Combined microneedling for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia / 中华皮肤科杂志

Microneedling is a simple, safe, effective, minimally invasive, and economical treatment technique with a wide range of indications. Studies in China and other countries have showed that microneedling plays a role in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Compared with traditional therapies, combined microneedling has better therapeutic efficacy, shorter treatment course and a better safety profile. This review summarizes the therapeutic efficacy, mechanisms of action and safety of combined microneedling, and describes prospective trends in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia with combined microneedling based on recent relevant Chinese and international literature.

Cases analysis and etiology discussion of thymoma with alopecia areata / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:Analyzed the clinicopathological features of thymoma with alopecia areata, and discussed the pathogenesis and treatment methods.Methods:The clinicopathologic data of patients with thymoma who underwent surgery from August 1, 2015 to July 31, 2020 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University were reviewed. Transversally analyzed the patients of thymoma with alopecia areata and longitudinally compared with the patients of thymoma without alopecia areata after 1﹕10 matched by propensity score matching.Results:A total of 252 patients of thymoma were enrolled, including 6 patients with alopecia areata, accounting for 2.38%. The anti-AchR antibody, CD4 + /CD8 + T inversion in serum and myasthenia gravis were present in the all 6 thymoma patients with alopecia areata, which were significantly higher than those in the group of thymoma without alopecia areata. Besides myasthenia gravis, the proportion of complicated with other autoimmune diseases in thymoma patients with alopecia areata was significantly higher than that of thymoma patients without alopecia areata[83.33%(5/6) vs. 20.00%(12/60), P=0.003]. After operation, 5 patients’ alopecia areata were improved in 6 thymoma patients with alopecia areata(83.33%, 5/6). Conclusion:The thymoma patients with alopecia areata always complicated with myasthenia gravis and other autoimmune diseases. The pathogenesis may be associated with autoimmune CD8 + T lymphocytes produced by thymoma. At present, surgery is still the most effective way to improve thymoma-associated alopecia areata.

Study on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes of 800 Children with Alopecia Areata Based on Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo study the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes of children with alopecia areata， and provide evidence for TCM differentiation and treatment in clinic. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 800 children with alopecia areata admitted to the Hair Medicine Center of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 1， 2012 to December 31， 2021. The clinical data of the children were collected using a four-examination information questionnaire， including clinical characteristics （age of consultation， age of onset， course of disease， family history， severity grading）， alopecia areata-related factors （triggers）， and four-examination information （including sleep， diet， emotions， bladder and bowel function， etc.）. Descriptive frequency analyses， rank sum tests， factor analyses and cluster analyses were performed， and the distribution of the major TCM syndromes was summarised with the clinical data. ResultsThere were 800 children with alopecia areata， including 449 males and 351 females； 8 cases （1.00%） were in infancy， 36 cases （4.50%） were in early childhood， 180 cases （22.50%） were in preschool， 380 cases （47.50%） were in school age， and 196 cases （24.50%） were in puberty at the time of consultation； the average age of consultation was 8.31±3.86 years， the average age of onset of disease was 5.40±3.82 years， and the average duration of disease was 2.94±2.77 years； 527 children （65.87%） with severe alopecia areata； 85 children （13.56%） had a family history of alopecia areata； 772 children （96.50%） had unknown triggers for their first alopecia areata， and 28 children （3.50%） reported the presence of obvious triggers， including fright （9 cases）， high fever （5 cases）， allergic reactions （4 cases）， micronutrient （zinc， iron， etc.） deficiencies （4 cases）， inappropriate diet （2 cases）， environmental factors （1 case， new house renovation）， atopic dermatitis （1 case）， atopic asthma （1 case）， and pneumonia （1 case）. A total of 40 four-examination information items were collected， among which the frequency of kicking quilts was the highest with 380 cases （47.50%）， followed by picky eating （369 cases， 46.13%）， sleeplessness （334 cases， 41.75%）， irritability （334 cases， 41.75%）， partiality towards certain foods （306 cases， 38.25%）， impulsiveness （297 cases， 37.13%）， dry stools （233 cases， 29.13%）， yellow urine （215 cases， 26.88%）， nail biting （213 cases， 26.63%）， bad breath （211 cases， 26.38%）. According to factor analysis and cluster analysis， five types of TCM syndromes were obtained， in order as qi and blood deficiency syndrome （110 cases， 13.75%）， spleen deficiency syndrome （114 cases， 14.25%）， kidney essence deficiency syndrome （140 cases， 17.50%）， dietary stagnation syndrome （150 cases， 18.75%）， and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome （286 cases， 35.75%）. Patients in each age group and SALT grading are mainly liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome. ConclusionThe TCM symptoms of children with alopecia areata are mainly based on qi and blood deficiency syndrome， spleen deficiency syndrome， kidney essence deficiency syndrome， dietary stagnation syndrome， and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome， of which liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome is the most common type at different ages and stages of the disease.

Analysis of influencing factors of female androgenetic alopecia in young women / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the related influencing factors of androgenic alopecia(AGA)in young women(FAGA).Methods A total of 296 cases of FAGA initially diagnosed in the dermatology clinic of this hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the observation group,and 296 young women without suffering from FAGA in the physical examination of this hospital at the same time were selected as the control group.The clinical data were compared between the two groups and the influencing factors causing FAGA in young women were analyzed.Results The familial inheritance history,often staying up,sleep disor-der,like to eat high carbohydrate food,like to eat high fat food,high mental stress,going on a diet,irregular menstruation,childbearing history and complicating other diseases had statistical differences between the two groups(P＜0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the familial inheritance history,often staying up,sleep disorder,like to eat high carbohydrate food,like to eat high fat food,high men-tal stress,going on a diet,irregular menstruation,childbearing history and complicating other diseases were the independent risk factors leading to FAGA(P＜0.05).Conclusion It is necessary to do a good job in the complicating disease screening of young female hair loss groups and pay attention to the related risk factors.

YANG Yu-Feng's Experience in Treating Seborrheic Alopecia Using the Method of Strengthening the Spleen,Dispelling Dampness,Controlling Oil and Removing Fat / 广州中医药大学学报

Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and clinical manifestations of seborrheic alopecia,Professor YANG Yu-Feng believes that the fundamental pathogenesis of seborrheic alopecia is due to spleen deficiency with dampness accumulation,and dampness and fat sharing the same origin.The internal accumulation of dampness and turbidity results from the deficiency of spleen,and then the dampness and turbidity blended with heat attack the head and face.For dampness and fat share the same origin,the turbid fat forms,and then overflows and blocks the hair roots,which causes the qi and blood being difficult to go upward and nourish the hair roots,and then induces hair loss.Among them,spleen deficiency with dampness accumulation is the core pathogenesis of the disease,heat activating the movement of dampness is the key pathogenesis to the disease,and the disharmony of qi and blood is the pivot of the pathogenesis.For the treatment of seborrheic alopecia,Professor YANG Yu-Feng suggested that the hair root should be unblocked and the hair quality should be nourished by blood essence,and emphasized the importance of the method of invigorating the spleen and removing dampness,controlling oil and removing fat in dredging the hair root and relieving seborrheic alopecia.It is proposed that invigorating the spleen and removing dampness is the key,expelling wind and clearing heat is for assistance,and harmonizing qi and blood serves as the pivot.

Adiponectin serum levels and ADIPOQ (rs2241766) polymorphism in alopecia areata Egyptian patients

Abstract Background Alopecia Areata (AA) is an acquired autoimmune form of non-scarring hair loss. Adiponectin and its gene polymorphism were related to many autoimmune disorders. Objective Assessment of adiponectin serum levels and adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) (rs2241766) Single Nucleoid Polymorphism (SNP) in AA patients and correlating the results with the disease severity in those patients. Methods This study included 75 AA patients and 75 age and gender-matched healthy subjects (controls). The severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score assessment to evaluate AA severity was done. Adiponectin serum levels by ELISA and ADIPOQ (rs2241766) SNP using PCR were performed. Results Adiponectin serum levels were significantly lower in AA patients than controls (p = 0.001). ADIPOQ (rs2241766) TG genotype and G allele were significantly predominant in AA patients increasing its risk by 5 and 4 folds (OR = 5.17, p = 0.001), (OR = 3.82, p = 0.001) respectively. Serum adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with SALT score (r = -0.435, p = 0.001) and associated with alopecia totalis (p = 0.016). ADIPOQ (rs2241766) TG genotype was significantly associated with low serum adiponectin levels and higher SALT score (p = 0.001). Study limitations The small sample size. Conclusions ADIPOQ (rs2241766) gene polymorphism (TG genotype and G allele) may modulate AA risk and contribute to the development of AA in Egyptian populations. Decreased circulating adiponectin levels may have a dynamic role in AA etiopathogenesis. Adiponectin serum concentration can be considered a severity marker of hair loss in AA.

Alopecia temporária após tratamento endovascular relacionada a uma malformação arteriovenosa em face: relato de caso / Temporary alopecia after endovascular treatment related to an arteriovenous malformation in the face: case report / Alopecia temporal posterior a tratamiento endovascular relacionado con malformación arteriovenosa en la cara: reporte de caso

Objetivo: relatar um caso de alopecia temporária após tratamento endovascular com exposição por fluoroscopia devido a uma malformação arteriovenosa na face. Detalhamento do caso: sexo masculino, 34 anos, com queixa de lesão na asa nasal, lábio superior e lateral da face (direita). O paciente trouxe exame de angioressonância apresentando uma malformação arteriovenosa em face com nutrição pela artéria facial e drenagem pela veia mandibular. Como tratamento foi optado uma arteriografia diagnóstica para melhor avaliação de vascularização da malformação arteriovenosa seguida de embolização com onyx® (mistura de etileno vinil álcool copolímero) que fornece o contraste necessário para a visibilização da mistura sob fluoroscopia. O procedimento foi realizado 14 dias após a 1ª consulta, sem intercorrências indicando sucesso terapêutico. No retorno, terceira semana após o procedimento, apresentou alopecia setorial em região occipitoparietal direita. Não havia manchas em região, bem como outros sintomas associados. Foi realizado como tratamento o uso de Minoxidil tópico e Cilostazol via oral. Após o tratamento houve retorno do crescimento espontâneo em cerca de 2 meses. Considerações finais: a embolização com onyx® mostrou-se uma valiosa opção terapêutica com uma maior conservação das estruturas nobres em malformações arteriovenosas, com baixa taxa de complicações no médio e longo prazo.

Objective: to report a case of temporary alopecia after endovascular treatment with fluoroscopy exposure due to an arteriovenous malformation on the face. Case detail: male, 34 years old, complaining of a lesion on the nasal wing, upper lip and side of the face (right). The patient brought an angioresonance exam showing an arteriovenous malformation in the face with nutrition through the facial artery and drainage through the mandibular vein. As a treatment, a diagnostic arteriography was chosen for a better assessment of the vascularity of the arteriovenous malformation followed by embolization with onyx® (mixture of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer), which provides the necessary contrast for visualization of the mixture under fluoroscopy. The procedure was performed 14 days after the 1st consultation, with no intercurrences indicating therapeutic success. On return, third week after the procedure, he presented sectoral alopecia in the right occipitoparietal region. There were no stains in the region, as well as other associated symptoms. The use of topical Minoxidil and oral Cilostazol was carried out as treatment. After treatment there was a return of spontaneous growth in about 2 months. Final considerations: embolization with onyx® proved to be a valuable therapeutic option with greater conservation of noble structures in arteriovenous malformations, with a low rate of complications in the medium and long term.

Objetivo: reportar un caso de alopecia transitoria posterior a tratamiento endovascular con exposición radioscópica debido a una malformación arteriovenosa en la cara. Detalle del caso: varón, 34 años, que se queja de una lesión en el ala nasal, labio superior y lado de la cara (derecha). El paciente trajo un examen de angiorresonancia que mostró una malformación arteriovenosa en la cara con nutrición a través de la arteria facial y drenaje a través de la vena mandibular. Como tratamiento se optó por una arteriografía diagnóstica para una mejor valoración de la vascularización de la malformación arteriovenosa seguida de embolización con onyx® (mezcla de copolímero de etileno alcohol vinílico), que proporciona el contraste necesario para la visualización de la mezcla bajo fluoroscopia. El procedimiento se realizó 14 días después de la 1.ª consulta, sin intercurrencias que indicaran éxito terapéutico. A su regreso, a la tercera semana del procedimiento, presenta alopecia sectorial en región occipitoparietal derecha. No había manchas en la región, así como otros síntomas asociados. Como tratamiento se realizó el uso de Minoxidil tópico y Cilostazol oral. Después del tratamiento hubo un retorno del crecimiento espontáneo en aproximadamente 2 meses. Consideraciones finales: la embolización con onyx® demostró ser una valiosa opción terapéutica con mayor conservación de las estructuras nobles en las malformaciones arteriovenosas, con una baja tasa de complicaciones a medio y largo plazo.

Clinical and metabolic characteristics of males with early-onset androgenetic alopecia

Background: Men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia (AGA) often have an abnormal hormonal milieu. Objective: To ascertain the clinico-phenotypic characteristics and the prevalence of hormonal and metabolic changes in men with early-onset AGA. Methods: Consecutive male patients less than 30 years of age with a Norwood-Hamilton grade ?3 AGA were recruited in this comparative cross-sectional study. After endocrine evaluation they were classified into two groups, that is, Group A consisting of subjects with an altered hormonal profile and Group B with normal hormonal profiles. The groups were assessed for differences in disease phenotype and severity (Norwood-Hamilton grade), insulin resistance and parameters of metabolic syndrome (ATP III guidelines). Results: Altered hormonal profiles were seen in 34 of the 100 subjects with AGA, while insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome were noted in 44 and 26 respectively. Altered hormonal profiles were significantly associated with insulin resistance and severe alopecia (grade 4 and above Hamilton-Norwood Scale). Insulin resistant Group A patients had a significantly higher prevalence of severe alopecia (>grade 4) (P = 0.0036). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was similar in both groups. Limitation: The cross sectional study design was a drawback of this study. Further, a control arm without AGA was not included and the sample size of 100 was selected arbitrarily. Conclusion: An altered hormonal profile and insulin resistance was noted in a third of the males with early-onset AGA. Subjects with altered hormonal profiles had a higher prevalence of insulin resistance and were likely to have severe grades of AGA

Alopecia androgénica en una paciente con lupus eritematoso sistémico

El cabello no solo es una cuestión de imagen personal, a continuación, se expone un caso clínico de una paciente con alopecia androgénica y lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) de larga data con resultados subóptimos luego de algunos tratamientos realizados con anterioridad, el manejo de la alopecia es un desafío médico pues no solo se trata de un padecimiento estético si no de posibles factores de riesgo para patologías psiquiátricas, por lo que es importante el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos. Existen numerosos tratamientos para la alopecia androgénica desde tratamientos tópicos, vía oral, mesoterapia, entre otros. En este caso en particular se presenta la respuesta satisfactoria tras el inicio de minoxidil vía oral y tópica.

Hair is not only a matter of personal image, below is a clinical case of a patient with long-standing androgenic alopecia and lupus with suboptimal results after some previous treatments, the management of alopecia is a medical challenge because it is not only an aesthetic condition but also possible risk factors for psychiatric pathologies, timely diagnosis and treatment is important. There are numerous treatments for androgenic alopecia from topical treatments, oral route and mesotherapy among others. In this particular case, a satisfactory response is presented after starting oral and topical minoxidil.

Female-pattern hair loss: therapeutic update

Abstract Female androgenetic alopecia or female-pattern hair loss (FPHL) is highly prevalent and has a great impact on the quality of life. The treatment is a routine challenge in dermatological practice, as many therapeutic options have a limited level of evidence and often do not meet patients expectations. Lack of knowledge of the pathogenesis of the hair miniaturization process and the factors that regulate follicular morphogenesis restricts the prospect of innovative therapies. There is also a lack of randomized, controlled studies with longitudinal follow-up, using objective outcomes and exploring the performance of the available treatments and their combinations. Topical minoxidil, which has been used to treat female pattern hair loss since the 1990s, is the only medication that has a high level of evidence and remains the first choice. However, about 40% of patients do not show improvement with this treatment. In this article, the authors critically discuss the main clinical and surgical therapeutic alternatives for FPHL, as well as present camouflage methods that can be used in more extensive or unresponsive cases.

Alopecia androgénica en una paciente con lupus eritematoso sistémico / Androgenic alopecia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

El cabello no solo es una cuestión de imagen personal, a continuación, se expone un caso clínico de una paciente con alopecia androgénica y lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) de larga data con resultados subóptimos luego de algunos tratamientos realizados con anterioridad, el manejo de la alopecia es un desafío médico pues no solo se trata de un padecimiento estético si no de posibles factores de riesgo para patologías psiquiátricas, por lo que es importante el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos. Existen numerosos tratamientos para la alopecia androgénica desde tratamientos tópicos, vía oral, mesoterapia, entre otros. En este caso en particular se presenta la respuesta satisfactoria tras el inicio de minoxidil vía oral y tópica.

Hair is not only a matter of personal image, below is a clinical case of a patient with long-standing androgenic alopecia and lupus with suboptimal results after some previous treatments, the management of alopecia is a medical challenge because it is not only an aesthetic condition but also possible risk factors for psychiatric pathologies, timely diagnosis and treatment is important. There are numerous treatments for androgenic alopecia from topical treatments, oral route and mesotherapy among others. In this particular case, a satisfactory response is presented after starting oral and topical minoxidil.

Unscrewing the DHT-Blocking Properties of Allium cepa Extract: Virtual Screening of Active Compounds Against 5-Alpha Reductase and Evaluation of ADME/T Properties of Compounds

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) occurs in genetically prone men and women and is defined by pattern-related, non-scarring hair follicle shrinkage. It is estimated that up to 80% of men and 50% of women will be affected by AGA at some stage in their lives. The underlying pathophysiology may be traced back to the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase, which is responsible for the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a more powerful androgen, and its accumulation in hair follicles leads to hair loss. The therapeutic approach for treating AGA mainly relies on the inhibition of 5-alpha- reductase. Allium cepa (onion) extract is in trend as a natural remedy for the treatment of AGA. The study aims at in-silico and ADME/T analysis of active compounds present in onion extract against 5-alpha-reductase to evaluate and visualize protein-ligand interaction.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in patients with alopecia areata: A comparative cross-sectional study

Background: Alopecia areata is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition. Aim: To evaluate the serum oxidative stress markers and antioxidant capacity in patients with alopecia areata. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients with alopecia areata and 40 healthy controls. The fasting blood sugar, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, and serum oxidative markers, including advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products, were measured in this study. Also, antioxidant enzymes, including paraoxonase-1, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and serum ferric-reducing antioxidant power, were determined. Results: The serum levels of advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products were significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P < 0.001), whereas the levels of ferric-reducing antioxidant power, paraoxonase-1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase were significantly lower in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls (P < 0.001). The mean fasting blood sugar level was significantly higher in patients with alopecia areata, compared to the controls. The ferric reducing antioxidant power level was significantly associated with the percentage of hair loss (P = 0.01, r = 0.4) and the serum C-reactive protein level (P = 0.03, r = –0.3) in patients with alopecia areata. Limitations: Since the current study had a cross-sectional design, no cause-effect relationship was established between alopecia areata and oxidative stress. The sample size of our study was also small. Conclusion: Based on the present results, the oxidant-antioxidant enzymatic system is impaired in alopecia areata due to the increased oxidative products and decreased antioxidant activity

THE ROLE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA: A COMPREHENSIVE NARRATIVE REVIEW

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a promising treatment in regenerative medicine for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). PRP, derived from the patient's blood, contains a concentrated platelet fraction rich in growth factors and bioactive molecules that aid in tissue repair and wound healing. When PRP is administered, these factors are released, stimulating hair growth and regeneration. PRP's mechanism of action involves the release of growth factors like PDGF, TGF-β, VEGF, and IGF, which promote cell proliferation, activate dormant hair follicles, and induce hair cycle growth. PRP also reduces inammation, promotes angiogenesis, and may inhibit 5-alpha reductase activity, which contributes to AGA. By understanding these mechanisms, PRP can be optimized for effective hair restoration therapies in AGA

Manifestaciones dermatológicas en pacientes oncológicos pediátricos en un hospital de tercer nivel de Honduras / Dermatological manifestations in pediatric oncology patients in a tertiary hospital in Honduras

Antecedentes: Los pacientes oncológicos pediátricos pueden desarrollar lesiones dermatológicas secundario a terapia antineoplásica, afectando piel, cabello y uñas. Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones dermatológicas en los pacientes oncológicos pediátricos hospitalizados. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal llevado a cabo en sala de Hemato- Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Escuela, período enero-junio 2022. Fueron incluidos 86 pacientes que presentaron manifestaciones dermatológicas durante el período del estudio. Para el análisis se generaron resultados como frecuencias, porcentajes y estadística descriptiva. La proporción de pacientes con manifestaciones dermatológicas se determinó como número total de pacientes con diagnósticos dermatológicos en el período del estudio/número total de pacientes hospitalizados en la sala de Hemato-Oncología Pediátrica multiplicado por 100. Resultados: La edad media fue 9.4 años (DS +/-5.0; rango: 5 meses-18 años). Predominó sexo masculino 62.8% (54/86), procedencia de Francisco Morazán 41.9% (36/86) y ambiente rural 53.5% (46/86). El diagnóstico oncológico fue leucemia linfoblástica aguda 60.5% (52/86), la clasificación fue malignidades hematológicas 67.4% (58/86). El principal fármaco oncológico administrado fue Vincristina 76.7% (76/86). El principal agente antineoplásico administrado fue alcaloides vegetales 75.6% (65/86). El tipo de lesión eritema 38.5% (34/86); la localización de la lesión fue en piel 47.6% (41/86). El diagnóstico dermatológico fue alopecia y mucositis 36.0% (31/86) respectivamente. La proporción de lesiones dermatológicas fue de 65.1% (86/132) y fueron clasificadas como secundarias al tratamiento oncológico 82.6% (71/86). Discusión: La proporción de lesiones dermatológicas fue 65%, siendo las principales manifestaciones alopecia y mucositis, posiblemente secundario a la administración de terapia antineoplásica específicamente alcaloides vegetales, similar a lo reportado en la literatura...(AU)

Manifestaciones dermatológicas en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico, estudio de 5 años

Introducción: Las manifestaciones dermatológicas constituyen un grupo fundamental dentro de la morbilidad extraarticular en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico. Su importancia radica en la elevada frecuencia de presentación y en el papel diagnóstico de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones dermatológicas identificadas en pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico. Métodos: Investigación básica, descriptiva, transversal, que tuvo como universo a 87 pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico, según criterios del Colegio Americano de Reumatología, atendidos durante el periodo junio 2017 - junio 2022 en la consulta externa de reumatología de la Clínica Metropolitana de la ciudad de Riobamba. La muestra quedó conformada por 72 pacientes a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta para obtener información relacionada con las características generales de los pacientes y de la enfermedad. Resultados: Promedio de edad de 40,59 años, predominio de pacientes entre 40 y 49 años (30,56 %), del sexo femenino (95,83 %) y con tiempo de evolución entre 1 y 5 años (62,50 %). El 86,11 % de los pacientes refirió manifestaciones dermatológicas, el rash malar (74,19 %) y el livedo reticular (33,87 %) fueron las de mayor frecuencia de presentación. El 65,30 % de los casos usan protección solar, el bloqueador solar fue el más utilizado (61,70 %). Conclusiones: Las manifestaciones dermatológicas más frecuentes en el curso evolutivo del lupus fueron el rash malar, livedo reticular y la alopecia.

Introduction: Dermatological manifestations constitute a fundamental group within extra-articular morbidity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Its importance lies in the high frequency of presentation and in the diagnostic role of the disease. Objective: To describe the dermatological manifestations identified in patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: Basic, descriptive, cross-sectional research, whose universe was 87 patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, treated during the period June 2017 - June 2022 in the rheumatology outpatient clinic of the Metropolitan Clinic. from the city of Riobamba. The sample was made up of 72 patients to whom a survey was applied to obtain information related to the general characteristics of the patients and the disease. Results: Average age of 40.59 years, predominance of patients between 40 and 49 years (30.56%), female (95.83%) and with evolution time between 1 and 5 years (62.50%). 86.11% of the patients reported dermatological manifestations, malar rash (74.19%) and livedo reticularis (33.87%) were the most frequently present. 65.30% of the cases used sun protection, being sunscreen the most used (61.70%). Conclusions: Dermatological manifestations are frequent in the evolutionary course of lupus, predominantly malar rash, livedo reticularis and alopecia.

Pedaço arrancado de mim: mulheres com alopecia por quimioterapia antineoplásica / Pieza rotada de mí: mujeres con alopecia mediante quimioterapia antineoplástica / Piece torn from me: women with alopecia through antineoplastic chemotherapy

Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções de mulheres sobre a autoimagem alterada após alopecia por quimioterapia antineoplásica. Método: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em um hospital oncológico no Pará. Participaram 30 mulheres com alopecia por quimioterapia antineoplásica. Os dados foram produzidos no período de julho a agosto de 2021, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Analisaram-se os dados sob os preceitos da Análise de conteúdo associada com o software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: Identificaram-se 17 mulheres com idade entre 44 e 56 anos (56,66%), com parceiro fixo (66,66%); católica (89,99%); com renda damiliar menor que um e até dois salários mínimos (63,33%). Dentre as cinco classes geradas pelo IRAMUTEQ, duas serão analisadas neste artigo: a percepção da mulher sobre a perda do cabelo e o cabelo como significado de feminilidade. Conclusão: As mulheres com autoimagens alteradas após a alopecia são protagonistas de enfrentamentos físicos e psicológicos que pode impactar negativamente as percepções sobre a aparência

Objective: To know the perceptions of women about the altered self-image after alopecia by antineoplastic chemotherapy. Method: Descriptive, qualitative study carried out in an oncology hospital in the state of Pará. Thirty women with alopecia from antineoplastic chemotherapy participated.Data were produced from July to August 2021, through individual interviews with a semi-structured script. Data were analyzed under the precepts of Content Analysis associated with the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: We identified 17 women aged between 44 and 56 years (56.66%), with a steady partner (66.66%); Catholic (89.99%); with household income below one and up to two minimum wages (63.33%). Among the five classes generated by IRAMUTEQ, two will be analyzed in this article "the woman's perception of hair loss" and "the hair as a meaning of femininity". Conclusion: Women with altered self-images after alopecia are protagonists of physical and psychological confrontations that can negatively impact perceptions about appearance.

Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de las mujeres sobre la autoimagen alterada tras la alopecia por quimioterapia antineoplásica. Método: Estudio cualitativo descriptivo realizado en un hospital de oncología en el estado de Pará. Participaron 30 mujeres con alopecia por quimioterapia antineoplásica. Los datos fueron producidos de julio a agosto de 2021, a través de entrevistas individuales con guión semiestructurado. Los datos fueron analizados bajo los preceptos de Análisis de Contenido asociados al software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: Se identificaron 17 mujeres con edad entre 44 y 56 años (56,66%), con pareja estable (66,66%); católica (89,99%); con renta familiar inferior a uno y hasta dos salarios mínimos (63,33%). De las cinco clases generadas por IRAMUTEQ, dos serán analizadas en este artículo "la percepción de la caída del cabello por parte de la mujer" y "el cabello como significado de la feminidad". Conclusión: Las mujeres con autoimagen alterada tras la alopecia son protagonistas de enfrentamientos físicos y psicológicos que pueden impactar negativamente en las percepciones sobre la apariencia. Descriptores: Alopecia; Neoplasias; Oncología; Salud de la mujer.

Procedimentos estéticos com ênfase na queda capilar / Aesthetic procedures with emphasis on hair loss / Procedimientos estéticos con énfasis en la caída del cabello

A beleza está diretamente ligada ao aspecto dos cabelos, em todos os tempos e todas as culturas. O cabelo ao longo da vida é sujeito a vários tipos de mudanças, sejam elas naturais ou artificiais, conduzidas por uma vontade de mudar, muitas vezes, seja por representar uma nova fase, como também é símbolo de autocuidado, vaidade, sucesso, possuem significativa importância na aparência e autoestima das pessoas e, por isso, a queda capilar pode atingir a qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar procedimentos estéticos minimamente invasivos e não cirúrgicos com ênfase na queda capilar. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa, de caráter descritivo nas principais bases de dados em saúde: SciELO, Google Acadêmico, PubMed e livros de medicina, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, considerando o período de 2007 a 2022. De acordo com o último censo da Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, a queixa de alopecia está entre as dez mais frequentes nos consultórios dermatológicos. As doenças capilares mais importantes estão divididas em dois grupos, as cicatriciais quando a perda de cabelo é acompanhada por cicatrizes resultando em calvície permanente, e as não cicatriciais onde a calvície não é permanente levando a diminuição e o afinamento gradual do cabelo. A alopecia não cicatricial é a mais frequente e as mais comuns entre elas são a alopecia androgenética e o eflúvio telógeno. Muitos pacientes procuram tratamento para melhorar a aparência e a autoestima, que podem estar relacionados a quadros de ansiedade e depressão. Esses tratamentos devem ser individualizados, onde se deve avaliar as características individuais de cada paciente. Os tratamentos capilares estéticos podem contribuir de forma significativa para a redução da baixa autoestima, contribuindo para recuperação da autoconfiança através do crescimento capilar proporcionado pela estética. Sendo assim, conclui-se que os resultados coletados na revisão de literatura foram satisfatórios, de forma onde mostra que os medicamentos, suplementos e tratamentos estéticos na queda capilar vem evoluindo cada vez mais. Contudo, mais estudos acerca do assunto são necessários.

Beauty is directly linked to the appearance of hair, in all times and all cultures. Hair throughout life is subject to various types of changes, whether natural or artificial, driven by a desire to change, often because it represents a new phase, as it is also a symbol of self-care, vanity, success, they have significant importance in people's appearance and self-esteem and, therefore, hair loss can affect the individual's quality of life. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate minimally invasive and non- surgical aesthetic procedures with an emphasis on hair loss. To this end, an integrative bibliographic review was carried out, of a descriptive nature, in the main health databases: SciELO, Google Scholar, PubMed and medical books, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, considering the period from 2007 to 2022. According to the latest census by the Brazilian Society of Dermatology, the complaint of alopecia is among the ten most frequent complaints in dermatological offices. The most important hair diseases are divided into two groups, scarring when hair loss is accompanied by scars resulting in permanent baldness, and non-scarring where baldness is not permanent leading to gradual thinning and thinning of the hair. Non-scarring alopecia is the most frequent and the most common among them are androgenetic alopecia and telogen effluvium. Many patients seek treatment to improve their appearance and self-esteem, which may be related to anxiety and depression. These treatments must be individualized, where the individual characteristics of each patient must be evaluated. Aesthetic hair treatments can contribute significantly to reducing low self-esteem, contributing to the recovery of self-confidence through hair growth provided by aesthetics. Therefore, it is concluded that the results collected in the literature review were satisfactory, in a way that shows that medicines, supplements and aesthetic treatments in hair loss have been evolving more and more. However, more studies on the subject are needed.

La belleza está directamente ligada al aspecto del cabello, en todos los tiempos y en todas las culturas. El cabello a lo largo de la vida está sujeto a diversos tipos de cambios, ya sean naturales o artificiales, impulsados por un deseo de cambio, a menudo, ya sea para representar una nueva etapa, como también es un símbolo de auto- cuidado, la vanidad, el éxito, tienen una importancia significativa en la apariencia y la autoestima de las personas y, por lo tanto, la pérdida del cabello puede afectar la calidad de vida del individuo. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los procedimientos estéticos mínimamente invasivos y no quirúrgicos con énfasis en la pérdida de cabello. Para ello, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica descriptiva integradora en las principales bases de datos de salud: SciELO, Google Scholar, PubMed y libros de medicina, en portugués, inglés y español, considerando el período de 2007 a 2022. Según el último censo de la Sociedad Brasileña de Dermatología, la queja de alopecia está entre las diez más frecuentes en las consultas de dermatología. Las enfermedades capilares más importantes se dividen en dos grupos, las cicatriciales, cuando la caída del cabello va acompañada de cicatrices que dan lugar a una calvicie permanente, y las no cicatriciales, cuando la calvicie no es permanente, dando lugar a un adelgazamiento y reducción gradual del cabello. Las alopecias no cicatriciales son las más frecuentes y entre ellas destacan la alopecia androgenética y el efluvio telógeno. Muchos pacientes buscan tratamiento para mejorar su aspecto y autoestima, que pueden estar relacionados con la ansiedad y la depresión. Estos tratamientos deben ser individualizados, donde se deben evaluar las características individuales de cada paciente. Los tratamientos capilares estéticos pueden contribuir significativamente a la reducción de la baja autoestima, contribuyendo a la recuperación de la confianza en uno mismo gracias al crecimiento del cabello que proporciona la estética. Por lo tanto, se concluye que los resultados recogidos en la revisión bibliográfica fueron satisfactorios, mostrando que los medicamentos, suplementos y tratamientos estéticos para la caída del cabello están evolucionando cada vez más. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios sobre el tema.

Effect study of Sonic hedgehog overexpressed hair follicle stem cells in hair follicle regeneration / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the expression level of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the passage of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs), analyze the effect of Shh overexpression on the proliferation activity of HFSCs, and explore the survival of HFSCs after Shh overexpression and its effect on hair follicle regeneration.@*METHODS@#Hair follicles from the normal area (H1 group) and alopecia area (H2 group) of the scalp donated by 20 female alopecia patients aged 40-50 years old were taken, and the middle part of the hair follicle was cut under the microscope to culture, and the primary HFSCs were obtained and passaged; the positive markers (CD29, CD71) and negative marker (CD34) on the surface of the fourth generation HFSCs were identified by flow cytometry. The two groups of HFSCs were transfected with Shh-overexpressed lentivirus. Flow cytometry and cell counting kit 8 assay were used to detect the cell cycle changes and cell proliferation of HFSCs before and after transfection, respectively. Then the HFSCs transfected with Shh lentivirus were transplanted subcutaneously into the back of nude mice as the experimental group, and the same amount of saline was injected as the control group. At 5 weeks after cell transplantation, the expression of Shh protein in the back skin tissue of nude mice was detected by Western blot. HE staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to compare the number of hair follicles and the survival of HFSCs between groups.@*RESULTS@#The isolated and cultured cells were fusiform and firmly attached to the wall; flow cytometry showed that CD29 and CD71 were highly expressed on the surface of the cells, while CD34 was lowly expressed, suggesting that the cultured cells were HFSCs. The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot showed that the expression levels of Shh protein and gene in the 4th, 7th, and 10th passages of cells in H1 and H2 groups decreased gradually with the prolongation of culture time in vitro. After overexpression of Shh, the proliferation activity of HFSCs in the two groups was significantly higher than that in the blank group (not transfected with lentivirus) and the negative control group (transfected with negative control lentivirus), and the proliferation activity of HFSCs in H1 group was significantly higher than that in H2 group before and after transfection, showing significant differences ( P<0.05). At 5 weeks after cell transplantation, Shh protein was stably expressed in the dorsal skin of each experimental group; the number of hair follicles and the expression levels of HFSCs markers (CD71, cytokeratin 15) in each experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the number of hair follicles and the expression levels of HFSCs markers in H1 group were significantly higher than those in H2 group, and the differences were significant ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Lentivirus-mediated Shh can be successfully transfected into HFSCs, the proliferation activity of HFSCs significantly increase after overexpression of Shh, which can secrete and express Shh continuously and stably, and promote hair follicle regeneration by combining the advantages of stem cells and Shh.

Anti-androgen drugs in the treatment of skin diseases / 中华皮肤科杂志

Androgens are important sex hormones in the body, and are involved in the occurrence and development of various skin diseases, such as acne, androgenetic alopecia, hirsutism. Anti-androgen drugs can act on different sites in the androgen synthesis and functional pathways to antagonize the effects of androgens, and can be used in the alleviation and treatment of related diseases. In recent years, some research progress has been made in the treatment of skin diseases with anti-androgen drugs. For example, clascoterone is a first-in-class topical drug in the treatment of acne in the last 40 years, dutasteride can be applied in male patients aged over 20 years with androgenetic alopecia, and topical finasteride is markedly effective for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia, as well as idiopathic hirsutism in females. This review summarizes research progress in anti-androgen drugs in the treatment of skin diseases in recent years.