Effect of low concentration of sodium fluoride on osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To study the effect of low concentrations of sodium fluoride on the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) in vitro.@*Methods@#This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee. hDPCs were cultured using a modified tissue explant technique in vitro. The effects of different concentrations of sodium fluoride on the proliferation of hDPCs were measured by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Appropriate concentrations were added to the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation induction medium, and the cells were induced in vitro. Alizarin red S staining was used to detect the osteoblastic/odontogenic differentiation ability of the cells, and the mRNA expression of the key differentiation factors was detected by RT-qPCR. Moreover, the expression of key molecules of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 18.0 software package.@*Results@#Low concentration of NaF (0.1 mmol/L) could stimulate cell proliferation in vitro, while a high concentration (5-10 mmol/L) could inhibit cell proliferation (P<0.05). According to the literature and the experimental data, 0.1 mmol/L NaF was selected as the following experimental concentration. The levels of alizarin red S staining were increased after NaF induction of mixed osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation in vitro. The mRNA expression levels of key molecules for osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin (OCN), were increased (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of ERS markers (splicing x-box binding protein-1 (sXBP1), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and activating transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) were increased in NaF-treated cells. The protein expression levels of key ER stress molecules (phosphorylated RNA-activated protein kinase-like ER-resident kinase (p-PERK), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (p-eIF2α) and ATF4) were higher in NaF-treated cells.@*Conclusion@#A low concentration of NaF promotes the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs and increases the level of ER stress.

Effect of Tinnitus on Sleep Quality and Insomnia

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is a conscious perception of a sound resulting from abnormal activity within the nervous system. A relevant percentage of tinnitus patients report symptoms severe enough to significantly affect quality of life, including sleep disorders. Objectives To analyze the sleep quality, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in participants with tinnitus. Methods The sample comprised 18 adults and older adults aged between 18 and 85 years old (mean age = 58.7 ± 17.5 years old), females and males, with complaint of continuous tinnitus for > 1 month. The instruments used were the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire, the Insomnia Severity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the STOP-Bang questionnaire. Results By means of the THI questionnaire, the tinnitus severity degree reported by most participants was mild (27.8%) and moderate (27.8%), having a positive (r = 0.582) and significant (0.011) correlation to sleep quality, measured by means of the Pittsburgh questionnaire. There was a positive correlation between the Insomnia Severity Index and tinnitus handicap (r = 0.499; p = 0.035). A total of 72.2% of the participants self-assessed their sleep quality as poor, in addition to moderate insomnia (27.8%), although there is low risk of OSA (66.7%), without complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness (72.2%). Conclusion Subjects with tinnitus complaint self-rated their sleep quality as poor. Moreover, the higher the reported tinnitus handicap, the greater the symptoms of insomnia. There was no influence of tinnitus in relation to daytime sleepiness and no relationship between the severity of tinnitus and the risk of OSA.

Dual orexin receptor antagonists for the treatment of insomnia: systematic review and network meta-analysis / Antagonistas duais do receptor de orexina para o tratamento da insônia: revisão sistemática e metanálise em rede

Abstract Background Several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have shown that dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) are effective in the treatment of chronic insomnia. However, the superiority of one particular DORA over the others remains unclear. Objective To perform a network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of different DORAs in patients with chronic insomnia. Methods The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases were searched for RCTs that compared DORA with placebo in patients ≥ 18 years of age with a diagnosis of insomnia disorder. We pooled outcomes for wake time after sleep onset (WASO), latency to persistent sleep (LPS), total sleep time (TST), and adverse events (AEs). Results We included 10 RCTs with 7,806 patients, 4,849 of whom received DORAs as the intervention. Overall, we found that DORAs were associated with the improvement of all analyzed efficacy outcomes. Concerning TST, an apparent dose-dependent pattern was noticed, with higherdoses relating to a longerTST. Lemborexant 10mg provided the largest reduction in WASO (at month 1) in minutes (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −25.40; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = −40.02- −10.78), followed by suvorexant 20/15mg (SMD = −25.29; 95%CI = −36.42- −14.15), which also appeared to provide the largest decrease in long-term WASO (SMD = −23.70; 95%CI = −35.89- −11.51). The most frequent AEs were somnolence, nasopharyngitis, and headache, with rates of up to 14.8%. Conclusion Our results suggest that DORAs are associated with greater efficacy when compared with placebo in the treatment of insomnia, a complex 24-hour sleep disorder. Additionally, dosing might play an important role in the management of chronic insomnia.

Resumo Antecedentes Inúmeros ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECRs) têm demonstrado que os antagonistas duais do receptor de orexina (dual orexin receptor antagonists, DORAs, em inglês) são eficazes no tratamento da insônia. Contudo, restam dúvidas quanto à superioridade de um DORA com relação aos outros. Objetivo Realizar uma meta-análise em rede para avaliar a eficácia de diferentes DORAs em pacientes com insônia. Métodos Foram feitas buscas nas bases de dados Medline, Embase e Cochrane Central por ECRs que comparassem DORAs e placebo em pacientes ≥ 18 anos de idade com diagnóstico de insônia. Os seguintes desfechos foram selecionados: tempo desperto após o início do sono (wake time after sleep onset, WASO, em inglês), latência para o sono persistente (latency to persistent sleep, LPS, em inglês), tempo total de sono (total sleep time, TST, em inglês), e efeitos adversos (EAs). Resultados Incluímos 10 ensaios clínicos com 7,806 pacientes, 4,849 dos quais receberam DORAs como intervenção. Os DORAs foram associados à melhoria de todos os desfechos de eficácia analisados. Em relação ao TST, um aparente padrão de dependência da dose foi identificado, com doses maiores se associando a um maior TST. Lemborexant 10 mg proporcionou a maior redução em WASO (no primeiro mês) em minutos (diferença padronizada das médias [standardized mean difference, [SMD], em inglês) = −25.40; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] = −40.02- −10.78), seguido de suvorexant 20/15mg (SMD = −25.29; IC95% = −36.42- −14.15), o qual também proporcionou a maior diminuição em WASO no longo prazo (SMD = −23.70; IC95% = −35.89- −11.51). Os EAs mais frequentes foram sonolência, nasofaringite e cefaleia, com taxas de até 14.8%. Conclusão Nossos resultados sugerem que os DORAs estão associados a uma maior eficácia quando comparados com placebo no tratamento da insónia, um complexo transtorno do sono de 24 horas. Além disso, a dosagem pode desempenhar um papel importante no manejo da insónia crônica.

A Study on Internet and Gaming Addiction, Hikikomori Trait and Insomnia Status among Medical Undergraduates at one of Cities of Western India

Background: College students appear more vulnerable in developing a dependence on the internet. Individuals with hikikomori are frequently reported to have social contact predominantly via the internet. Objectives: To find the prevalence of Internet addiction, gaming Addiction, Hikikomori Trait and Insomnia amongst medical undergraduates and to study their association with various determinants. Methodology: The present Cross-Sectional study was conducted among first to final-year medical students studying at various medical colleges in Indian City from February to May 2021. Data collection was done after obtaining the ethical permission of the Institute. A total of 400 students who gave consent were sent an electronic questionnaire. Results: The mean age of study participants was 20 ± 1.58 years. Internet addiction was present in 189(47.2%) participants, gaming addiction in 128 (32%) students and Hikikomori Trait was found in 98(24.5%) students. There was a statistically significant association between different grades of insomnia and internet, gaming addiction, and hikikomori trait (<?0.0001) in the present study. Conclusion: Internet addiction was present in almost half of the medical students while gaming addiction was seen in nearly one third of the students. Male gender and hostel stay had a statistically significant association with internet addiction, gaming addiction, insomnia and hikikomori trait.

O arquétipo do mestre-aprendiz - Considerações sobre a vivência / The master-apprentice archetype ­ Considerations about the experience / El arquetipo del maestro-aprendiz ­ Consideraciones sobre la vivencia

A partir de sua experiência como professora e como aluna, a autora tece reflexões sobre o campo de interação constelado pelo arquétipo do mestre-aprendiz. O "Teatro Arquetípico", ou "Mitodrama", é apresentado tal como é formulado por sua autora, tal como tem sido realizado numa disciplina do curso de graduação em Psicologia, e tal como pode ser enriquecido em alguns aspectos por contribuições de Erich Neumann sobre a fase do self corporal e de Juana Elbein dos Santos sobre o sistema Nagô. O artigo faz ainda algumas considerações sobre as relações e as diferenças entre a psicoterapia e a pedagogia, e termina por ressaltar a importância da palavra que "rasga a fantasia", permitindo o fluir da elaboração simbólica embasada no vivido.

Drawing from her experience as both a professor and a student, the author reflects upon the field of interaction constellated by the master-apprentice archetype. The "Archetypal Theater", or "Mythodrama", is presented as it is formulated by its author, as it is implemented in a course within the undergraduate Psychology program at the University of Sao Paulo, and as it can be enriched in certain aspects by contributions from Erich Neumann regarding the phase of the body-self and from Juana Elbein dos Santos regarding the Nagô system. The article also offers some considerations on the relationships and differences between psychotherapy and pedagogy and concludes by emphasizing the importance of the words, which allow the flow of symbolic elaboration grounded on experience.

A partir de su experiencia como profesora y como alumna, la autora teje reflexiones sobre el campo de interacción constelado por el arquetipo del maestro-aprendiz. El "Teatro Arquetípico", o "Mitodrama", se presenta tal como es formulado por su autora, tal como ha sido realizado en una disciplina del curso de graduación en Psicología, y tal como puede ser enriquecido en algunos aspectos por contribuciones de Erich Neumann sobre la fase del self corporal y de Juana Elbein dos Santos sobre el sistema Nagô. El artículo hace aún algunas consideraciones sobre las relaciones y diferencias entre la psicoterapia y la pedagogía, y termina por resaltar la importancia de la palabra que "rasga la fantasia", permitiendo el fluir de la elaboración simb6lica basada en lo vivido.

No país do futebol, como se ensina a jogar? Um estudo de revisão / In the country of football, how to teach to play? A systematic review study / En el país del fútbol, ¿cómo enseñar a jugar? Un estudio de revisión sistemática

O objetivo da presente investigação consiste em identificar e descrever estudos empíricos nacionais que se debrucem sobre os processos de ensino, vivência, aprendizagem e treinamento do futebol, em diferentes níveis de prática no contexto brasileiro. Foi realizada uma revisão do tipo overview em 39 periódicos nacionais (QUALIS CAPES 2013-2016, área 21), entre os anos 2001 e 2021. Os 12 artigos selecionados, produzidos em quatro regiões do Brasil, discutiram três principais temáticas: métodos de ensino; formação e atuação de treinadores; e prática dos atletas. Os achados alinham-se aos principais temas discutidos pela Pedagogia do Esporte, mas também apontam para uma importante lacuna na agenda investigativa da área, quanto a pesquisas que visam compreender os variados aspectos constituintes dos ambientes futebolísticos brasileiros.

The aim of this investigation is to identify and describe studies national empirical studies that focus on the processes of teaching, experience, football learning and training, at different levels of practice in the context Brazilian. An overview review was carried out in 39 national journals (QUALIS CAPES 2013-2016, area 21), between the years 2001 and 2021. The 12 articles selected, produced in four regions of Brazil, discussed three main themes: teaching methods; formation and performance of coaches; and practice of athletes. The findings are in line with the main themes discussed by Sport Pedagogy, but also point to an important gap in the investigative agenda of the area, regarding the research that aims to understand the various constituent aspects of environments understand the various constituent aspects of Brazilian football environments.

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar y describir los estudios empíricos nacionales que se centran en los procesos de enseñanza, experiencia, aprendizaje y entrenamiento de fútbol, en diferentes niveles de práctica en el contexto Brasileño. Se realizó una revisión general en 39 revistas nacionales (QUALIS CAPES 2013-2016, área 21), entre los años 2001 y 2021. Los 12 artículos seleccionados, producidos en cuatro regiones de Brasil, discutieron tres principales temas: métodos de enseñanza; formación y desempeño de entrenadores; y práctica de los atletas. Los hallazgos están en línea con los principales temas discutidos por la Pedagogía del Deporte, pero también apuntan a un importante vacío en la agenda investigativa del área, en cuanto a la investigación que tiene como objetivo comprender los diversos aspectos constitutivos de los entornos del fútbol brasileño.

Calidad de sueño en docentes en una institución educativa durante la emergencia sanitaria COVID-19, Perú, 2021

Objetivo: La pandemia del COVID-19 afectó la calidad de vida de la población a nivel mundial. Los países tomaron varias medidas de protección para evitar el contagio como el aislamiento social, el teletrabajo y la educación a distancia. A medida que las escuelas cerraron, los maestros se encargaron principalmente de la enseñanza en línea. El objetivo principal fue determinar la calidad de sueño en los docentes de una institución educativa pública en el distrito de Máncora, Perú, durante el aislamiento social en pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal y prospectivo. Se usó el cuestionario de Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh en 59 docentes de los niveles educativos inicial, primario y secundario que utilizaron la modalidad de educación a distancia de marzo a diciembre del 2021. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 44,3 ± 8,89 años. Las mujeres fueron 64,4 %; los docentes con especialidad, es decir, el área que enseñaba el docente, 55,9 %. Los de nivel secundario fueron el 55,9 %; el nivel primario, 30,5 %, y el nivel inicial, 13,6 %. Los parámetros de calidad de sueño afectados fueron los siguientes: 69,5 % presentaron mala calidad de sueño; 67,8 %, inadecuada latencia de sueño, y 61,00 %, duración de sueño menor de 5 horas. El 27,1 % presentó eficiencia habitual del sueño menor al 65 % y 49,2 % reportó perturbaciones del sueño. Asimismo, 50,8 % usaron medicación hipnótica más de una vez a la semana. Por último, el 39 % presentó severa disfunción diurna. Se encontró asociación entre la calidad de sueño con los componentes calidad subjetiva del sueño, latencia de sueño, duración del sueño, eficiencia habitual del sueño y disfunción diurna. No hubo asociación con el sexo, nivel educativo y especialidad docente. Conclusiones: Los docentes de una institución educativa en Máncora presentaron alta prevalencia de mala calidad de sueño y los componentes más afectados fueron latencia de sueño, disfunción diurna y perturbaciones del sueño.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the quality of life of the population worldwide. The countries took several protective measures to avoid contagion, including social isolation, teleworking and distance education. As schools closed, teachers took over primarily online teaching. The study main objective was to determine the sleep quality among teachers of a public educational institution in the district of Máncora, Peru, during the COVID-19 pandemic social isolation. Materials and methods: An observational, cross-sectional and prospective study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess 59 preschool, primary and secondary school teachers who taught through distance education from March to December 2021. Results: The average age was 44.3 ± 8.89 years. Women accounted for 64.4 %, specialist teachers-i.e., those who have expertise in a particular field-55.9 %, secondary school teachers 55.9 %, primary school teachers 30.5 % and preschool teachers 13.6 %. The affected sleep quality parameters were the following: 69.5 % had poor sleep quality, 67.8 % inadequate sleep latency, 61 % sleep duration of less than five hours, 27.1 % habitual sleep efficiency of less than 65 % and 49.2 % sleep disturbances. Moreover, 50.8 % reported using a sleeping medication more than once a week and 39 % severe daytime dysfunction. There was an association between sleep quality and the components subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction. Nonetheless, there was no association with sex, educational level and teaching specialty. Conclusions: Teachers of an educational institution in Máncora had a high prevalence of poor sleep quality and the most affected components were sleep latency, daytime dysfunction and sleep disturbances.

Insomnia symptoms during the covid-19 pandemic: a case-control study / Sintomas de insônia durante a pandemia de covid-19: um estudo caso-controle

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify lifestyle-related, sociodemographic, and mental health characteristics of people with insomnia symptoms and people without insomnia during the pandemic. METHODS A case-control study was conducted with data collected by snowball sampling using an online questionnaire. From November 2020 to April 2021, 6,360 people with a mean age of 43.5 years (SD = 14.3) participated in the survey. For this study, we considered 158 cases of insomnia disorder and 476 controls (three controls per case) randomly selected from the participants without sleep problems. RESULTS The results of the comparative analysis between cases and controls showed that sleeping less than six hours daily (OR = 3.89; 95%CI 2.50-6.05), feeling sadness frequently (OR = 2.95; 95%CI 1.69-5.17), residing in metropolitan areas (OR = 1.71; 95%CI 1.04-2.84), being 40 years or older (OR = 1.93; 95%CI 1.22-3.06), and the interaction between occupation and poorer education (OR = 2.12; 95%CI 1.22-3.69) were predictors for symptoms of insomnia disorder during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS In addition to confirming the hypothesis that mental health problems are associated with insomnia symptoms, the results point to insomnia as an important outcome for studies on the effects of unemployment, vulnerability and low education of the population, especially in large cities, highlighting that the effects of the crisis on health and the economy are extremely unequally distributed.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Identificar características relacionadas ao estilo de vida, sociodemográficas e saúde mental de pessoas com sintomas de insônia e pessoas sem insônia durante a pandemia. MÉTODOS A partir de dados coletados por amostragem em bola de neve, por meio de um questionário online foi realizado um estudo caso-controle. Durante o período de novembro de 2020 a abril de 2021, 6.360 pessoas com idade média de 43,5 anos (DP = 14,3) participaram da pesquisa. No presente estudo, foram considerados 158 casos de transtorno de insônia e 476 controles (três controles por caso) selecionados aleatoriamente dentre os participantes sem problemas de sono. RESULTADOS Os resultados da análise comparativa entre casos e controles mostraram que dormir menos de seis horas diárias (OR = 3,89; IC95% 2,50-6,05), sentir tristeza frequentemente (OR = 2,95; IC95% 1,69-5,17), residir em metrópoles (OR = 1,71; IC95% 1,04-2,84), estar com 40 anos ou mais (OR = 1,93; IC95% 1,22-3,06) e a interação entre ocupação e escolaridade mais precária (OR = 2,12; IC95% 1,22-3,69) foram fatores preditores para sintomas de transtorno de insônia durante a pandemia. CONCLUSÕES Além da confirmação da hipótese de que problemas de saúde mental estão associados a sintomas de insônia, os resultados apontam para a insônia como um desfecho importante para estudos sobre efeitos do desemprego, vulnerabilidade e baixa escolaridade da população, sobretudo nas grandes metrópoles, ressaltando que os efeitos da crise sobre a saúde e a economia são distribuídos de forma extremamente desiguais.

O desenvolvimento profissional de uma treinadora brasileira de tênis no alto rendimento / The professional development of a Brazilian coach in high-performance tennis / El desarrollo profesional de una entrenadora brasileña de tenis en el alto rendimiento

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar as experiências que contribuíram para a ascensão de uma treinadora brasileira de tênis no alto rendimento. Para isso, esta pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa foi orientada por meio de um estudo de caso único. No momento do estudo, Fernanda tinha 30 anos de idade e 12 anos de experiência como treinadora em nível nacional e internacional. Enquanto estratégias para a coleta dos dados, foram utilizados nesta ordem: a Rappaport timeline e a entrevista semiestruturada. A análise desses dados foi conduzida por meio das orientações da análise temática reflexiva. Os resultados versam pelos seguintes temas: (a) Influência, Conexão e Inspiração: Personagens Fundamentais; (b) Perfil Promissor e Acolhimento no Contexto; e (c) Desenvolvimento Enquanto Treinadora: Os Constantes Aprendizados e Questionamentos no Percurso. De modo geral, Fernanda teve uma trajetória orientada por relações de influência com personagens de seu contexto. Os momentos fora de sua zona de conforto contribuíram para a definição de estratégias que visem suprir as necessidades e avançar perante as barreiras identificadas.(AU)

This study aimed to identify and analyze the content developed in competitive Rhythmic Gymnastics (RG) sports initiation. We interviewed six coaches who worked in basic categories of medalist clubs in the 2019 Brazilian RG Championships. From the thematic analysis, five themes emerged: (1) Specialize versus Expand: factors that limit and contribute to physical-motor development in RG sports initiation; (2) Body positioning is a "rule" in RG; (3) Body difficulties: training to learn or training to compete?; (4) From an accessory element to an essential element: the valorization of RG's apparatus; (5) Within the rules and outside of training: The artistic component in RG. We suggest that the content must respect gymnasts' characteristics, their health, long-term training, and their integral development. As they are children, results would not be a priority at this stage, and the content should be established based on the RG's future vision.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido identificar y analizar el contenido desarrollado en la iniciación deportiva competitiva de la Gimnasia Rítmica (GR). Entrevistamos a seis entrenadoras de las categorías de base de instituciones medallistas en al menos una categoría de los Campeonatos Brasileños de GR 2019. A través del análisis temático emergieron cinco temas: (1) Especializar versus ampliar: Factores que limitan y contribuyen al desarrollo físico-motor en la iniciación deportiva de la GR; (2) Posicionamiento corporal es "regla" en la GR; (3) Dificultades corporales: ¿entrenar para aprender o entrenar para competir?; (4) De elemento accesorio a elemento esencial: la valorización los aparatos de GR; (5) Dentro de las reglas y fuera del entrenamiento: el componente artístico en la GR. Sugerimos que el contenido respete las características, la salud, formación a largo plazo y desarrollo integral de las gimnastas. Al tratarse de niñas, los resultados no serían prioridad en esta etapa y el contenido debería apoyarse en la visión de futuro de la modalidad.(AU)

Fatores preditores de insônia em acadêmicos de enfermagem de universidade pública / Factores predictores de insomnio en académicos de enfermería de universidad pública / Predictors of insomnia in public university nursing students

Objetivo: identificar fatores preditores de insônia em estudantes de Enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 199 alunos do 1º ao 10º semestre do curso de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Federal, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a setembro de 2019. Aplicou-se o questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde e o Sense of Coherence de Antonovsky. Resultados: as variáveis renda (p=0,016), tempo de lazer (p=0,021), horas suficientes de sono (p=0,005), uso de drogas psiquiátricas (p=0,002), plano de saúde (p=0,006), menor sensação de coerência (p=0,003), depressão moderada-grave (p=0,004) foram significativas. Regressão logística: as variáveis idade (p=0,008) e raça negra (p=0,028) foram significativas. Conclusão: os fatores sociais, individuais, acadêmicos e de saúde influenciam no desfecho da insônia.

Objetivo: identificar factores predictores de insomnio en estudiantes de Enfermería. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 199 alumnos del 1º al 10º semestre del curso de Enfermería de una Universidad Federal, Brasil. Los datos se recopilaron entre junio y septiembre de 2019. Se aplicó el cuestionario sociodemográfico, y de salud y el Sense of Coherence de Antonovsky. Resultados: las variables renta (p=0,016), tiempo de ocio (p=0,021), horas suficientes de sueño (p=0,005), uso de drogas psiquiátricas (p=0,002), plan de salud (p=0,006), menor sensación de coherencia (p=0,003), depresión moderada-grave (p=0,004) fueron significativas. Regresión logística: las variables edad (p=0,008) y raza negra (p=0,028) fueron significativas. Consideraciones finales: se evidencia que factores sociales, individuales, académicos y de salud influyen en el desenlace del insomnio.

Objective: to identify predictors of insomnia in nursing students. Method: cross-sectional study, conducted with 199 students from the 1st to the 10th semester of the Nursing course of a Federal University, Brazil. Data were collected from June to September 2019. The sociodemographic and health questionnaire and Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence were applied. Results: income (p=0.016), leisure time (p=0.021), sufficient sleep (p=0.005), use of psychiatric drugs (p=0.002), health insurance (p=0.006), lower sense of coherence (p=0.003), moderate-severe depression (p=0.004) were significant. Logistic regression: the variables age (p=0.008) and black race (p=0.028) were significant. Final considerations: social, individual, academic and health factors influence the outcome of insomnia.

An assessment on the implementation of same day antiretroviral therapy initiation in eThekwini clinics, KwaZulu­Natal, South Africa

The World Health Organization (WHO) recom mends same day initiation (SDI) of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all individuals diagnosed with HIV irrespective of CD4+ count or clinical stage. Implementation of program is still far from reaching its goals. This study assessed the level of implementation of same day ART initiation. A longitudinal study was conducted at four primary healthcare clinics in eThekwini municipality KwaZulu Natal. Data was collected between June 2020 to October 2020 using a data extraction form. Data on individuals tested HIV positive, number of SDI of ART; and clinicians working on UTT program were compiled from clinic registers, and Three Interlinked Electronic Registers.Net (TIER.Net). Non governmental organisations (NGO) supporting the facility and services information was collected. Among the 403 individuals who tested HIV positive, 279 (69.2%) were initiated on ART on the same day of HIV diagnosis from the four facilities. There was a significant association between health facility and number of HIV positive individuals initiated on SDI (chi square=10.59; P value=0.008). There was a significant association between facilities with support from all NGOs and ART SDI (chi square=10.18; P value=0.015. There was a significant association between staff provision in a facility and SDI (chi square=7.51; P value=0.006). Urban areas clinics were more likely to have high uptake of SDI compared to rural clinics (chi square=11,29; P value=0.003). Implementation of the Universal Test and Treat program varies by facility indi cating the need for the government to monitor and standardize implementation of the policy if the program is to yield success.

Biological, physical fitness and motor coordination profile and its associations with the performance of practitioners of rhythmic gymnastics at sports initiation: a systematic review / Perfil biológico, de aptidão física e de coordenação motora e suas associações com o desempenho de praticantes de ginástica rítmica em iniciação esportiva: uma revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT Describing the biological, physical fitness and motor coordination profile and its possible associations of these variables with the performance on rhythmic gymnastics (RG) of practitioners of sports initiation. Systematic search of articles carried out from the 20th to the 23rd of July, 2022, on three databases: 1) PubMed; 2) SportDiscus and 3) Google Scholar. The search was conducted through an advanced research tool, from the constructing of descriptors and keywords related to the theme. The selection of descriptors and keywords was performed through consensus of published sources (original and of systematic review articles) and inserted in English language in each database. 10 articles were included in the descriptive summary of data. The greatest part of these studies is of female practitioners, having the data collection in its majority in the European region. The profile of beginner gymnasts was characterized by low values for BMI, BF%, high values for stature, high indexes of flexibility, explosive strength, motor coordination and balance. Flexibility, explosive strength, muscular endurance and high levels of motor coordination were the variables which most presented positive associations with the performance on RG. The values of body mass and skin folds presented a predictive negative power on the success of RG movements. The impact of different variables on the beginner gymnasts' performance evidences the necessity of working physical and motor components in a way that it supports the objects of development of each practitioner considering the biological, physical and motor aspects.

RESUMO Descrever o perfil biológico, de aptidão física e de coordenação motora e compreender as possíveis associações entre essas variáveis com o desempenho na ginástica rítmica (GR) de praticantes de iniciação esportiva. Busca sistemática dos artigos realizada de 20 a 23 de julho de 2022 em três bases de dados: 1) PubMed; 2) SportDiscus e 3) Google Scholar. A busca foi realizada mediante ferramenta de pesquisa avançada, a partir da construção de descritores e palavras-chave relacionadas à temática. A seleção dos descritores e palavras-chave foi realizada por meio de consenso em fontes publicadas (artigos originais e de revisão sistemática) e inseridas na língua inglesa em todas base de dados. 10 artigos foram incluídos na síntese descritiva dos dados. A maior parte destes estudos eram com praticantes do sexo feminino, com coleta de dados realizados na sua maioria na região Europeia. O perfil das ginastas iniciantes foi caracterizado por baixos valores para IMC, %GC, altos valores para estatura, altos índices de flexibilidade, força explosiva, coordenação motora e equilíbrio. A flexibilidade, a força explosiva, a resistência muscular e altos níveis de coordenação motora foram as variáveis que mais apresentaram associações positivas com o desempenho na GR. Já os valores de massa corporal e dobras cutâneas apresentam um poder preditivo negativo no sucesso dos movimentos da GR. O impacto de diferentes variáveis no desempenho de ginastas iniciantes, evidencia a necessidade de trabalhar componentes físicos e motores de modo que atenda os objetos de desenvolvimento de cada praticante considerando os aspectos biológicos, físicos e motores

Expressions of eukaryotic initiation factor-4B and eukaryotic initiation factor-5A in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their effects on cell proliferation in vitro / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the expressions of eukaryotic initiation factor-4B (eIF4B) and eukaryotic initiation factor-5A (eIF5A) in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, and to analyze their regulatory effects on cell proliferation in vitro.Methods:The clinical data of 61 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma who received surgical resection at Yuncheng Central Hospital from January 2020 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The postoperative tumor tissues and paracancerous normal thyroid tissues (>1 cm from the margin of the mass) were retained. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of eIF4B, eIF5A and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in different tissues. The correlation of eIF4B, eIF5A expressions with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients, and the relationship between eIF4B, eIF5A and PCNA were analyzed. The thyroid cancer cell line SW1736 and normal thyroid cell line HT-ori3 were selected. The expressions of eIF4B mRNA and eIF5A mRNA were detected by using real-ime quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After the small interfering RNA (siRNA) of siRNA-eIF4B and siRNA-eIF5A were synthesized, the interfering plasmids were constructed, and SW1736 cells were transfected, siRNA-eIF4B group and siRNA-eIF5A group were obtained; the empty plasmid transfection group and the blank control group without transfection intervention were established. The cell proliferation activity was detected by using CCK-8 assay, and the expression of PCNA mRNA was detected by using qRT-PCR.Results:The positive rates of eIF4B and eIF5A in papillary thyroid cancer tissues were higher than those in paracancerous normal thyroid tissues [65.57% (40/61) vs. 29.51% (18/61), 57.38% (35/61) vs. 9.84% (6/61), P < 0.001]. The positive rates of eIF4B and eIF5A were statistically different in patients with different tumor diameter [>3 cm vs. ≤3 cm: 88.89% (16/18) vs. 55.81% (24/43),77.78% (14/18) vs. 48.84% (21/43), all P < 0.05], lymph node metastasis [with vs. without: 85.00% (17/20) vs. 56.10% (23/41), 80.00% (16/20) vs. 46.34% (19/41), all P < 0.05] and the number of different nodes [multiple vs. single: 86.67% (13/15) vs. 58.70% (27/46), 86.67% (13/15) vs. 47.83% (22/46), all P < 0.05]; there were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates of eIF4B and eIF5A among patients with different age and gender (all P > 0.05). Positive correlation was found between eIF4B score and the positive cell proportion of PCNA ( r = 0.66, P = 0.0324), eIF5A score and the positive cell proportion of PCNA ( r = 0.62, P = 0.024), eIF4B score and eIF5A score ( r = 0.63, P = 0.021). The expression levels of eIF4B mRNA and eIF5A mRNA in thyroid cancer cell line SW1736 cell was higher than that of HT-ori3 cell in normal thyroid (all P < 0.05). The cell proliferation activity of SW1736 and PCNA mRNA expression level in siRNA-eIF4B group and siRNA-eIF5A group were lower than those in the empty vector transfected group and the blank control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:eIF4B and eIF5A are expressed elevated in papillary thyroid carcinoma, and both are involved in tumor development and progression. The role of eIF4B and eIF5A may be related to promoting the proliferation of tumor cells.

Curative effects of Beck's cognitive therapy combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation on post-stroke sleep disorders in patients / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the curative effects of Beck's cognitive therapy (BCT) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on post-stroke sleep disorders in patients.Methods:A total of 120 patients with post-stroke sleep disorders who were diagnosed and treated in Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine between January and December 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to undergo TMS (TMS group), BCT (BCT group), or TMS plus BCT (combined group) ( n = 40/group). Before and after treatment, sleep quality and mental state scores were evaluated in each group. Results:After treatment, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score in the combined group [(5.68 ± 0.33) points] was significantly lower than that in the TMS group [(9.11 ± 0.83) points] and BCT group [(11.37 ± 1.06) points, F = 512.63, P < 0.001]. Sleep efficiency in the combined group [(56.73 ± 2.62)%] was significantly higher than that in the TMS group [(39.55 ± 3.02)%] and BCT group [(35.23 ± 1.41)%, F = 863.59, P < 0.001]. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores were significantly lower in the combined group compared with the TMS and BCT groups ( F = 412.52, 310.60, both P < 0.001). Conclusion:BCT combined with TMS can effectively improve sleep quality and reduce negative emotions in patients with post-stroke sleep disorders.

Effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with music biofeedback on insomnia / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with music biofeedback on insomnia.Methods:Sixty patients with insomnia who received treatment in Outpatient Department of Seventh People's Hospital of Dongyang from January to August 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into an observation group ( n = 30) and a control group ( n = 30) using the random number table. The control group was given music biofeedback therapy and conventional drug treatment, and the observation group was treated with rTMS based on music biofeedback therapy. The changes in polysomnography sleep structure and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score after 1 month of treatment relative to before treatment were determined in each group. Results:After 1 month of treatment, the total sleep time, sleep efficiency, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, non-REM sleep phase II (N2%) and non-REM sleep phase III (N3%) in the observation group were (419.87 ± 42.63) minutes, (83.69 ± 13.39)%, (25.27 ± 3.26)%, (53.75 ± 11.36)% and (16.27 ± 2.25)%, respectively, and they were (388.74 ± 40.39) minutes, (76.38 ± 13.17)%, (23.16 ± 2.68)%, (51.62 ± 12.27)%, and (14.36 ± 2.21)%, respectively. There were significant differences in these indices between the two groups ( t = -2.90, -2.13, -2.22, -2.26, -3.31, P = 0.005, 0.037, 0.030, 0.027, 0.002). The sleep latency, actual wake time, numbet of awakenings, non-REM sleep phase I (N1%), and total score of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in the observation group were (24.16 ± 7.82) minutes, (23.18 ± 6.95) minutes, (1.76 ± 0.28) times, (9.74 ± 2.12)%, (9.17 ± 1.56) minutes, respectively. They were (28.35 ± 7.74) minutes, (28.36 ± 7.21) minutes, (2.25 ± 0.79) times, (11.12 ± 1.17)%, and (10.26 ± 1.42) minutes, respectively in the control group. There were significant differences in these indices between the two groups ( t = 2.09, 2.83, 3.20, 3.12, 2.83, P = 0.041, 0.006, 0.002, 0.003, 0.038). Conclusion:rTMS combined with music biofeedback for the treatment of insomnia can effectively improve sleep quality in patients with insomnia.

A study of the influence of the level of transvaginal birth experience on the timing of postpartum lactation initiation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the current status of women′s level of birth experience and lactation initiation time and explore the effect of level of birth experience on lactation initiation time.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A convenience sampling method was used to select 622 maternal cases attending the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from November, 2020 to January, 2021, and the distribution of their labor experience level and lactation initiation time was investigated by questionnaire and follow-up assessment.Results:There were 622 women with transvaginal deliveries who had lactation initiation times of more than 72 h in 241 cases (38.75%). The scores for each dimension of the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) were (49.63 ± 8.58)points, and the scores for each dimension of CEQ were perceived safety, professional support, involvement and self-efficacy in descending order. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the scores on each dimension of CEQ and the total score and lactation initiation time ( r values were -0.436 to -0.146, all P<0.01). Stratified regression analysis showed that after controlling for age, number of births, gestational weeks of labour, illness during pregnancy and labour analgesia as the underlying variables affecting lactation initiation time, the scores for self-efficacy, involvement, perceived safety and professional support in the CEQ all affected lactation initiation time after delivery ( t values were -6.76 to -2.02, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The birth experience and lactation of women who deliver via vaginal birth need to be taken into account. The more negative the birth experience, the longer the lactation initiation time. The women′s involvement in the birth process, their own competence, perceived safety and level of professional support are all valid influencing indicators of lactation initiation time.

Research progress on the correlation between early life adversity and the puberty initiation / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Earlier onset of puberty has become a worldwide trend.A large number of epidemiologic and animal experiment evidences have indicated that environmental changes in the early life may influence development plasticity and cause structural and functional changes, which are correlated with adult chronic diseases.The impact of fluctuations in environmental factors on the reproductive phenotype of offspring has been well concerned in recent years.This review summarizes the influences of nutritional state, endocrine disrupting chemicals, hormonal perturbation and stressful events during the prenatal and early childhood on the puberty initiation, especially neuroendocrine changes in puberty, thus providing a new idea for the prevention and control of pubertal disorders.

5'-tiRNA-Gln inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by repressing translation through the interaction with eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I / 医学前沿

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs that are involved in the occurrence and progression of diverse diseases. However, their exact presence and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Here, differentially expressed tsRNAs in HCC were profiled. A novel tsRNA, tRNAGln-TTG derived 5'-tiRNA-Gln, is significantly downregulated, and its expression level is correlated with progression in patients. In HCC cells, 5'-tiRNA-Gln overexpression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while 5'-tiRNA-Gln knockdown yielded opposite results. 5'-tiRNA-Gln exerted its function by binding eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I (EIF4A1), which unwinds complex RNA secondary structures during translation initiation, causing the partial inhibition of translation. The suppressed downregulated proteins include ARAF, MEK1/2 and STAT3, causing the impaired signaling pathway related to HCC progression. Furthermore, based on the construction of a mutant 5'-tiRNA-Gln, the sequence of forming intramolecular G-quadruplex structure is crucial for 5'-tiRNA-Gln to strongly bind EIF4A1 and repress translation. Clinically, 5'-tiRNA-Gln expression level is negatively correlated with ARAF, MEK1/2, and STAT3 in HCC tissues. Collectively, these findings reveal that 5'-tiRJNA-Gln interacts with EIF4A1 to reduce related mRNA binding through the intramolecular G-quadruplex structure, and this process partially inhibits translation and HCC progression.

Loss of RBFOX2 inhibits meiotic initiation in male mice / 生物工程学报

Meiotic initiation is a critical step in gametogenesis. Recently, some genes required for meiotic initiation have been identified. However, meiosis-initiating factors and the underlying mechanisms are far from being fully understood. We have established a long-term culture system of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and an in vitro model of meiotic initiation using mouse SSCs. Our previous study revealed that the RNA-binding protein RBFOX2 may regulate meiotic initiation, but the role and the mechanism need to be further elucidated. In this study, we constructed RBFOX2 knockdown SSC lines by using lentivirus-mediated gene delivery method, and found that the knockdown SSCs underwent normal self-renewal, mitosis and differentiation. However, they were unable to initiate meiosis when treated with retinoic acid, and they underwent apoptosis. These results indicate that RBFOX2 plays an essential role in meiotic initiation of spermatogonia. This work provides new clues for understanding the functions of RNA-binding proteins in meiotic initiation.

Current status and influencing factors of different initiation time of antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of different antiretroviral therapy（ART） initiation times in patients with HIV/AIDS and analyze the relevant characteristics and influencing factors of delayed ART. MethodsFrom December 2018 to December 2020， a survey was conducted among adult HIV/AIDS patients treated in 28 designated AIDS prevention and treatment institutions in Beijing， Shanghai， Guangdong， Jiangsu， Henan， Jiangxi， Guangxi， Yunnan and other places. Data of the basic demographic information， lifestyle and chronic disease prevalence， and characteristics of diagnosis and treatment were collected. The characteristics and related factors of delayed ART were compared and analyzed. ResultsThe median age of 1 741 patients was 41 years old （IQR： 32‒52）. The initial CD4 count of most patients was less than 200 cells·μL-1（51.4%）. Among them， 1 027 patients had delayed ART （59.0%）， and the association between ART initiation time and initial CD4 count varied with the time of diagnosis of HIV infection. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the older age （aOR=0.99， 95%CI： 0.98‒0.99） was associated with a higher rate of starting ART within 1 month after diagnosis， while those diagnosed before 2017 and with the initial CD4 count >200 cells·μL-1 were more likely to delay ART. Delayed initiation of ART may be a risk factor for poor sleep quality and co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients. ConclusionWith the expansion of free ART in China， the proportion of delayed ART with HIV/AIDS shows a downward trend. Timely ART management should be strengthened for the young HIV/AIDS patients and patients with high CD4 counts.