Cecostomía endoscópica percutánea, una terapia eficaz en el síndrome de Ogilvie: relato de caso y revisión bibliográfica / Percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy, effective therapy for the treatment of Ogilvie syndrome: case and literature review

Ogilvie syndrome, or Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO) is characterized by colonic distension in the absence of mechanical obstruction. In general, it evolves favorably following a conservative treatment, and surgical procedures are not necessary6. We describe a case of ACPO with evolution of two days, in a 79-year old male patient, with asthma, type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension and policystic kidneys. After failure of conservative treatment based on support measures and neostigmine, percutaneous endoscopic support cecostomy, using a gastrostomy tube. The technique and its early execution were chosen considering that it was easy to be implemented, low cost and need for immediate colonic decompression due to high risk of ischemia and perforation of the colon, associated to a rapid clinical deterioration of the patient

El síndrome de Ogilvie o Pseudoobstrucción colónica aguda (ACPO) se caracteriza por la distensión del colon en ausencia de obstrucción mecánica. En general, el tratamiento conservador es favorable, no siendo necesaria una intervención quirúrgica. Describimos el caso de una ACPO con dos días de evolución, en paciente masculino de 79 años, asmático, portador de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensión arterial sistémica y riñones poliquísticos. Después del fracaso del tratamiento conservador con medidas de soporte y neostigmina, se optó por la realización de cecostomía endoscópica percutánea de protección, utilizando una sonda de gastrostomía. La elección de la técnica y su realización precoz se dio teniendo en vista su facilidad de ejecución, su bajo costo y la necesidad de descompresión colónica inmediata por el elevado riesgo de isquemia y perforación del colon, asociado al rápido empeoramiento clínico del paciente.

Seudoobstrucción colónica aguda o síndrome de Ogilvie en una anciana / Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction or Ogilvie syndrome in an old woman

La seudoobstrucción colónica aguda o síndrome de Ogilvie es una afección en la cual hay apariencia clínica e imagenológica de obstrucción intestinal sin bloqueo mecánico. Se describe el caso clínico de una anciana de 65 años de edad, quien sufría esta condición clínica, por lo cual fue atendida en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital N´Gola Kimbanda, provincia Namibe en Angola e intervenida quirúrgicamente. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente y egresó sin dificultad

The acute colonic pseudo-obstruction or Ogilvie syndrome is a disorder in which there is a clinical and imagenologic appearance of intestinal obstruction without mechanic blockade. The case report of a 65 years old woman who suffered from this clinical condition is described, reason why she was assisted and surgically intervened in the Surgery Service of N´Gola Kimbanda Hospital, Namibe province in Angola. The patient had a favorable clinical course and she was discharged without difficulty

Pseudoobstrucción aguda del colon o síndrome de Ogilvie y evisceración / Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction or Ogilvie syndrome and evisceration

La pseudoobstrucción aguda del colon, también conocida como síndrome de Ogilvie, consiste en una dilatación aguda masiva del colon con una combinación de síntomas y signos de obstrucción colónica en ausencia de obstrucción mecánica. Aunque es una entidad clínica bien conocida, en muchos aspectos, aun es escasamente comprendida y continúa siendo un reto para clínicos y cirujanos. Su temprano reconocimiento y tratamiento apropiados son imprescindibles para minimizar la morbilidad y la mortalidad. Se presenta el caso de una paciente que desarrolló un cuadro clínico de evisceración poslaparotómica causada por la dilatación aguda masiva del colon de un síndrome de Ogilvie. Recibió tratamiento quirúrgico urgente y su recuperación fue satisfactoria. El objetivo de este trabajo es publicar una forma de presentación poco frecuente del síndrome de Ogilvie y la revisión de la literatura especializada(AU)

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, also known as Ogilvie's syndrome, refers to an acute massive colonic dilatation with combined symptoms and signs of colonic obstruction in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Although it is a well-known clinical entity, in many aspects it remains poorly understood and continues to challenge physicians and surgeons alike. Early recognition and appropriate management are critical to minimize morbidity and mortality. The case is presented of a female patient bearer of a post laparotomic evisceration caused by an acute massive colonic dilatation of Ogilvie's syndrome, who was submitted to urgent surgical treatment with full recovery. This paper is aimed at presenting an unusual way of onset of Ogilvie's syndromeand the review of the specialized literature(AU)

Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) as a Complication of Herpes Zoster / 대한내과학회지

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) is a very rare complication of herpes zoster. A 62-year-old female visited our hospital due to abdominal pain. Skin lesions of herpes zoster had developed after the patient experienced symptoms of colonic obstruction. The symptoms of colonic obstruction resulted in more suffering for the patient than did those of herpes zoster. In cases reported previously in Korea, these symptoms were improved by endoscopic colonic decompression. However, the symptoms of this patient were improved by conservative treatment only, which included fasting and intravenous fluid replacement. Furthermore, this case differs from previous cases in terms of the difficulty of diagnosis due to the delayed appearance of the skin lesions. We present herein the first case in Korea of Ogilvie's syndrome as a complication of herpes zoster, which was improved by conservative treatment. Clinicians should be aware of the various unusual complications of herpes zoster.

Visceral myopathy causing acute colonic pseudoobstruction / 中华消化外科杂志

Visceral myopathy is a rare disorder characterized by atrophy,losing and fibrosis of visceral smooth muscle.Digestive tract is often invaded by the lesions,and the symptoms are various according to different lesions and degrees.Small intestinal involvement is characterized by abdominal distension,diarrhea and vomiting.Colon involvement is characterized by chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction.Malnutrition and hypoproteinemia may be secondary to this disease.The diagnosis of visceral myopathy is difficult,paralytic ileus,chronic constipation and systemic sclerosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis.The progression of the disease is slow,and the longterm prognosis is poor.In this article,the diagnosis and treatment of visceral myopathy causing acute intestinal pseudoobstruction were introduced based on the clinical data of 1 patient.

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction following allogeneic stem cell transplantation successfully treated by neostigmine

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), also known as Ogilvie's syndrome, is a rare clinical syndrome of massive large bowel dilatation without mechanical obstruction, which may cause significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment focuses on decompressing a severely dilated colon. The proposed theory that this severe ileus results from an imbalance in the autonomous regulation of colonic movement supports the rationale for using neostigmine, a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, in patients who failed conservative care. Although gastrointestinal complications are frequent following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT), the incidence of ACPO in a transplant setting is unknown and, if not vigilant, this adynamic ileus can be underestimated. We describe the case of a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing non-myeloablative allogeneic SCT from a partially human leukocyte antigen-mismatched sibling donor, and whose clinical course was complicated by ACPO in the early post-engraftment period. The ileus was not associated with gut graft-versus-host disease or infectious colitis. After 3 days of conservative care, intravenous neostigmine (2 mg/day) was administered for 3 consecutive days. Symptoms and radiologic findings began to improve 72 hours after the initial injection of neostigmine, and complete response without any associated complications was achieved within a week. Thus, neostigmine can be a safe medical therapy with successful outcome for patients who develop ACPO following allogeneic SCT.

Neostigmine for the treatment of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) in pediatric hematologic malignancies

BACKGROUND: Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) refers to dilatation of the colon and decreased bowel motility without evidence of mechanical obstruction. Neostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, has been used in patients in whom supportive therapy failed to resolve ACPO. Here, we report the results of administering neostigmine to treat ACPO in children with hematologic malignancies. METHODS: Between September 2005 and December 2009, 10 patients (8 male and 2 female) were diagnosed with ACPO at the Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Korea. Diagnosis of ACPO was based on typical clinical features as well as colonic dilatation found on abdominal CT imaging. Neostigmine was administered subcutaneously at a dosage of 0.01 mg/kg/dose (maximum 0.5 mg) twice daily for a maximum of 5 total doses. ACPO was determined to be responsive to neostigmine if the patient showed both stool passage and improvement of clinical symptoms. RESULTS: The study group included 8 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients, 1 patient with malignant lymphoma, and 1 patient with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. The median age at ACPO diagnosis was 8.5 years (range, 3-14). Overall, 8 patients (80%) showed therapeutic response to neostigmine at a median of 29 hours after the initial administration (range, 1-70). Two patients (20%) showed side effects of grade 2 or above, but none complained of cardiovascular symptoms that required treatment. CONCLUSION: In this study, ACPO was diagnosed most often in late-childhood ALL patients. Subcutaneous neostigmine can be used to effectively treat ACPO diagnosed in children with hematologic malignancies without major cardiovascular complications.

Síndrome de Ogilvie poshisterectomía: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura(AU) / Ogilvie's syndrome post hysterectomy: a case report and literature review

Objetivo: presentar el estudio y el tratamiento que se le realizó a una mujer embarazada que presentó Síndrome de Ogilvie (SO) como complicación de una histerectomía obstétrica, así como describir la epidemiología,lafisiopatología,loshallazgosclínicos después de los procedimientos gineco-obstétricos y el tratamiento de esta patología mediante una revisión de la literatura. Presentación del caso: mujer de 28 años de edad con embarazo de 38 semanas de gestación quien después de parto vaginal eutócico sufrió atonía uterina. Debido a la falta de mejoría con el manejo médico, se le realizó una histerectomía abdominal subtotal, presentando picos febriles, intolerancia a la vía oral, taquicardia, distensión e hipertimpanismo abdominal con dolor a la palpación superficial y profunda en hemiabdomen derecho y peristaltismo disminuido durante el posoperatorio. La radiografía de abdomen evidenció un cuadro obstructivo con origen probable a nivel del intestino delgado, por lo que se le practicó una laparotomía exploratoria donde se le encontró peritonitis fecal y perforación colónica a nivel de la válvula ileocecal, sin evidencia de obstrucción mecánica. Discusión: el SO se caracteriza por la dilatación masiva y progresiva del colon en ausencia de una obstrucción mecánica. Se desarrolla principalmente en pacientes hospitalizadas con graves condiciones médico-quirúrgicas, pero también se presenta frecuentemente después de procedimientos gineco-obstétricos. Debido a que este síndrome se ha visto asociado con una alta morbimortalidad, es necesario que el gineco-obstetra lo tenga en cuenta como diagnóstico diferencial y esté atento a su presentación como complicación de cirugías obstétricas o ginecológicas.

Objective: presenting the workup and management of a pregnant woman who presented Ogilvie's syndrome as a complication of an obstetric hysterectomy and describing the epidemiology, physiopathology and clinical findings following gynecobstetric procedure and treatment of this pathology by means of a literature review. Case report: the case of a 28-year-old woman is presented; the patient presented uterine atony following normal vaginal delivery after 38 weeks' pregnancy. A subtotal abdominal hysterectomy was made due to lack of improvement with medical management. The patient presented fever, intolerance to oral route, tachycardia, distended and hypertympanic abdomen, pain in response to surface and deep palpation of the right hemi-abdomen and decreased peristalsis during postoperative period. The abdominal radiograph revealed obstruction of the small intestine; exploratory laparotomy was thus carried out, showing foetal peritonitis and perforation of the colon at the ileocecal valve without evidence of mechanical obstruction. Discussion: Ogilvie's syndrome is characterised by massive and progressive dilatation of the colon in the absence of small bowel obstruction. The syndrome mainly develops in hospitalised patients suffering from severe medical conditions; nonetheless, it also occurs after gynecobstetric procedures. Because this syndrome is associated with high rates of morbidity andmortality,thegynecobstetricianmustrecognise this syndrome as being a possible complication of gynecobstetric procedure.

A Case of Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction Treated by Percutaneous Endoscopic Colostomy / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) results in massive colonic dilation without mechanical obstruction. In most cases, a conservative treatment with or without endoscopic decompression is efficient. Rarely, surgery has to be performed. A surgical treatment is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, a percutaneous endoscopic colostomy could be an interesting alternative treatment. We report the case of a 88-year-old female with colonic pseudo-obstruction for which both the conservative and the colonoscopic treatments were unsuccessful. A percutaneous endoscopic colostomy was performed, and symptomatic improvement was observed. We have shown that percutaneous endoscopic colostomy is a safe and effective treatment for acute colonic pseudo- obstruct

Eosinophilic Peritonitis Followed by Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) in an ESRD Patient on CAPD / 대한신장학회잡지

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) is characterized by massive dilatation of the colon with no sign of mechanical obstruction. We report a case of eosinophilic peritonitis with severe abdominal pain followed by acute colonic pseudo- obstruction in an ESRD patient on CAPD. The intravenous administration of neostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, resulted in safe and effective colonic decompression in our patient. In case patients with acute colonic pseudo-obstruction do not respond to conservative therapy, treatment with neostigmine can be considered even for patients on dialysis.