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Objective To design an enhanced postoperative recovery checklist for the patients who had surgery for laryngeal cancer,hence to instruct the patient with a standard procedure in rehabilitation.Methods A total of 72 patients who had surgery for laryngeal cancer in our department from April 2020 and April 2021 were enrolled as study subjects for a controlled study before and after surgery of different patients.A total of 37 patients who had surgery between April and September 2020 were assigned in the control group,while another 37 patients who had the surgery between October 2020 and April 2021 were assigned in the trial group.Patients in the control group were managed with a routine enhanced perioperative recovery plan,and those in the trial group were managed with the checklist,which was drafted by modification and improvement of the routine enhanced perioperative recovery plan through literature reviews and expert consultations.The two groups were compared in terms of the standardised rate of enhanced recovery compliance,medical staff satisfaction,average hospital-stay and patient satisfaction.Results The trial group showed significant improvement in comparison with the control group in terms of the standardised rate of enhanced recovery compliance(93.28%versus 84.08%),score of satisfaction level[(95.57±2.25)versus(92.60±2.49)],score of doctor satisfaction[(35.75±0.89)versus(32.88±1.50)],and the score of nurse satisfaction[(35.45±1.10)versus(33.00±1.30)](all P<0.05).The average hospital-stay in the trial group was significantly shorter than that in the control group[(9.89±3.32)days versus(12.60±4.33)days](P<0.05).Conclusion The designed checklist can improve the standardised rate of enhanced recovery compliance,the satisfaction of both medical staff and patients and facilitate the recovery of patient.
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Objective@#To evaluate the clinical efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances without brackets for the distal movement of maxillary molars to improve the ability of orthodontists to predict treatment outcomes.@*Methods@#Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Database, CNKI Database, and VIP Database were searched for studies investigating the efficacy of invisible orthodontic appliances for distal movement of maxillary molars in adult patients and published from database inception to August 1, 2023. A total of three researchers screened the studies and evaluated their quality and conducted a meta-analysis of those that met quality standards.@*Results@#This study included 13 pre- and postcontrol trials with a total sample size of 281 patients. The meta-analysis revealed no significant differences in the sagittal or vertical parameters of the jawbone after treatment when compared with those before treatment (P>0.05). The displacement of the first molar was MD=-2.34, 95% CI (-2.83, -1.85); the displacement was MD=-0.95, 95% CI (-1.34, -0.56); and the inclination was MD=-2.51, 95% CI (-3.56, -1.46). There was a statistically significant difference in the change in sagittal, vertical, and axial tilt of the first molar before and after treatment. After treatment, the average adduction distance of the incisors was MD=-0.82, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.09), and the decrease in lip inclination was MD=-1.61, 95% CI (-2.86, -0.36); these values were significantly different from those before treatment (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Invisible orthodontic appliances can effectively move the upper molars in a distal direction and control the vertical position of the molars. When the molars move further away, there is some degree of compression and distal tilt movement, which is beneficial for patients with high angles. The sagittal movement of incisors is beneficial for improving the patient's profile.
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Objective To explore the effect of gum chewing combined with in-bed bicycle pedalling exercises on puerpera in first flatus and early ambulation after caesarean section so as to provide an effective approach to promoting maternal recovery after caesarean section.Methods A total of 80 puerpera from a general hospital in Guangzhou were selected as the study subjects by convenience sampling method.The puerpera who received caesarean section between October and December 2021were assigned to the control group(n=40)and the puerpera who received caesarean section between January to March 2022 were assigned to the observation group(n=40).Puerpera in the control group received routine nursing,while those in the intervention group were treated with a combination of gum chewing and in-bed bicycle pedalling exercises.The time of the first flatus and the time of ambulation 24 hours after intervention were observed and compared between the groups.Results All puerpera in the two groups completed the study.The time of the first flatus in the observation group was significantly earlier than that in the control group(25.63±11.39 hours vs.30.85±10.65 hours,P<0.05).The time for first ambulation in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group(34.89±4.83 h vs.39.0±4.15,P<0.05).Conclusions Gum chewing combined with bicycle-pedalling exercises can help an early flatus,help puerpera to achieve an earlier ambulation,and improve early rehabilitation after caesarean section.The method is simple,feasible,comfortable,safe and easy to be accepted.
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【Objective】 To analyze the basic characteristics of whole blood donors from blood stations before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. 【Methods】 After excluding invalid data, data related to the basic characteristics of whole blood donors collected from 26 blood stations in China during 2018 to 2021 were statistically analyzed, including the trend of total whole blood donors, the number of repeated blood donors, the frequency of blood donation, the average age of donors and the recruitment of first-time blood donors. 【Results】 Affected by the epidemic, 8 out of 14 indicators were with large variations, accounting for 57%. The overall growth rate of total whole blood donors during the epidemic was higher than before the epidemic (P<0.05).The number of repeated blood donors has shown an increased trend, with a higher number during the epidemic than before (P<0.05). The frequency of blood donation was lower during the epidemic than before(P<0.05).Average ages of blood donors and female blood donors fluctuated widely during the epidemic, both higher than those before the epidemic(P<0.05).The donation rate of first-time blood donors <25 years old and ≥25 years old varied widely and irregularly during the epidemic (both P<0.05). The percentage of first-time blood donors fluctuated irregularly during the epidemic, with overall percentage lower than that before the epidemic(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Whole blood donors from 26 blood stations increased after the outbreak of COVID-19, and some indicators in certain areas showed significant fluctuations during the epidemic.
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Resumo Este artigo tem como ponto de partida uma reflexão sobre a produção de imagens e narrativas circunscritas em torno do dispositivo antes e depois. Argumenta que a divulgação de padrões estéticos, especialmente nas redes sociais, opera de modo a prescrever uma necessária transformação e aprimoramento de si. Analisa relatos de experiências de mulheres que realizaram a chamada cirurgia íntima (ninfoplastia ou redução dos pequenos lábios vaginais) com a intenção de melhoria estética. Os depoimentos provêm de um grupo de discussão em torno desses procedimentos na internet. Nos casos em que as intervenções cirúrgicas são avaliadas negativamente, o antes e depois não se realizam da forma prevista. Nesse cenário, as mulheres tendem a ressignificar a necessidade da cirurgia e a reconhecer a imposição, por parte da sociedade, de padrões corporais idealizados. Este processo é discutido por meio do debate acerca do pós-feminismo e constrangimentos de gênero.
Abstract This article analyzes the production of images and narratives circumscribed around the dispositive before and after. It argues that the dissemination of aesthetic standards, especially on social networks, operates in order to prescribe a necessary transformation and improvement of the self. It analyzes reports of experiences of women who underwent the so-called intimate surgery (nymphoplasty or reduction of the labia minora) with the intention of aesthetic improvement. The testimonies come from a discussion group around these procedures on the internet. In cases where surgical interventions are negatively evaluated, the before and after are not performed as expected. In this scenario, women tend to resignify the need for surgery and recognize the imposition, by society, of idealized body standards. This process is discussed through the debate about post-feminism and gender constraints.
Resumen Este artículo tiene como punto de partida una reflexión sobre la producción de imágenes y narrativas circunscritas en torno al dispositivo antes y después. Argumenta que la difusión de normas estéticas, especialmente en las redes sociales, opera para prescribir una necesaria transformación y mejora del yo. Analiza relatos de experiencias de mujeres que se sometieron a la llamada cirugía íntima (ninfoplastía o reducción de labios menores) con la intención de mejorar estéticamente. Los testimonios provienen de un grupo de discusión sobre estos procedimientos en Internet. En los casos en que las intervenciones quirúrgicas son evaluadas negativamente, el antes y el después no se realizan como se esperaba. En ese escenario, las mujeres tienden a resignificar la necesidad de la cirugía y reconocen la imposición, por parte de la sociedad, de patrones corporales idealizados. Este proceso se discute a través del debate sobre el posfeminismo y las restricciones de género.
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Humans , Female , Patient Satisfaction , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Sexuality/psychology , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Social Media/trendsABSTRACT
A 40-year-old woman had suffered from genital herpes twice a year since approximately age 25 years. A year and a half before her first visit to our department, the frequency of her genital herpes had increased from 2 to 5 times a month. Continuous suppressive antiviral medication had not worked, and the patient was referred to our department. We discontinued the anti-herpes medication, and started treatment with Kampo (Japanese herbal) medicine. Initially, the patient’s symptoms did not improve with tokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto for coldness of the hands and feet or hochuekkito for general fatigue. Then, on the basis of her symptoms of irritability, nightmares, dry skin and hair loss, we changed her prescription to juzentaihoto before meals and saikokeishikankyoto after meals. The frequency of genital herpes thereafter gradually decreased, and finally no further recurrences of herpes were observed as long as the patient was taking these two medicines. This result showed that some patients with recurrent genital herpes who fail to respond to antiviral therapy could be managed with Kampo medicine alone.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of intervention on oral health of pre-pregnancy women before and after oral health education. Methods:A total of 40 pre-pregnancy women were selected from the Reproductive Medicine Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University according to the inclusion criteria， general conditions， clinical evaluation of plaque and oral health education. Their oral health conditions were evaluated before and after oral health intervention. Results:Based on the oral health status survey， there were significant differences between before and after intervention （all P<0.001） in the following five items： “bleeding from brushing teeth”， “difficulty biting or chewing food”， “sensitivity of teeth or gums to cold， hot， or sweet stimuli”， "restriction of the type and amount of food eaten for dental reasons” and “medication for oral pain or discomfort”. There were significant differences between before and after intervention （all P<0.001） in four items of oral health care behavior including “How often do you brush your teeth？”， “How do you brush your teeth？”， “gargle after meals”， and “floss use or not” but showed no significant difference in toothbrush replacement （P=0.467）. There were significant differences （all P<0.001） in five items of oral health knowledge including “periodontal disease can lead to premature delivery of newborns”， “periodontal disease can lead to low birth weight of newborns”， “need oral examination before pregnancy”， “pregnancy prone to oral diseases”， “mid-pregnancy is the best period for the treatment of oral diseases”. The oral plaque index before intervention was 5.47±1.08 and reduced to 4.37±0.94 after intervention （t=7.93， P=0.001）. Conclusion:Through education intervention， the oral health status of pre-pregnancy women can be improved. The knowledge of oral health can be improved and the level of oral health care can be enhanced. Oral health intervention can effectively reduce the level of plaque in pre-pregnancy women and improve the efficiency of plaque clearance.
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Introduction: A healthy oral cavity aids a subject inperforming their routine body functions, which in turn helpsin providing adequate nutrition to the body. For the occurrenceof periodontal pathologies and dental caries, one of themajor risk factors is poor oral hygiene. The importance oforal hygiene cannot be detached from the general context ofadolescence. Adolescence has the capability of independentlyattaining adequate oral hygiene but self-awareness is missingin adolescence.Material and methods: The present cross-sectionalstudy was conducted among 12 to 15 years old 199 schoolchildren of Lucknow semi-urban area using a self-structuredquestionnaire. List of schools in the periphery of Lucknowwas searched and 8 schools were chosen using simplerandom technique (2 from every direction). Selected subjectswere analyzed for basic oral health knowledge, attitude,and practices of oral hygiene using the self-structuredquestionnaire. The oral hygiene status was evaluated usingsimplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S). Oral prophylaxiswas performed and oral health education was given to all thesubjects, using a power point presentation, and tooth brushingmodel. All subjects were reassessed after 4 weeks. The valueswere compared.Results: 199 students were present on both the day ofexamination. All the subjects were taken from 6th and 7thstandard falling into the age range of 12 to 15 years. Significantimprovement in OHI-S scores (before-2.62, After – 1.11) wasobserved in this study. Difference in the number of subjectsgiving correct answer at baseline and second visit was alsosignificant showing improvement in their knowledge andpractice of oral hygiene.Conclusion: School based oral health education program is acost effective strategy which can be implemented using veryless infrastructure and personnel. This study also showed thatoral health education program can improve the knowledge,attitude and practice regarding oral hygiene maintenance.Thus this kind of programs should be conducted regularly inschools.
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BACKGROUND@#Soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) infections are among the most common infections worldwide and affect the most deprived communities. Adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) prevents environmental contamination, thereby preventing transmission of STH. Cognizant of this, WASH education was implemented in rural Dembiya to reduce intestinal parasitic infections. This study was, therefore, conducted to assess the impacts of the intervention on households' WASH conditions and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections.@*METHOD@#An uncontrolled before-and-after intervention study was used. Cross-sectional studies were done before and after the intervention. Two hundred twenty-five and 302 under five children were recruited randomly at the baseline and endline, respectively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and observational checklists. Direct stool examination and Kato-Katz methods were used to identify parasites in the stool. We used percent point change and prevalence ratio (PR) to see the effects of the intervention on WASH conditions and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections respectively. Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to test for statistically significant percentage point changes of WASH conditions. The effect of the intervention on intestinal parasitic infections was statistically tested on the basis of PR with 95% confidence interval (CI).@*RESULTS@#The baseline prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 25.8%, and the endline prevalence was 23.8%. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was not significantly decreased at the endline compared with the baseline [PR = 0.92, 95% CI = (0.62, 1.38)]. Ascaris Lumbricoides was the most prevalent parasitic infection both at the baseline and endline. The proportion of children who had good hygienic condition increased from 1.3% at the baseline to 34.4% at the end line (p < 0.05). The percentage of mothers/care givers who washed hands at different pick times was significantly increased from 24.4% at the baseline to 68.2% at the endline (p < 0.001). The proportion of households who practiced home-based water treatment was significantly increased from 7.6% at the baseline to 47% at the endline (p < 0.001). The proportion of households who used sanitary latrine was increased from 32% at the baseline to 49% at the endline (p < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#This before-and-after intervention study found that households' WASH performance was significantly improved at the endline compared with the baseline. The endline prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was slightly lower than the baseline prevalence; however, the reduction was not statistically significant. The local health office needs to strengthen the WASH education program, mobilize the community to construct WASH facilities, and support the community to sustain households' WASH performance.
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Adult , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drinking Water , Parasitology , Reference Standards , Ethiopia , Epidemiology , Family Characteristics , Feces , Parasitology , Health Behavior , Physiology , Health Education , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Helminthiasis , Epidemiology , Hygiene , Education , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Epidemiology , Prevalence , Rural Population , Sanitation , Soil , Parasitology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective: To screen the frosting qualitymarkers (Q-marker) of Mori Foliumand identify Mori Folium after frost. Method: The HPLC-DAD-MSn fingerprints of Mori Folium before and after frost were established,the common peaks were markedand the characteristic components were selected by orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The components with a large content change were used as marker components,and the relatively stable component was used as an internal reference component. The ratio of the marker components to the peak area of the internal reference component was used as component characteristic to identify the frost of Mori Folium,andqualitative study of frosting markerswere performed by MSn and authentic standards. Result: The fingerprints were established and 33 common peaks were marked. Through OPLS-DA,peaks 1,23,14 were determined as marker components,peak 12 was determined as internal reference component. The frosting quality markers of Mori Folium were characterized as citric acid derivatives,saponin F,tryptophan and neochlorogenic acid by MSn and standards. The ratios of the peak areas of citric acid derivatives,saponin F,tryptophan and neochlorogenic acid before and after frost were 0.15±0.054,1.0±0.48; 0.14±0.073,0.98±0.48,0.13±0.088,0.89±0.49,respectively. Conclusion: In the fingerprints established in this study,the peak area ratios of citric acid derivatives,saponin F,tryptophan to new chlorogenic acid had specificity,which can be used as frosting quality markers for identification of Mori Folium. This study expanded the connotation of the Q-marker specificity of traditional Chinese medicine. The results can provide experimental data for the quality evaluation and drug-forming properties of Mori Folium,and provide reference for similar research.
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Introducción. El Sobrepeso y la obesidad se consideran un problema de salud pública, por su creciente incidencia en la población adolescente. Para hacerle frente se cuenta con la promoción de estilos de vida saludables como vía para mantener y alcanzar la salud de los jóvenes que se encuentran con exceso de peso. El reconocimiento de fortalezas desde la gestión del joven, se constituye en una propuesta para cambiar o mejorar comportamientos en nutrición y actividad física del adolescente, es así como las cogniciones relativas a la conducta: percepción de barreras y beneficios para el consumo de frutas y verduras y para el ejercicio y la percepción de autoeficacia se consideran como factores que modulan las percepciones de los adolescentes y conducen al cambio o modificación de comportamiento. En la revisión de la literatura no se encontró evidencia de intervenciones multicomponente: cognitiva, motivacional y comportamental en una misma intervención como propuesta para mejorar las condiciones de los jóvenes. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto de una intervención multicomponente "Promoción de salud del adolescente" en el IMC y las cogniciones relativas a la conducta específica: percepción de barreras, beneficios y autoeficacia, relacionada con nutrición y actividad física en los adolescentes escolarizados en condición de sobrepeso/obesidad de Ibagué (Tolima). Materiales y métodos. Estudio cuasi-experimental con grupo intervención y control, mediciones pre prueba, pos prueba y seguimiento a los 2 y 4 meses. Al grupo experimental se ofreció la intervención "Promoción de salud del adolescente" el grupo control recibió la actividad educativa anual. El estudio contó con el aval del comité de ética de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y de los rectores de las instituciones educativas, se firmaron consentimientos y asentimientos informados. El análisis se realizó con las pruebas T para comparación de medias, U de Mann-Whitney y g de Hedges para cálculo del tamaño del efecto. Resultados. Al comparar los grupos después de la intervención hay diferencia en las variables de Índice de masa corporal, (p=0,001), actividad física (p=0,042) y nutrición (p=0,010). Post intervención el índice de masa corporal disminuyo en el grupo intervención; el 43,8% paso de sobrepeso a normal, el 47,9% permaneció en sobrepeso y la obesidad disminuyo de 10,4% a 8,3. El tamaño del efecto fue moderado con valor de 0,571. En las mediciones de seguimiento se encontró que en el grupo intervención en la medición de 2 meses después de finalizada la intervención el peso aumento en un 26,74% y disminuyo nuevamente en un 37,32 de los adolescentes a los 4 meses Conclusión. La intervención "Promoción de la salud adolescente" tuvo un efecto moderado en el Índice de masa corporal (peso) y la nutrición, las cogniciones relativas a la conducta no presentaron cambios significativos, ni la actividad física, pero su comportamiento varió en el tiempo. El efecto no se mantuvo en el periodo de seguimiento, por lo que se debe desarrollar de manera continua y buscando estrategias de seguimiento efectivas
Introduction. Overweight and obesity are considered a public health problem, due to their increasing incidence in the adolescent population. To cope with it, there is the promotion of healthy lifestyles as a way to maintain and achieve the health of people who are in these conditions. The recognition of strengths from the management of the young person, constitutes a proposal to change or improve behaviors in nutrition and physical activity of the adolescent, as well as behavioral cognitions: perception of barriers and benefits for the consumption of fruits and vegetables and for the exercise and the perception of self-efficacy are considered as factors that modulate the perceptions of adolescents and lead to change or modification of behavior. In the literature review there was no evidence of multicomponent interventions: cognitive, motivational and behavioral in the same intervention as a proposal to improve the conditions of young people. Objective. Determine the effect of a multi-component intervention "Teenager health promotion" in the Body Mass Index and the cognitions relative to a specific conduct: perception of barriers, benefits and Self-Efficacy related to nutrition and physical activity in teenagers from Ibagué (Tolima) who are in school who suffer of overweight/obesity. Materials and methods. Quasi-experimental study with an intervention and a control group, pre-test and post-test measurements, and follow-up after 2 and 4 months. The intervention "Teenager health promotion" was offered to the intervention group, and the control group received the annual educational activity. The study had the approval of the ethics committee of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and the headmasters of the schools. Informed consent and assent forms were signed. The analysis was done with T tests to compare means, U of Mann-Whitney and g of Hedges to calculate the size of the effect. Outcomes. Comparing the groups after the intervention, there is a difference in the Body Mass Index variables, (p=0,001), physical activity (p=0,042) and nutrition (p=0,010). After the intervention the Body Mass Index decreased in the intervention group; 43,8% passed from overweight to normal, 47,9% stayed with overweight and obesity decreased from 10,4% to 8,3%. In the follow-up measurements we found that in the measurement after 2 months of having finished the intervention, weight increased 26,74% and decreased again 37,32% in teenagers after 4 months. The size of the effect was moderate with a value of 0,571. Conclusion. The intervention "Teenager health promotion" had a moderate effect in the Body Mass Index (weight) and nutrition, cognitions related to conduct did not suffer significant changes, nor physical activity, but their behavior varied with time. The effect did not maintain its effect through time. The elements that did not have significant changes in the intervention must be strengthened.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent Health , Overweight , Pediatric Obesity , Health Promotion , Exercise , Adolescent Nutrition , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Objective: To study the effect of different hypertension management modes on the blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. Methods:Three community health service centers in Xinjiang city were includ-ed in the study, which used different modes of hypertension management. Center A carried out the basic public health services,but did not provide medical services; Center B provided both the basic public health services and medical services,Center B also established the responsible doctor system; Center C carried out basic public health services and provided medical services based on the regional medical association. The blood pressure of patients with hypertension from the three centers were investigated in July 2013 and in December 2015. Using Logistic regression to analyze the effect of different management modes on blood pressure control. Results: The average SBP of patients from Center A increased by 0.89mmHg (P >0.05), the average BP increased by 0.67mmHg (P >0.05), the blood pressure control rate decreased by 2.54% (P>0.05); The average SBP of patients from Center B increased by 5.31mmHg (P<0.01), the average BP decreased by 1.70mmHg (P>0.05), the blood pressure control rate increased by 2.70% (P>0.05);The average SBP of patients from Center C decreased by 1.54mmHg(P>0.05), the average BP decreased by 2.97mmHg (P<0.01), the blood pressure control rate increased by 16.24% (P<0.05).According to the results of the random effect model,the likelihood of blood control of Center A is 0.27 times that of Center C (P<0.05),the likelihood of blood control of Center B is 0.41 times that of Center C (P>0.05). Conclusion: the hypertension management mode based on regional medical association can effectively control the blood pressure of patients with hypertension.
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Objective]The paper summarizes the clinical experience of Professor Lu Su for treating menopausal syndrome.[Methods] By learning from Professor Lu Su, sum up the knowledge of etiology and pathogenesis, treatment characteristics and analyze cases. [Results]Professor Lu Su thought that the main etiological and pathogenesis of menopausal syndrome was that deficiency of the kidney-yin and hyperactivity of heart and liver fire. The kidney water cannot aid heart, the occurrence of heart(including liver) fire too strong, the heart is not calm, leading to hot flashes sweating, upset insomnia and other symptoms of menopausal syndrome. Therefore, she made a total therapeutic principle of invigoration of the kidney and nourishment of Yin, purging heart fire and soothing the nerves. Besides, the article introduces prescribing characteristics of other lesions relating to menopausal syndrome, such as blood stasis, phlegm, yang deficiency and disharmony between spleen and stomach. In treatment, Lu Su is good at syndrome differentiation and treatment, prescribing refinedly and simply, combining medication with psychotherapy. [Conclusion]Therapies of Professor Lu Su on treating menopausal syndrome have significant effect.
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Objective To disscuss the influence on the anxiety and depression of different sperm parameters and different stages of spermatogenic cells before and after the treatment .Methods The different sperm parameters and different stages of spermato‐genic cells of 42 male patients with infertility were collected .Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS ) and Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to investigate the mental status of infertility patients before and after 3 or 6 months of treatment .Results After 3 or 6 months of treatment ,the scores of SAS/SDS were improved significantly (P< 0 .05) in different infertile diseases ,the degree of anxiety and depression were reduced .The sexual life and the abnormal parameter of the sperm and spermatogenic cells were neg‐atively correlated with the degrees of anxiety and depression .Conclusion Improving the quality of the various stages of male infer‐tility sperm parameters and spermatogenic cells ,the degrees of anxiety and depression are significantly reduced .
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Objective To understand the factors associated with high risk behaviors among people newly diagnosed to be infected with HIV through heterosexual contact before and after diagnoses in some areas in Henan province,and evaluate the risk of secondary transmission.Methods A face to face interview was conducted among people infected with HIV through heterosexual contact by using self-designed questionnaires during January-May in 2015.Results Among 361 HIV infected persons,the proportions of those with commercial heterosexual behaviors or sex with irregular sex partners decreased from 77.3％(279/361) and 28.5％(103/361) before diagnosis to 13.6％ (49/361) and 2.5％(9/361) after diagnosis,the difference was significant (x2=16.66,P＜0.001;x2=4.80,P=0.03).The subjects surveyed always had more commercial heterosexual behaviors in Henan,Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces before and after diagnosis.After HIV infection confirmation,the condom use rates were 51.0％(25/49) for commercial heterosexual behaviors,88.5％ (184/208) for sex with regular partners and 88.9％(8/9) for sex with irregular partners,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that risk behaviors associated with HIV transmission included commercial sexual behaviors,previous HIV detection and age of 35 years or older.Conclusions Extra-marital heterosexual behavior has posed serious challenge to the prevention and control of HIV spread.It is necessary to inform the HIV test results,improve the intervention and promote condom use in people with history of commercial sex and people aged ≥35 years.
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Objective To analyze the abnormal detectable rates of different kinds of blood test indexes before and after treatment in the patients with snake bite and to probe into the change condition of these indexes after different snake bite .Methods The inpa‐tients with clearly diagnosed what kind of snake bite in the past two years were selected as the research subjects .The multiple blood test indexes were determined before and after treatment in these patients .The abnormal detectable rates of these indexes were ana‐lyzed and compared among various snake bite patients .Results The different kinds of snake bite all could cause the different de‐grees of changes in some detection indexes among partial patients .Specially ,the detectable rates of WBC ,PT ,APTT ,TT ,D‐D ,CK , CK‐MB ,LDH ,Urea ,Cr and Cys‐C increase and PLT and Fbg decrease caused by viper bite were apparently higher than those caused by other kinds of snake bites (P<0 .05) .The detectable rates of CO2 increase and K+ decrease in the coral snake bite were apparently higher than those in trimeresurus gramineus ,cobra and viper bite (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Because the snake species and toxicities are different in the various snake bites ,so the caused changes and the abnormal detectable rates of blood test indexes also are different .
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Objective To explore the change regulation of blood coagulation function before and after treatment of snake bite pa‐tients .Methods A total of 226 hospitalized patients with clear diagnosis belong to what kind of snakes in the past two years were selected in this study ,39 cases were bit by coral ,76 cases were bit by trimeresurus stejnegeri ,47 cases were bit by cobra ,24 cases bit by king cobra ,40 cases were bit by adder .Five blood coagulation indexes were determined before and after treatment various pe‐riods for these patients .The tested results were made to statistical analysis according to kind of snakes ,periods and disease condi‐tion .Results D‐D level obvious .rise before treatment for the severe cases patients of coral snake bite (P0 .05) before and after treatment ,only D‐D level of the severe cases had statistical significance before treat‐ment in contrast to the mild cases of cobra bite (P< 0 .05) .The changes of 5 item blood coagulation indexes were all very large whether mild or severe for viper bite patients ,a number of comparisons had statistical significance difference (P<0 .05) whether before or after treatment and whether mild or severe for viper bite patients .Conclusion The bite of coral snake ,cobra and king co‐bra affect little for the blood coagulation function .The severe cases patients of trimeresurus stejnegeri bite might lead to more seri‐ous blood coagulation function abnormality but the recovery is faster after treatment .The viper bite might lead to maximum blood coagulation function abnormality and the recovery is slow after treatment .
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Objective To probe into the change regulation before and after treatment every snake bite patients for the routine blood test and serum hs‐CRP .Methods The study objects were selected in the hospitalized patients for clear diagnosis belong to what kind of snakes in the past two years .The indexes of routine blood test and serum hs‐CRP were determined before and after treatment various periods in these patients .The test results were made to statistical analysis according to kind of snakes ,periods and disease condition .Results WBC was obvious .rise before treatment only the viper snake bite patients .WBC was all significant .rise after treatment first day and second day for 5 kinds snake bite patients (P<0 .01) .This index had all reduced trend after treatment fourth day but determined value was still high in contrast to the normal reference scope .RBC and HGB all were normal level and had not obvious change before and after treatment for 5 kinds snake bite patients .PLT was reduced before treatment for the trime‐resurus gramineus bite patients ,before and after treatment for the viper snake bite patients (P<0 .05) .The hs‐CRP content was higher before treatment for the viper snake bite patients and was highest after treatment for the cobra snake bite patients ,the inter‐comparison had significant difference (P<0 .05) .Conclusion 5 kinds snake bite patients before and after treatment not basely ane‐mia symptom .But most of the patients appear the inflammatory response .PLT decrease is more serious for the trimeresurus grami‐neus bite patients ,and for the viper snake bite patients especially .
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Objective To explore the changes and clinical significance of iron metabolism indexes such as serum ferritin (sFn),serum transferritin (sTf),serum transferritin receptor (sTfR) in patients with hematologic malignant disease before and after treatment.Methods Fifty-nine patients with hematologic malignant disease were enrolled.We measured the blood routine,bone marrow routine and iron bound of bone marrow cells and sFn、sTf、sTfR before and after treatment.The control group was 43 healthy Volunteers.Result Before treatment the level of patients sFn increased obviously,which was higher than that of control significantly (P ＜ 0.05).After chemotherapy,the level of sFn in remission group decreased obviously,which was still higher than that of normal control.sFn expression in non-remission group was not different from that before therapy or normal control (P ＞ 0.05).The level of sTf was lower than that of control significantly pretreatment and aftertreatment (P ＜ 0.05).While there was no different between remission group and nonremission group after chemotherapy (P ＞ 0.05).The level of sTfR in non-remission group after chemotherapy was higher than that of control.Correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between the serum level of sFn and the original and naive bone marrow cells (r =0.347).And there was negative correlation between sFn and hemoglobin (r =-0.207).But there was no significant correlation between sFn and bone marrow iron.Conclusions It is possible to predict treatment response and prognosis in hematologic malignant disease by the decrease of sFn after chemotherapy.But sTf and sTfR are not good indexes to predict treatment response in a short time.Prevalence of anemia among patients with tumor was not only because of iron deficiency.So iron supplementation should be cautious.
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PURPOSE: To improve the therapeutic results of postoperative recurrent disease and inoperable disease of stomach cancer, we used the thermoradiotherapy. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the results and compared between the results of hyperthermia before radiotherapy and those of hyperthermia after radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From july 1994 to november 1996, we treated twenty patients of locally advanced stomach cancer and recurrent stomach cancer with thermoradiotherapy. We divided those patients into two groups : hyperthermia before radiotherapy group (PreRT group : 13 patients) and hyperthermia after radiotherapy group (PostRT group : 7 patients). We performed radiation therapy to the total tumor dose of 3000-5040cGy in fraction of 180-300cGy and 5 fractions per week. Hyperthermia was performed with 8 MHz radiofrequency apparatus. We treated those patients everyday for thirty minutes within ten minutes before radiation therapy in PreRT group, and 1-2 sessions per week for 40-60 minutes within ten minutes after radiation therapy in PostRT group. RESULTS: Overall response rate was 33.3%. This response rate was appeared same in both groups. Mean survival and 1 year survival rate were 10.3 months and 16.5%. In PreRT group, mean survival and 1 year survival rate were 6.8 months and 9.0%, and in PostRT group, mean survival and 1 year survival rate were 7.7 months and 34%. There were no statistical significant difference between the prognostic factors and therapeutic results. CONCLUSION: The thermoradiotherapy was safe treatment method in advanced and recurrent gastric cancer when compared with other treatment. Because the number of patients we treated was small and the follow up period was short, we were not able to draw any conclusions about therapeutic efficacy of sequence of radiation therapy and hyperthermia Therefore, further clinical trial of thermoradiotherapy for stomach cancer appear to be warranted.