The Use of an illuminative evaluation approach in the implementation assessment of a higher education institute course offered in the pandemic

@#While the regular evaluation of academic courses is an essential exercise for qualityassurance and improvement, among other purposes, the courses developed and offeredin the abrupt shift to remote learning during the pandemic merit monitoring andevaluation. An implementation assessment is recommended and the use of anIlluminative Approach is illustrated.

Implementación de un diseño curricular basado en competencias sobre seguridad y calidad asistencial / Implementation of Curricular Design Based on Healthcare Safety and Quality Competences

Introducción: La formación en seguridad asistencial es esencial para incrementar la calidad de la atención en enfermería. Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de cumplimiento en la implementación de un diseño curricular basado competencias en seguridad y calidad asistencial en la Escuela de Enfermería Universidad Finis Terrae. Métodos: Estudio mixto de tipo secuencial exploratorio realizado el año 2016. Se efectuó un análisis de contenido cualitativo de los perfiles de egreso de 38 Escuelas de Enfermería en Chile y 35 programas de estudio de la Escuela de Enfermería Universidad Finis Terrae. Posteriormente, se realizó un estudio descriptivo cuantitativo en 29 docentes y tres coordinadoras de asignatura seleccionados de forma intencional. Se utilizaron métodos estadísticos descriptivos, análisis cualitativos y dos niveles de triangulación de datos. Resultados: Seis escuelas de enfermería chilenas declararon conceptos relacionados a la seguridad y calidad asistencial. Referente a los programas de la institución estudiada, todos tienen incorporadas competencias asociadas a seguridad asistencial. En consideración a los resultados sobre la enseñanza de seguridad asistencial, el promedio obtenido fue alto (58,793; DS=9,217). La subvariable con mayor ponderación fue la conducta ética (9,1) y la de menor ponderación fue trabajo seguro (6,7). En las entrevistas semiestructuradas, la mayoría de coordinadoras consideraron la calidad asistencial como lo más importante. Conclusiones: El grado de cumplimiento de la implementación del diseño curricular orientado hacia el desarrollo de competencias en seguridad y calidad asistencial es alto. Sin embargo, el grado de importancia otorgado a los temas sobre seguridad y calidad asistencial fue diferente entre docentes y coordinadores(AU)

Introduction: Healthcare safety training is essential to increase the quality of nursing care. Objective: To assess the degree of compliance in the implementation of a curricular design based on safety and quality of care competences at the School of Nursing of Finis Terrae University. Methods: Mixed study of exploratory and sequential type carried out in 2016. A qualitative content analysis was carried out of the graduation profiles of 38 nursing schools in Chile and 35 study programs of the School of Nursing of Finis Terrae University. Subsequently, a quantitative descriptive study was carried out with 29 professors and three intentionally selected subject coordinators. Descriptive statistical methods, qualitative analysis and two levels of data triangulation were used. Results: Six Chilean nursing schools declared concepts related to safety and quality of care. Regarding the programs of the institution studied, all include competences associated with healthcare safety. Concerning the results about teaching of healthcare safety, the average obtained was high (58.793; SD=9,217). The subvariable with the highest weighting was ethical conduct (9.1) and the one with the lowest weighting was safe work (6.7). In the semistructured interviews, the majority of the coordinators considered quality of care as the most important element. Conclusions: The degree of compliance with the implementation of the curricular design oriented towards the development safety and quality of care competences is high. However, the degree of importance given to safety and quality of care issues was different between teachers and coordinators(AU)

Incremento del conocimiento en soporte vital básico facilitado por un recurso educativo digital / Basic life support knowledge acquisition using a digital educational resource / Incremento do conhecimento em suporte vital básico facilitado por um recurso educativo digital

Resumen Introducción: La enfermedad cardiovascular es responsable de 17.3 millones de muertes por año en el mundo y conlleva a complicaciones como el paro cardiorrespiratorio, el cual se puede presentar tanto en el escenario intra como extrahospitalario. Tener una comunidad capacitada posibilita la sobrevida y/o mitigación de secuelas. Con el propósito de aumentar la población capacitada en soporte vital básico, favorecer el aprendizaje y dedicar más tiempo al desarrollo de habilidades prácticas, se construyó un recurso educativo digital. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de un recurso educativo digital en el proceso de aprendizaje de soporte vital básico en integrantes de la comunidad de una institución de educación superior. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, pre-experimental tipo pre-prueba/pos-prueba en un solo grupo. Resultados: El recurso educativo digital para el aprendizaje de soporte vital básico en 110 estudiantes incrementó el conocimiento, mostró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en los resultados del post-test en comparación con el pre-test: p<0.01 para grupos ajustados al modelo gaussiano y p<0.05 para el grupo no ajustado. Discusión: Los resultados de implementar un recurso educativo digital para la enseñanza de soporte vital básico es consecuente con los beneficios hallados en otros estudios similares. Los Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje favorecen en los estudiantes la motivación, el aprendizaje autorregulado y la apropiación de conocimientos, por lo que los proponen como estrategia de aprendizaje. Conclusión: El recurso educativo digital favoreció el aprendizaje e incrementó el conocimiento, requisito necesario en la formación como primer respondiente en los tres grupos de estudiantes de pregrado que participaron en el presente estudio.

Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are accountable for 17.3 million deaths per year in the world. Cardiac arrests can happen anywhere. Therefore, having a correspondingly trained community can increase the survival chance and decrease the possible aftermath of those suffering complications. Objective: To estimate the effect of using a digital educational resource in the learning process related to basic life support among participants of a higher education institution. Methods: This is a quantitative, pre-experimental, pre-test-post-test study on a single group. Results: The use of a digital educational resource in the learning process related to basic life support increased knowledge acquisition in 110 students, demonstrating a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test levels (p < 0.01 for the gaussian model adjusted group, and p < 0.05 for the unadjusted one). Discussion: These results are consistent with the findings of other similar studies. Since Virtual Learning Objects can foster motivation, self-regulated learning, and knowledge acquisition among students, this methodology is recommended as a complementary learning strategy. Conclusion: The digital educational resource increased knowledge acquisition related to basic life support among the participating students, making them better suited to address possible complications of cardiovascular diseases.

Resumo Introdução: A doença cardiovascular é responsável de 17.3 milhões de mortes por ano no mundo e envolve a complicações como a paragem cardiorrespiratória, o qual se pode apresentar tanto no cenário intra como extra-hospitalar. Ter uma comunidade capacitada possibilita a sobrevida e/ou mitigação de sequelas. Com o propósito de aumentar a população capacitada em suporte vital básico, favorecer a aprendizagem e dedicar mais tempo no desenvolvimento de habilidades práticas, construiu-se um recurso educativo digital. Objetivo: Determinar o efeito de um recurso educativo digital no processo de aprendizagem de suporte vital básico em integrantes da comunidade de uma instituição de educação superior. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, pre-experimental tipo pre-teste/pos-teste apenas em um grupo. Resultados: O recurso educativo digital para a aprendizagem de suporte vital básico em 110 estudantes incrementou o conhecimento, mostrou uma diferença estatisticamente significativa nos resultados do post-teste em comparação com o pre-teste: p<0.01 para grupos ajustados ao modelo gaussiano e p<0.05 para o grupo não ajustado. Discussão: Os resultados para desenvolver um recurso educativo digital para o ensino de suporte vital básico, é consequente com os benefícios encontrados em outros estudos similares. Os Objetos Virtuais de Aprendizagem favorecem aos estudantes na motivação, na aprendizagem autorregulada e na apropriação de conhecimentos, pelo que os propõem como estratégia de aprendizagem. Conclusão: O recurso educativo digital favoreceu na aprendizagem e incrementou o conhecimento, requerimento necessário na formação como primeiro respondente nos três grupos de estudantes de pré-grau que participar no presente estudo.

Políticas de evaluación del desempeño del docente universitario, mito o realidad / Policies for the assessment of the performance of university professors: a myth or a reality

Desde la perspectiva de la calidad en educación, la evaluación docente es una piedra angular que posibilita la mejora de los procesos formulados en las políticas educativas. Aunque se le ha concedido un rol operativo como mecanismo de medición, control, homogenización e influenciado por las políticas neoliberales internacionales. El objetivo del artículo es identificar los lineamientos de las políticas de evaluación docente en Colombia y reasignarle un verdadero sentido a través de una propuesta, la cual permita el desarrollo profesoral continuo. De tal forma que, ésta evaluación se considere un verdadero instrumento de reflexión que propicie la participación de todos los actores involucrados en el proceso educativo, y cuya finalidad sea el aporte de elementos de análisis que contribuyan a la construcción de consensos para la toma de decisiones, que trasciendan en la consolidación de las comunidades educativas, exaltando el colegaje, el trabajo autónomo y la profesionalización docente(AU)

From the perspective of quality in education, teachers' assesment is a cornerstone that makes it possible to improve the processes formulated by the educational policies, although it has been given an operational role as a mechanism for measurement, control, homogenization, and influenced by international neoliberal policies. The objective of this article is to identify the guidelines for educational assessment policies in Colombia and reassign a true meaning through a proposal, which may allow continuous teachers' development. Thus, this assessment might be considered a real tool for reflection that encourages the participation of all players involved in the educational process, and whose purpose is contributing with elements of analysis that contribute to the construction of consensus for decision-making, and that transcend in the consolidation of the educative communities, being exalted the colleague state, autonomous work and the teachers' professionalization(AU)

Integración curricular mecanicista versus sistémica / Curricular integration in medical education

Introducción: la integración curricular ha sido un factor fundamental para el desarrollo de los currículos médicos modernos; sin embargo, en sus modelos más conocidos, que incluyen la integración horizontal y vertical, se continúan entendiéndose el aprendizaje de la medicina en torno a temas, tal como se hace en los currículos tradicionales. Esta manera de concebir el aprendizaje no permite analizar de manera metodológica el diseño de currículos integrados/integradores que involucran otras formas de aprender. Objetivo: suscitar una reflexión teórica y metodológica sobre la integración curricular en la educación médica con la finalidad de orientar el diseño y la evaluación de los currículos integrados/integradores y polemizar sobre qué tan innovadoras son las integraciones verticales y horizontales. Desarrollo: los currículos integrados horizontal y verticalmente son similares a los currículos tradicionales fragmentados en su concepción lineal del diseño, mientras que en la integración curricular sistémica, cuyos ejemplos pueden visualizarse en los currículos diseñados mediante el aprendizaje basado en problemas, se aborda el diseño curricular de manera circular mediante la conexión de cuestiones que se retroalimentan las unas a las otras, por tanto, las actividades de aprendizaje podrían diseñarse y evaluarse de forma simultánea. Conclusiones: al pensar en la integración curricular como una estrategia de innovación educativa implica debatir qué se entiende por currículos integrados/integradores, cómo se analizando la práctica de nuestros currículos médicos, con qué marcos teóricos estamos realizando ese análisis y qué implicaciones tiene esto en el diseño y la evaluación de los currículos(AU)

Introduction: Curricular integration has been a fundamental factor in the development of modern medical curricula; however, in its more well-known models, including horizontal and vertical integrations, the learning of medicine around subjects, as it is done in traditional curricula, continues to be understood. This way of conceiving learning does not allow methodological analysis of the design of integrated/integrative curricula that involve other ways of learning. Objective: To stimulate a theoretical and methodological reflection on curriculum integration in medical education, with the aim of orienting the design and assessment of integrated/integrative curricula and to discuss how innovative vertical and horizontal integrations are. Development: Horizontally and vertically integrated curricula are similar to traditional curricula fragmented in their design linear conception, while in systemic curricular integration, examples of which can be visualized in curricula designed through problem-based learning, curricular design is addressed in a circular way by connecting issues that feed back to one another; therefore, learning activities could be designed and assessed simultaneously. Conclusions: Thinking about curricular integration as a strategy of educational innovation implies discussing what we are understanding as integrated/ integrative curricula, how we are analyzing the practice of our medical curricula, with which theoretical frameworks we are doing that analysis, and what implications this has in curricula design and assessment(AU)

Estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais nas avaliações em larga escala: prova Brasil e ENEM / Students with special educational needs in large-scale national testing: prova Brasil and ENEM

O presente estudo trata da escolarização de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais, na rede regular de ensino do município de Londrina (PR), por meio da análise das avaliações em larga escala. Especificamente, objetivou analisar a participação e o desempenho da referida população nas avaliações: Prova Brasil e Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM), nos anos de 2007 e 2008, e teve como base empírica os microdados dessas avaliações disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisa Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), segundo as variáveis: participação na prova, tipo de necessidade educacional especial, sexo, raça-etnia, idade e desempenho. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que uma parcela significativa da população com necessidade educacional especial realizou o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM); entretanto, na Prova Brasil a participação dos alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais foi mínima, o que reforça a ideia de ambiguidade entre discurso e prática inclusiva.

This study addresses the education of students with special educational needs in mainstream education in Londrina, Paraná, by analyzing large-scale national academic achievement assessments. Specifically the study aimed to analyze the participation and performance of this group of students in the Prova Brasil and ENEM tests for the years 2007 and 2008. The empirical basis for the study were microdata from the tests provided by the Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisa Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), within the following variables: participation in the test, type of special educational need, sex, race-ethnicity, age and performance. The results indicate that a significant portion of the population with special educational needs underwent the ENEM, however the participation of students with special educational needs in the Prova Brasil was minimal, reinforcing the idea of ambiguity between inclusive discourse and practice.

Feedback for inappropriate behavior of medical students in early clinical exposure / 医学教育

<br>Background: Some early clinical exposure programs in the community have been implemented in our medical school from years 1 to 3: community service for the handicapped in year 1, care for severely handicapped children in year 2, and health care at home with district nurses in year 3. The directors of these programs informed us, in feedback reports, of the inappropriate behavior of medical students. We then provided feedback directly to the students. We investigated the changes in student behavior after feedback during the 3 years they participated in these programs.<br>Methods: We analyzed the feedback reports from these 3 early clinical exposure programs from 2009 to 2011. Inappropriate behavior of medical students and changes in behavior were recorded.<br>Results: Inappropriate behaviors reported were: 1） lack of essential learning behavior, 2） lack of positive attitude and acceptance of learning in the programs, and 3） lack of communication skills. The numbers of students who received feedback about inappropriate behaviors were 26 in year 1, 11 in year 2, and 2 in year 3. Feedback to students from early clinical exposure programs may lead to changes in their behavior.

Sistema(s) de avaliação da educação superior brasileira / Brazilian higher education assessment system(s)

O presente artigo busca contribuir para a discussão das políticas públicas ligadas à avaliação institucional brasileira, nas duas versões mais recentes do denominado Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior. A primeira foi implantada no governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e a segunda, aprimorada no governo de Lula da Silva. Ambas têm como referência o contexto das demandas sociais de expansão da matrícula na educação superior, a incapacidade do Estado brasileiro em atendê-las, a consequente privatização incremental na matrícula daquele nível de ensino e um provável jogo de cena para aparentar certa regulação da qualidade na oferta do ensino. Na última parte, indica a retomada da avaliação brasileira nos moldes do Programa de Avaliação das Instituições Universitárias Brasileiras (PAIUB), separando radicalmente a avaliação da regulação.

This paper contributes to the discussion on public policies linked to the last two versions of Brazilian institutional assessment, called National Assessment System of Higher Education. The first one was implanted by Fernando Henrique Cardoso's administration, and the second one improved by Lula's government. Both are referred to the context of the social demand for expansion and diversification of school registration in higher education, the Brazilian State incapacity to meet them, the consequent growing privatization of that education level and a probable make-believe intended to exhibit a certain regulation of the quality of education provision. Its last part considers the rescue of Brazilian assessment in the molds of the Program of Assessment of the Brazilian Institutional Universities (PAIUB) and radically separates assessment from regulation.