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Objective To explore the impact of nurse-led multidisciplinary collaborative nutrition inter-vention on the nutritional indicators in the patients with stroke.Methods A total of 100 patients with stroke admitted in this hospital from January to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the observation group and control group by the propensity score matching,50 cases in each group.The control group was given the traditional nutrition intervention,and the observation group was given the nurse-led mul-tidisciplinary cooperative nutrition intervention.The blood,nutritional and biochemical indicators,physique monitoring indicators and nutritional risk indicators were compared between the two groups.Results The levels of total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),hemoglobin(Hb),prealbumin(PAB),body mass index(BMI),upper arm muscle circumference(AMC)and triceps skin fold thickness(TSF)on 21 d after admission in both groups were increased compared with those on 2,15 d after admission,and which on 15 d after admission were higher than those on 2 d after admission(P<0.05),moreover the above indicators levels on 15,21 d after ad-mission in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statisti-cally significant(P<0.05).Body mass index(BMI),upper arm circumference(AMC)and triceps skinfold thickness(TSF)in both groups on 21 d of admission were higher than those on 2,15 d of admission(P<0.05).The nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS2002)score on 21 d after admission in the two groups were decreased compared with those on 2,15 d after admission,while which on 15 d after admission was decreased compared with that on 2 d after admission,moreover the NRS2002 score on 15,21 d after admission in the ob-servation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Giving the nurse-led multidisciplinary cooperative nutrition intervention could im-prove the blood nutritional and biochemical indicators and physique monitoring indicators,and reduce the nu-tritional risk of the patients with stroke.
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BACKGROUND:Red light therapy has the non-invasive and cost-effective characteristics,and is widely used in various acute and chronic pains in clinic.However,currently,the phototherapy equipment used in clinic is expensive and has certain site limitations,so it is necessary to explore more convenient and economical phototherapy applications. OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of a self-developed photon cervical vertebra massage instrument for chronic neck pain. METHODS:From November 2022 to February 2023,24 patients with chronic neck pain were recruited from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,including 18 females and 6 males,with a mean age of(29.67±6.40)years.The body mass index was(21.39±3.52)kg/m2.Photon cervical vertebra massage instrument was used twice a day for 20 minutes each time for four weeks.The changes in visual analog scale score,pressure pain threshold,neck active activity,neck disability index,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were observed before,after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with before treatment,after four weeks of treatment,visual analog scale score,pressure pain threshold,neck disability index,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were all improved(P<0.05),while some cervical motion(extension,left and right rotation)improved(P<0.05)after 4 weeks of treatment.(2)Bilateral visual analog scale scores,left trapezius muscle pressure pain threshold,C5C6 pressure pain threshold,and neck disability index improved after 2 weeks of treatment(P<0.05).(3)It is indicated that the application of photon cervical vertebra massage instrument can improve the pain score,muscle tenderness,sleep quality,functional level,and partial active activity of patients with chronic neck pain in a short period,and is a convenient,effective,and safe treatment method.
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Objective To study the effect of incentive and target assessment mechanism on the operation and manage-ment efficiency of nurse-led clinics.Methods 45 cases in the nurse-led clinic managed by the target assessment mechanism in our hospital from June to December 2021 were selected as the control group,and 46 cases managed by the incentive joint target assessment mechanism in our hospital from February to July 2022 were selected as the observation group.The annual workload,doctors'recognition of nurses,nursing quality and self-efficacy scale(GSES)scores before and after intervention were compared between the two groups,and the satisfaction of nurses in charge of patients was compared between the two groups.Results Be-fore intervention,there was no difference in the annual workload between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the an-nual workload of the two groups increased,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Before inter-vention,there was no difference in the scores of recognition degree between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of communication ability,quality management ability,emergency ability,independent work ability and specialist problem solving ability of the two groups increased,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Before inter-vention,there was no difference in nursing quality score between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the quality of nursing cases,the quality of patient safety management,the quality of post work and the total mean score of the two groups were increased,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no difference in GSES scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,GSES scores of the two groups increased,and the obser-vation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).The total satisfaction rate of patients in observation group was 96.25% ,higher than 86.25% in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The incentive and target assessment mechanism can significantly improve nurses'annual workload and nursing quality,doctors'recognition of nurses and patients'satisfaction with nursing.
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The present study analyzed the microhardness and degree of conversion of three Bulk Fill resins (M1 - Filtek Bulk Fill; M2 - Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill and M3 - Opus Bulk Fill) polymerized by single peak and polywave Light-emitting Diode Curing Lights. A total 90 test specimens (n=10) were obtained using a Teflon matrix for the purpose of testing microhardness; and for degree of conversion: 135 specimens (n=5) by using a 2 x 6 cm matrix. The specimens were light polymerized using 3 light sources (L1 - Optilight Max, L2 - Bluephase, L3 - VALO). They were kept in artificial saliva om an oven at 37±1°C during the experiment. The degree of conversion was measured by FTIR 24 h after obtaining each test specimen. The microhardness readouts were performed with a microdurometer at the time intervals of 48 hours (T0), 7 days (T1), 14 days (T2) and 21 days (T3). M1L3 was found to show the highest microhardness values in T2, and M1 showed the lowest degree of conversion in the deep third with L1. It was concluded that Filtek Bulk Fill resin showed the best results in comparison with the other resins.
El presente estudio analizó la microdureza y el grado de conversión de tres resinas Bulk Fill (M1 - Filtek Bulk Fill; M2 - Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill y M3 - Opus Bulk Fill) polimerizadas por lámparas de curado de diodo emisor de luz de pico único y polionda. Se obtuvieron un total de 90 especímenes de prueba (n=10) utilizando una matriz de teflón con el propósito de probar la microdureza; y para grado de conversión: 135 especímenes (n=5) utilizando una matriz de 2 x 6 cm. Las muestras se fotopolimerizaron utilizando 3 fuen- tes de luz (L1 - Optilight Max, L2 - Bluephase, L3 - VALO). Se mantuvieron en saliva artificial en estufa a 37 ±1°C durante el experimento. El grado de conversión se midió por FTIR 24 h después de obtener cada muestra de prueba. Las lecturas de microdureza se realizaron con un microdurómetro en los intervalos de tiempo de 48 horas (T0), 7 días (T1), 14 días (T2) y 21 días (T3). Se encontró que M1L3 mostraba los valores más altos de microdureza en T2, y M1 mostraba el grado más bajo de conversión en el tercio profundo con L1. Se concluyó que la resina Filtek Bulk Fill mostró los mejores resultados en comparación con las demás resinas.
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Aim: Cookies from rice, banana and cashew-nut flour blends were prepared as alternative to gluten-free baby-led food for children. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria and Food Processing Laboratory, Department of Food Technology, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Nigeria between August, 2022 and January, 2023. Methodology: Baby-led weaning cookies were formulated from flour blends as 100% raw rice (RRC), 50% rice and 50% wheat (RWC) and 40% rice, 20% cashew and 40% unripe banana (RCB) and their physical properties, sensory attributes, proximate properties, mineral compositions, vitamin profiles and anti-nutrients were determined and compared with 100% commercial cookie (CMC) with the view to substituting wheat flour with suitable flour blends with enhanced nutritional quality. Results: The peak diameter (10.40±0.20 mm), thickness (6.37±0.06 mm) and weight (17.65±0.04 g) were obtained in RCB. Spread ratio was highest (2.66±0.11) and lowest (1.42±0.01) in CMC and RWC respectively while spread factor decreased from 100% in CMC to 77.19% (RRC), 53.46% (RWC) and 62.47% (RWC). The grittiness, texture, aroma, taste and general acceptability of RCB were significantly similar to those of CMC (P < 0.05). Na, K, Mg and Zn contents increased in RCB. Proximate compositions (%) of the cookies formulated varied significantly from CMC. Peak crude protein (14.49±0.59), crude fibre (4.03±0.02) and fat (32.22±0.00) in RCB, ash (3.28±0.02) and carbohydrate by difference (58.15±0.13) in CMC and moisture (18.19±0.11) in RRC. The peak values of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, C) were most abundant in RCB. The proportions (mg/g) of phytate, oxalate, tannins and phenols in the cookies formulated were comparatively lower than the lethal dose, implying that the cookies would be safe for consumption. Conclusion: RCB cookie had excellent nutritional quality, which, as a novel baby-led weaning cookie, could serve as a suitable alternative to commercial cookies.
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The aggregation of erythrocytes is an important mechanism for blood flow through the cardiovascular system. In malaria, this is complicated by infection caused by P. falciparum and is further complicated by the severity of parasitemia. Hence analysis of this micro-mechanism is essential to know the changes in blood not only in diseased conditions but also after artemisinin combination therapy (ASAQ) to alleviate suffering. For analysis purposes, aggregation of erythrocytes was determined by LED laser aggregometer, represented in terms of various parameters related to the changes in laser transmitted intensity. Formed aggregates are further analyzed by imaging and image-processing methods. For this study blood samples from young adults (18 – 40 years old) infected with P. falciparum (n= 80), without any other serious illness, were performed. These samples were selected based on the severity of parasitemia, and were divided into low (LP), medium1 (MP1), medium 2 (MP2), and high (HP) parasitemia. For three days, the selected individuals were treated with artemisinin-based combination therapy ASAQ (Artesunate 4 mg/kg and amodiaquine 10 mg base/ kg once a day). Healthy subjects (n=20) without any history of the disease were selected as a control group. The results, as obtained by various parameters, show a significant elevation of aggregation of erythrocytes (P< 0.05) in P. falciparum malaria with the increase of parasitemia level. There was a decrease in the aggregation after treatment on day four tending towards normal. Thus the current study shows the potential beneficial role of ASAQ on erythrocytes aggregation, which may contribute to reducing the harmful effects on various organs in P. falciparum-infected blood.
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Background: With the advancement of technology young generation i.e. students are friendlier with the electronic media for communication and understanding the concept. While some students still think that the older method such as use of blackboard is the better way for understanding or explains the concept. There are various studies were conducted to understand the perception of students regarding various teaching and learning media in overall curriculum but very few are conducted in students led seminar. Aim and Objectives: To compare the perception of students to the blackboard presentation and to the power point presentation in students led seminar. Material and Methods: A pre-designed, pretested self-administered questionnaire was prepared regarding perception of students on blackboard and PowerPoint presentation in learning process. Total 15 parameters were included in the questionnaire. Results: In this study 54% of students prefer the PowerPoint presentation (PPT) over the blackboard presentation (46%) as the best teaching method in the seminar. With the PPT presentation better demonstrations of clinical conditions and important points can be recalled during summarization of the topic. Blackboard teaching stimulates the interest and more stress on important point is given. Students and presenter’s interaction is better in Blackboard presentation. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that seminar delivered using PPT was more appreciated and preferred by the students.
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This study collected the questionnaire from the new participants who are middle-aged and elderly people in project of incentives led by local governments. This study focuses on the exercise group and non-exercise groups proportion of pefered incentives and the correlation of perfered incentives in these two groups. This study analyzed 9,590 middle-aged and elderly people who participated in a health promotion project with incentives and answered a questionnaire during the period of participation. The incentives were included 4 types: (1.) regional gift cards; (2.) national gift cards; (3.) rewards points that could be used at department stores and convenience stores nationwide, and (4.) donations. The result shows that both non-exercise and exercise groups preferred financial incentives over non-financial incentives. By type of monetary incentive, non-exercise group were more likely to prefer national gift certificates 1.39 times (OR: 1.39, 95%CI: 1.03-1.89); significantly more likely to prefer rewards point 1.44 times (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.07-1.95) over non-monetary incentives compared to exercise group. Among the middle-aged and elderly people who participated in a health promotion program with incentives, the majority of two groups showed the preference that financial incentives over nonfinancial incentives. Comparing monetary incentives, both groups preferred local gift certificates than national gift certificates and rewards point.
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Objective:To simulate the spot characteristics of light emitting diode (LED) array light sources used in non-invasive phototherapy at different distances and to provide reference for the formulation of clinical non-invasive phototherapy treatment schemes.Methods:The ray tracing module in Comsol software was used to simulate the spot characteristics of LED light sources with different power and arrays at different distances, and the fitting curve was analyzed. The model was verified by the actual LED spot measurement, and the feasibility of the treatment scheme was verified by the mouse back wound model.Results:Under the irradiation of 2×2 LED light source array, with the increase of the vertical distance from the light source, the area of the effective area and the treatment area gradually increased, the power density value in the area gradually decreased, and the uniformity gradually increased. These changes showed a linear or binomial correlation with the vertical distance. The model was improved based on the actual LED light spot, and the new model consisted of an array of 18 LEDs as the light source, and the treatment area showed better uniformity and power density values. The simulated optical parameters were used to treat mice’s wounds with light, and the results showed that light treatment could promote wound healing.Conclusions:The established medical LED array light source spot characteristics simulation can provide a reference for the development of clinical non-invasive phototherapy protocols, thus helping the clinic select the appropriate LED power and array distribution according to the treatment needs and also providing a basis for the development of medical LED array light sources.
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Objective:To explore the effect of nurse led cooperative integrated nursing model in children with hypospadias, provide reference for the integration of collaborative medical care and patient care, improve the nursing level of nurses and the quality of child care.Methods:By adopting a quasi experimental study method, from January 2020 to December 2021, the clinical data of 84 male children undergoing hypospadias surgery in the Department of Urology, Children ′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed, and 84 accompanying staff were included in the study. Among them, 42 children admitted from January to December 2020 and 42 accompanying staff served as the control group, and 42 children admitted from January to December 2021 and 42 accompanying staff served as the intervention group. The control group adopted the routine perioperative nursing mode, and the intervention group adopted the nurse-led collaborative integrated nursing mode. The anxiety and satisfaction of the caregivers in the two groups, the medical fear, medical compliance and postoperative pain of the children in the two groups, and the incidence of postoperative complications of the children in the two groups were compared. Results:After intervention, the satisfaction score of the intervention group ′s accompanying staff and the score of the patient ′s medical compliance were (96.46 ± 3.27) and (2.93 ± 0.89) points. The control group ′s scores were (85.24 ± 5.71) and (1.75 ± 0.63) points. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t=9.52, -8.40, both P<0.05). The anxiety score of the accompanying staff in the intervention group was (44.33 ± 2.43) points, and the medical fear score and postoperative pain score of the patients were (20.76 ± 2.92) and (3.06 ± 0.57) points, respectively. The control group′s scores were (67.11 ± 3.36), (33.58 ± 3.84) and (6.24 ± 0.71) points, respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t=23.47, 12.51, 22.66, all P<0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the intervention group was 4.76% (2/42), while in the control group was 52.38% (22/42). The difference was statistically significant ( χ2=23.33, P<0.05). Conclusions:The nurse led collaborative integrated nursing mode has a positive effect on relieving the negative emotions of caregivers and children, improving the satisfaction of hospitalization, improving the quality of care for children, and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications of children.
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Abstract Objective To verify the prevalence of the offer of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), and to analyze their associated factors in the child's first year of life. Methods Cross-sectional study with 119 mother-infant pairs. At 5.5 months of the child, the mothers received guidance on complementary feeding (CF) according to three methods: Parent-Led Weaning (PLW), Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS), or mixed (a combination of PLW and BLISS). At nine and 12 months, the mothers answered a questionnaire about the offer of UPFs. The NOVA classification, which classifies foods according to the nature, extent, and purposes of the industrial processes to which they are subjected, was used to list the UPFs. Descriptive statistics and multivariate Poisson regression, following a multilevel hierarchical model according to the proximity to the outcome, were used to estimate the association between dependent and independent variables. Results The prevalence of UPF consumption was 63% (n = 75) in the first year of life. Receiving guidance on healthy CF in the BLISS method showed to be a protective factor for offering UPFs (RR 0.72; CI95 0.52-0.99). Attending less than six prenatal consultations was a risk factor for the UPFs provision (RR 1.39; CI95 1.07-1.80). Conclusion The prevalence of UPFs offered in the first year of life in this study can be considered high, and future interventions aimed at avoiding UPFs offered in this population should consider the CF method.
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La hipoacusia afecta a más de 1.500 millones de personas mundialmente. Los principales medios de rehabilitación usados son los audífonos e implantes cocleares (IC). El IC eléctrico convierte el sonido en impulsos eléctricos que estimulan, directamente, a las neuronas del ganglio espiral para proveer sensación auditiva. Tiene como desventaja una amplia dispersión espacial de la corriente, limitando la resolución espectral y el rango dinámico de codificación sonoro, lo que conduce a una mala comprensión del habla en entornos ruidosos y mala apreciación de la música. En los últimos años se ha estudiado utilizar estimulación óptica en vez de eléctrica, pues emite estímulos con mayor selectividad espacial. Se han descrito IC ópticos usando luz infrarroja y otros con métodos de optogenética, estos últimos requieren de la expresión de proteínas fotosensibles inducidas por virus adenoasociados. Se ha visto que la selectividad espectral de la estimulación optogenética es indistinguible de la acústica, y permitió tasas de disparo casi fisiológicas con buena precisión temporal hasta 250 Hz de estimulación. Estudios que compararon un sistema de IC óptico con uno eléctrico concluyen que el uso de optogenética permitiría una restauración de la audición con una selectividad espectral mejorada en comparación con un IC eléctrico.
Hearing loss affects more than 1.5 billion people worldwide. The main means of rehabilitation used are hearing aids and cochlear implants (CI). The electrical CI converts sound into electrical impulses that directly stimulate neurons in the spiral ganglion to provide auditory sensation; it has the disadvantage of a wide spatial dispersion of the current, limiting the spectral resolution and the dynamic range of sound coding, which leads to a poor understanding of speech in noisy environments and a poor appreciation of music. In recent years, the use of optical stimulation instead of electrical stimulation have been studied since it emits stimuli with greater spatial selectivity. Optical CIs have been described using infrared light and others using optogenetic methods, the latter requiring the expression of photosensitive proteins induced by adeno-associated viruses. The spectral selectivity of optogenetic stimulation has been found to be indistinguishable from acoustic stimulation and allowed near-physiological firing rates with good temporal accuracy up to 250 Hz stimulation. Studies comparing an optical and an electrical CI system conclude that the use of optogenetics would allow hearing restoration with improved spectral selectivity compared to an electrical CI.
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Cochlear Implantation/methods , Optogenetics/methods , Hearing Loss/rehabilitation , Cochlear ImplantsABSTRACT
Introduction: the use of light emitting diodes (LED) in domestic and public vias have increased in the last 20 years. In addition, the LED light has been used as a light source for medical applications. Objective: since humans are increasingly exposed to LEDs, there is an urgency to investigate the possible biological effects on tissues caused by this exposure. So, researchers have been focused their investigations in the application of this light in the health field. Material and method: in this review, a search in important databases was performed on the biological effects caused after application of different LED light protocols in in vitro and in vivo studies. Result: although most published papers have shown positive results, some of them reported negative biological effects of light LEDs technology on humans' cells/tissues. Conclusion: therefore, the comprehension of the biological effects caused by light LEDs will provide a better assessment of the risks involved using this technology.
Introdução: o uso de diodos emissores de luz ("LED") em vias domésticas e públicas tem aumentado nos últimos 20 anos. Além disso, a luz LED tem sido usada para aplicações médicas. Objetivo: pelo fato de seres humanos estarem cada vez mais expostos aos LEDs, há urgência em investigar os possíveis efeitos biológicos nos tecidos causados por esta exposição. Assim, pesquisadores têm focado suas investigações no uso desta luz na área da saúde. Material e método: nesta revisão foi realizada uma pesquisa em bancos de dados conceituados sobre os efeitos biológicos causados após aplicação de diferentes protocolos de luz LED em estudos in vitro e in vivo. Resultado: embora a maioria dos artigos publicados tenham mostrado resultados positivos, alguns deles relataram efeitos biológicos negativos da tecnologia de LEDs nas células/tecidos humanos. Conclusão: portanto, a compreensão dos efeitos biológicos causados pela luz LED proporcionará uma melhor avaliação dos riscos envolvidos no uso desta tecnologia.
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Phototherapy , Tissues , In Vitro Techniques , Catchment Area, Health , Cells , Lasers, Semiconductor , Curing Lights, DentalABSTRACT
Objective To design and experimentally validate a strobe stimulation experimental system based on LED dimming.Methods The experimental system consisted of a LED dimming system and a physiological data acquisition system.The LED dimming system was composed of a microprocessor system,a LED driver and a LED,which used pulse-width modulation(PWM)technology to modulate the duty cycle and frequency of the drive current to flexibly control the LED light intensity and flicker frequency;Biopac's 16-channel physiological signal recording and analysis system was used as the physiological data acquisition system.Strobe stimulation experiment was carried out to verify the performance of the system developed.Results The strobe stimulation experiment results showed the system developed could control the LED flicker frequency precisely and acquire the electrodermal data and ECG data of the subjects in real time,and the strobe stimulation resulted in changes of the electrodermal data and ECG data.Conclusion The system developed gains advantages in easy operation and can be used for exploring the photobiological effect of the strobe stimulation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(10):33-37]
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Abstract This study evaluates the effect of curing modes and times on the mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Two nanocomposite resins were investigated: suprananohybrid (Estelite Posterior Quick; EP) and nanohybrid (Solare X; SX). They were polymerized with a light-emitting diode light-curing units (LED LCU, Valo) as follows: standard mode for 20s (ST20), high power mode for 12s (HP12), high power mode for 20s (HP20), extra power mode for 6s (XP6), and extra power mode for 20s (XP20). For Vickers microhardness (HV), disc-shaped specimens were fabricated (n=10). For the three-point bending test, bar-shaped specimens were fabricated (n=10). Flexural strength and resilience modulus were calculated. The fractured surfaces and specimen surfaces of composites were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA, two-way variance, and Bonferroni tests (p<0.05). On the top and bottom surfaces of the EP nanocomposite resin, ST20 and HP12 revealed statistically higher HV than with XP6. Moreover, HP20 and XP20 had statistically higher HV than HP12 and XP6. For the SX nanocomposite resin, HP20 had statistically higher HV than HP12. For EP and SX, there were no significant differences in flexural strength and resilience modulus regarding the curing modes and times. Furthermore, SX demonstrated lower mechanical properties than EP. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that both nanocomposites had similar surface appearances. However, with all curing modes and times, SX exhibited layered fractures and more crack formations than EP. Different curing modes and times could influence the microhardness of nanocomposites.
Resumen Este estudio evalúa el efecto del modo y tiempo de fotocurado sobre las propiedades mecánicas de los nanocompuestos. Se investigaron dos resinas nanocompuestas: supra-nanohíbrida (Estelite Posterior Quick; EP) y nanohíbrida (Solare X; SX). Se polimerizaron con unidades de fotopolimerización de diodos emisores de luz (LED LCU, Valo) de la siguiente manera: modo estándar durante 20s (ST20), modo de alta potencia durante 12s (HP12), modo de alta potencia durante 20s (HP20) , modo extra power durante 6s (XP6) y modo extra power durante 20s (XP20). Para la microdureza Vickers (HV), se fabricaron especímenes en forma de disco (n=10). Para el ensayo de flexión de tres puntos, se fabricaron probetas en forma de barra (n=10). Se calcularon la resistencia a la flexión y el módulo de resistencia. Las superficies fracturadas se observaron mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido. Los datos se analizaron con ANOVA varianza de dos vías y pruebas de Bonferroni (p<0,05). En las superficies superior e inferior de la resina nanocompuesta EP, ST20 y HP12 revelaron un HV estadísticamente mayor que con XP6. Además, HP20 y XP20 tenían un HV estadísticamente más alto que HP12 y XP6. Para la resina nanocompuesta SX, HP20 tenía un HV estadísticamente más alto que HP12. Para EP y SX, no hubo diferencias significativas en la resistencia a la flexión y el módulo de resistencia con respecto al modo y tiempo de fotocurado. Además, SX demostró propiedades mecánicas inferiores que EP. La microscopía electrónica de barrido indicó que ambos nanocompuestos son similares en la superficie. Sin embargo, SX exhibió fracturas en capas y más formaciones de grietas que EP. Diferentes modos y tiempos de fotocurado podrían influir en la microdureza de los nanocompuestos.
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Nanocomposites , Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives , TurkeyABSTRACT
Translational research is well-known concept in healthcare still nurse-led translational research is an emerging area of multidisciplinary nursing research. This study intends to offer an in-depth look at translational research and the process for its applications in nursing education, practice, and research. Nurses, educators, researchers, and policymakers will better understand nurse scientists’ expanded role in education and clinical practice. This paper will assist the nurse educators, researchers to stay informed of translational research and its nursing impact. To develop a narrative synthesis study, a detailed systematic literature review was conducted in Pub Med, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, Ovid using the keywords “translational research,” “nursing,” “implementation science,” “barriers in translational research” themes generated in selected paper are discussed in detail in this paper. 32 articles were found to be relevant to discuss the concepts of translational research in nursing practices. In contrast to basic research, translational research works cooperatively to assess the efficacy of evidence from the bench to the bed, from one realm to another. It requires the transparent method for dealing with roadblocks, such as following evidence-based recommendations while assessing evidence, so that policymakers can determine whether to embrace them for the development of the health-care system. Nurse-led translational research under the direction of a nurse scientist has the potential to advance nursing excellence in both clinical and community health settings.
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Introdução: As lesões nervosas periféricas (LNP) podem resultar em distúrbios motores e sensoriais alterando a funcionalidade do membro afetado, porém pouco se conhece a respeito dos efeitos da fotobiomodulação (FBM) com diodo emissor de luz (LED). Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do LED sobre a funcionalidade da marcha de ratos Wistar pós LNP. Metodologia: Ratos Wistar foram submetidos a LNP por esmagamento de ciático e analisados nos seguintes grupos experimentais: (1) Controle; (2) LNP; (3) LNP+ LED (780 nm, potência média 40 mW, exposição radiante, energia por ponto, 3,2 J sobre o nervo ciático (LEDn); (4) LNP+ LED em nervo e região do músculo envolvido (LEDnm) e (5) LNP+ LED apenas em região do músculo (LEDm). Após 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias foram realizadas as análises de marcha utilizando o Índice Funcional Ciático (IFC). Resultado: Após 7 dias, os grupos tratados com LED apresentaram uma melhora da marcha em relação ao grupo Lesão, sendo essa melhora mais pronunciada no grupo LEDn. Após 14 dias, os grupos LEDn e LEDnm apresentaram valores semelhantes ao grupo controle e após 21 e 28 dias o IFC não apresentou diferenças entre os grupos experimentais. Conclusão: O LED aumentou a funcionalidade da marcha avaliada pelo IFC após 1 e 2 semanas pós LNP, especialmente quando foi usado na região nervosa associada ou não à região muscular.
Introduction: Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) can result in motor and sensory disturbances altering the functionality of the affected limb, however not much is known about the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with light emitting diode (LED). Objective: We aimed to analyze the effects of LED on the gait function of Wistar rats after PNI. Methodology: Wistar rats were submitted to PNI by sciatic crush and analyzed in the following experimental groups: (1) Control; (2) PNI; (3) PNI+ LED (780 nm, mean power 40 mW, radiant exposure, energy per spot, 3.2 J on the sciatic nerve) (LEDn); (4) LNP+ LED on nerve and involved muscle region (LEDnm) and (5) LNP+ LED only on muscle region (LEDm). After 7-, 14-, 21- and 28-days gait analyses were performed using the Sciatic Functional Index (SFI). Results: After 7 days, the groups treated with LED showed an improvement in gait compared to the PNI group, with this improvement being more pronounced in the LEDn group. After 14 days, the LEDn and LEDnm groups showed similar values to the control group and after 21 and 28 days the SFI did not show differences between the experimental groups. Conclusion: LED increased the gait functionality evaluated by SFI after 1 and 2 weeks post-PNI, especially when it was used in the nerve region associated or not with the muscle region.
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Abstract Background: Population-based cancer survival is an indicator of the effectiveness of cancer services that reflects the survival of all cancer patients in the population, regardless of socioeconomic status and disease characteristics. Aim: Provision of an up-to-date survival estimate of patients recorded within Cali Population Cancer Registry (RPCC) in 1998-2017. As a second objective, results will be compared with those reported by the CONCORD study for cancers prioritized by the current Ten-Year Cancer Control Plan of Colombia, 2012-2021. Methods: Adult cancer cases (aged 15 to 99 years) for nine cancer types diagnosed between 1998 and 2017, with follow-up to 2018, were obtained from the RPCC. The 5-year age-standardized net survival estimates (NS) were estimated using the Pohar-Perme. The results for the period 1995- 2014 were compared with those reported by the CONCORD study for the following locations: stomach (C16), breast (C50), cervix (C53), prostate (C61), and lung (C33-34). Results: Five-year survival estimates for breast and prostate cancers improved ten percentage points through 2007 (70.8 to 81.1 for breast and 79.9 to 90.2 for prostate) and remained stable during 2008-2017. For cervical cancer, survival estimates has remained stable for the last two decades at 53%. For stomach cancer and lung cancer, five-year NS was lower than 25% over the study period. For colorectal cancer, survival estimates increased from 37.9% in 1998-2002 to 54.8% in 2013-2017. Compared to previous 5-year survival estimates of cases diagnosed in 2010-2014, the estimates in this study are significantly higher than those obtained by CONCORD. Survival estimates of patients diagnosed in 1995-2009 showed no difference to CONCORD study. Conclusions: Periodic update of vital status and date of last contact reduces bias in survival estimates in population-based cancer registries with passive follow-up.
Resumen Antecedentes: La supervivencia del cáncer es un indicador de la eficacia de los servicios oncológicos que refleja la supervivencia de todos los pacientes con cáncer de la población, independientemente del nivel socioeconómico y las características de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Realizar una estimación actualizada de la supervivencia de los pacientes registrados en el Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Cali durante 1998-2017. Como segundo objetivo, los resultados se compararán con los reportados por el estudio CONCORD para los cánceres priorizados por el actual Plan Decenal de Control del Cáncer de Colombia, 2012-2021. Métodos: Los casos de cáncer en adultos (15 a 99 años) para nueve tipos de cáncer diagnosticados entre 1998 y 2017, con seguimiento hasta 2018, se obtuvieron del RPCC. Las estimaciones de supervivencia neta (NS) estandarizada por edad a 5 años se estimaron utilizando el método de Pohar-Perme. Los resultados del periodo 1995-2014 se compararon con los obtenidas por el estudio CONCORD para las siguientes localizaciones: estómago (C16), mama (C50), cuello uterino (C53), próstata (C61) y pulmón (C33-34). Resultados: La SN-5a para los cánceres de mama y próstata mejoró diez puntos porcentuales hasta 2007 (SN=70.8 a 81.1 para mama y NS=79.9 a 90.2 para próstata) y se mantuvo estable durante 2008-2017. Para el cáncer de cuello uterino fue 53% y permaneció estable durante dos décadas. Para el cáncer de estómago y el cáncer de pulmón, la SN-5años fue inferior al 25%. Para cáncer colorrectal las estimaciones de supervivencia aumentaron de 37.9% en 1998-2002 a 54.8% en 2013-2017. En comparación con estimaciones anteriores de supervivencia a 5 años de casos diagnosticados en 2010-2014, las estimaciones de este estudio son significativamente más altas que las obtenidas por CONCORD-3. Para la década 1995-2009 no hubo diferencia. Conclusión: La actualización periódica del estado vital y la fecha de último contacto reduce el sesgo en las estimaciones de supervivencia en los registros de cáncer de base poblacional que hacen seguimiento pasivo.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: This clinical case described the aesthetic treatment of a patient complaining about the aspect of their upper teeth. After anamnesis and clinical examination, the association of tooth whitening photoactivated by violet LED and resin composite restorations was indicated. Prior to restorative treatment, three bleaching sessions were performed with low concentration hydrogen peroxide (6 %; Nano white flex) for 30 minutes. During this period, violet LED irradiation was intercalating performed every 1 minute, totalizing 15 minutes. Ten days after the final bleaching session, old restorations in the upper lateral incisors were removed for better color selection of resin composites. Then, all upper anterior teeth were directly restored with nanofilled resin composite (Filtek Z350XT), reestablishing anatomy, form, and function. At the end of the treatment, the association of techniques proved to be cost-effective, restoring the esthetics satisfactorily and promoting the patient's well-being by a minimally invasive approach.
RESUMEN: En este reporte de caso se describió el tratamiento para una paciente que se quejaba del aspecto de sus dientes superiores. Tras anamnesis y exploración clínica, se indicó la asociación de blanqueamiento dental fotoactivado por LED violeta y restauraciones de resina compuesta. Antes del tratamiento restaurador, se realizaron tres sesiones de blanqueamiento con peróxido de hidrógeno de baja concentración (6 %; Nano white flex) durante 30 minutos. Durante este período, la irradiación con LED violeta se intercalaba cada 1 minuto, totalizando 15 minutos. Diez días después de la última sesión de blanqueamiento, se retiraron las restauraciones antiguas de los incisivos laterales superiores para una mejor selección del color de la resina compuesta. Luego, todos los dientes anteriores superiores fueron restaurados de manera directa con resina de nanorrelleno (Filtek Z350XT), restableciendo la anatomía, forma y función. Al final del tratamiento, la asociación de las técnicas resultó beneficioso, restaurando la estética de forma satisfactoria y promoviendo el bienestar de la paciente mediante un abordaje mínimamente invasivo.
ABSTRACT
Recent literature has shown how the HIV architecture, including community systems, has been critical for fighting COVID-19 in many countries, while sustaining the HIV response. Innovative initiatives suggest that fostering the integration of health services would help address the colliding pandemics. However, there are few documented real-life examples of community mobilisation strategies responding to COVID-19 and HIV. The African Union and Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) launched the Partnership to Accelerate COVID-19 Testing (PACT) in june 2020 with the goal of training and deploying one million community health workers across the continent. UNAIDS partnered with Africa CDC to implement the PACT initiative in seven countries, i.e. Algeria, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Madagascar, Malawi and Namibia. The initiative engaged networks of people living with HIV and community-led organisations to support two of its pillars, test and trace, and the sensitisation to protective measures against COVID-19 for the most vulnerable populations. It later expanded to improve access to COVID-19 vaccines. Based on the assessment of country projects, this article explains how PACT activities implemented by communities contributed to mitigating COVID-19 and HIV among vulnerable and marginalised groups. This article contributes to a better understanding of the impact of a community-based approach in responding effectively to emerging health threats and provides lessons from integrated COVID-19 and HIV community-led responses.