Lesiones gástricas asociadas a la presencia de bacterias del género helicobacter en caninos / Gastric lesions associated with the presence of bacteria of the helicobacter genusin canine

Las lesiones digestivas se presentan dependiendo del agente causal, su duración y del grado de exposición. La spirocercosis compromete los sistemas digestivo, circulatorio y óseo, y la helicobacteriosis, es relacionada a gastritis, ulceraciones gastroduodenales y procesos neoplásicos estomacales, reportando a el H. pylori en perros y gatos, como posibilidad zoonótica. Este estudio se realizó en la Sección de Caninos del Bioterio de FCV-UCV, en 43 perros caracterizados por antecedentes callejeros y variados manejos alimenticios, médicos y sanitarios. Sus objetivos, registrar patologías en estómago y determinar, presencia de bacterias del género Helicobacter en lesiones gástricas asociadas a esta bacteria. Las técnicas diagnosticas registraron 16,3% de nódulos por S. lupi, y 13,9% de lesiones inflamatorias y úlceras gastroduodenales; 100% de positividad a ureasa. La histopatología, 58,14% de gastritis aguda superficial, 20,93% de gastritis crónica superficial y 6,98% de gastritis crónica atrófica; la histoquímica evidenció bacterias espiraladas en mucosa gástrica y, se detectó anticuerpos contra H. pylori a 4,7%. No hubo crecimiento bacteriano en cultivos de biopsia. La prueba no paramétrica de Friedman reveló que no hay significancia entre la relación sexo (0,0833) y lesiones esófago-gástricas (0,1561), pero sí, para el sexo (0,0455) en relación con lesiones gástricas (0,1196). El manejo de la población en estudio, tuvo influencia en la aparición de spirocercosis y en la colonización de Helicobacter spp. además, fueron propensos a la infección con H. pylori siendo el perro entonces una alternativa como modelo para el estudio de la helicobacteriosis.

The digestive injuries appear depending on the causal agent, his duration and on the degree of exhibition. The spirocercosis compromises the digestive, circulatory and osseous systems, and the helicobacteriosis, is related to gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcerations and stomach neoplasics processes, reporting to H. pylori in dogs and cats, as zoonótic possibility. This study was realized in the Canine Section of FCV-UCV’s Bioterio, in 43 dogs characterized by street antecedents and varied nourishing, medical and sanitary managings. Its objectives were to register pathologies in stomach and to determine the presence of bacteria of the Helicobacter genus in gastric injuries associated with this bacterium. The diagnostic techniques showed 16.3% of nodules for S. lupi, and 13.9% of inflammatory injuries and sores gastroduodenals; 100% of positivity to ureasa. The histopathology revealed 58.14% of acute superficial gastritis, 20.93% of chronic superficial gastritis and 6.98% of chronic atrophic gastritis; the histochemist demonstrated espiral bacterias in gastric mucous, also, antibodies were detected against H. pylori to 4.7%. There was no bacterial growth in cultures of biopsy. The non paramétric test of Friedman revealed no significance between the sex relation (0.0833) and esophagus gastric injure (0.1561), but if, for the sex (0.0455) in relation with gastric injuries (0.1196). The managing of the population in study had influence in the appearance of spirocercosis, and the colonization of Helicobacter spp., in addition, they were inclined to the infection with H. pylori, being the dog then an alternative as model for the study of the helicobacteriosis.

Gastrointestinal Injuries from Blunt Abdominal Trauma

Hollow visceral injuries are far less commom in blunt abdominal trauma than in penetrating abdominal trauma. From June 1994 to Sep. 1996, we treated 46 patients with blunt injuries to the gut, defined as perforation or devascularization. Thirty five patients(76.1%) were injured in motor vehicle collisions. Of these, 22 were not using constraints; 13 were wearing seat belts. Small bowel injuries were the most frequent injuries, followed by colonic injuries, duodenal injuries, rectal injury and gastric perforation. Mortality rates were the lowest in small bowel injuries(11.1%) and higher in less common colonic(22.2%) and duodenal(20.0%) injuries. Except for those patients with perforations of the small bowel, most patients had associated injuries to the head, chest or abdominal solid organs that were largely responsible for morbidity and mortality. Injuries to the abdominal hollow viscera are unusual following blunt trauma, but are the result of very high energy truncal trauma and are associated with multiple additional injuries. Most alert patients had physical findings suggestive of peritoneal irritation, but when diagnostic testing was necessary, peritoneal lavage was superior to CT scanning ( false negative=10.5% versus 88.5% respectively). A high index of suspicion is necessary to avoid diagnostic delays that can lead to severe complications and death.