Percepciones sobre la institucionalización de la persona adulta mayor en Barranquilla, Colombia / Perceptions about the Institutionalization of the Elderly in Barranquilla, Colombia

Resumen Introducción: El crecimiento demográfico global observado en personas adultas mayores plantea múltiples retos para el diseño de políticas de bienestar y salud pública, los cuales requieren introducir mejoras para su calidad de vida, la de la familia y la comunidad. El presente estudio resultado de investigación recoge las percepciones relacionadas con la disyuntiva entre vivir la vida en familia o la institucionalización de las personas adultas mayores en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción que se tiene sobre la institucionalización de las personas adultas mayores desde la perspectiva del sujeto y la familia vinculados a los hogares geriátricos/gerontológicos y grupos de la tercera edad en la ciudad. Método: La investigación se realizó desde un enfoque hermenéutico, aplicando entrevistas semiestructuradas a las personas adultas mayores y las familias. Resultado: En la ciudad existe una heterogeneidad en relación con las percepciones sobre la forma de vivir esta etapa del desarrollo humano y que se encuentra estrechamente relacionada con aspectos como la salud, la economía, la funcionalidad familiar y el cuidado subrogado como un fenómeno social vinculado a la migración de las familias. Conclusión: El tema plantea desafíos que hay que enfrentar en Colombia y el mundo ante el envejecimiento, especialmente en el contexto de la pobreza, disfuncionalidad familiar y desigualdad. Se definen las causas y consecuencias de la institucionalización de las personas adultas mayores, así como las alternativas de cuidado familiar y social, explorando las características culturales y demográficas que influyen en la situación de las personas adultas mayores en el país.

Abstract Introduction: The global demographic growth observed in the segment of older adults poses multiple challenges for the design of well-being and public health policies in the countries, which requires introducing improvements that positively impact the quality of life of the older adult, the family and the community. The present study, a result of descriptive research, collects the perceptions related to the dilemma between living life as a family or the institutionalization of the elderly in the city of Barranquilla. Objective: To determine the perception of the institutionalization of the elderly from the perspective of the subject and the family linked to geriatric/gerontological homes and groups of the elderly in the city. Method: The research was carried out from a hermeneutic approach, applying semi-structured interviews to older adults and families. Result: There is heterogeneity in the city in relation to perceptions about the way of living this stage of human development and that it is closely related to aspects such as health, economy, family functionality, and the surrogate care as a social phenomenon linked to family migration. Conclusion: The topic raises challenges to be faced in Colombia and the world when it comes to aging, especially in the context of poverty, family dysfunction and inequality. The causes and consequences of the institutionalization of the elderly are defined, as well as the alternatives of family and social care, exploring the cultural and demographic characteristics that influence the situation of the elderly in the country.

Bibliometric analysis of researches on the Plasmodium falciparum repetitive interspersed families of polypeptides protein from 1993 to 2022 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To perform a bibliometric analysis of researches on the Plasmodium falciparum repetitive interspersed families of polypeptides (RIFIN) protein from 1993 to 2022 and identify the hot topics in the RIFIN protein research, so as to provide insights into future researches on RIFIN protein. Methods RIFIN protein-associated publications were retrieved in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1993 to 2022 and all bibliometric analyses were performed using the software CiteSpace 6.2.4.0. The annual number of RIFIN protein-associated publications was analyzed from 1993 to 2022, and country, author and institution collaboration networks were created. Keywords were extracted from RIFIN protein-associated publications for plotting keyword co-occurrence, clustering, burst and timeline maps to identify the hot topics in the RIFIN protein research. Results A total of 745 English RIFIN protein-associated publications were included in the final bibliometric analysis, and there were 18 to 36 publications each year from 1993 to 2022. The top three countries with the highest activity in the RIFIN protein research included the United States, the United Kingdom and France, universities and research institutes were highly active in the RIFIN protein research; however, no authors were identified with a high activity in the RIFIN protein research. There were three keyword clusters in the RIFIN protein-associated publications, including repetitive DNA sequence, molecular epidemiology and antigenic variation. Keyword co-occurrence, burst and timeline analyses showed that previous RIFIN protein-associated publications mainly focused on gene properties and functions, involving keywords of repetitive DNA sequence and evolution, and recent hot topics for the RIFIN protein research shifted to genetic diversity and immune response, involving keywords of genetic diversity, antigenic variation and binding. Conclusions The annual number of RIFIN protein-associated publications was relatively stable from 1993 to 2022. This bibliometric analysis may provide insights into future researches on the RIFIN protein.

Current Status of Do-not-resuscitate Discussions for Terminal Cancer Patients in Japan

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the current status of Do-Not-Resuscitate discussions (DNRd) with terminally ill cancer patients in Japan and the psychological burden on bereaved families depending on whether or not a DNRd is performed. Method: A multicenter prospective observational study of advanced cancer patients admitted to 23 palliative care units (PCUs) in Japan was conducted, and a questionnaire survey of bereaved families was also conducted after patients died. Result: 1,605 patients were included in the analysis, and 71.4% of patients had a DNRd with doctors before PCU admission, 10.8% at admission, and 11.4% during admission. In contrast, 93.3% of family members had a DNRd with doctors before PCU admission, 48.4% at admission, and 52.1% during admission. Conclusion: Although DNRd was performed between patients and physicians in 72.3% of cases at any point throughout the course of time from before PCU admission to death, there was no evidence of psychological burden such as depression or complicated grief in the bereaved families due to patient participation in DNRd.

Impact on Bereaved Families’ Experience of Deceased Patients Discharge Using the Hospital’s Main Entrance

Our former independent palliative care center has become a palliative care ward in our new general hospital, and deceased patients continue to be discharged through the building’s main entrance. We compared the impact of this change on the discharge experience of bereaved families. As a result, the number of bereaved families who felt uneasy when their relatives were discharged from the hospital increased from 13% to 23%. On the other hand, the number of bereaved families who had a feeling of uneasiness when encountering the discharge of other deceased patients decreased from 52% to 28%. Although positive feedback was received for discharge using the main entrance, our findings emphasize the need for thorough consideration by medical staff of the manner of discharge in general hospitals. In response to bereaved families’ requests, our hospital has introduced a discharge system that allows families to choose whether to leave through the main entrance or through other entrances, aiming to improve the discharge experience.

A ABRAFH e a visibilidade de famílias homotransparentais / The ABRAFH and the visibility of homo and transparenthood families

Resumo Entrevista realizada por Anna Paula Uziel, professora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, com Saulo Amorim, que foi presidente da ABRAFH (Associação Brasileira de Família Homotransafetivas), sobre a história da Associação, seus impactos na difusão dessas configurações familiares e como se cruza com a história de paternidade do entrevistado. Os diferentes personagens que compõem essa história falam do momento político do país, da incorporação da transparentalidades à Associação e de como esta vai se constituindo em um espaço de sociabilidade e conforto para quem exerce parentalidades não hegemônicas.

Abstract This is an interview conducted by Anna Paula Uziel, a professor at Rio de Janeiro State University, with Saulo Amorim, who was president of ABRAFH (Brazilian Association of Homotransafetive Families), about the history of the Association, its impact on the spread of these family configurations, and how it intersects with the interviewee's fatherhood story. The different characters who make up this story speak about the political moment in the country, the incorporation of transparenthood into ABRAFH. and how it is becoming a space of sociability and comfort for those who practice non-hegemonic parenting.

Reconhecimento legal da homoparentalidade e ciência. Uma entrevista com Mar González / Legal recognition of LGB-parent families and science. An interview with Mar González

Resumo Mar González é psicóloga e foi uma das pioneiras nos estudos sobre a homoparentalidade na Espanha. Suas pesquisas, a partir dos anos 2000, tiveram papel relevante no debate parlamentar no país, que culminou com a aprovação do casamento homossexual em 2015. A Espanha, um país de maioria católica que havia deixado a ditadura franquista três décadas antes, foi o terceiro país no mundo, depois de Bélgica e Holanda, a reconhecer o direito de união da população homossexual. Seus estudos versam sobre famílias não convencionais, diversidade familiar, desenvolvimento infantil e familiar e sua relação com educação e saúde. Nossa conversa tratou do tema da homoparentalidade, do estabelecimento dos direitos de filiação para esse grupo social, dos estudos sobre essas configurações familiares e as principais implicações da homoparentalidade para a saúde.

Abstract Mar González is a psychologist and one of the pioneers in studies on LGB-parent families in Spain. Her research work from the 2000s onwards played an essential role in the parliamentary debate in the country, which culminated in the approval of same-sex marriage in 2005. Spain, a Catholic-majority country that had left the Franco dictatorship three decades earlier, was the third country in the world, after Belgium and Netherlands, to recognize the right of gay and lesbian people to unite. Her studies address unconventional families, family diversity, child and family development, and their relationship with education and health. Our conversation addressed LBG parenthood, the establishment of filiation rights for this social group, studies on these family configurations, and leading LGB parenthood health implications.

Cuidados y acompañamiento educativo durante el confinamiento en los hogares por COVID 19. La perspectiva de las familias de escuelas públicas

La suspensión de la presencialidad escolar durante el período de confinamiento por motivo de la pandemia por COVID 19 alteró la vida cotidiana de las familias uruguayas y generó desafíos para el acompañamiento educativo de las infancias. Este artículo analiza las experiencias de las familias en este período, haciendo énfasis en la organización de los cuidados y las actividades de acompañamiento y sostén del tránsito escolar de niñas y niños, identificando obstáculos y oportunidades. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, que utilizó como técnica inicial, un cuestionario autoadministrado que permitió identificar aspectos de las experiencias de las familias tomados como guía para la realización de grupos de discusión. Aquí se comparten los resultados del cuestionario online respondido por un total de 278 referentes familiares de niños y niñas que cursaron de 1ero a 3er año escolar en instituciones públicas durante los años 2020 y 2021. Como principales conclusiones se destaca que las familias participantes perciben como satisfactorio el acompañamiento desde los centros escolares. Las dificultades halladas se relacionan principalmente con el tipo de propuesta educativa y modo de comunicación establecido con las maestras, las condiciones materiales del hogar (disponibilidad de dispositivos electrónicos, conectividad, espacio físico, etc.), disponibilidad de tiempo, afectiva y cognitiva para enseñar o motivar al aprendizaje de sus hijos e hijas. Rescatando la oportunidad que significó compartir más tiempo con los niños y niñas, se presenta la preocupación por manifestaciones de malestar físico y psíquico ante la situación de distancia de la cotidianeidad escolar y sus exigencias.

A suspensão da presença escolar durante o período de confinamento devido à pandemia da COVID 19 alterou o cotidiano das famílias uruguaias e gerou desafios para o acompanhamento educacional das crianças. Este artigo analisa as experiências das famílias neste período, enfatizando a organização de cuidados e atividades para acompanhar e apoiar o trânsito escolar de meninas e meninos, identificando obstáculos e oportunidades. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que utilizou como técnica inicial um questionário autoaplicável que possibilitou identificar aspectos das vivências das famílias tomadas para a condução dos grupos de discussão. Aqui são partilhados os resultados do questionário online respondido por um total de 278 representantes de famílias de meninos e meninas que frequentam o 1.º ao 3.º ano de escolaridade em instituições públicas durante os anos de 2020 e 2021. Destacam-se como principais conclusões que as famílias participantes percebem um acompanhamento das escolas como satisfatório. As dificuldades encontradas estão relacionadas principalmente ao tipo de proposta educativa e modo de comunicação estabelecido com os professores, às condições materiais do domicílio (disponibilidade de aparelhos eletrônicos, conectividade, espaço físico, etc.), disponibilidade de tempo, afetivo e cognitivo para ensinar ou motivar seus filhos e filhas a aprender. Resgatando a oportunidade que significou compartilhar mais tempo com os meninos e meninas, surge a preocupação por causa das manifestações de desconforto físico e psicológico devido à situação de distanciamento do cotidiano escolar e suas demandas.

The suspension of school attendance during the confinement period due to the COVID 19 pandemic, altered the daily lives of Uruguayan families and generated challenges for the educational accompaniment of children. This article analyzes the experiences of families in this period, emphasizing in the organization of care and activities to accompany and support the school of girls and boys, identifying obstacles and opportunities. In this qualitative study, was used as an initial technique, a self-administered questionnaire that identified aspects of the families experiences taken as a guide for conducting discussion groups. The online questionnaire was answered by a total of 278 family representatives of boys and girls who attended the 1st to 3rd year of public school institutions during the years 2020 and 2021. The main conclusions show that accompaniment from schools was perceived as satisfactory from the participating families. The difficulties encountered are mainly related to the type of educational proposal and mode of communication established with the teachers, the material conditions of the home (availability of electronic devices, connectivity, space conditions, etc.), and the disposition of time, affective and cognitive ability to teach or motivate their sons and daughters to learn. Rescuing the opportunity that meant sharing more time with the boys and girls, there is concern about manifestations of physical and psychological bother due to the situation of distance from daily school life and its requirements.

As crianças, o cuidado hospitalar e as redes de familiaridade: como gestar a complexidade de saúde? / Children, hospital care and familiarity networks: how to manage health complexity?

Resumo O artigo se situa no cuidado às crianças que frequentam hospitais e suas redes tecidas para suporte, acrescido do lugar atribuído às famílias nesse cenário. Assume-se o entendimento de que as redes de relações são constitutivas do cuidado de crianças e adolescentes com condições crônicas e complexas de saúde. Essas redes são discutidas à luz de autoras que contribuem com esse campo conceitual, como Elizabeth Bott, Cláudia Fonseca e Cynthia Sarti. O objetivo se concentra em interpretar a organização de famílias para participação no cuidado, considerando suas redes de relações. Foi realizado estudo de natureza qualitativa em um setor de hospital infantil do Rio de Janeiro. As técnicas de produção de dados foram observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas com as famílias da sala de espera. O material obtido foi transcrito e a análise seguiu a perspectiva teórico-analítica e interpretação de sentidos. Cinco tipologias de famílias foram identificadas. A construção das redes de familiaridades a partir das relações entre cuidadoras(es), a pesquisadora e os profissionais foi o eixo analítico apresentado. A participação no cuidado enfatiza as redes de familiaridades construídas que ultrapassam a consanguinidade e a circulação de crianças viabiliza o processo.

Abstract The article focuses on the care of children who attend hospitals and their networks created for support, in addition to the place attributed to families in this scenario. The understanding is assumed that networks of relationships are constitutive of the care of children and adolescents with chronic and complex health conditions. These networks are discussed in the light of authors who contribute to this conceptual field, such as Elizabeth Bott, Cláudia Fonseca and Cynthia Sarti. It aims to support the organization of families to participate in care, considering their networks of relationships. A qualitative study was carried out in a children's hospital sector in Rio de Janeiro. Data production techniques were participant observation and semi-structured interviews with families in the waiting room. The material obtained was transcribed and the analysis followed the theoretical-analytical perspective and interpretation of meanings. Five family typologies were identified. The construction of familiarity networks based on the relationships between caregivers, the researcher and professionals, was the analytical axis presented. Participation in care emphasizes the networks of familiarities built that go beyond consanguinity and the circulation of children makes the process viable.

Children between Judicialized Family Ties: A Psychoanalytical Reading on the Parental Alienation / Filhos entre Laços Familiares Judicializados: Uma Leitura Psicanalítica sobre a Alienação Parental

Abstract This article analyses the dynamics and psychological processes underlying judicialized conflicts that are known as parental alienation, examining three case studies in the light of psychoanalysis. The litigation experienced by the child reflects their embarrassments with the Other in their search for answers to their enigmas and affections, amid guerrilla warfare between those who occupy parental roles. The study pinpoints the pathways required to understand parental alienation: in a socio-historical journey through how parental and marital ties are conceived and recreated; in a passage through the grief that the subjects suffer during family reconstitution; and through a rereading of the phenomenon focused on the uniqueness of the symptom. We are hopeful that it will support a more critical and skilled praxis for those who work in the judiciary.

Resumo Este artigo analisa dinâmicas e processos psíquicos subjacentes aos conflitos judicializados sob a nomeação de alienação parental, através de três estudos de caso, à luz da psicanálise. O litígio vivenciado pela criança reflete seus embaraços com o Outro na busca por respostas aos seus enigmas e afetos, em meio à guerrilha daqueles que se ocupam das funções parentais. O estudo localiza travessias necessárias à compreensão da alienação parental: das formas sócio-históricas de se conceber e recriar os laços familiares; dos lutos no percurso da recomposição familiar; da releitura do fenômeno visando à singularidade do sintoma. Espera-se contribuir para uma práxis mais crítica e qualificada dos que atuam no Judiciário.

Interculturalidad e infancia rural: trabajo y cuidado en La Araucanía, Chile / Interculturality and rural childhood: work and care in La Araucanía, Chile

(analítico) Desde una mirada intercultural, se exploraron los significados de infancia en la agricultura familiar campesina, así como sus implicaciones en términos de trabajo y provisión de cuidados a niños y niñas. A partir de la tensión entre los significados universales de infancia basados en un enfoque de derechos y el trabajo en el campo del cual participan las personas desde temprana edad, se realizó un estudio cualitativo con diseño de teoría fundamentada y aplicación de entrevistas a mujeres cuidadoras y profesionales de programas de desarrollo rural en Chile. Se evidenció que a medida que la infancia aumenta en actoría social, disminuyen las prácticas de trabajo y se profundizan las de cuidado. Los resultados alientan a pensar en la proyección de una ontología de la niñez rural.

(analytical) Using an intercultural perspective, this study explores the meanings of childhood in the rural peasant population, as well as the implications of these meanings on the allocation of tasks and providing care to boys and girls. Taking into account the tension between universal meanings of childhood that draw on rights-based perspectives and the traditional practice of children working in agriculture, we conducted a qualitative study using a grounded theory methodology. Interviews were conducted with women caregivers and staff who work in rural development programs in Chile. The study's results show that as childhood has had an increasing value with children becoming more and more recognized as social actors, traditional child work practices in agriculture have decreased and care practices have been strengthened. The author concludes that the results of the research have consequences when thinking about an ontology for rural children.

(analítico) A partir de uma perspectiva intercultural, exploramos os significados da infância entre famílias voltadas para agricultura familiar camponesa, bem como suas implicações em termos de trabalho e prestação de cuidados às meninos e meninas. Considerando a tensão existente entre os significados universais da infância a partir de uma abordagem de direitos e o trabalho no campo, no qual as pessoas se engajam desde muito cedo, realizamos um estudo qualitativo, com base na teoria fundamentada, onde realizamos entrevistas com mulheres cuidadoras e profissionais dos programas de desenvolvimento rural no Chile. Evidenciamos que à medida que a infância adquiriu um valor ao nível da atuação social, as práticas de trabalho diminuíram e as práticas de cuidado se aprofundaram. Conclui-se sobre as consequências dos resultados para pensar uma ontologia da infância rural.

Percepción familiar de la vigilancia del desarrollo psicomotor en niños menores de un año / Family Perception about Surveillance of Psychomotor Development in Infants Aged less than one Year

Introducción: El desarrollo psicomotor es un proceso gradual y continuo; las familias cubanas necesitan herramientas que les permitan vigilarlo. Objetivo: Describir las percepciones que poseen las familias de la vigilancia del desarrollo psicomotor de sus hijos menores de un año. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, de tipo fenomenológica, en el Consultorio del Médico y la Enfermera de la Familia No. 9 del Policlínico Universitario Héroes del Moncada, La Habana, de noviembre 2019 a febrero 2022. El referente teórico fue el Modelo de Traducción del Conocimiento. Las unidades de análisis fueron ocho familias que tenían un niño menor de un año, a las que se aplicó el Método Creativo Sensible, mediante la dinámica de arte del Árbol del conocimiento. Se grabaron las sesiones, y las narrativas fueron transcritas en un cuerpo textual a las que se les realizó análisis de contenido. Resultados: Las familias expresaron que la llegada del niño significó alegría y unión familiar; así como la necesidad de contar con diferentes materiales que ayudaran para la vigilancia del desarrollo psicomotor. De las 33 pautas analizadas fue necesario traducir tres al lenguaje familiar. Conclusiones: El nacimiento de un hijo tuvo un efecto favorable. La dinámica empleada fue efectiva para el propósito de la descripción de las pautas del desarrollo psicomotor para niños cubanos por las familias estudiadas. Se evidenció la necesidad de algún tipo de herramienta para la vigilancia del desarrollo psicomotor(AU)

Introduction: Psychomotor development is a gradual and continuous process; Cuban families need tools that allow them to monitor it. Objective: To describe the families' perceptions with respect to monitoring the psychomotor development of their infants aged less than one year. Methods: A qualitative research, of phenomenological type, was carried out in the family doctor and nurse's office 9, belonging to Policlínico Universitario Heroes del Moncada, of Havana, from November 2019 to February 2022. The theoretical reference was the knowledge translation model. The units of analysis were 8 families with an infant aged less than one year and applied the creative sensitive method, using the art dynamics of the tree of knowledge. The sessions were recorded, and the narratives were transcribed into a textual body later subjected to content analysis. Results: The families expressed that the arrival of the child meant joy and family unity, as well as the need to have different materials that help monitor the child's psychomotor development. Of the 33 guidelines analyzed, it was necessary to translate three into a family language. Conclusions: The birth of a child had a favorable effect. The used dynamics was effective for the purpose that the studied families describe psychomotor development guidelines for their Cuban children. The need for some kind of tool for monitoring of psychomotor development was evidenced(AU)

Sustentabilidade afetiva nos atendimentos do CREAS: as percepções das famílias / Affective support in the service of CREAS: the perceptions of families / Sostenibilidad afectiva en los servicios del CREAS: las percepciones de las familias

A Política de Assistência Social mantém a centralidade de suas intervenções na instituição familiar a fim de fortalecer a garantia de direitos à população em situação de desproteção social. Atento a esse cenário, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em analisar a percepção das famílias sobre as intervenções realizadas pelos psicólogos em um Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (CREAS) situado em uma cidade do interior do estado do Paraná. Adotando uma perspectiva qualitativa, os seis participantes relataram a experiência desses atendimentos e seus impactos sobre a família. Como resultado, foi possível conhecer os receios e medos presentes nos primeiros contatos e como isso foi superado à medida que o vínculo afetivo era fortalecido, abrindo espaço para o relato das experiências difíceis de violência familiar. Ao final da pesquisa, foi possível compreender a relevância de construir uma sustentabilidade afetiva capaz de afirmar a vinculação e acolher as famílias. (AU)

Social Assistance Policy maintains the centrality of its interventions in the family institution in order to strengthen the guarantee of rights to the population in a situation of social unprotect. Aware of this scenario, the objective of this research was to analyze the perception of families on the interventions carried out by psychologists at a Specialized Social Assistance Reference Center (CREAS) located in a city in the interior of the state of Paraná. Adopting a qualitative perspective, the six participants reported the experience of these services and their impacts on the family. As a result, it was possible to know the fears and dreads present in the first contacts and how this was overcome as the affective bond was strengthened, opening space for reporting difficult family violence experiences. At the end of the research, it was possible to understand the relevance of building an affective sustainability capable of affirming the link and welcoming the families. (AU)

La Política de Asistencia Social mantiene la centralidad de sus intervenciones en la institución familiar para fortalecer la garantía de derechos a la población en situación de desprotección social. Conscientes de este escenario, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la percepción de las familias sobre las intervenciones realizadas por psicólogos en un Centro de Referencia Especializado en Asistencia Social (CREAS) ubicado en una ciudad del interior del estado de Paraná. Adoptando una perspectiva cualitativa, los seis participantes relataron la experiencia de estos servicios y sus impactos en la familia. Como resultado, fue posible conocer los miedos y ansiedades presentes en los primeros contactos y cómo éstos fueron superados a medida que el vínculo afectivo se reforzó, abriendo un espacio para la denuncia de experiencias difíciles de violencia familiar. Al final de la investigación, se pudo comprender la relevancia de construir una sostenibilidad afectiva capaz de afirmar el vínculo y acoger a las familias. (AU)

Una aproximación a la satisfacción con la alimentación en familias monoparentales con jefatura femenina / An approach to satisfaction with food-related life in female-headed single parent households

Resumen 1Los hogares monoparentales se ven enfrentados a compatibilizar la generación de ingresos con las tareas de cuidado en el hogar, como la alimentación familiar, la cual se configura como un dominio clave en el bienestar. Es por ello, que el objetivo de este estudio buscó explorar los significados acerca de la satisfacción con la alimentación que tienen madres e hijos de familias monoparentales con jefatura femenina. A partir de un estudio de caso de método mixto, mediante la participación de 47 familias monoparentales de jefatura femenina, tanto madres como hijos adolescentes, cuyas edades fluctuaban entre 10 y 17 años de edad, completaron individualmente una tarea de asociación de palabras con "estar satisfecho con mi alimentación" y una tarea de finalización de palabras con "estaría más satisfecho con mi alimentación si...". Los resultados evidenciaron que los significados de la satisfacción con la alimentación son atribuibles a la conceptualización formal del constructo y que no existiría diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las respuestas dadas por madres e hijos, en base a los determinantes de comportamiento en la alimentación. Así se concluyó que las similitudes en los significados, en torno a los determinantes que se identifican con la satisfacción con la alimentación y con los aspectos que podrían aumentarla, permiten constatar la influencia de la familia en las construcciones y significados que forman parte de la identidad individual y cultural de los adolescentes, lo cual se convierte en un insumo necesario para el diseño de prácticas y estrategias que propicien una mayor satisfacción con la alimentación.

Abstract Numerous female-headed single parent households face increased pressure when attempting to balance income generation with household responsibilities, such as family nutrition, which is critical given its greater influence on children's nutrition and diet quality (Hebestreit et al., 2017). This situation is critical in light of the fact that food is positioned as a critical domain of human well-being (Schnettler et al., 2014, 2017; Denegri et al., 2014, 2016). Satisfaction with food-related life is conceptualized as an individual's global cognitive evaluation of his or her diet (Grunert, Dean, Raats, Nielsen, y Lumbers, 2007); its formal definition is connected to other facets of life such as health, family, and social relationships (Grunert et al., 2007). According to the literature, satisfaction with food-related life is defined in terms of three primary determinants of eating behavior: the food consumed, the individual, and the diet's context (Köster, 2009). The purpose of this study is to contribute to our understanding of female-headed single-parent families and their meanings by examining the importance placed on the family as the first social space in which people construct and shape their social representations in various spheres of daily life (Moscovici, 1984). The overall objective is to investigate the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life for mothers and adolescent children in female-headed single-parent families. The specific objectives are to i) define the semantic entities of food satisfaction in relation to mothers and adolescent children, ii) identify factors that contribute to mothers' and adolescent children's food satisfaction, and iii) compare how mothers and adolescent children perceive their food satisfaction and the factors that contribute to it increasing. To accomplish these goals, a mixed case study research design was used. This entails combining quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to gain a better understanding of the research issues (Cresswell y Plano Clark, 2011). A total of 47 Chilean single-parent families with a female head of household participated in this study. It consists of a fee-paying mother that has at least one adolescent child between the ages of 10 and 17. The data collection method was an interview developed and tested in the Chilean population by Schnettler et al. (2020), based on a projective technique (Mesas y Escribano, 2018), in which mothers and adolescent children individually responded to the first words, terms, or phrases associated with the expression "being satisfied with my food-related life" with the goal of determining the meaning of satisfaction with food-related life. They were then asked to complete the sentence "I would be more satisfied with my food-related life if...". In order to identify factors that could improve their satisfaction with food-related life. The data was textually analyzed by segmenting and coding it. Subsequently, by establishing conceptual relationships, categories and supracategories were generated deductively (Krippendorff, 2004). Following that, the information expressed in the results and plotted in frequency tables is synthesized and interpreted. The Chi-square test was used to compare mothers' and adolescent children's responses (Agresti, 1990). In conclusion, the findings indicate that the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life can be ascribed to the construct's formal conceptualization. Thus, this study provides evidence that the construct is valid. There were also similarities in the meanings of mothers and adolescent children when it came to the determinants associated with food satisfaction, as well as the factors that could increase their satisfaction with food-related life. This finding is critical for establishing the family's influence on the constructs and meanings associated with adolescents' cultural identities.

Quality of life and labor inclusion of people with disabilities

Introduction: Disability is a generic term that includes deficits, limitations in activity and restrictions in participation indicate the negative aspects of the interaction between an individual and its contextual factors, environmental and personal factors. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of labor inclusion and health-related quality of life of people with disabilities in a population group from the city of Neiva (Colombia). Materials and methods: Descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study with quantitative approach and non-experimental design, in a sample of 64 people with disabilities. Demographic variables such as age, sex, marital status, education, socioeconomic status, link to the social security system in health, and type of disability were considered. The WHOQOL-BREF, 2004 quality of life scale was applied. Central tendency measures were also calculated with their dispersions and 95% confidence intervals in the continuous quantitative variables. Results: The most frequent disability was physical with 78.13%, followed by visual with 17.18%. The highest percentage of impairment of the quality of life concerning disability is given by the need to move from one place to another, to feel dissatisfaction with their sexual life and the perception of an unhealthy environment. Conclusions: The main factors for the labor inclusion of a person with a disability are subject to sex, the type of disability, access to decent employment, and remuneration according to their potentialities.

Rol de la familia en el fomento del aprendizaje autorregulado de estudiantes chilenos durante confinamiento por COVID-19 / Role of the Family in Promoting Self-regulated Learning of Chilean Students During Confinement by COVID-19

Resumen El confinamiento por COVID-19 ocasionó que las familias se enfrentaran al proceso del estudio en el hogar, mediante la enseñanza remota. El rol que juega la familia en el proceso de aprendizaje, sin embargo, históricamente ha depositado en la escuela la mayor responsabilidad. Este estudio analizó cómo las familias se dispusieron para fomentar el aprendizaje autorregulado en el hogar de los niños, niñas y adolescentes en tiempos de COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional, donde participaron 65 familias de niños, niñas y adolescentes de las Regiones del Biobío y Ñuble, las cuales respondieron un cuestionario parental sobre promoción del aprendizaje autorregulado y preguntas sociodemográficas. Los hallazgos permitieron inferir que cuando las familias se sienten capaces de fomentar el estudio, se disponen a ello, emplean estrategias cognitivas, buscan ayuda cuando lo necesitan y evalúan la planificación del estudio y aprendizaje de manera media y/o alta. Este tipo de estudios aporta al vacío teórico evidenciado en la literatura acerca del rol educativo de la familia durante la pandemia; asimismo, contribuye a reflexionar sobre las estrategias que emplean las familias para colaborar con el aprendizaje de sus niñas, niños y adolescentes.

Abstract The COVID-19 confinement caused families to face the study process at home through emergency remote teaching. The role of the family in the learning process is well known; however, historically, the greatest responsibility has been placed on the school. This study analyzed how families arranged themselves to foster self-regulated learning at home for children and adolescents in times of COVID-19. It was a descriptive correlational study, with the participation of 65 families of children and adolescents from the Biobío and Ñuble Regions, who answered a parental questionnaire on the promotion of self-regulated learning and sociodemographic questions. The findings allow inferring that when families feel capable of promoting study, they are willing to do it, use cognitive strategies, seek help when needed and that most of them evaluate their study and learning planning in a medium and/or high way. Significant differences were also found by gender, with men establishing more cognitive strategies and asking for more help than women when performing academic activities with their children and adolescents. This type of study contributes to the theoretical void evidenced in the literature on the educational role of the family during the pandemic and contributes to reflect on the strategies used by families to collaborate with the study of their children and adolescents.

Significados de familia para familias contemporáneas

(analítico) Frente a la existencia de diferentes formas familiares y para comprender el significado que el ser humano desde su diversidad le da a la familia, se realizó un estudio narrativo con enfoque cualitativo, usando como técnica la entrevista semiestructurada. Participaron integrantes de tres formas familiares: homoparental, con hijos producto de inseminación y adoptiva. Emergieron cinco categorías: definición de familia, aceptación, crianza, actitudes del medio familiar y social. El análisis concluye que el ser humano, desde su diversidad, le da un significado a la familia a partir de sus vivencias, sin diferenciar género, roles o funciones; por tanto, exigen derechos igualitarios frente a la conformación y dinámica familiar de los diferentes modelos y formas familiares, evidenciado la necesidad de ampliar la mirada sobre los significados atribuidos a la familia.

(analytical) Given the existence of different types of families, and with the aim of understanding the meaning that human beings give to the diverse expressions of family that currently exist, a qualitative narrative study using semi-structured interviews was carried out. Members of 3 different types of families participated: homoparental, families with children who are the result of artificial insemination and families that adopted their children. Five categories emerged from the interviews: the meaning of family, acceptance, parenting, social life and attitudes to the family environment. The study finds that human give meaning to their families based on their experiences without differentiating gender, functions or roles. They demand equal rights for the conformation of the different family types and models, demonstrating the need to broaden perspectives on meanings attributed to family.

(analítico) Diante da existência existência de diferentes formas familiares e com o objetivo de compreender o significado que o ser humano dá à família a partir de sua diversidade, foi realizado um estudo narrativo com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando como técnica a entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram membros de 3 formas familiares: homoparental, com filhos produto de inseminação e adotiva. Emergiram cinco categorias: definição de família, aceitação, criação, atitudes da família e ambiente social. Concluise que, a partir de sua diversidade, o ser humano dá sentido à família a partir de suas vivências, sem diferenciar gênero, papéis ou funções, portanto, demandam direitos iguais frente à conformação e dinâmica familiar dos diferentes modelos e formas de família, destacando a necessidade de ampliar o olhar sobre os significados atribuídos à familia.

Family intervention in the initial adaptation of adoptive families: systematic review / Intervenção familiar na adaptação Inicial das famílias adotivas: revisão sistemática / Intervención familiar en la adaptación Inicial de las familias Adoptivas: revisión sistemática

Considering the importance of mapping family interventions practices aimed specifically to adoption, this study sought to identify through a systematic review, how family intervention models for adoptive families are structured in initial adaptation with children from 0 to 6 years old. Four databases were consulted, which led to 9.143 results: Google Scholar (n=8.056), Science Direct (n=814), SciELO (n=43) and PsycINFO (n=230). Seven articles considered pertinent to the proposal of this study were included. As a result, it was identified that most part of the interventions were not systematically described. Although promising results were indicated, replication would not be viable due to the lack of detailing of the performed practices. There was no hegemony in the choice of intervention models. Also, it was indicated that the specificity for adoption in the interventions analyzed is not clear. (AU)

Pensando na importância do mapeamento da prática de intervenção familiar voltada especificamente para a adoção, o presente estudo buscou identificar, por meio da revisão sistemática, como estão estruturados e aplicados os modelos de intervenção familiar para as famílias adotivas na adaptação inicial com as crianças de 0 a 6 anos. Para tanto, foram consultadas quatro bases de dados que levaram a 9.143 resultados: Google Scholar (n=8.056), Science Direct (n=814), SciELO (n=43), PsycINFO (n=230). Sete artigos foram considerados pertinentes à proposta deste estudo. Como resultado, identificou-se que as intervenções não estavam, em sua maioria, sistematicamente descritas. Apesar de resultados promissores serem indicados, a replicação não seria viável pela falta de detalhamentos das práticas realizadas. Ressalta-se que não houve homogeneidade na escolha dos modelos de intervenção. Por fim, destaca-se que não fica clara a especificidade voltada para adoção nas intervenções analisadas. (AU)

Pensando en la importancia de mapear la práctica de intervención familiar orientada específicamente a la adopción, el presente estudio buscó identificar, a través de una revisión sistemática, cómo se estructuran y aplican los modelos de intervención familiar para familias adoptivas en la adaptación inicial con niños de 0 a 6 años. Para ello, se consultaron cuatro bases de datos que arrojaron 9.143 resultados: Google Scholar (n=8.056), Science Direct (n=814), SciELO (n=43), PsycINFO (n=230). Siete artículos se consideraron relevantes para el propósito de este estudio. En su mayor parte, las intervenciones no se describían sistemáticamente. A pesar de los resultados prometedores, la replicación no sería factible debido a la falta de detalles de las prácticas realizadas. Cabe destacar que no hubo homogeneidad en la elección de los modelos de intervención. Por último, se señaló que no está clara la especificidad dirigida a la adopción en las intervenciones analizadas. (AU)

Alternative care takers for children of health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Kashmir valley: a cross sectional study

Background: COVID-19 pandemic forced health care workers to seek alternatives of child care due to strong standard operating procedures (SOPs). Informal child care workers include patrilineal, matrilineal, immediate family members, neighbours, friends and housemaids. The present study tried to explore and highlight the role of Informal child care workers in alternative spaces. Methods: The present study aimed to reveal new facts about COVD-19 pandemic, its implications in relation to the alternative child care spaces available to the children of health workers in the valley of Kashmir. Total sample size constituted 100 respondents including doctors, Para medicals and other supportive staff chosen through snowball sampling technique. For data collection, a structured questionnaire was constructed and sent to respondents through different social media platforms like Facebook, e-mail ids and WhatsApp. Results: In the study majority of dual career families especially health workers working as frontline COVID warriors in the valley of Kashmir reported that their children were taken care either by alternative care takers mostly patrilocal or matrilocal family members. Conclusions: The study reveals that dual career families of Kashmir prefer largely female members as alternative care takers as compared to male members. The immediate family members are the most preferable choice of Alternative care followed by housemaids.

Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e seus fatores de risco na população beneficiária do Programa Bolsa Família: uma revisão integrativa / Chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in the bolsa família program beneficiary population: an integrative review / Enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y sus factores de riesgo en la población que se beneficia del programa bolsa família: una revisión integradora

Objetivo: sintetizar as evidências científicas sobre a ocorrência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e seus fatores de risco (FR) na população beneficiária do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, cuja busca por publicações de 2004 a 2020 foi feita nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Indice Bibliográico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), via Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS); Medline, via Pubmed, SCOPUS (via Portal CAPES); e Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO. Resultados: foram selecionados 23 artigos, os quais foram agrupados em três categorias: 1) Prevalência dos fatores de risco para DCNT em mulheres beneficiárias do PBF: as mulheres beneficiárias apresentaram piores desfechos no consumo de tabaco, menor prática de atividade física, maior prevalência de diabetes, hipertensão e obesidade; 2) Estado nutricional e insegurança alimentar em crianças, adolescentes e famílias beneficiárias do PBF: os estudos apontaram para uma elevada prevalência de obesidade e coexistência de déficit estatural em crianças beneficiárias; e 3) Consumo alimentar de beneficiários do PBF: foi identificado um padrão não saudável de alimentação. Conclusão: usuários do PBF apresentam elevadas prevalências de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e pior padrão alimentar. Esses dados reforçam a importância de o PBF estar sendo direcionado às populações mais vulneráveis, visando mitigar as imensas desigualdades sociais. No entanto, é necessário avançar em outras políticas públicas de proteção social que impactem os determinantes sociais e melhorem a qualidade de vida de extensa camada da população brasileira.(AU)

occurrence and their risk factors (RF) in the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) beneficiary population. Methods: this is an integrative literature review whose search for publications from 2004 to 2020 was carried out in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Indice Bibliográico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), via the Virtual Health Library (VHL); Medline, via Pubmed, Scopus (via Portal CAPES); and Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO. Results: 23 articles were selected and grouped into three categories: 1) Prevalence of risk factors for NCDs in BFP beneficiary women: beneficiary women had worse outcomes in tobacco consumption, lower physical activity, higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity; 2) Nutritional status and food insecurity in BFP beneficiary children, adolescents and families: the studies pointed to a high prevalence of obesity and coexistence of height deficit in beneficiary children; and 3) Food consumption of BFP beneficiaries: an unhealthy eating pattern was identified. Conclusion: BFP users have a high prevalence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases and worse dietary patterns. These data reinforce the importance of the BFP being directed to the most vulnerable populations, aiming to mitigate the immense social inequalities. However, it is necessary to advance other public policies of social protection that impact the social determinants and improve the life quality of a large part of the Brazilian population.(AU)

Objetivo: sintetizar evidencias científicas sobre la ocurrencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) y sus factores de riesgo (FR) en la población beneficiaria del Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF). Método: se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, cuya búsqueda de publicaciones entre 2004 y 2020 fue realizada en las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) e Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS) a través de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), Medline a través del Pubmed, Scopus (vía Portal CAPES) y Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO...(AU)

A qualitative research on dyadic experience of disease management in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and their spouses returning to the family / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the real experience of decompensated cirrhosis patients and their spouses returning to family dual disease management and to provide a reference for the targeted intervention strategies.Methods:Totally 13 decompensated cirrhosis patients and their spouses admitted in Infectious Disease Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2022 to April 2022 were recruited for semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi 7-step analysis was used to summarize and extract the themes.Results:The final analysis yielded a total of 8 generic categories belonging to 3 categories based on the dyadic illness management theory. These were negative disease perception including disease cognitive bias, lack of complication awareness, negative family management including low self-worth, conflict management, poor management compliance, economic pressure, passive attitude, dyadic health needs to be improved including negative emotional dominance, self-perceived discrimination, communication disorders, intimacy decrease.Conclusions:Decompensated cirrhosis patients and their spouses have negative and resistant psychology in disease perception, management compliance, management attitude, behavior, and so on, clinical medical staff should be aimed at decompensated cirrhosis patients and their spouses on the health education to strengthen disease, guiding role transformation, gives targeted positive psychological intervention, to provide multi-dimensional social support, to improve the negative mood, reduce stigma and improve binary health.