Game Model Analysis of Fraud Audit in Public Hospitals / 中国卫生经济

Preventing fraud is an important goal and urgent task of internal control in public hospitals.Using game model to study the effective path for internal audit department to reduce management fraud.Increasing the reward of staff in internal audit department after discovering fraud,reducing the cost of fraud audit and increasing the probability of fraud audit can reduce the possibility of fraud by management.

Current Status and Challenges of Guarantee for Rare Disease Drugs / 罕见病研究

In the past few years, China has pushed forward the availability of diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases. However, only 5% of patients receive effective treatment in the world. In China, the difficulties in having access to drugs against rare disease is still one of the major problems in medical service and the main cause of patients complaints for " difficulties in getting treatment" and " difficulties in getting drugs". The availability of the medication for rare disease is a coordinating mechanism involving multiple such points in the chain as in research and development, production, circulation, usage, way of payment, technology innovation and so forth. It also relates to the actors in supply, demand, and policy decision-makers. The complexity is different from that of common drugs. This article provides a brief overview of the current status of availability policies of medication for rare diseases in China and in other countries, as well as the technology in drug development. In addition, the article points out the problems, challenges and expectations for future possibilities.

Consideration on " Patient-Centered" Drug Development for Rare Diseases / 罕见病研究

The unmet clinical needs of patients with rare diseases persist. Many rare diseases lack effective treatments, and drug development for rare diseases faces greater challenges than that for common multiple diseases. In recent years, the concept of " patient-centered" drug development has been widely adopted. The Center for Drug Evaluation(CDE) of the National Medical Products Administration has successively issued a series of relevant guiding principles, such as the Technical Guidelines for the Implementation of Patient-Centered Clinical Trials, to promote a " patient-centered" drug development model. The implementation of the " patient-centered" approach in rare disease drug research and development, with a focus on patient perspectives and active engagement, can effectively facilitate a comprehensive understanding of rare diseases and patient needs among drug research and development enterprises, researchers, and regulatory agencies. This approach also enhances the accuracy and efficiency of rare disease drug research and development. The CDE will continue to prioritize the integration of the " patient-centered" concept into rare disease drug research and development, effectively enhance the involvement of rare patients in the drug research and development process, and leverage the guiding role of patients′ perspectives on drug research and development.

Practice and effect evaluation of refined setting of evidence-based reference prescription pre-audit rules in anes-thesiology department / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To optimize the pre-audit rules for anesthesia prescriptions， improve the audit quality and rational drug use. METHODS The inpatient medical orders of anesthesia department from prescription pre-audit system of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University （hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”） were analyzed from April 1 to 30， 2023. The classification statistics and evidence-based inquiry were carried out for irrational drug use issues； combined with our hospital’s current implementation of the Anesthesiology Clinical Pathway Medication Standards， the audit rules were set in details， and audit management and communication feedback processes were established. The total number of monthly audited orders， the number of pre-audit pop ups， system interception rate， physician modification rate after system audit， pharmacist audit rate， and reasonable rate of medical orders after refined setting of rules （May-December in 2023） were compared with before setting （April in 2023）； the average medication cost per anesthesia session after refined setting of rules was also compared with before setting （May- December in 2022）. RESULTS Irrational drug use in the anesthesia department mainly included inappropriate indications， inappropriate administration routes， inappropriate usage and dosage， inappropriate compatibility， medication problems in special populations， and improper medication during the perioperative period. After the refinement of the rules， the number of pre-audit pop ups in the anesthesia department significantly decreased over time， and gradually reached a stable state after continuous improvement. Compared with before setting， the system interception rate after the refinement of rules （P＜0.001）， physician modification rate after system audit （P＜0.001） both increased significantly， while the pharmacist audit rate significantly decreased （P＜0.001）. There was a linear trend between the reasonable rate of medical orders and the month from May to December in 2023 （P＜0.05）. Compared with before the setting， the average medication cost of anesthesia per session decreased from 720.72 yuan to 528.21 yuan， with a decrease of 26.71%. CONCLUSIONS Based on evidence-based reference， refining pre-audit rules for anesthesia prescriptions can significantly improve the quality of prescription examination， promote rational drug use， and save patient’s medical expenses.

Best evidence audit and analysis to the medication management for patients with dysphagia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To review the clinical status based on the best evidence of drug administration in patients with dysphagia, systematically analyze the obstacle factors and promoting factors in the process of evidence transformation, and formulate reform strategies.Methods:Based on the evidence-based nursing research method and the guidance of the Ottawa Model of Research Use (OMRU), the review indicators were developed based on the best evidence. The current status of clinical practice behaviors of 223 patients and 75 nurses in the Neurology, Neurosurgery and Geriatric departments of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University were reviewed from July to December 2021.Based on the results of the review, qualitative interviews were conducted with 32 potential adopters, and content analysis was used to assess the barriers and contributing factors to the clinical translation of evidence in three aspects: evidence-based change, potential adopters and practice environment, so as to develop effective strategies.Results:Based on the 22 best evidence selected, the evidence-based team developed 25 review indicators to carry out clinical review, showing that the compliance rate of 16 indicators were less than 60%. By analyzing and summarizing the interview results of potential adopters, the main obstacles leading to the low compliance rate of nurses were analyzed as follows: evidence-based reform changed the traditional work mode, and the application of evidence was not convenient; at the level of potential adopters, nurses had poor knowledge and practice, heavy work burden, and low awareness of patients and caregivers; at the level of practice environment, there was lack of nursing norms and procedures for clinical transformation of evidence, and the channels of multi-disciplinary collaboration and communication were not smooth. The main promoting factors were the perfect supervision mechanism of evidence-based nursing projects, the evidence-based group had rich experience in evidence transformation, the management was willing to change, and the practitioners were good at innovation.Conclusions:There is still a large gap between the clinical practice and the best evidence of drug administration in patients with dysphagia. The promoting factors should be fully utilized to overcome the obstacles and implement improvements to promote the effective transformation of evidence into clinical practice.

Construction of a quality evaluation index system for specialty care of knee ligament injuries based on a three-dimensional quality structure model / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a nursing quality evaluation index system for knee ligament injury to provide a basis for standardizing the nursing practice and improving the nursing quality of knee ligament injury.Methods:Based on the three-dimensional quality structure model of "structure-process-outcome" proposed by Donabedian, the quality evaluation index system for knee ligament injury specialties was constructed through literature review, brainstorming, and Delphi expert consultation from April to June 2023.Results:Sixteen experts were included in the inquiry. The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert correspondence questionnaires was 16/16, the expert authority coefficient was 0.95, and the Kendell harmony coefficients of the expert correspondence were 0.116 and 0.122, respectively (both P<0.05). The final constructed knee ligament injury specialty care quality evaluation index system contained 3 primary indicators (structural quality, process quality and outcome quality), 16 secondary indicators, and 69 tertiary indicators.Conclusions:The specialized nursing quality evaluation index system for knee ligament injury constructed in this study is scientific and reliable, which can provide a basis for the evaluation and assessment of the nursing quality of knee ligament injury specialties and promote the continuous improvement of their nursing quality.

Construction and application of sub-specialty nursing quality standard in orthopedics department / 中国实用护理杂志

The current situation of the construction and application of orthopaedic subspecialty nursing quality standards at home and abroad is reviewed, and the overview of orthopaedic subspecialty nursing quality standards, theoretical foundations, the content of the standard construction, the form and results of the application, and the shortcomings and outlooks are elaborated and illustrated, with a view to providing theoretical references for the further improvement and application of China′s orthopaedic subspecialty nursing quality standard system, and providing scientific suggestions and reflections for the promotion of the high-quality development of orthopaedic subspecialty nursing.

Internal auditing risk analysis for medical laboratories seeking accreditation through the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS)

Objectives@#The primary aim of this study was to determine quantitatively the extent of coverage of the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS 015) requirements by guidance checklists (HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021). @*Methods@#The level of conformance requirement coverage of HOKLAS 015 by HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021 was calculated by an evaluation checklist based on conformance requirements in HOKLAS 015. A distribution analysis of conformance requirements relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process‑based quality management system model was also performed to elicit further coverage information. @*Results@#HOKLAS 016‑02 was found to provide coverage of 76% while HOKLAS 021 was found to provide coverage of 11%. HOKLAS 015 was also found to have a distribution coverage of 78% relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process‑based quality management system model.@*Conclusion@#The results of this analysis should be of value to medical laboratories wishing to maintain the internal auditability required by HOKLAS 015 by gaining an awareness of the extent of coverage provided by HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021.

Avaliação da qualidade dos registros do processo de enfermagem por meio de auditoria retrospectiva / Quality assessment of nursing process records through retrospective audit / Evaluación de la calidad de los registros del proceso de enfermería a través de auditoría retrospectiva

Objetivo: analisar a qualidade dos registros do processo de enfermagem e compará-la segundo as unidades de internação. Método: estudo transversal, retrospectivo que analisou 258 prontuários, entre os meses de março e julho de 2022, de pacientes internados no ano de 2019, em um hospital de grande porte da região Centro-Oeste. Para mensurar a qualidade dos registros, utilizou-se o instrumento Quality of Diagnoses, Interventions and Outcomes, validado para o Brasil. Pesquisa aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética. Resultados: considerando as dimensões dos diagnósticos de enfermagem como processo e como produto, os escores médios gerais de 4,5(±2,6) e 7,1(±4,1), respectivamente. Quanto às dimensões intervenções e resultados de enfermagem, médias de 3,0(±2,1) e 4,7(±4,8). Observaram-se variações das médias de escores entre as unidades analisadas, com diferença significativa (p<0,001). Conclusão: os resultados demonstraram baixos escores de qualidade dos registros do processo de enfermagem, e a média de escores divergiu entre as unidades de internação analisadas(AU)

Objective: To analyze the quality of nursing process records and compare them according to hospitalization units. Method: a cross-sectional, retrospective study that analyzed 258 medical records, between the months of March and July 2022, of patients admitted in 2019, in a large hospital in the Midwest region. The Quality of Diagnoses, Interventions and Outcomes instrument, validated for Brazil, was used to measure the quality of the records. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Results: considering the dimensions of nursing diagnoses as a process and as a product, the overall mean scores were 4.5(±2.6) and 7.1(±4.1), respectively. As for the dimensions of nursing interventions and outcomes, the mean scores were 3.0(±2.1) and 4.7(±4.8). There were variations in the mean scores between the units analyzed, with a significant difference (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results showed low quality scores for nursing process records, and the mean scores differed between the inpatient units analyzed(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la calidad de los registros del proceso de enfermería y compararla según las unidades de hospitalización. Método: estudio transversal, retrospectivo, que analizó 258 historias clínicas, entre marzo y julio de 2022, de pacientes internados en 2019 en un gran hospital de la región Centro-Oeste. Para medir la calidad de los registros, se utilizó el instrumento Quality of Diagnoses, Interventions and Outcomes (Calidad de Diagnósticos, Intervenciones y Resultados), validado para Brasil. El Comité de Ética aprobó la investigación. Resultados: considerando las dimensiones de los diagnósticos de enfermería como proceso y como producto, las puntuaciones medias globales fueron 4,5(±2,6) y 7,1(±4,1), respectivamente. En cuanto a las dimensiones de las intervenciones de enfermería y los resultados, los promedios fueron de 3,0(±2,1) y 4,7(±4,8). Hubo variaciones en los promedios de las puntuaciones entre las unidades analizadas, con una diferencia significativa (p<0,001). Conclusión: Los resultados mostraron bajas puntuaciones de calidad en los registros de procesos de enfermería, y los promedios de las puntuaciones difirieron entre las unidades de hospitalización analizadas(AU)

Supervisión clínica de enfermería, proyecto de auditoría clínica e implementación de evidencia / Nursing clinical supervision, clinical audit and evidence implementation project

Resumen Objetivo: Implementar la mejor evidencia científica en la supervisión clínica de las UCI mediante la aplicación de la herramienta del JBI de auditoría clínica para la optimización de la práctica de la supervisión clínica en las unidades de cuidados intensivos. Materiales y Métodos: Este proyecto utilizó el marco de implementación de evidencia de JBI basado en el proceso de auditoría y retroalimentación junto con un enfoque estructurado para identificar y gestionar las barreras al cumplimiento de las prácticas clínicas recomendadas. Resultados: La mayoría de los supervisores tienen poco tiempo de supervisar las áreas de cuidados críticos. La auditoría de línea de base mostró que, de los 8 criterios establecidos por el JBI para evaluar la supervisión clínica, solo tres lograron un 80% de cumplimiento por parte de los supervisores. Conclusiones: El modelo de auditoría clínica JBI permitió identificar una serie de criterios que estaban afectando la supervisión clínica y la instauración de una plantilla de plan de trabajo para fortalecer y estandarizar la labor de la supervisión de enfermería.

Abstract Objective: To implement the best scientific evidence in the clinical supervision of ICUs by applying the JBI clinical audit tool for the optimization of the practice of clinical supervision in intensive care units. Materials and methods: This project used the JBI evidence implementation framework, based on the audit and feedback process together with a structured approach to identify and manage barriers to compliance with recommended clinical practices. Results: Most supervisors have little time to supervise critical care areas. The baseline audit showed that, of the 8 criteria set by JBI to assess clinical supervision, only three achieved 80% compliance by supervisors. Conclusions: The JBI clinical audit model allowed the identification of a series of criteria that were affecting clinical supervision and the establishment of a work plan template to strengthen and standardize the work of nursing supervision.

Auditoria de contas: impacto de glosas ocorrido a falta de anotações de enfermagem / Audit of accounts: impact of glosses due to lack of nursing notes

A auditoria foi instituída no sistema de saúde para organizar, planejar e direcionar os recursos financeiros, tendo como maior parte das glosas hospitalares, justificada por ausência de anotações, principalmente ações das equipes de enfermagem e médica. É importante lembrar que os registros de enfermagem estão vinculados à grande parte do pagamento de materiais, medicamentos e procedimentos, principais fontes de lucratividade das instituições hospitalares. Sendo Assim, o principal meio de assegurar o recebimento do valor gasto é através das corretas anotações de enfermagem. Este estudo teve como objetivo de realizar um levantamento bibliográfico, sobre os impactos causado pelo registro de enfermagem referente as glosas hospitalares. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa, classifica-se como qualitativa, do tipo exploratória e retrospectiva, foram avaliados vários artigos publicados com a temática sobre anotações de enfermagem e glosas. Conforme análise dos artigos selecionados para o estudo, evidenciou-se que existe a falta de anotações, checagem e carimbo por parte da equipe, refletindo em glosas durante o processo de faturamento hospitalar.(AU)

The audit was instituted in the health system to organize, plan and direct financial re-sources, with most of the hospital glosses, justified by the absence of notes, mainly ac-tions of the nursing and medical teams. It is important to remember that nursing records are linked to a large part of the payment for materials, medications and procedures, the main sources of profitability for hospital institutions. Therefore, the main means of ensur-ing receipt of the amount spent is through the correct nursing notes. This study aimed to carry out a bibliographic survey on the impacts caused by the nursing record referring to hospital glosses. This is an integrative review research, it is classified as qualitative, ex-ploratory and retrospective, several articles published with the theme of nursing notes and glosses were evaluated. According to the analysis of the articles selected for the study, it was evidenced that there is a lack of notes, checking and stamping by the team, reflecting in glosses during the hospital billing process.(AU)

La auditoría fue instituida en el sistema de salud para organizar, planificar y direccionar los recursos financieros, con la mayor parte de las glosas hospitalarias, justificadas por la ausencia de notas, principalmente de las acciones de los equipos de enfermería y médicos. Es importante recordar que los registros de enfermería están vinculados a gran parte del pago de materiales, medicamentos y procedimientos, principales fuentes de rentabilidad de las instituciones hospitalarias. Por lo tanto, el principal medio de garantizar la recepción del importe gastado es a través de las notas de enfermería correctas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una pesquisa bibliográfica sobre los impactos causados por el registro de enfermería referente a las glosas hospitalarias. Se trata de una investigación de revisión integradora, se clasifica como cualitativa, ex-ploratoria y retrospectiva, se evaluaron varios artículos publicados con el tema de notas de enfermería y glosas. De acuerdo con el análisis de los artículos seleccionados para el estudio, se evidenció la falta de anotaciones, verificación y sellado por parte del equipo, reflejándose en glosas durante el proceso de facturación hospitalaria.(AU)

Risk of post-vasectomy infections in 133,044 vasectomies from four international vasectomy practices

ABSTRACT Objectives: To estimate the risk of post-vasectomy infections in various settings and across various surgical techniques and sanitization practices. Patients and Methods: Retrospective review of the records of 133,044 vasectomized patients from four large practices/network of practices using the no-scalpel vasectomy (NSV) technique in Canada (2011-2021), Colombia (2015-2020), New Zealand (2018-2021), and the United Kingdom (2006-2019). We defined infection as any mention in medical records of any antibiotics prescribed for a genital or urinary condition following vasectomy. Results: Post-vasectomy infection risks were 0.8% (219 infections/26,809 procedures), 2.1% (390/18,490), 1.0% (100/10,506), and 1.3% (1,007/77,239) in Canada, Colombia, New Zealand, and the UK, respectively. Audit period comparison suggests a limited effect on the risk of infection of excising a short vas segment, applying topical antibiotic on scrotal opening, wearing a surgical mask in Canada, type of skin disinfectant, and use of non-sterile gloves in New Zealand. Risk of infection was lower in Colombia when mucosal cautery and fascial interposition [FI] were used for vas occlusion compared to ligation, excision, and FI (0.9% vs. 2.1%, p<0.00001). Low level of infection certainty in 56% to 60% of patients who received antibiotics indicates that the true risk might be overestimated. Lack of information in medical records and patients not consulting their vasectomy providers might have led to underestimation of the risk. Conclusion: Risk of infection after vasectomy is low, about 1%, among international high-volume vasectomy practices performing NSV and various occlusion techniques. Apart from vasectomy occlusion technique, no other factor modified the risk of post-vasectomy infection.

La calidad de registro de las historias clínicas odontológicas de un centro de salud de la ciudad de Ica, Perú / Quality of registration of dental medical records in a health center in the city of Ica, Peru / Qualidade dos registros odontológicos em um centro de saúde na cidade de Ica, Peru

RESUMEN Objetivo : el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la calidad del registro de las historias clínicas odontológicas de un centro de salud de la ciudad de Ica, Perú. Material y métodos : Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, observacional, transversal y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 212 historias clínicas que fueron evaluadas mediante la Norma Técnica de Salud n.° 029-MINSA/DIGEPRES-V.02, aprobada por la Resolución Ministerial n.° 502-2016/MINSA, norma que permitió evaluar distintos aspectos con puntajes. Luego de realizar la sumatoria del puntaje obtenido se procedió a calificar. Resultados : Se obtuvo que, entre las historias clínicas del centro de salud de la ciudad de Ica, el 53,8 % tuvo una calidad por mejorar; 42 %, una calidad satisfactoria; y 4,2 %, una calidad deficiente. Conclusiones : Las historias clínicas del centro de salud de Ica se encuentran en un estado por mejorar en un 53,8 %.

ABSTRACT Objective : The objective of this study was to assess the quality of dental medical record keeping at a health center in the city of Ica, Peru. Material and methods : We conducted a descriptive study using a quantitative, non-experimental, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective approach. The sample comprised 212 medical records that were evaluated according to Health Technical Standard No. 029-MINSA/DIGEPRES-V.02. This standard, approved by Ministerial Resolution No. 502-2016/MINSA, allowed for the assessment of various aspects with corresponding scores. After tallying the scores obtained, we ranked the records accordingly. Results : The findings revealed that among the medical records at the health center in the city of Ica, 53.8 % demonstrated a need for improvement in quality, 42 % exhibited satisfactory quality, and 4.2 % displayed poor quality. Conclusions : The medical records at the Ica health center are in need of improvement for 53.8 % of cases.

RESUMO Objetivo : O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a qualidade do registro de prontuários odontológicos em um centro de saúde na cidade de Ica, Peru. Material e métodos : Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, quantitativo, não experimental, observacional, transversal e retrospectivo. A amostra consistiu em 212 registros médicos que foram avaliados usando a Norma Técnica de Saúde n.° 029-MINSA/DIGEPRES-V.02, aprovada pela Resolução Ministerial n.° 502-2016/MINSA, que permitiu a avaliação de diferentes aspectos com escores. Após somar as pontuações obtidas, elas foram classificadas. Resultados : Verificou-se que, entre os registros médicos do centro de saúde da cidade de Ica, 53,8% apresentavam uma qualidade a ser melhorada, 42% tinham uma qualidade satisfatória e 4,2% tinham uma qualidade ruim. Conclusões : Os registros médicos do centro de saúde de Ica estão em um estado de melhoria, com 53,8%.

Clinical profile and outcomes in cervical cancer: An audit from a tertiary cancer center

Background: Carcinoma cervix contributes to a major proportion of cancer treatment in tertiary oncology centers. The outcomes are dependent on multiple factors. We conducted an audit to establish the pattern of treatment practiced for carcinoma cervix at the institute and suggest changes thereof to improve the quality of care. Methodology: A retrospective observational study of 306 diagnosed cases of carcinoma cervix was carried out for the year 2010. Data was collected with regards to diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results: Out of 306 cases, 102 (33.33%) patients received only radiation therapy and 204 (66.66%) patients received concurrent chemotherapy. The most common chemotherapy used was weekly cisplatin 99 (48.52%), followed by weekly carboplatin 60 (29.41%) and three weekly cisplatin 45 (22.05%). Disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 years was 36.6% with patients of overall treatment time (OTT) of <8 weeks and >8 weeks showing DFS of 41.8% and 34% (P = 0.149), respectively. Overall survival (OS) was 34%. Concurrent chemoradiation improved overall survival by a median of 8 months (P = 0.035). There was a trend towards improved survival with three weekly cisplatin regimen, however, insignificant. Stage correlated with improved overall survival significantly with stage I and II showing 40% and stage III and IV showing 32% (P < 0.05) OS. Acute toxicity (grade I-III) was higher in the concurrent chemoradiation group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This audit was a first of its kind in the institute and threw light on the treatment and survival trends. It also revealed the number of patients lost to follow-up and prompted us to review the reasons for it. It has laid the foundation for future audits and recognized the importance of electronic medical records in the maintenance of data

Supervisão clínica: um contributo na melhoria dos indicadores de qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem / Clinical supervision: a contribution to improving quality indicators in nursing care / La supervisión clínica: una contribución a la mejora de los indicadores de calidad de la atención de enfermería

RESUMO: Objetivo: comparar índices e indicadores de qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem nos serviços de internação, médico e cirúrgico quando implementada a supervisão clínica. Método: estudo observacional, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa, e amostragem do tipo aleatória simples dos registros das auditorias relacionados à qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem (n=719). A pesquisa decorreu entre agosto de 2020 e agosto de 2022, em dois hospitais privados da região de Lisboa, Portugal, onde se realizam auditorias relacionadas à qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem, sendo implementada a supervisão clínica num dos hospitais. Empregou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: decorrente da análise dos registos quando comparados os hospitais e serviços foi evidenciada subida de scores de qualidade desejada e adequada (≤5 e ≤4) nos serviços do hospital onde foi implementada a supervisão clínica. Conclusão: a supervisão clínica permite acompanhar estrategicamente as equipes na prática dos cuidados, elevando os índices e indicadores de qualidade com impacto direto para o paciente.

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare indices and indicators of the quality of nursing care in inpatient, medical and surgical services when clinical supervision is implemented. Method: an observational, retrospective study with a quantitative approach and simple random sampling of audit records related to the quality of nursing care (n=719). The research took place between August 2020 and August 2022, in two private hospitals in the Lisbon region, Portugal, where audits related to the quality of nursing care were carried out, and clinical supervision was implemented in one of the hospitals. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: analysis of the records when comparing the hospitals and services showed an increase in the desired and adequate quality scores (≤5 and ≤4) in the services of the hospital where clinical supervision was implemented. Conclusion: Clinical supervision allows teams to be strategically monitored in the practice of care, increasing quality indices and indicators with a direct impact on the patient.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar los índices e indicadores de calidad de la atención de enfermería en los servicios de hospitalización, médicos y quirúrgicos cuando se aplica la supervisión clínica. Método: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, con abordaje cuantitativo y muestreo aleatorio simple de registros de auditoría relacionados con la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería (n=719). La investigación tuvo lugar entre agosto de 2020 y agosto de 2022 en dos hospitales privados de la región de Lisboa, Portugal, donde se realizan auditorías relacionadas con la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería, y en uno de los hospitales se implementó la supervisión clínica. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: el análisis de los registros al comparar los hospitales y servicios mostró un aumento de las puntuaciones de calidad deseada y adecuada (≤5 y ≤4) en los servicios del hospital donde se implantó la supervisión clínica. Conclusión: La supervisión clínica permite el seguimiento estratégico de los equipos en la práctica asistencial, aumentando los índices e indicadores de calidad con impacto directo en el paciente.

MATERNAL NEAR MISS: AN INDIAN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE AUDIT

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in medical sciences and increased awareness of measures for safe child birth, unacceptably high maternal morbidity and mortality continues in developing countries like India. Ours being a tertiary care centre, draws a lot number of high risk pregnancies and referrals. By auditing the near miss cases2 i.e., a critically ill pregnant or recently delivered woman who was on the verge of death but survived a problem during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of the pregnancy's termination, we aim to identify the causes, factors leading to near miss2 and the management given to near miss2 and maternal deaths. The AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: present study aims to determine the magnitude, as well as to identify the pattern of Maternal Near Miss2 (MNM), at Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, during the study period of two years. To anal OBJECTIVES: yse 1)Adverse events leading to a maternal near-miss2, 2) Disorders underlying these cases, 3)Sociodemographic factors and 4)Contributing factors A hospital based retros METHODOLOGY: pective observational study to assess the frequency and nature of maternal near miss2 events among the obstetric cases managed at Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada over a period of two years. The followi RESULTS: ng are the major causes identified leading to maternal near miss2 during our study Severe Eclampsia 17%, Post-partum Haemorrhage 17%, Pulmonary Edema due to severe pre eclampsia3 9%, Antepartum Eclampsia 9%, HELLP 9%, Ruptured ectopic pregnancy 7%, Cardiac failure 7%, Postpartum Eclampsia 7%, Imminent Eclampsia 4%, Abruption 4%, Rupture uterus 2%. In our study Maternal near miss2 ratio incidence: 0.0254, Severe maternal outcomes ratio : 3, Maternal near miss2 to mortality ratio: 0.433 CONCLUSION: We observed in majority of the cases level 1 and level 2 delays in reporting to our institution

AUDIT OF PROPER TECHNIQUE OF LID TAPING

Background: To assess the quality of lid taping done in departments handling patients requiring critical care. Method This study is an observational cohort study which assessed the quality of lid taping from May 2022 to October 2022.This study was done in 10-bedded intensive care unit of a tertiary care medical teaching hospital. Retrospective analysis was done during phase 1 and post intervention, phase 2 was conducted. A 30% reduction in the incidence of exposure ke Result: ratitis was observed in these critical care patients. Protocolized eye care needs to be emphasised in critical ca Conclusion: re units along with training and sensitisation of the care givers and staff members towards the same is mandatory.

Research on the Internal Audit Work Status and the Path of Improving Quality and Efficiency of Public Hospitals in Jiangxi Province under the Background of High-Quality Development / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To study the path of improving the quality and efficiency of internal audit work in public hospitals,and to promote the high-quality development of public hospitals.Methods:Through questionnaires,field research and expert interviews,the internal audit system construction,audit capacity and audit work of public hospitals above grade II(inclusive)in Jiangxi were studied.Results:The data illustrate that the internal audit of public hospitals in Jiangxi Province is generally weak,and the development of internal audit lags behind the public hospitals developing speed in other dimension.It is not in line with the requirements for internal auditing in public hospitals in the context of quality development.Conclusion:Health and health authorities and public hospitals have made two-way efforts to enhance internal audit capacity,improve the weak status quo of internal auditing in the industry,change audit thinking,study and explore new paths to enhance audit supervision,delve vertically into the core of the business,horizontally expand audit coverage,improve the synergy between the development of internal auditing and the development of public hospitals,and realize the value of internal auditing.

Dosimetry audits research for 31 medical accelerators by using radiophoto luminescent glass dosimeter in Jiangsu province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To perform dosimetric audits on medical accelerators in radiotherapy institutions in Jiangsu province by using a radiophoto luminescent glass dosimeter (RPLGD) and to evaluate both the accuracy of radiotherapy doses and the effectiveness of RPLGD as an auditing tool.Methods:Firstly, the purposive sampling method was used to select three prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu province with good cooperation between radiotherapy institutions and a large number of patients treated by medical accelerators. Secondly, a simple random sampling method was used to select 31 radiotherapy institutions from all radiotherapy institutions in the selected three cities. Finally, one medical accelerator was selected from each institution for dose audit. A dose audit was performed by using RPLGD combined with a 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm standard phantom. The dosimeter was placed 10 cm underwater in the center of a 10 cm × 10 cm field with a 100 cm source skin distance. The dosimeter was irradiated with absorbed dose of 2 Gy. After the completion of irradiation, the dosimeter was read by the reader and the deviation was calculated. The acceptance level of the present research was ±5%. A non-parametric test was used to test the significance of differences between different manufacturers, installation years, and geographic distribution.Results:The dose deviation of 31 accelerators was from -16.9% to 2.0%. Of these, 28 accelerators pass the audit with pass rate of 90.3%. A follow-up audit was conducted on the only accelerator whose dose deviation exceeds±10%, also with discrepancy within ±5%. Two accelerators with a dose deviation larger than ±5% were re-measured using ionization chambers, both with dose deviation within ±3%. The non-parametric test result showed that there were no significant statistical differences in dose deviation for accelerators with different manufacturers, installation years, and geographic distribution( P>0.05). Conclusions:The levels of dose deviation for accelerators in Jiangsu province are consistent with those in the previous studies. However, there is still a difference with developed countries. RPLGD is feasible as a dose audit tool. The coverage of the RPLGD audit should be expanded to promote the quality of the radiotherapy through dose aduit.

Practice and effect of construction of rational drug use mode of PIVAS by the activities of quality control circle / 药学实践与服务

Objective To establish a rational drug use model of PIVAS and promote the rational drug use in clinical practices by enhancing the quality of prescription review by pharmacists. Methods The PIVAS physician orders received from 2014 to 2021 were extracted through the hospital information management (HIS) system. The types of irrational physician orders were statistically analyzed, the improvements were made by the method of quality control circle (QCC). Results The model of PIVAS rational drug use formed a standardized process. The proficiency of physician order review was improved. From 2014 to 2021, the number and proportion of unreasonable physician orders in PIVAS decreased year by year. Every type of unreasonable physician orders was improved year by year. Conclusion The professional and technical levels of pharmacist for physician order review at our hospital were improved by the model of PIVAS rational drug use. The quality of pharmaceutical service was significantly improved which ensured the safety of patients' medication.