Peripheral blood eosinophil/neutrophil as an independent risk factor for recurrence after treatment in children with bronchial asthma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of eosinophil(EOS)/neutrophil(NER)in peripheral blood on asthma recurrence in children with bronchial asthma(BA)after treatment.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in the study.BA children admitted to the hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 were selected as the research objects.All children were treated regularly and their condition was under con-trol.After a follow-up of 6 months,the recurrence of the children was recorded.EOS/NER,interleukin(IL)-4 and IL-5 of children with and without relapse before treatment and at 1 week of treatment were compared.Lo-gistic regression analysis model was established to test the effect of EOS/NER on the recurrence of asthma in children with BA after treatment.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of EOS/NER,IL-4 and IL-5 before treatment for the recurrence risk of BA children after treatment.Results A total of 128 children with BA were included.25 cases recurred after 6 months of follow-up,with a recurrence rate of 19.53%.EOS/NER,IL-4 and IL-5 of BA children after 1 week of treatment were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).EOS/NER,IL-4 and IL-5 of recurrent children before treat-ment and 1 week after treatment were higher than those of non-recurrent children(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in EOS/NER,IL-4,IL-5 levels between children of different genders,age groups,and treatment regimens before and after 1 week of treatment(P>0.05).Increased EOS/NER,in-creased level of IL-4 and increased level of IL-5 had effect on the recurrence of BA children after treatment and may be risk factors for recurrence(OR>1,P<0.05).The ROC curve showed that area under the curve of EOS/NER before treatment for predicting the recurrence was 0.810(95%CI:0.724-0.896,P<0.001)in BA patients after 6 months of treatment,with moderate predictive value.Conclusion EOS/NER before treat-ment in BA children may be an independent risk factor for recurrence after treatment,and has moderate pre-dictive value for recurrence risk.

Relationship between serum endocan,DcR3 and airway inflammation in children with bronchial asthma / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum endothelial cell specific 1(endocan),deception receptor 3(DcR3),airway inflammation and clinical efficacy in children with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 171 children with bronchial asthma who were admitted to the hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 80 healthy children who underwent physical examina-tion in the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The levels of serum endocan,DcR3 levels and exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)in the two groups were compared,and the correlation between the serum endocan,DcR3 levels and FeNO level in the observation group was analyzed.The levels of serum endocan and DcR3 were compared after individualized glucocorticoid treatment.The related factors affecting the clinical efficacy of the children were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The levels of serum endocan,DcR3 and FeNO in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was positive correlation between the levels of serum endocan,DcR3 and Fe-NO in the observation group(r=0.569,0.398,P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum endocan,DcR3 and FeNO in the observation group were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,there were 140 cases of children in the effective group,and 31 cases of children in the ineffective group.Univariate a-nalysis showed that there were statistical differences between the effective group and the ineffective group in the severity of disease,allergy history,endocan,DcR3 and FeNO levels(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic re-gression analysis showed that severity of disease,allergy history,elevated serum levels of endocan and DcR3 were all independent risk factors affecting the clinical efficacy of children(P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of serum endocan and DcR3 are significantly related with airway inflammation in children with bronchial asth-ma,and their abnormally high levels could affect the clinical efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment in children with bronchial asthma.

Analysis of the relationship between serum lncRNA ANRIL and miR-423-5p and airway inflammation and remodeling in children with bronchial asthma and their predictive value / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between serum long chain non coding ribonucleic acid(ln-cRNA)ANRIL,microRNA(miR)-423-5p and airway inflammation and remodeling in children with bronchial asthma and its predictive value.Methods A total of 98 children with bronchial asthma treated in Haikou Ma-ternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2020 to December 2022 were selected.46 children with acute at-tack were selected as the attack group and 52 children with clinical remission were selected as the remission group.Another 50 children who were healthy during physical examination in the same period were selected as the health group.The relative expression levels of serum lncRNA ANRIL and miR-423-5p were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The serum inflammatory factor indicators[in-terleukin-13(IL-13),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)]were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Airway remodeling indicators[bronchial thickness(T/D),pipe wall area/total cross-sectional area of gas pipeline(WA)]and lung function indicators[first second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),peak expiratory flow(PEF),maximum mid expiratory flow(MMEF)]were measured.The correlation between expression of serum lncRNA ANRIL,miR-423-5p and airway inflam-mation and remodeling indicators were analyzed by the Pearson method.The predictive value of serum ln-cRNA ANRIL and miR-423-5p in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma was analyzed by receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curve.Results The relative expression level of serum lncRNA ANRIL in remission and attack groups was higher than that in healthy group,and the relative expression level of serum miR-423-5p was lower than that in healthy group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The relative expression level of serum ln-cRNA ANRIL in the attack group was higher than that in the remission group,and the relative expression lev-el of serum miR-423-5p was lower than that in the remission group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The levels of serum VEGF,IL-13 and TGF-β1 in attack and remission groups were higher than those in healthy group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of serum VEGF,IL-13 and TGF-β1 in attack group were higher than those in remission group,and the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P＜0.05).The levels of T/D and WA in the remission and attack groups were higher than those in the healthy group,and the levels of FEV,,PEF and MMEF were lower than those in the healthy group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The levels of T/D and WA in the attack group were higher than those in the remission group,and the levels of FEV1,PEF and MMEF were lower than those in the remission group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum ln-cRNA ANRIL expression was positively correlated with airway inflammation and remodeling indicators,and negatively correlated with lung function indicators(P＜0.05).The expression of miR-423-5p was negatively correlated with airway inflammation and remodeling indexes,and positively correlated with lung function inde-xes(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of lncRNA ANRIL and miR-423-5p alone and combined detection were 0.772,0.707 and 0.865 respectively,the predictive value of combined de-tection in diagnosing bronchial asthma was higher.Conclusion The relative expression level of serum lncRNA ANRIL increase in children with bronchial asthma,and miR-423-5p decrease,which promote airway inflamma-tion,remodeling,lung function decrease,and which has high diagnostic efficacy for children with bronchial asthma.

Prevalence of Chronic Non-Communicable Respiratory Diseases in Mosul City

@#Introduction: Chronic non-communicable respiratory diseases (CNCRDs) encompass a group of conditions affecting the airways and lung structures, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), emphysema, allergic rhinitis, asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and cystic fibrosis. CNCRDs pose a significant global health challenge, resulting in approximately four million deaths annually. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors associated with CNCRDs and measure trends in the prevalence of these risk factors over time. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted using data collected from primary health centers on both sides of Mosul City. The study period extended from January 1 to July 31, 2022, with information obtained from (40) primary health centers, consisting of (20) centers on the right side and (20) centers on the left side of Mosul. Results: In 2021, the City of Mosul recorded a total of 13,005 registered cases, with 5,598 cases being attributed to asthma (43%), and 7,347 cases being associated with COPD (57%). Bronchial asthma constituted 43% of cases, with 5598 patients, and the highest incidence occurred in the age group between 20-44 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of bronchial asthma and COPD among patients with CNCRDs in Mosul is alarmingly high. It emphasizes the importance of implementing preventive policies and strategies targeting modifiable risk factors for these respiratory conditions.

Mechanism and experimental validation of Zukamu granules in treatment of bronchial asthma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 中国药理学通报

Aim To anticipate the mechanism of zuka- mu granules (ZKMG) in the treatment of bronchial asthma, and to confirm the projected outcomes through in vivo tests via using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Methods The database was examined for ZKMG targets, active substances, and prospective targets for bronchial asthma. The protein protein interaction network diagram (PPI) and the medication component target network were created using ZKMG and the intersection targets of bronchial asthma. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) were used for enrichment analysis, and network pharmacology findings were used for molecular docking, ovalbumin (OVA) intraperitoneal injection was used to create a bronchial asthma model, and in vivo tests were used to confirm how ZKMG affected bronchial asthma. Results There were 176 key targets for ZKMG's treatment of bronchial asthma, most of which involved biological processes like signal transduction, negative regulation of apoptotic processes, and angiogenesis. ZKMG contained 194 potentially active components, including quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and other important components. Via signaling pathways such TNF, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cancer pathway, and MAPK, they had therapeutic effects on bronchial asthma. Conclusion Key components had strong binding activity with appropriate targets, according to molecular docking data. In vivo tests showed that ZKMG could reduce p-p38, p-ERKl/2, and p-I

Efficacy of Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction on airway inflammation in bronchial asthma in rats based on IL-25/NF-κB signaling pathway / 中成药

AIM To explore the mechanism of Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction on airway inflammation improvement of rats with bronchial asthma based on IL-25/NF-κB signaling pathway.METHODS 60 rats were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,the dexamethasone group(0.2 mg/mL),the low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction groups(1,2,4 g/mL),with 10 rats in each group.Intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin(OVA)and aluminum hydroxide suspension was applied to establish the rat asthma model,followed by 2-week corresponding dosing of the drugs.The rats of each group had their daily diet,mental status,hair growth and respiration observed;their differential count of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)detected by automatic hematology analyzer;their pathological changes of lung tissue observed by HE staining;their pulmonary IL-25 protein expression detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC);their levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in BALF measured by ELISA;their pulmonary expression of IL-25 and TRAF6 mRNA detected by RT-qPCR;and their pulmonary protein expressions of IL-25,TRAF6,IκBα,p-IκBα,NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group displayed severe damage of the lung tissue and infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells;increased number of inflammatory cells and levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in BALF(P<0.01);increased mRNA expressions of IL-25 and TRAF6,and pulmonary protein expressions of IL-25,TRAF6,p-IκBα/IκBα and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,all of the Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction groups shared improved pulmonary infiltration of inflammatory cells;decreased number of inflammatory cells and levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in BALF(P<0.05,P<0.01);and decreased mRNA expressions of IL-25 and TRAF6,and pulmonary protein expressions of IL-25,TRAF6,p-IκBα/IκBα and p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction can inhibit the airway inflammation in the rat model of bronchial asthma,which may be related to the inhibited activation of IL-25/NF-κB signaling pathway and the reduced expression of inflammatory factors.

The Characteristics of Constitution-Disease-Syndrome of Different Clinical Phenotypes and the Application of Three-Dimensional Diagnosis and Treatment Pattern of Bronchial Asthma / 中医杂志

This paper summarized the characteristics of constitution， disease， and syndrome of five different phenotypes of bronchial asthma including allergic asthma， cough variant asthma， chest tightness variant asthma， psychological stress asthma， and hormone-dependent asthma， and systematically expounds the application of three-dimensional diagnosis and treatment pattern， that is differentiation of constitution， disease and syndromes in the five phenotypes of bronchial asthma. It is considered that the allergic constitution is the main one of bronchial asthma， which is usually combined with the constitutions of qi-deficiency， yin-deficiency， yang-deficiency， qi-stagnation and others. In the treatment of bronchial asthma， constitution， disease and syndromes should all be taken into account but applied flexibly according to the order of the urgency and priority. The three-dimensional diagnosis and treatment pattern can reflect the essential characteristics and clinical panorama of bronchial asthma more comprehensively and objectively and provide effective intervention measures and management programs for the prevention and treatment by traditional Chinese medicine.

Effects of Sushen Jiubao decoction on Th1/Th2 factors in patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma / 中国现代医生

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Sushen Jiubao decoction in the treatment of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and its effect on Th1/Th2 factors.Methods Ninety-eight patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma treated in Sishengbianji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from February 2022 to May 2023 were selected and divided into treatment group and control group according to random number table method,with 49 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional treatment such as oxygen inhalation and atomization,and the treatment group was additionally treated with Sushen Jiubao decoctionon based on the treatment of control group.The clinical efficacy,TCM syndrome score,pulmonary function indicators[forced expiratory volume in first second(FEV1),peak expiratory flow(PEF)],and laboratory indicators[interleukin(IL)-4,IL-13,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),immunoglobulin E(IgE)].Results The total effective rate of treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group(χ2=9.287,P=0.010).After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores,serum IL-4,IL-13 and IgE levels of two groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and FEV1,PEF and IFN-γ were significantly higher than before treatment(P<0.05).The TCM syndrome score,serum IL-4,IL-13 and IgE levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group,and FEV1,PEF and IFN-γ were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Sushen Jiubao decoction can significantly improve clinical efficacy,reduce the level of inflammatory factors,and improve pulmonary function in the treatment of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma.

Effects of Guben Fangxiao Beverage （固本防哮饮） on Lung Tissue Oxidative Stress and AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Mice with Bronchial Asthma in Remission / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the possible mechanism of Guben Fangxiao Beverage （固本防哮饮） for the prevention and treatment of chronic airway inflammation during asthma remission. MethodsThirty-six female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into normal group， model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose of Guben Fangxiao Beverage group and montelukast sodium group， with 6 mice in each group. Except for the normal group， ovalbumin and respiratory syncytial virus were used in other groups to establish a mouse model of bronchial asthma in remission stage. After molding， the low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of Guben Fangxiao Beverage were respectively given 12， 24， and 36 g/（kg·d）， the montelukast sodium group was given montelukast sodium granule 2.6 mg/（kg·d）， and the mice in the normal group and model group were given 20 ml of double-distilled water， all by gavage， once a day for 28 days. The levels of interleukin 4 （IL-4） and interleukin 5 （IL-5） in the lung tissue of mice were detected； HE staining was used to observe the pathology of the lung tissue and to score the inflammation； DHE staining was used to observe the level of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the lung tissue， and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， Ⅳ， and Ⅴ in the lung tissue were detected； the levels of serum superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， malondialdehyde （MDA） and adenosine triphosphate （ATP） were detected； the protein expression levels of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （p-AMPK）， nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， haem oxygenase 1 （HO-1） and cAMP responsive element binding protein （CREB） in the lung tissues of the model group were detected by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the histopathological results of the lungs of mice in the model group showed an increase in inflammatory cells around the airways and an increase in inflammatory score； DHE staining showed an increase in the level of ROS， and an increase in the levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in the lung tissues； the levels of serum SOD， CAT， and ATP were reduced， and the level of MDA was elevated； the activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， Ⅳ， and Ⅴ of the lung tissues were reduced， and the activities of p-AMPK， Nrf2， CREB protein expression decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the lung tissue inflammatory cells and inflammation scores of mice in each Guben Fangxiao Beverage dose group and montelukast sodium group were reduced； the levels of ROS， IL-4 and IL-5 in the lung tissue were reduced； the levels of CAT and ATP in the serum increased， and the content of MDA was reduced； and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ and Ⅱ， as well as the expression of CREB protein， were elevated in the lung tissue （P＜0.05）. Compared with the high-dose group， the MDA level of the medium-dose Guben Fangxiao Beverage group decreased （P＜0.05）. The activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V in the medium-dose group was higher than that in the montelukast sodium group， and the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅳ in the medium- and high-dose groups was higher than that in the low-dose group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionGuben Fangxiao Beverage can inhibit oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial function to relieve chronic airway inflammation in bronchial asthma model mice during asthma remission， and its mechanism may be related to the activation of AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Changes of GH-IGFs and its relationship with growth retardation in children with bronchial asthma

Abstract Objective To explore the relationship between Growth Hormone Insulin-like Growth Factors (GH-IGFs) and growth retardation in children with bronchial asthma. Methods 112 children with bronchial asthma and 50 healthy children were studied. Serum GH, IGF-1, and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (IGFBP3) were assessed by ELISA. GH-IGFs-related parameters were compared, and the correlation between the parameters and bronchial asthma severity was analyzed. The bronchial asthma group was divided into the growth retardation group and non-growth retardation group to analyze the diagnostic value of GH-IGFs in growth retardation and the relationship between GH-IGFs and growth retardation. Results GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 in the bronchial asthma group were lower. GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 levels were decreased with the severity of bronchial asthma. GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 in the growth retardation group were lower than those in the non-growth retardation group. The AUC of GH-IGFs combined detection was higher than that of GH and IGFBP3 alone detection. GH < 9.27 μg/L and IGF-1 < 179.53 mmoL/L were risk factors for growth retardation in patients with bronchial asthma. Conclusion GH-IGFs-related parameters have diagnostic value for growth retardation in children, and decreased levels of GH and IGF-1 are risk factors for growth retardation in children.

Beneficios que reciben los pacientes asmáticos tras la aplicación de un tratamiento fisioterapéutico y rehabilitador

El asma bronquial sigue siendo la enfermedad crónica más frecuente en la infancia. Su prevalencia continúa aumentando a pesar de que en la actualidad se disponen de eficaces manuales terapéuticos para el correcto manejo de los principales síntomas de la enfermedad. El tratamiento no farmacológico de este padecimiento se fundamenta en tres pilares esenciales: la educación sobre la enfermedad, las guías para profesionales y pacientes y la fisioterapia respiratoria. Los pacientes que tienen un tratamiento fisioterapéutico y rehabilitador de manera habitual, tienen una mejoría significativa en el control del asma, especialmente si estos se practican bajo la supervisión de un fisioterapeuta. Los beneficios que los pacientes asmáticos logran con la fisioterapia y la rehabilitación son numerosos y uno de los efectos más importante es el impacto positivo sobre la calidad de vida.

Bronchial asthma continues to be the most common chronic disease in childhood. Its prevalence continues to increase despite the fact that effective therapeutic manuals are currently available for the correct management of the main symptoms of the disease. The non-pharmacological treatment of this condition is based on three pillars: education about the disease, guides for professionals and patients, and respiratory physiotherapy. Patients who have regular physiotherapy and rehabilitation treatment have a significant improvement in asthma control, especially if these are practiced under the supervision of a physiotherapist. The benefits that asthmatic patients achieve with physiotherapy and rehabilitation are numerous and one of the most important effects is the positive impact on quality of life.

Concurrence of Bronchial Asthma, PCOS in Young Adolescent and its Management by Siddha Therapeutics - A Case Study

Growing evidence suggests that polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and Bronchial asthma coexist thanks to their common pathogenicity route. Both PCOS and Bronchial asthma has been associated with chronic low grade inflammation which results in hormonal disparity. One such case of a young woman with a medical history of Bronchial asthma presented with complaints of irregular menstrual cycle with amenorrhea and episodes of asthmatic attack once a month. The laboratory investigations including both blood and sonographic studies revealed the elevated absolute eosinophilic count, serum IgE and bilateral polycystic ovarian cyst. The Patient has been treated with internal medications and was advised to continue the physical activity such as walk for once a day and Pranayama (breathing exercise) as an adjunct to the treatment. After the treatment period of about 10 months, the outcome was assessed by both clinical prognosis as well as with USG report. The case study is about managing PCOS as well as bronchial asthma by Siddha therapeutic intervention and efficacy of the chosen drugs towards the ailments has also been explained with the help of preclinical studies conducted on the individual herbs of the formulation included in the study. This study could help to explore the therapeutic potential of Siddha medicine towards alleviating the low grade inflammation and hormonal imbalances associated with both Bronchial asthma as well as PCOS.

Progress of ORMDL3 involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children / 国际儿科学杂志

Bronchial asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease in children, and its pathogenesis is closely related to genetic and environmental factors.A number of clinical epidemiological investigations have found that the single nucleotide polymorphisms variation of orosomucoid 1-like protein 3(ORMDL3)gene is closely related to the incidence of childhood asthma, but the mechanism of ORMDL3′s involvement in the occurrence and development of childhood asthma remains unclear.In recent years, researchers have explored the biological function of ORMDL3, and found that ORMDL3 may be involved in bronchial epithelial cell inflammation, epithelial cell barrier damage and T cell immune imbalance through endoplasmic reticulum stress and sphingoid metabolic response, and may also mediate the mechanism of early respiratory tract infection and possible wheezing in infants and young children.Therefore, this paper reviews the latest progress of ORMDL3′s involvement in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children.

Progress on the association between anaphylaxis and bronchial asthma in children / 国际儿科学杂志

Bronchial asthma and anaphylaxis are two conditions related to the sensitization state of the body that can coexist with each other in children.Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease in children, while anaphylaxis is a rapid onset emergency involving multiple systems of the body.The two diseases can affect each other.Poor asthma control can increase the risk of anaphylaxis, and there is a risk of misdiagnosis during symptom onset.Both diseases need prompt and appropriate acute treatment as well as long term management.This review summarizes the various associations and differences between asthma and anaphylaxis, as well as management tools and strategies, in order to provide reference for enhancing disease awareness and optimizing disease management.

Clinical research of Omalizumab in treatment of children with allergic diseases / 国际儿科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Omalizumab in children suffering from multiple allergic diseases.Methods:The clinical data of children treated with Omalizumab in the Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2020 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Their gender, age, type of allergic disease, serum total IgE(TIgE), skin prick test and/or serum allergen specific IgE(sIgE)levels, Omalizumab dosage, therapeutic effect and adverse drug reactions were analyzed.Results:Forty-three children(male/female, 24/19)were treated with Omalizumab.The age is(9.3±2.5)years.Types of allergic diseases: 43 cases of asthma(100%), 43 cases of allergic rhinitis(100%), 5 cases of allergic conjunctivitis(11.6%), 18 cases of atopic dermatitis(41.9%), 1 case of milk protein allergy(2.3%). All the 43 patients had elevated TIgE[(613.27±616.21)Ku/L]. Allergen testing for all the children were positive, with dust mite allergy accounting for the highest proportion(93%). After treatment, the frequency of wheezing attacks was reduced and the nasal symptoms were alleviate in 43 children with asthma combined with allergic rhinitis; 5 children with allergic conjunctivitis had significantly improved symptoms of redness and itching; the skin itching in 17 children with atopic dermatitis was alleviated, and 1case had poor improvement; 1 child with milk allergy could tolerate dairy products.Conclusion:There are significant therapeutic benefits of Omalizumab in children with multiple allergic diseases.

Advances in pulmonary rehabilitation for children with bronchial asthma / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. With the development of the whole-life-cycle health concept, the focus of treatment for bronchial asthma in children has gradually shifted from pharmacological control to an integrated management model of functional rehabilitation and pharmacological assistance. As a non-pharmacological integrated approach, pulmonary rehabilitation plays an equally important role in the management of childhood asthma as pharmacological treatments. Breathing techniques such as Buteyko breathing, pursed lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing training, threshold-pressure inspiratory muscle training and yoga breathing can improve lung function indicators such as forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) in children. Comprehensive pre-exercise assessment, development of exercise prescriptions, and implementation and evaluation of exercise effects can improve physical fitness, neuromuscular coordination, and self-confidence of children with asthma. The comprehensive interventions of health education, psychological support and nutritional intervention can improve the compliance and effectiveness of rehabilitation training. This article reviews the research progress on respiratory training, physical exercise, and comprehensive interventions in the pulmonary rehabilitation of asthmatic children, to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the scientific and rational management of pulmonary rehabilitation of asthmatic children in clinical settings.

Effects of blistering cupping combined with thunder-fire moxibustion on the efficacy and airway remodeling of cold-wheezing syndrome in bronchial asthma / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combined application of blistering cupping with thunder-fire moxibustion in treating bronchial asthma of cold-wheezing syndrome, and its influences on airway remodeling, inflammatory factors, lung function, and quality of life on the base of conventional western medicine treatment.@*METHODS@#A total of 76 patients with bronchial asthma of cold-wheezing syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 38 cases in each group. In the control group, the basic treatment was used, i.e. budesonide formoterol powder inhalation. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, blistering cupping combined with thunder-fire moxibustion was supplemented, Dazhui (GV 14), Danzhong (CV 17) and bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Gaohuang (BL 43), and Zhongfu (LU 1) were selected; blistering cupping was administered once a day and thunder-fire moxibustion was given twice a day. One course of treatment was composed of 7 days in both groups, and 2 courses of treatment were required. Before and after treatment, the airway remodeling indexes (matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP-9], tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 [TIMP-1], and transforming growth factor-β1 [TGF-β1]) and inflammatory indexes (interleukin [IL] -1β、IL-25) were detected by using radioimmunoassay in the patients of the two groups. The lung function, traditional Chinese medicine symptom score, and asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ) score were observed in the patients of the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the serum levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, TGF-β1, IL-1β, IL-25, peak expiratory flow (PEFR), traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores, and AQLQ scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (P<0.05), and the results in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) were increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the results in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of the conventional western medicine treatment, the combination of blistering cupping with thunder-fire moxibustion can effectively ameliorate the clinical symptoms of patients, reduce inflammatory levels, inhibit airway remodeling and improve the lung function and quality of life in the patients with bronchial asthma.

Literature Research on the Mechanism of"Tonifying the Spleen to Help the Lung"in the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective By summarizing the literature on the treatment of bronchial asthma with"Tonifying the spleen to help the lung"as the guiding ideology and"tonifying spleen drugs"published in recent 25 years,analyzing the domestic research situation,to understanding the research status of the mechanism of"Tonifying the spleen to help the lung"in the treatment of asthma,so as to provide ideas for the research of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of asthma.Methods Taking"Tonifying the spleen to help the lung","tonifying the spleen","strengthening the spleen","transporting the spleen","benefiting the spleen","Shenling Baizhu Powder","Yigong Powder","Ginseng Schisandra Decoction","Maimendong Decoction","Liujunzi Decoction"and"asthma"as the keywords,searching the literature in the Chinese Journal Full-text Database(CNKI),extracting the data recorded in the literature,including prescriptions,drug composition,test indexes and experimental results,and summarize and analyze the data.Results A total of 54 literatures were included in this literature study.The prescriptions of"Tonifying the spleen to help the lung"method in the treatment of asthma are complex.The classic prescriptions often involved include Liujunzi Decoction,Yupingfeng Powder,Yigong Powder,Buzhong yiqi decoction,Shenling baizhu powder,Maimendong decoction,Ginseng Schisandra decoction and Erchen decoction.The commonly used drugs include Atractylodes macrocephala,Astragalus membranaceus,Poria cocos,licorice,tangerine peel,etc.Experimental research mainly involves inflammatory cells,immunoglobulins,cytokines,signaling pathway,T cell subsets,cell receptors,intestinal flora and other aspects,and the specific detection indicators are complex and diverse.Conclusion The method of"Tonifying the spleen to help the lung"is effective in the treatment of bronchial asthma.Many studies show that its effect has a clear scientific basis,but its mechanism is complex and diverse and is gradually becoming clear.

Advances in pulmonary rehabilitation for children with bronchial asthma / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. With the development of the whole-life-cycle health concept, the focus of treatment for bronchial asthma in children has gradually shifted from initial pharmacological control to an integrated management model of functional rehabilitation and pharmacological assistance. As a non-pharmacological integrated approach, pulmonary rehabilitation plays an equally important role in the management of childhood asthma as pharmacological treatment. Studies have shown that breathing techniques such as Buteyko breathing, pursed lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing training, threshold-pressure inspiratory muscle training and yoga breathing can improve lung function indicators such as FEV1, FVC, PEF and MVV in children. The comprehensive pre-exercise assessment, the development of exercise prescriptions, and the implementation and evaluation of exercise effects can improve the physical fitness, neuromuscular coordination and self-confidence of children with asthma. The comprehensive interventions of health education, psychological support and nutritional intervention can improve the compliance and effectiveness of rehabilitation training. This article reviews the research progress on respiratory training, physical exercise and comprehensive interventions in the pulmonary rehabilitation of asthmatic children, to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the scientific and rational management of pulmonary rehabilitation of asthmatic children in clinical settings.

Study on immune related indexes in children with bronchial asthma during acute attack / 中国现代医生

Objective To investigate the changes of the levels of immunoglobulin(Ig)G,IgM,factor B,complement C3 and C4,T lymphocyte subsets in children with bronchial asthma during acute attacks and their correlation with the severity of the disease.Methods The clinical data of 133 children with bronchial asthma admitted to the Department of Pediatrics,Zhuji Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2020 to July 2022 were analyzed.According to whether the children were in acute exacerbation stage,they were divided into acute stage group(85 cases)and stable stage group(48 cases);The data about the levels of IgG,IgM,factor B,complement C3 and C4,T lymphocyte subsets(CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+)on admission were collected from the two groups of children;The acute phase and stable phase were analyzed.The changes of the above indicators,compared the changes of the above indicators in children with different acute attack;Spearman linear equation was used to analyze the correlation between Ig,complement,and T lymphocyte subsets levels and the severity of the disease.Results The level of IgG,factor B,IgM,C3 and C4 were lower than those in stable stage group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in acute stage group were lower than those in stable stage group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).With the improvement of the severity grade of acute asthma attack,the levels of factor B,C3,C4,CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ decreased gradually,and the differences among different grades were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in IgG level among different severity grades(P>0.05).Spearman linear correlation analysis showed that the levels of factor B,IgM,C3,C4,CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were negatively correlated with the severity of the disease(P<0.05).Conclusion There is obvious immune dysfunction in children with acute attack of bronchial asthma.Monitoring the levels of Ig,complement and T lymphocyte subsets is helpful to evaluate the severity of the disease.