ABSTRACT
Introducción: La biometría médica ha permitido identificar variables predictoras del peso al nacimiento. Objetivo: Determinar el poder discriminatorio local y desempeño de variables biométricas fetales a las 22 semanas sobre la condición trófica del recién nacido. Métodos: Se realizó estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo en tres áreas de salud del municipio Santa Clara, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2013 a diciembre de 2019. De una población de 6 035 nacidos se seleccionaron 2 454 por muestreo simple aleatorio. Se obtuvieron datos de registros de las consultas de genética. En el análisis se construyeron áreas bajo la curva Receiver Operating Characteristic y se calcularon indicadores de desempeño para pruebas diagnósticas. Resultados: Las áreas bajo la curva de las variables biométricas discriminan a los nacidos pequeños y grandes para la edad gestacional. En los pequeños sobrepasan a los 0,840 a excepción de la longitud del fémur; en los grandes el peso fetal estimado alcanza una curva de 0,715 el resto son inferiores. Se estiman puntos de corte locales. Los indicadores de desempeño de la biometría mantienen un comportamiento regular; los que se estiman al transformar los valores a partir de las tablas de referencia son más específicos con valores por encima del 80 %; mientras que los calculados después de transformar las variables por los puntos de corte estimados elevan la sensibilidad por encima del 60 %. Conclusiones: Todas las variables biométricas tienen capacidad discriminatoria para las desviaciones de la condición trófica al nacer, de preferencia para los nacimientos pequeños para la edad gestacional. Los puntos de corte óptimo identificados difieren de los establecidos en las tablas de referencias. Los indicadores de desempeño de las variables biométricas fetales demostraron superioridad según los puntos de corte estimados respecto a los de las tablas de referencia.
Introduction: Medical biometrics has made it possible to identify predictive variables of birth weight. Objective: To determine the local discriminatory power and performance of fetal biometric variables at 22 weeks on the trophic condition of the newborn. Methods: An observational, analytical and retrospective study was carried out in three health areas of the Santa Clara municipality, in the period between January 2013 and December 2019. From a population of 6,035 births, 2,454 were selected by simple random sampling. Data were obtained from records of genetic consultations. In the analysis, areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve were constructed and performance indicators for diagnostic tests were calculated. Results: The areas under the curve of the biometric variables discriminate those born small and large for gestational age. In the small ones they exceed 0.840 except for the length of the femur; in the large ones, the estimated fetal weight reaches a curve of 0.715, the rest are lower. Local cut-off points are estimated. The performance indicators of the biometrics maintain a regular behavior; those that are estimated by transforming the values from the reference tables are more specific with values above 80%; while those calculated after transforming the variables by the estimated cut-off points raise the sensitivity above 60%. Conclusions: All biometric variables have discriminatory capacity for deviations of the trophic condition at birth, preferably for small births for gestational age. The optimal cut-off points identified differ from those established in the reference tables. The performance indicators of the fetal biometric variables showed superiority according to the estimated cut-off points with respect to those of the reference tables.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Correlacionar os perfis metabólico e nutricional com a presença e gravidade da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Métodos: Estudo transversal com pacientes adultos e idosos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos no Laboratório do Sono e Coração do Pronto Socorro Cardiológico Universitário de Pernambuco, entre junho e setembro de 2014. Os pacientes se submeteram à polissonografia, à bioimpedância elétrica e a aferições antropométricas. Foram verificadas a presença da síndrome metabólica e outras morbidades. Resultados: A amostra total foi constituída por 50 pacientes, com idade média de 57,52±9,80 anos, sendo que 94% receberam diagnóstico de síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono e 74% possuíam síndrome metabólica. As seguintes médias foram obtidas: índice de massa corporal (31,54±5,82 kg/m2); circunferência do pescoço (39,14±4,33 cm); circunferência da cintura (106,72±11,22 cm); diâmetro abdominal sagital (23,00 cm [21,00-24,00]). O índice de massa corporal, a circunferência da cintura e o diâmetro abdominal sagital apresentaram valores mais elevados (p<0,05) entre os pacientes com síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono grave, quando comparados aqueles com a forma leve. O diâmetro abdominal sagital apresentou moderada correlação com o índice de apneia e hipopneia e a gordura corporal apresentou fraca correlação. Conclusão: A obesidade, a circunferência do pescoço, o diâmetro abdominal sagital e a síndrome metabólica tiveram associação positiva com a gravidade da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Dentre os parâmetros antropométricos avaliados, o diâmetro abdominal sagital mostrou ser o mais adequado preditor para avaliar a presença e gravidade da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono.
ABSTRACT Objective: To compare metabolic and nutritional profiles with the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study included male and female adults and older adults treated at the Sleep and Heart Laboratory of Pernambuco Cardiologic Emergency Medical Services between June and September 2014. Patients underwent polysomnography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and anthropometric measurements. Presence of the metabolic syndrome and other morbidities was investigated. Results: The sample consisted of 50 patients with a mean age of 57.52±9.80 years, of which 94% were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and 74% had the metabolic syndrome. Other mean sample characteristics were: body mass index (31.54±5.82 kg/m2); neck circumference (39.14±4.33 cm); waist circumference (106.72±22.11 cm); sagittal abdominal diameter (23.00 cm [21.00-24.00]). Patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome had higher body mass index, waist circumference, and sagittal abdominal diameter (p<0.05) than those with mild condition. Sagittal abdominal diameter was correlated moderately with the apnea-hypopnea index and mildly with body fat. Conclusion: Obesity, neck circumference, and the metabolic syndrome had a positive association with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome severity. Of the study anthropometric parameters, sagittal abdominal diameter was the most suitable predictor of presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Middle Aged , Aged , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Anthropometry , Metabolic Syndrome , Waist Circumference , Sagittal Abdominal Diameter , ObesityABSTRACT
Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se recomienda formular políticas, proporcionar incentivos para garantizar que estas favorezcan la realización de actividad física y tener acceso a una alimentación sana dentro y fuera de la comunidad universitaria. Promover a través de la Vicerrectora de asuntos estudiantiles con el programa de vida saludable la implementación de la actividad física como eje transversal en el currículo de las carreras de la UNAH a fin de enseñar la importancia que tiene evitar el sedentarismo y lograr disminuir el sobre peso y obesidad en la comunidad.
Subject(s)
Humans , Metabolic Syndrome , Metabolic Syndrome/prevention & control , Academic Dissertations as Topic , Electronic ThesisABSTRACT
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is linked with the metabolic consequences of obesity, being necessary the use alternative methods of predicting this type of fat, like anthropometry. The objective of this study was assess the performance of anthropometry in predicting visceral fat measured with computerized tomography in adults and older adults. Study transversal with 197 individuals underwent computerized tomography (CT) and anthropometry. The variables analized were: visceral adipose tissue area by CT, Sagittal Abdominal Diameter (SAD), Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR). A descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation and ROC curve were carried out. We observed Correlations higher than 0.7 (p=0.000) between the SAD, WC and the VAT area were found in adult men and older men and in adult women. WHR displayed the least correlations. The most sensitive and specific SAD cut-off points were equal for all the men (Adults: 20.2 cm /Older adults: 20.2 cm) but different for the women (Adults: 21.0 cm; sens.: 83.3; spec.: 79.1 /Older adults: 19.9 cm; sens.: 81.0; spec.:79.3). The WC cut-off points that identified a VAT area =130cm² were 90.2 cm and 92.2 cm for men (adult men - sens.: 86.7; spec.: 86.1 - and older men- sens.: 79.3; spec.: 77.8 -respectively), while for women the recorded values were 92.3 cm (adult women- sens.: 83.3; spec: 81.4) and 88.2 cm (older women - sens.:76.2; spec.: 69.0).This study showed that WC and SAD achieved the best performance in the identification of visceral fat considered at risk for the development of cardiometabolic diseases in adults and older adults.
Tejido adiposo visceral (TAV) está vinculado con las consecuencias metabólicas de la obesidad, siendo necesario el uso de métodos alternativos de predicción de este tipo de grasa, como la antropometría. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el desempeño de la antropometría en la predicción de la grasa visceral medido con tomografía computarizada en adultos y adultos mayores. Estudio transversal con 197 individuos sometidos a tomografía computarizada y la antropometría. Las variables fueron: área de TAV, diámetro abdominal sagital (DAS), circunferencia de cintura (CC) y el índice cintura-cadera (RCC). Análisis descriptivo, de correlación de Pearson y la Curva ROC se llevaron a cabo. Hemos observado correlaciones superiores a 0,7 (p=0,000) entre el DAS, CC y TAV en los hombres adultos y adultos mayores y en mujeres adultas. RCC muestren la mínima correlación. Los puntos de corte de DAS más sensible y específico son iguales para los hombres (adultos y adultos mayores: 20,2cm), pero diferente para las mujeres (Adultos: 21,0cm - sens.:83.3; espec.:79.1 /adultos mayores: 19,9cm - sens.: 81.0; espec.: 79.3). El CC de los puntos de corte fueron de 90,2cm y 92,2cm para los hombres (Hombres adultos- sens.: 86.7; espec.: 86.1- y los hombres mayores - sens.: 79.3; espec.: 77.8, respectivamente), mientras que para las mujeres los valores registrados fueron de 92.3cm (mujeres adultas- sens.: 83.3; espec.:81.4) y 88.2cm (mujeres mayores- sens.: 76.2; espec.:69.0). Este estudio mostró que la CC y el DAS lograr el mejor rendimiento en la identificación de la grasa visceral considerados de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiometabólicas en los adultos y adultos mayores.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anthropometry/methods , Body Mass Index , Intra-Abdominal Fat/anatomy & histology , Intra-Abdominal Fat , Waist-Hip Ratio , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a habilidade de indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal em identificar a resistência à insulina (RI), determinando-se os pontos de corte para os que apresentarem melhor eficácia. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 138 homens. Determinou-se: perímetro da cintura (PC), diâmetro abdominal sagital (DAS), índice de conicidade (IC), índice de massa corporal (IMC), percentual de gordura corporal ( por centoGC), índice sagital (IS) e relações cintura-estatura (RCE), cintura-quadril (RCQ) e cintura-coxa (RCCoxa). A RI foi avaliada pelo HOMA-IR. Utilizou-se análise de correlação e análise ROC, com determinação das áreas abaixo da curva (AUC). RESULTADOS: O DAS (r = 0,482; AUC = 0,746) e o PC (r = 0,464; AUC = 0,739) apresentaram correlações mais fortes com o HOMA-IR e maior poder discriminante para RI (p < 0,001), sendo seus melhores pontos de corte 89,3 cm e 20,0 cm, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Os indicadores de obesidade central, o PC e o DAS demonstraram maior habilidade em identificar RI em homens. Encoraja-se a realização de estudos com mulheres e idosos na busca dos melhores pontos de corte para toda a população.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of anthropometric and body composition indicators in identifying insulin resistance (IR), determining cut-off points for those showing the best efficacy. METHOD: 138 men were evaluated. Waist perimeter (WP), sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), conicity index, body mass index (BMI), body fat percent, sagittal index, and the waist-to-height, waist-to-hip and waist-to-thigh ratios were determined. IR was assessed by the HOMA-IR index. Statistical analysis consisted of Spearman correlation coefficient and ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves, calculating the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: SAD (r=0.482, AUC=0.746) and WP (r=0.464, AUC=0.739) showed stronger correlations with the HOMA-IR and greater ability to identify IR (p<0.001), being 89.3 cm and 20.0 cm the best cut-offs, respectively. CONCLUSION: The anthropometric indicators of central obesity, WP and SAD, have shown greater ability to identify IR in men. We encourage studies in women and elderly people in search of the best cut-off points for the entire population.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Anthropometry , Body Composition/physiology , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Homeostasis/physiology , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Predictive Value of Tests , Reference Values , ROC Curve , Waist Circumference , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reliability of the sagittal abdominal diameter and its validity as a predictor of visceral abdominal fat, as well as to identify the most appropriate cut-off points to identify the area of visceral fat that is known to represent a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. DESIGN: Validation study. SUBJECTS: 92 healthy volunteers (57 women, 35 men), age: 20-83 y, body mass index: 19.3 to 35.9 kg/m². MEASUREMENTS: Sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), weight, height, circumferences (waist, hip, and thigh), sub-scapular skinfold thickness, abdominal diameter index, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). METHOD OF CHOICE: Computed tomography (CT). STATISTIC: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: The reliability for SAD measurement was very high (Inter-class coefficient = 0.99). Visceral fat as measured by VAF through CT was highly correlated with SAD (women r = 0.80; men r = 0.64, p < 0.001), waist circumference (women r = 0.77; men r = 0.73, p < 0.001), and WHR (women r = 0.72; men r = 0.58, p < 0.001). The ROC curve indicated 19.3 cm and 20.5 cm as the threshold values for abdominal sagittal diameter in women and men (sensitivity 85 percent and 83 percent, specificity 77 percent and 82 percent, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: There was a high correlation between SAD and VAF. The cut-off values identified for SAD presented a sensitivity and specificity that were considered adequate.
OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a confiabilidade do diâmetro abdominal sagital e a sua validade enquanto preditor de gordura abdominal visceral, assim como identificar os pontos de corte mais apropriados para identificar a área de gordura visceral que é conhecida por representar fator de risco para doença cardiovascular. MÉTODOS: Desenho: Estudo de validação. Amostra: 92 voluntários saudáveis (57 mulheres, 35 homens), idade: 20-83 anos, índice de massa corporal: 19,3 a 35,9 kg/m². Medidas: Diâmetro abdominal sagital (DAS), peso, altura, circunferências (cintura, quadril e coxa), pregas cutâneas tricipital e subescapular, índice diâmetro abdominal e razão cintura-quadril (RCQ). MÉTODO DE ESCOLHA: Tomografia computadorizada (TC). ESTATíSTICA: Curva ROC (receiver operating characteristic). RESULTADOS: A confiabilidade do DAS foi muito alta (coeficiente inter-classe = 0,99). A área de gordura visceral medida pela TC teve uma alta correlação com o DAS (mulheres r = 0,80, homens r = 0,64, p < 0,001), circunferência da cintura (mulheres r = 0,77, homens r = 0,73, p < 0,001) e com a RCQ (mulheres r = 0,72, homens r = 0,58, p < 0,001). A curva ROC indicou 19,3 cm e 20,5 cm como valores limites para o diâmetro abdominal sagital em mulheres e homens (sensibilidade de 85 por cento e 83 por cento, especificidade de 77 por cento e 82 por cento, respectivamente). CONCLUSÕES: Observou-se alta correlação entre o DAS e a área de gordura abdominal visceral. Os pontos de corte identificados para o DAS apresentaram sensibilidade e especificidade adequadas.