95%CI: 1.117, 3.216) or ≤3 times per week (OR=1.906, 95%CI: 1.082, 3.357) in the third trimester were associated with an increased risk of CAD (P<0.05). Moreover, when compared to a frequency of exercise >3 times per week, never or almost never exercising in the second trimester (OR=2.218, 95%CI: 1.220, 4.035) was associated with an increased risk of CAD (P<0.05). The GLMM analysis also demonstrated a significant association between poor sleep quality, lower exercise frequency, or lower intake frequency of vegetables, eggs, or milk and an increased risk of CAD (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of CAD among pregnant women in Shanghai follows a U-shaped distribution, with the highest rate occurring in early pregnancy and the lowest rate in mid-pregnancy. Factors such as poor sleep quality, inadequate intake of vegetables, eggs, or milk, and lack of exercise during pregnancy may increase the risk of CAD. Implementing lifestyle interventions during pregnancy could potentially reduce the risk of mental health problems and improve the overall health of both mothers and babies.

Clinical observation of tofacitinib combined with hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of tofacitinib combined with hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. METHODS From January 1， 2021 to January 1， 2022， 120 patients with refractory RA were selected as the study objects. According to the principle of random allocation， the patients were divided into group A， group B and group C， with 40 patients in each group. Group A was given Tofacitinib citrate tablet + Hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablet； group B was given Tofacitinib citrate tablet + Methotrexate tablet； group C was given Tofacitinib citrate tablet + Leflunomide tablet. Three groups were given relevant medicine for 6 months. Therapeutic efficacy and disease activity score 28 （DAS 28） of 3 groups as well as Sharp score， the levels of biochemical indicators [erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， C- reactive protein （CRP）]， immune indexes [rheumatoid factor （RF）， anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline （anti-CCP） antibody]， serum cytokine indicators [interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）] before and after treatment were observed； the occurrence of adverse drug reactions during treatment was recorded. RESULTS After treatment， the proportions of ACR50 and ACR70 patients in group A were significantly higher than groups B and C （P＜0.05）； DAS28 score， Sharp score， biochemical indicators， immune indexes and serum cytokine indicators of 3 groups were significantly lower than before treatment （P＜0.05）， and gradually decreased with prolonged treatment time； after 6 months of treatment， DAS28 score， Sharp score， RF， anti-CCP antibody， the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in group A were significantly lower than group B and C （P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of diarrhea， nausea and vomiting， leukopenia， rash， abnormal liver and kidney function， or dizziness among 3 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Tofacitinib combined with hydroxychloroquine shows good efficacy and safety for refractory RA.

Effects of inhibiting CAMKⅡ expression in ARPE-19 cells on the migration, invasion, and tube formation of HUVECs in a non-contact co-culture system / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effect of inhibiting Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CAMKⅡ)expression in adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)cells on the migration, invasion, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in a non-contact co-culture system.METHODS: RNA sequencing was performed on ARPE-19 cells overexpressing CAMKⅡ-δ, and bioinformatics was used to analyze the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes. Transwell inserts was used to construct a non-contact co-culture system of ARPE-19 and HUVECs. The experimental groups included: blank group: only HUVECs were inoculated without ARPE-19 cells; control group: ARPE-19 and HUVECs cells were co-cultured with complete medium; AIP group(CAMKⅡ inhibition group): ARPE-19 cells in AIP(160 nmol/L)were co-cultured with HUVECs in complete medium. The migration, invasion and tube formation abilities of HUVECs were detected. The protein expression levels of CAMKⅡ/AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:Bioinformatics analysis found that the differentially expressed genes could affect biological processes such as cell growth and death and cell movement. The scratch test and transwell migration test showed that the relative mobility of HUVECs in the AIP group was significantly lower than that in the control group(all P&#x003C;0.05). However, the invasion and tube formation assay showed that the relative invasion rate and tube formation rate of the AIP group were not significantly different from those of the control group(both P&#x003E;0.05). Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of CAMKⅡ, P-mTOR, and VEGFA proteins in the AIP group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the expression level of the P-AMPK protein was significantly higher than that in the control group(all P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION:In the non-contact co-culture system, inhibition of CAMKⅡ expression in ARPE-19 cells significantly reduced the migration ability of HUVECs, but it cannot change the invasion and tube formation ability, which may be achieved by AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA.

Construction of Chinese Herbal Medicine Traceability System Based on Influencing Factors of Chinese Herbal Medicine Quality / 中国实验方剂学杂志

As a Chinese saying goes， "good Chinese medicinal material makes good medicine"， the quality of Chinese herbal medicines is related to the development prospect of Chinese medicine industry in China. With the rapid development of new technologies such as traceability methods and monitoring instruments， it is imperative to integrate and innovate traditional Chinese herbal medicines with new-generation information technology in view of the quality problems existing in the current production and circulation of Chinese herbal medicines， and it is of great significance for the construction of traceability system to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese herbal medicines and to promote the industry of Chinese herbal medicines to move towards high-quality development. This paper reviews the development history of the traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines in China， takes the influencing factors of the quality of Chinese herbal medicines as the entry point， and proposes that the construction of the traceability system should satisfy the traceability requirements of the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines and their traditional medication experience. By analyzing the influencing factors of the quality of Chinese herbal medicines， it is pointed out that focusing on the influencing factors to build a traceability system is of great significance for targeting the problematic links at a later stage and exploring the interrelationship between environmental factors and the quality of Chinese herbal medicines. Based on the previous explorations， the author summarizes the system framework， functional modules and practical applications of the traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines， and looks forward to the development of a traceability system with risk early warning function and expert decision-making function in its functional development. Finally， based on the factors affecting the quality of Chinese herbal medicines， the author puts forward several thoughts on construction of the traceability system， and makes an in-depth analysis and puts forward a solution for the current situation that a unified， standardized and universal traceability system has not yet been built， with a view to providing ideas and references for the construction of traceability system of Chinese herbal medicines.

Association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and bullying behavior in children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The association between school bullying and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among students in primary schools and the moderating role of gender was explored to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of school bullying.@*Methods@#A total of 4 764 students from 2 primary schools in Wuhan were selected using the convenience sampling method in March 2023. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were used. A Pearson χ 2 test was used to compare differences in school bullying rates among children with and without ADHD symptoms. Pearson correlation analysis and Process 3.3 were used to analyse the association between ADHD symptoms, and school bullying behaviour and the moderating role of gender.@*Results@#The reported rate of bullying victims in primary schools was 24.2% and the rate of bullying perpetration was 3.8%. The rate of ADHD symptom detection among primary school students was 5.9%. ADHD symptoms were positively associated with bullying and bullying victim behaviour ( r =0.16, 0.27, P <0.01). Specifically, the association between ADHD symptoms and bullying behavior tended to be stronger among boys than girls ( β boy =0.17, t =11.13; β girl =0.07, t =4.11, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#ADHD symptoms are an important factor influencing school bullying behaviors in students, and gender moderates the association. In the process of preventing and controlling school bullying, ADHD symptoms and gender differences should be emphasized and comprehensive interventions should be implemented.

A Case Report of Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment of a Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and Multi-Organ Involvement / 罕见病研究

Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is a rare genetic disease that can lead to benign dysplasia in multiple organs such as the skin, brain, eyes, oral cavity, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and bones. Its main symptoms include epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, skin depigmentation, and facial angiofibromas, whilst incidence is approximately 1 in 10 000 to 1 in 6000 newborns. This case presents a middle-aged woman who initially manifested with epilepsy and nodular depigmentation. Later, she developed a lower abdominal mass, elevated creatinine, and severe anemia. Based on clinical features and whole exome sequencing, the primary diagnosis was confirmed as TSC. Laboratory and imaging examinations revealed that the lower abdominal mass originated from the uterus. CT-guided biopsy pathology and surgical pathology suggested a combination of leiomyoma and abscess. With the involvement of multiple organs and various complications beyond the main diagnosis, the diagnostic and therapeutic process for this patient highlights the importance of rigorous clinical thinking and multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of rare and challenging diseases.

Lung transplantation after paraquat poisoning in an adolescent: one case report and literature review / 器官移植

Objective To summarize the effect of the timing of lung transplantation and related treatment measures on clinical prognosis of patients with paraquat poisoning. Methods Clinical data of a patient with paraquat poisoning undergoing bilateral lung transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnosis and treatment of this patient were summarized and analyzed. Results A 17-year-old adolescent was admitted to hospital due to nausea, vomiting, cough and systemic fatigue after oral intake of 20-30 mL of 25% paraquat. After symptomatic support treatment, the oxygen saturation was not improved, and pulmonary fibrosis continued to progress. Therefore, sequential bilateral lung transplantation was performed under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). After postoperative rehabilitation and active prevention and treatment for postoperative complications, the patient was discharged at postoperative 50 d. Conclusions The timing of lung transplantation after paraquat poisoning may be selected when the liver and kidney function start to recover. Active and targeted prevention of potential pathogen infection in perioperative period and early rehabilitation training contribute to improving clinical prognosis of lung transplant recipients.

Comparison of short-term visual acuity and visual disturbance phenomena and spectacle independence after implantation of three different intraocular lenses / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the short-term postoperative visual acuity, visual disturbance phenomena, and spectacle independence rate in patients who underwent monocular implantation with trifocal, multifocal, or extended range of vision intraocular lens(IOL).METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 67 cataract patients(67 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification cataract extraction combined with IOL implantation from March 2019 to December 2022. A total of 35 cases(35 eyes)received Symfony extended range of vision IOL implantation, 21 cases(21 eyes)received AcrySof IQ ReSTOR +3D multifocal IOL, and 11 cases(11 eyes)received AcrySof IQ PanOptix trifocal IOL. The preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity(UIVA), and uncorrected near visual acuity(UNVA)and 3 mo postoperatively were documented. Moreover, defocus curves, visual disturbance phenomena, and spectacle independence rates were recorded at 3 mo postoperatively.RESULTS: At 3 mo postoperatively, no statistically significant differences were observed in UDVA among the three groups(P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05). A comparison of UIVA showed superior results in the Symfony and PanOptix groups compared to the ReSTOR group(all P&#x0026;#x003C;0.01). The UNVA of both the ReSTOR and PanOptix groups outperformed the Symfony group(all P&#x0026;#x003C;0.01). The defocus curves indicated that in the intermediate vision range(-1.00 to -1.50 D), the Symfony group exhibited better performance than the ReSTOR group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05); while in the near vision range(-2.50 to -3.50 D), the ReSTOR group was superior to the Symfony group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). The PanOptix group demonstrated superior visual acuity in the near vision range(-2.00 to -3.50 D)compared to the Symfony group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05)and was also superior in the intermediate vision range(-1.00 to -2.00 D)compared to the ReSTOR group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of glare or halo and binocular interference phenomena among the three groups(P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05). The PanOptix and ReSTOR groups exhibited a higher spectacle independence rate compared to the Symfony group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.0167).CONCLUSION: Compared to Symfony extended range of vision IOL and ReSTOR multifocal IOL, PanOptix trifocal IOL offers a balanced approach to distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity, without a high incidence of glare and halo, and with a higher spectacle independence rate. Caution is still advised when considering monocular implantation with presbyopia-correcting IOLs.

Investigation and study on pharmaceutical care ability of retail chain pharmacies and licensed pharmacists in Guangdong province / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for strengthening the quality of pharmaceutical care in retail chain pharmacies and the professional capabilities of licensed pharmacists， and to meet the public’s pharmaceutical care needs. METHODS A combination of questionnaire survey and informant interview was used to investigate the general information of licensed pharmacists in retail chain pharmacies in Guangdong province， the implementation of pharmaceutical care， the competence and knowledge status of the surveyed licensed pharmacists， and the factors affecting the development of pharmaceutical care. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 444 questionnaires were sent out and 326 effective questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 73.42%. Among 326 surveyed licensed pharmacists， a college degree or higher accounted for 40.18%， and the pharmacy major or related accounted for 79.75%. A total of 185 （56.75%） of the surveyed licensed pharmacists indicated that the retail chain pharmacies where they worked had established specified areas of pharmaceutical care； 320 （98.16%）， 137 （42.02%） and 181 （55.52%） of the surveyed licensed pharmacists indicated that the retail chain pharmacies where they worked could provide services such as rational medication guidance for patients， decocting traditional Chinese medicines and establishing health records， etc. The self-assessment scores of the surveyed licensed pharmacists were significantly higher than 3 （median） for competence and knowledge level， but the self-assessment scores for medication therapy management competence and pharmaceutical care practice were relatively low. The surveyed licensed pharmacists believed that the main factors affecting the development of pharmaceutical care in retail chain pharmacies included patients’ lack of trust or cooperation （196， 60.12%）， sales performance requirements （170， 52.15%）， and heavy daily workload （165， 50.61%）. It is recommended that relevant authorities expedite the legislative process of the Pharmacist Law， optimize the continuing education system for licensed pharmacists， and implement a star-rating evaluation system for pharmaceutical care capabilities in pharmacies， so as to encourage retail chain pharmacies and licensed pharmacists to pursue a more specialized development path. At the same time， pharmaceutical retail chain enterprises should shift their business mindset， increase investment in pharmaceutical care， enhance the professional atmosphere in the pharmacies， optimize the compensation structure for licensed pharmacists， and elevate the pharmaceutical care capabilities of both the pharmacies and licensed pharmacists to fulfill the pharmaceutical care needs of the public.

Trichostatin C attenuates TNFα-induced inflammation in endothelial cells by up-regulating Krüppel-like factor 2 / 药学学报

Krüppel-like transcription factor 2 (KLF2) plays a key regulatory role in endothelial inflammation, thrombosis, angiogenesis and macrophage inflammation and polarization, and up-regulation of KLF2 expression has the potential to prevent and treatment atherosclerosis. In this study, trichostatin C (TSC) was obtained from the secondary metabolites of rice fermentation of Streptomyces sp. CPCC 203909 as a KLF2 up-regulator by using a high throughput screening model based on a KLF2 promoter luciferase reporter assay. TSC significantly inhibited the adhesion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) induced monocytes (THP-1) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Western blot results showed that TSC decreased TNFα induced the protein expression increase of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and thereby inhibited endothelial inflammation. The results of histone deacetylase (HDAC) overexpression and molecular docking experiments showed that TSC upregulated the expression of KLF2 by inhibiting subtypes of HDAC 4/5/7. In conclusion, this study suggests that TSC up-regulates the expression of KLF2 through inhibiting HDAC 4/5/7 and thus inhibits TNFα induced endothelial inflammation, and it has the potential to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.

Mechanism of Tongmai Yangxin pill to reduce the no-reflow after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion by activating HIF-1α/eNOS signaling pathway up-regulated by GPER / 药学学报

The Tongmai Yangxin pill (TMYX) has potential clinical effects on no-reflow (NR); however, the effective substances and mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. This study evaluates the cardioprotective effects and molecular mechanisms of TMYX against NR. We used a myocardial NR rat model (2 h after myocardial ischemia and 2 h after reperfusion) to confirm the effect and mechanism of action of TMYX in alleviating NR. In vitro studies in isolated coronary microvasculature of NR rats and in silico network pharmacology analyses were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of TMYX and determine the main components, targets, and pathways of TMYX, respectively. The experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (LLBH-202212160001). TMYX showed therapeutic effects on NR by improving cardiac structure and function, reducing NR, ischemic areas, and cardiomyocyte injury, and decreasing the content of cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Moreover, the mechanism of TMYX predicted by network pharmacology is related to the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways. TMYX increased the expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and HIF-1α. In vitro, TMYX enhanced the diastolic function of coronary microvascular cells; however, this effect was inhibited by GPER inhibitor (G-15), eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME), and sGC inhibitor (ODQ). This study integrates pharmacology and experimental evaluation to reveal that TMYX activates HIF-1α/eNOS signaling pathway by upregulating GPER to relax coronary microvessels, thereby significantly alleviating NR.

Terpine-4-ol on inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by improving mitochondrial dynamics / 药学学报

The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of terpinen-4-ol (T4O) on high glucose (HG) -induced calcification in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC). To investigate the role of T4O on HG-induced calcium deposition, osteogenic phenotypic transformation and mitochondrial dynamics in VSMC, Mdivi-1, a mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp-1) inhibitor, was used to analyze the correlation between mitochondrial dynamics and VSMC calcification and the role of T4O. Alizarin red S staining was used to observe calcium salt deposition and flow cytometry to detect intracellular Ca2+ content; Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of phenotypic switching-related markers α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and Runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and mitochondrial dynamics-related markers mitofusin 1 (MFN1), mitofusin 2 (MFN2) and Drp-1. The results showed that low and high doses of T4O could inhibit HG-induced down-regulation of α-SMA, MFN1 and MFN2 expression levels, and up-regulation of BMP2, Runx2 and Drp-1 expression levels, reduce intracellular Ca2+ content and calcium salt deposition, and effectively inhibit HG-induced VSMC calcification and mitochondrial dynamics disorders. The T4O group, Mdivi-1 group and T4O+Mdivi-1 group were able to up-regulate the expression levels of HG-induced α-SMA, MFN1 and MFN2, down-regulate the protein expression levels of BMP2, Runx2 and Drp-1, and inhibit calcium salt deposition, and there was no significant difference between the above indexes in the T4O and T4O+Mdivi-1 groups. The above findings suggest that T4O can inhibit the expression level of Drp-1, regulate the disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics, and suppress HG-induced VSMC calcification.

Effect of upper limb robot-assisted therapy on upper limb function in stroke patients: based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo study the effect of upper limb robot-assisted therapy on upper limb function and cerebral cortex activation in stroke patients using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). MethodsFrom January, 2022 to January, 2023, 32 stroke patients in Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center were randomly divided into control group (n = 16) and experimental group (n = 16). Both groups received routine neurological medication and routine rehabilitation. The control group received routine upper limb exercises, the experimental group received upper limb robot-assisted therapy. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE) and fNIRS (oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and total hemoglobin) before and four weeks after treatment. NIRS_SPM was used for activation analysis, Homer2 was used for blood oxygen concentration analysis. ResultsAfter treatment, the score of FMA-UE increased in both groups (|t| > 5.910, P < 0.001), and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t = -2.348, P < 0.05). fNIRS activation results showed that, the activation increased in the experimental group after treatment in channel 17 (F = 9.354, P < 0.01), and it was more than that in the control group (F = 5.217, P < 0.05). fNIRS blood oxygen concentration results showed that, the blood oxygen concentration increased in the experimental group after treatment in channel 17 (F = 12.179, P < 0.01), and it was more than that in the control group (F = 4.883, P < 0.05). ConclusionThe upper limb robot-assisted therapy can improve the upper limb motor function and cerebral cortex activation of stroke patients.

Reliability and validity assessment of Daily Stressors Evaluation Questionnaire for Primary School Students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To develop the Daily Stressor Evaluation Questionnaire for Primary School Students and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.@*Methods@#In November 2020, a convenience sampling method was used to conduct semi structured interviews with 10 primary school students in Jiading District, Shanghai. Through literature review, semi structured interviews, and expert consultation, 59 question items were developed, and 138 elementary school students in 2 districts in Shanghai were selected for a pre survey in March 2021, and the formal questionnaire was formed after item screening and parallel analysis. Stratified cluster sampling was used to survey a total of 1 618 fourth and fifth grade students enrolled in five elementary schools in Jiading District, Shanghai from April to May, 2021, to further test the reliability of the questionnaire.@*Results@#The Daily Stressor Evaluation Questionnaire for Primary School Students contained 4 dimensions and 22 items in total. The internal consistency test showed that cronbach α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.904 and Cronbach α coefficient of each dimension was between 0.689 to 0.803. The Guttman split half reliability was 0.885 and ranged from 0.582 to 0.732 for each dimension. The results of the validation factor analysis showed that the χ 2/df of the questionnaire was less than 4, the root mean square error of approximation was less than 0.08, and the Tueker Lewis index and comparative fit index were above 0.80. The critical value of using the ROC curve to evaluate the questionnaire was 31 points. At this point, the area under the curve was determined to be 0.783, while the sensitivity and specificity were found to be 71.43% and 73.39%, respectively. Additionally, the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated to be 23.26% and 95.79%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The Daily Stressor Evaluation Questionnaire for Primary School Students developed in this study has good reliability and validity and can be used as an assessment tool for evaluating stressors in primary school students.

Related factors of endogenous erythropoietin and its association with 10-year risks of cardiovascular disease in a community-based Chinese study / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the associated factors of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) and its association with 10-year risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a Chinese community-based general population.@*METHODS@#The participants of this study were from an atherosclerosis cohort survey which was established by the Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital in 2011. The cohort survey was performed in the Gucheng and Pingguoyuan communities of Shijingshan district in Beijing, China. The inclusion criteria of this study were: (1) endogenous EPO was measured; (2) health questionnaire data and other clinical data were complete; (3) participatants who had cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases (defined as self-reported coronary heart disease, stroke or transient ischemic attack) or anemia or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/(min·1.73 m2) at baseline were excluded. Multivariate linear regression model was used to examine the associated factors of endogenous EPO. The participants were grouped into low (< 5%), moderate (5%-10%) and high risk (≥10%) groups, based on predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk using the prediction for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in China (China-PAR) equations.@*RESULTS@#A total of 4 013 participants were included. Mean age of them was (55.9±8.2) years, 62.2% (n=2 496) of them were female, and 46.3% (n=1 859), 70.9% (n=2 845), 21.9% (n=879) had hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes, individually. The average body mass index was (26.1±3.3) kg/m2. The median of EPO level was 12.8 (9.3-17.4) IU/L and 25.1% (n=998) were at high 10-years risk of cardiovascular disease. Hemoglobin (β=-0.05, 95%CI: -0.07 to -0.04) and eGFR ≥90 mL/(min·1.73 m2) (β=-0.05, 95%CI: -0.07 to -0.04) were associated with lower in transformed EPO levels while hypertension (β=0.08, 95%CI: 0.05 to 0.12) and obesity (β=0.14, 95%CI: 0.09 to 0.18) were associated with higher in transformed EPO levels in multivariate linear regression analyses. Ten-year cardiovascular disease risks were positively associated with in transformed EPO levels (β=0.07, 95%CI: 0.05 to 0.09). The participants at moderate and high cardiovascular disease risks had significant higher EPO levels than the low risk group (all P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In community-based Beijing populations, endogenous EPO was associated with hemoglobin, renal function, obesity and hypertension. Individuals at high 10-years cardiovascular disease risks have higher endogenous EPO levels. Endogenous EPO may be a potential risk marker of cardiovascular disease.

Risk factors of central compartment lymph node metastasis in stage T 1a solitary papillary thyroid carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the correlation of central compartment lymph node metastasis(CLNM) in stage T 1a solitary papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with the clinicopathological characteristics, sonographic features and the number of lymph node dissection, and to analyze the risk factors of CLNM. Methods:The data of 218 patients with stage T 1a solitary PTC who underwent thyroid cancer surgery from January 2017 to May 2021 in Tangshan Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into CLNM positive group and CLNM negative group according to CLNM. The age, gender, preoperative sonographic features, pathological type, the number of lymph node dissection and the number of metastasis were recorded. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of CLNM. Results:Among 218 patients, there were 71 cases (32.6%) in CLNM positive group and 147 cases (67.4%) in CLNM negative group. There were statistically significant differences in age, tumor diameter, capsular invasion in thyroid or not, tumor blood supply or not, and the number of lymph node dissection between two groups (all P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in gender, clear tumor boundary or not, tumor shape, tumor aspect ratio, calcification, nodular goiter and Hashimoto's thyroiditis or not (all P > 0.05). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that age < 55 years ( OR = 2.995, 95% CI 1.228-7.307), capsular invasion in thyroid ( OR = 5.297, 95% CI 2.494-11.248) and the number of lymph node dissection ≥6 ( OR = 4.085, 95% CI 2.059-8.104) were independent risk factors of CLNM (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Patients with stage T 1a solitary PTC, age < 55 years and capsular invasion in thyroid are prone to CLNM; sufficient number of lymph node dissection can get more accurate CLNM rate.

Expressions of serum thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their clinical significances / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To explore the relationship between serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab) and the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 574 patients with thyroid nodules who received surgical treatment in Tengzhou Central People's Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Using histopathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the patients were divided into papillary thyroid carcinoma group (malignant group, 267 cases) and benign thyroid nodules group (benign group, 307 cases). The clinical data and the preoperative serum TSH, TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab levels were compared between the two groups. The correlation between preoperative serum TSH, TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab levels and papillary thyroid cancer was analyzed by logistic regression.Results:There were no statistical differences in the age and gender of patients between the malignant group and the benign group (all P > 0.05). TSH [2.37 mIU/L (1.43 mIU/L, 5.09 mIU/L)], TPO-Ab [17.84 IU/ml (11.94 IU/ml, 40.68 IU/ml)] and Tg-Ab [15.69 IU/ml (10.57 IU/ml, 132.00 IU/ml)] in the malignant group were higher than those in the benign group [TSH 1.60 mIU/L (0.88 mIU/L, 2.57mIU/L), TPO-Ab 14.29 IU/ml (10.00 IU/ml, 21.17 IU/ml), Tg-Ab 12.23 IU/ml (10.00 IU/ml, 16.51 IU/ml)], and the differences were statistically significant ( Z values were -6.43, -4.60 and -6.15, all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that positive TPO-Ab ( OR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.993-0.999, P = 0.013) and positive Tg-Ab ( OR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.994-0.998, P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for papillary thyroid cancer. Conclusions:Preoperative serum TSH, TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab levels are closely related to papillary thyroid cancer, among which positive serum TPO-Ab and positive Tg-Ab are independent risk factors for papillary thyroid cancer and have important values in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.