ABSTRACT
In this paper， the name， origin， medicinal properties， specifications， clinical efficacy， producing area， quality evaluation and processing methods of Forsythiae Fructus in the famous classical formulas are researched by consulting related herbal literature， medical books and prescription books. The results showed that Forsythiae Fructus was sourced from Hypericum ascyron and its genus plants before Song dynasty， and it is used as medicine in many parts. After Song dynasty， Forsythiae Fructus is sourced from the fruit of Forsythia suspensa. Since the Ming dynasty， Forsythiae Fructus is divided into Qingqiao and Laoqiao according to different harvesting time. According to the research results， it is suggested to refer to the following suggestions for the application of Forsythiae Fructus in the development of famous classical formulas：①F. suspensa should be chosen as the origin since the Ming and Qing dynasties. ②If there is no special requirement for the source of prescriptions， it is recommended that Laoqiao be used in famous classical formulas since the Ming and Qing dynasties. ③The harvest time of Qingqiao should be from July 15th to August 15th， and Laoqiao should be in September， and it should be the husk after the seeds have been removed.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) is a typical heat-clearing and detoxicating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb, which has been traditionally used for treating cancer according to TCM theory. However, the under?lying mechanism has not been fully explained. METHODS In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of Forsyth?iae Fructus aqueous extract (FAE) on B16-F10 melanoma. RESULTS FAE strongly inhibited the tumor growth and metastasis formation in B16-F10 melanoma transplanted mice. The survival time of tumor-bearing mice was also signifi?cantly prolonged by FAE. The levels of ROS, MDA, TNF-α and IL-6 decreased, while GSH increased in the FAE treat?ment group, indicating FAE possesses strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that antioxidant proteins Nrf2 and HO-1, tumor suppressors P53 and p-PTEN, and the MAPK pathways in tumor tissues were upregulated by FAE treatment. Serum metabolomics analysis further uncovered that 17 metabolites mostly involving in glycerophospholipid metabolism were correlated with the antitumor effect of FAE. Notably, several lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPCs) significantly decreased in tumor model group, while FAE treatment restored the changes of these phospholipids to about normal condition. LysoPC acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) and autotaxin (ATX) highly expressed in melanoma and markedly downregulated by FAE were believed to be responsible for this modulation. CONCLUSION FAE exhibites strong antitumor activity against B16-F10 melanoma through activating MAPKs/Nrf2/HO-1 mediated anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation and modulating glycerophospholipid metabolism via downregulating LPCAT1 and ATX. Besides, it is suggested that serum LysoPCs could be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prog?nosis of melanoma.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the compatibility rules of prescriptions containing Forsythiae Fructus based on data mining and explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Forsythiae Fructus based on network pharmacology，so as to provide reference for the rational clinical application of Forsythiae Fructus and the development of health foods and new Chinese medicines. Method:The prescriptions containing Forsythiae Fructus in the<italic> Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions</italic> were collected，based on which a clinical prescription database was constructed. The Chinese herbs combined with Forsythiae Fructus and the corresponding indications were subjected to frequency statistics，association rule analysis，and complex network analysis using SPSS Statistics 26，IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0，and Gephi 9.2. The active components and targets of Forsythiae Fructus for anti-inflammation were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP），BATMAN-TCM，and SEA，and the targets related to anti-inflammation from GeneCards，Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM），CTD，and GenCLiP3. Following the analysis of protein-protein interactions （PPI） with STRING，a PPI network was constructed. The enrichment analysis was performed using Metascape，and the active component-anti-inflammation target-signaling pathway network of Forsythiae Fructus was constructed by Cytoscape 3.8.2. Result:According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria，2 245 prescriptions containing Forsythiae Fructus were harvested，involving 512 Chinese herbs，with a total usage frequency of 27 314. The Chinese herbs that were most frequently combined with Forsythiae Fructus （>800 times） were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma （1 483 times），Scutellariae Radix （964 times），and Angelicae Sinensis Radix （842 times）. Hence，the herbal pairs "Forsythiae Fructus-Scutellariae Radix" and "Forsythiae Fructus-Angelicae Sinensis Radix" were further explored. The prescriptions containing Forsythiae Fructus could be utilized for the treatment of 29 kinds of diseases，and three representative disease categories including "carbuncle，gangrene，sores and ulcers"，"ophthalmic diseases and syndromes" and "epidemic diseases" are selected for data mining. There were 19 association rules obtained with "Forsythiae Fructus-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Angelicae Sinensis Radix" as the core herb combination for "carbuncle，gangrene，sores and ulcers". The clustering analysis revealed one multi-herb clustering group，four herbal pairs，and single herb Lonicerae Japonicae Flos，the complex network analysis four herbal modules，and the factor analysis six common factors. There were 23 association rules obtained with "Forsythiae Fructus-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Scutellariae Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix" as the core herb combination for "ophthalmic diseases and syndromes". The clustering analysis revealed two multi-herb clustering groups and four herbal pairs，the complex network analysis four herbal modules，and the factor analysis five common factors. There were 28 association rules obtained with "Forsythiae Fructus-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Menthae Haplocalycis Herba-Lonicerae Japonicae Flos" as the core herb combination for "epidemic diseases". The clustering analysis revealed three multi-herb clustering groups，one herbal pair，and two single herbs Forsythiae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，the complex network analysis four herbal modules，and the factor analysis five common factors. As demonstrated by network pharmacology-based analysis，the core anti-inflammation components of Forsythiae Fructus were quercetin，luteolin，and kaempferol，and the core targets were phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 （PIK3R1），protein kinase B 1 （Akt1），and epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR）. The biological pathways were mainly concentrated in proteoglycans in cancer，pathways in cancer，and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway，with such functions as inhibition of transcription factors，regulation of enzyme activity，and inflammation-related gene expression involved. Conclusion:This study employed a variety of data mining techniques to objectively，intuitively，and scientifically uncover the compatibility rules of Forsythiae Fructus in the treatment of high-frequency diseases. It has been found that Forsythiae Fructus is often combined with heat-clearing herbs，tonifying herbs，exterior-releasing herbs，and blood-activating and stasis-resolving herbs for diverse diseases and syndromes. Under the premise of clearing heat and removing toxin，reinforcing healthy Qi and dredging stagnation are also emphasized. According to the degree of internal heat exuberance，the heat-clearing herbs with different merits are combined. This study has revealed the unique advantages of Forsythiae Fructus in the treatment of specific diseases and syndromes as well as its multi-component，multi-target，and multi-pathway mechanisms in anti-inflammation，breaking through the limitations in modern clinical and experimental research of Forsythiae Fructus. These findings are of great significance for guiding the rational clinical application of Forsythiae Fructus and the development of health foods and new Chinese medicines，thus better accelerating the development of Chinese medicine health industry.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Based on the systematic pharmacological database of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the analysis platform TCMSP, the computer virtual screening technique was used to screen the small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase from Chinese materia medica (CMM), and speculate the potential anti-COVID-19 novel coronavirus pneumonia TCMs and its compounds. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase protein was targeted in this study. Autodock Vina software and Python script were used to realize high-throughput molecular docking. Combined with “ADME-Lipinski” rules, the re-screening was carried out to optimize the active ingredients and speculate the key TCMs and compound prescriptions. Based on the perspective of network pharmacology, a component-target-pathway network was constructed to infer the mechanism of action of core drug pairs. Results: Taking the reference ligand as positive control, 66 natural micromolecule compounds with good pharmacokinetic properties were obtained. Twelve single TCMs, two Chinese medicine pairs of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Mori Cortex and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos-Forsythiae Fructus, and 12 TCM prescriptions including Sangju Drink and modified Sangju Drink and Yinqiao Powder were selected as candidate schemes to fight against novel coronavirus pneumonia. Conclusion: This study is based on high-throughput molecular docking technology to virtually screen small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase of CMM and Chinese medicines, innovatively analyze the potential molecular mechanism in combination with network pharmacology, and provide scientific guidance and theoretical basis for TCM to resist novel coronavirus pneumonia.
ABSTRACT
Forsythiae Fructus is divided into Qingqiao and Laoqiao due to different harvesting periods. So far, the accumulation of heavy metals in the two types of Forsythiae Fructus has not been reported. In this study, the residual levels of copper(Cu), lead(Pb), chromium(Cr), arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd) and mercury(Hg) in 29 batches of Laoqiao and 60 batches of Qingqiao were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The samples were collected from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, and Hebei Provinces. In addition, the diversity and correlation of harmful elements in Qingqiao and Laoqiao were analyzed by multivariate statistical method. Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) was used to analyze the harmful elements concentrations of Qingqiao and Laoqiao. The results showed that there was a significant difference on the residual levels of heavy metals and harmful elements between Qingqiao and Laoqiao. Among them, the content of Pb in Laoqiao is significantly higher than that in Qingqiao(P<0.01), while the content of Cu is significantly lower than that in Qingqiao. However, the difference in harmful elements among different producing areas of Forsythiae Fructus is not significant. PCA analysis showed that Qingqiao and Laoqiao were successfully grouped into two categories. This study suggests significant difference in the residual levels of heavy metals and harmful elements between Qingqiao and Laoqiao. Besides, Forsythiae Fructus has a certain enrichment of Pb in the fruit ripening stage(Laoqiao). This study provides a reference for the quality classification and safety of Forsythiae Fructus.
Subject(s)
Arsenic , Copper , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Metals, HeavyABSTRACT
Objective To compare the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the volatile oils from Forsythiae Fructus (FF), Schizonepetae Herba (SH), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (MH), and their compatibility, and to explore the influence of different extraction methods on components and antibacterial activity of volatile oil. Methods GC-MS was employed to analyze the composition of the volatile oil from FF, SH, and MH extracted separately, and their mixture extracted, as well as physical mixing volatile oil of FF, SH, and MH extracted separately. The diameter of the inhibition zone and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were measured using the paper agar diffusion method and micro dilution method. The antibacterial activities of volatile oil on four common pathogens of respiratory tract were evaluated. Results When FF, SH, and MH were mixed and extracted, the main obtained components and contents of volatile oil changed. Compared to separately extracted volatile oil, eight new components emerged, seven components from FF and seven components from SH disappeared in FF and SH mixture extracted volatile oil. In FF and MH mixture extracted volatile oil, compared with separately extracted, six components from FF and eight components from MH disappeared, and eight new components emerged. As to SH and MH mixture extracted volatile oil, four components from SH and seven components from MH disappeared, and seven new components emerged. In the three herbs mixture extracted volatile oil, six components from FF, four components from SH, and two components from MH disappeared, one commom component of FF and MH, two common components of SH and MH disappeared, however, nine new components emerged. The content of pulegone significantly decreased in the three herbs mixture extracted volatile oil compared with that in separately extracted. The antibacterial experiments showed that the antibacterial effects of the volatile oils obtained by different extraction methods were different. The antibacterial effects of volatile oil extracted separately and their physical mixing volatile oil on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were better than that from mixture extracted. Conclusion Volatile oil is an important effective component of Chinese patent medicines with relieving exterior syndrome function. Different extraction methods have a certain influence on the yield and composition of volatile oil, which ultimately affects the efficacy of drugs. Therefore, we should pay more attention to extraction method and process of volatile oil in these prescriptions.
ABSTRACT
Objective To identify whole ingredients in Niuhuang Qingwei Pills (NQP) and give primary grade evaluation of NQP. Methods Firstly, microscopic characteristics specified by the statutory standard of NQP were summarized. Then new microscopic identification methods were established for Sennae Folium and Gypsum Fibrosum while new thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification methods were established for Bovis Calculus Artifactus, Borneolum Syntheticum, and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. In addition, microscopic identification method for Menthae Haplocalycis Herba was improved. In this way, whole-ingredient identification of 17 materials were realized. NQP reference drug was developed and applied as accompanying control in whole-ingredient identification and primary grade evaluation of the samples. Results According to the results of 48 samples from 18 manufactures by primary grade evaluation, 10, 37, and 1 samples were classified as superior, qualified, and unqualified, respectively. Conclusion The proposed methods are accurate, simple, and objective, which offers a more comprehensive approach for quality control of NQP. And the methods provide research strategy and experimental basis for further work on establishment of grade standard.
ABSTRACT
To establish the quality control methods for the standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus. Twelve batches of representative Forsythiae Fructus were collected to prepare standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus, and then the parameters such as extraction ratio, transfer rate of the index components and pH value of the solution were calculated to evaluate the stability of the process. The simultaneous determination method of target components and fingerprint method were established, and ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to identify the main common peaks in the fingerprint to clarify the main chemical constituents in the decoction. The similarities of the fingerprints of standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus were more than 0.9. The average extraction ratio of the standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus was (15.53±6.27)%, and the transfer rate of forsythiaside A was(38.0±10.2)%. The method for evaluating the quality of standard decoction of Forsythiae Fructus was presented, providing reference for the quality control of products stemmed from the water extract of Forsythiae Fructus, with high similarity and uniform quality.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the contents of total flavonoids, forsythoside A and phillyrin in Forsythiae Fructus leaves tea under different drying conditions; To determine the best drying method for Forsythiae Fructus leaves tea. Methods With the sodium nitrite-aluminum trichloride-sodium hydroxide solution as color reagent, total flavonoids in forsythiae Fructus leaves tea were determined by UV spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 500 nm. HPLC was used to determine the contents of forsythiaside A and phillyrin. The analysis was performed on a Diamosil C18 (2) column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm); the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 0.4% acetic acid with gradient elution; the detection wavelength was set at 277 nm; the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min at column temperature of 30 ℃. Results The content of total flavonoids of Forsythiae Fructus leaves tea under different drying conditions was basically the same; the sequence of the contents of forsythoside A and Forsythin of Forsythiae Fructus leaves tea under different drying conditions was: ventilated drying > vacuum drying > blast drying. Conclusion Different drying conditions have no effect on the contents of total flavonoids in Forsythiae Fructus leaves tea, but have obvious effects on the contents of forsythiaside A and phillyrin. Ventilation shade is better than blast drying and vacuum drying for preverence of forsythiaside A and forsythin.
ABSTRACT
Objective To optimize the extraction process of mixed volatile oil from Forsythiae Fructus, Saposhnikoviae Radix and Magnoliae Flos and inclusion process of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Methods With yield ratio of volatile oil as evaluation index, single factor experiments were used to study the extraction process of volatile oil;saturated aqueous solution was used, with inclusion rate of volatile oil as index, and orthogonal design was adopted to examine effects of charge ratio of volatile oil and β-CD, inclusion temperature and inclusion time on the inclusion process; X-ray scattering technique, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the inclusion compound. Results The optimum extraction process of volatile oil was soaking fine powder extracted 5 hours with 10 folds the amount of water. The optimum conditions of inclusion process were as follows:mixed ratio of volatile oil (mL) and β-CD (g) was 1:10; inclusion temperature was 50 ℃; the inclusion time was 2 h. X-ray scattering technique, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy proved the inclusion compound had been formed. Conclusion Optimum extraction and inclusion processes are stable and feasible, and can provide research foundation for further research and development of preparation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the efficacy difference of Green Forsythiae Fructus and Ripe Forsythiae Fructusby using Lianqiao powder and Yinqiao powder in the classic formula; To provide experimental evidence for the guidance of one for dual-use of the Forsythiae Fructus. Methods The guinea pig sore model was made with Staphylococcus aureus. 40 guinea pigs were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Lianqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group and Lianqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus group. The blank group and the model group were fed with normal saline, while Lianqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group and Lianqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus group were treated with 1.2 g raw medicine/kg liquid Lianqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus and Lianqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus for 7 d. The symptom score, blood and pathological changes of guinea pig soreness were observed. The model of acute lung injury was induced by 10% LPS aerosol inhalation. 40 rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Yinqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group and Yinqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus group. The blank group and the model group were fed with normal saline, while Yinqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group and Yinqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus group were treated with 4 g raw medicine/kg liquid Yinqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus and Yinqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus for 10 d. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in the lung lavage fluid were detected. Results The effect of Lianqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus on the wound healing of guinea pig sore wound was faster than that of Lianqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus, but there was no significant difference between Lianqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group and Lianqiao powder Ripe Forsythiae Fructus group in inhibiting the secretion and pathological changes of guinea pig sore wound. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in Yinqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group was lower than that in Yinqiao powder Green Forsythiae Fructus group, without statistical significance. Conclusion It is verified that there is efficacy differences between Green Forsythiae Fructus and Ripe Forsythiae Fructus in the different Chinese herbal compound.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effect of deactivation of enzymes on chemical composition of Forsythiae Fructus using NMR based metabolomics approach. Methods: 1H-NMR-based metabolomics approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to investigate the differential metabolites between raw Forsythiae Fructus (RF) and Forsythiae Fructus with deactivation of enzymes (DF). And degradation pathway of significant metabolites was inferred by biosynthetic pathway. Results: Twenty-four metabolites were identified in the 1H-NMR spectrum of Forsythiae Fructus, and principal component analysis (PCA) showed clear separation between RF and DF. The S-plot of orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed that ten compounds contributed to the separation of RF and DF, and the levels of forsythiaside A, forsythiaside C, phillyrin, rutin, and surcose were higher in DF than those in RF, while the levels of rengyol, rengyoside, rengyolone, α-glucose, and β-glucose were higher in RF than those in DF. Moreover, the degradation of forsythiaside A into rengyol was proposed. Conclusion: This study reveals the chemical effect of deactivation of enzymes on Forsythiae Fructus in a holistic manner, which confirms rationality and necessity of deactivation of enzymes during the processing of Forsythiae Fructus. This study also serves as a basis for the bioactive compounds and quality standards research of Forsythiae Fructus.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To analysis the main chemical ingredients of Forsythiae Fructus by LC-MS technology in the positive and negative ions mode. Methods: The chromatographic fingerprint was obtained with Diamonsil II C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) and gradient elution with 0.05% H2O-formic acid (A)-acetonitrile (B), and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was maintained at 35℃. The detection wavelength was 200-600 nm. Positive and negative ions MS information of Bruker Daltonics 1200 HPLC-Q-TOF was coupled with elemental analysis and compared with literature data to analyze the compounds information. Results: Combined with the accurately relative molecular mass of compounds provided by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS, 24 compounds were identified from the ethanolic extraction of Forsythia Fructus, which include 12 phenylethanoid glycosides, seven lignan ingredients, and five flavonoids. And 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanoid glycoside (1), 2-methoxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyphenylethanoid glycoside (2), β-hydroxyforsythoside H (7), dihydroquercetagetin (24), and dihydromyricetin (25) were first identified in Forsythiae fructus. Conclusion: The method provides the technical support for the quality control of Forsythiae Fructus and contributes the reference data to elucidating the potential basis of Forsythiae Fructus.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish a method for the determination of three main volatile components (menthone, menthol, and pulegone) in Yinqiao Powder (YQP) distillate and provide the evidence for elucidating the scientific connotation of its traditional decocting method "taking when the fragrance volatilized fiercely". Methods: YQP distillates with different decocting time were prepared to study the dynamic changes of chemical components during decocting process. GC-MS was used to analyze the volatile components qualitatively and determine the contents of menthone, menthol, and pulegone in YQP distillate. Results: GC-MS total ion chromatograms of YQP volatile oil included 26 peaks, of which the relative contents of 14 peaks were greater than 1.5%, mainly from Forsythiae Fructus, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, and Schizonepetae Herba. With the extension of the boiling time, the evaporation rates of menthone, menthol, and pulegone all increased to maximum and then decreased gradually. When boiling for 5-10 min, the maximum average evaporation rates of menthone, menthol, and pulegone were 13.77, 147.74, and 31.26 ìg/min, respectively. When boiling for 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, 60-80, 80-100, and 100-120 min, the average evaporation rates of total three volatile components were 160.23, 192.77, 120.71, 70.85, 54.01, 42.41, 30.36, 17.87, 14.98, 10.01, 7.79, and 7.58 ìg/min, respectively. Conclusion: The evaporation rates of menthone, menthol, and pulegone in YQP are heavily influenced by decocting time. The fragrance is volatilized fiercely at about 5 min after boiling, while the average evaporation rates of menthone, menthol, and pulegone are high, so after boiling for 5-10 min, menthone, menthol, and pulegone were evaporated a lot. The fragrance gets weak after 15 min of boiling, the average evaporation rates of menthone, menthol, and pulegone are decreasing heavily. It is suggested that the traditional decocting method has some scientific foundation.
ABSTRACT
To screen the anti-inflammatory active fraction of unripe Forsythiae Fructus, and elucidate the action mechanism, water decoction, ethyl acetate portion, n-butanol portion and residue water extracts of unripe Forsythiae Fructus were administered into rats for continuously 15 days. The acute lung injury inflammatory model was established to observe the section structure of lung tissues. Levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined by ELISA kits, and changes in endogenous metabolites in serum were analyzed based on 1H-NMR metabolomics. The results showed that ethyl acetate portion of unripe Forsythiae Fructus had a better anti-inflammatory activity against acute lung injury, and could suppress the release of inflammatory factors of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, significantly reduce contents of creatine, β-OH-butyrate, succinate, lysine, valine, isoleucine and glutamine, and elevate the content of GPC in serum. Ethyl acetate portion was proved to be the main fraction of anti-inflammatory activity from the perspective of endogenous metabolites in serum, and played an anti-inflammatory role by regulating creatine metabolism, choline metabolism, branched-chain amino acid metabolism and TCA cycles. This study could lay a foundation for studying pharmacodynamic material basis of unripe Forsythiae Fructus.