ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Fundamento: las hemopatías malignas día a día aumentan su incidencia y proliferación dentro de la población, entre ellas el síndrome linfoproliferativo ocupa un lugar importante, es un grupo de trastornos de origen clonal, que afecta a las células linfoides, con características heterogéneas desde el punto de vista clínico, histológico y molecular. Objetivo: agrupar diferentes criterios diagnósticos y divulgar nuevas opciones terapéuticas para los pacientes con diagnóstico de linfoma no Hodgkin. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las plataformas de acceso a bases de datos de la red de información de salud cubana Infomed, dentro de ellas en EBSCOhost, PubMed/Medline y SciELO. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: síndromes linfoproliferativos, linfomas, linfoma no Hodgkin. Resultados: se aborda la evolución histórica de los síndromes linfoproliferativos desde su descripción inicial hasta el momento actual, así como las diferentes clasificaciones, los tratamientos convencionales utilizados y una panorámica de las investigaciones que se realizan en busca de nuevos tratamientos. Conclusiones: la clasificación de los linfomas no Hodgkin ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo, la extensión de la enfermedad tiene un papel fundamental en la selección del tratamiento y posible sobrevida del paciente. Existe una amplia variedad de prometedores agentes en desarrollo disponibles para el tratamiento del linfoma folicular.
ABSTRACT Background: malignant haemopathies increase their incidence and proliferation within the population, among them the lymphoproliferative syndrome occupies an important place, it is a group of disorders of clonal origin, which affects the lymphoid cells, with heterogeneous characteristics from the point of clinical, histological and molecular view. Objective: to group different diagnostic criteria and to disclose new therapeutic options for patients diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Methods: a bibliographic search was carried out in the access platforms to databases of the Infomed Cuban health information network, within them in EBSCOhost, PubMed / Medline and SciELO. The following descriptors were used: lymphoproliferative syndromes, lymphomas, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Results: the historical evolution of the lymphoproliferative syndromes is addressed from its initial description to the present time, as well as the different classifications, the conventional treatments used and an overview of the research carried out in search of new treatments. Conclusions: the classification of non-Hodgkin lymphomas has changed over time; the extent of the disease has a fundamental role in the selection of treatment and possible survival of the patient. There is a wide variety of promising developing agents available for the treatment of follicular lymphoma.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate CT and 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography/CT findings of primary endobronchial marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2006 through April 2012, seven patients (six female, one male; age range, 21-61 years; mean age, 49 years) were examined who were pathologically diagnosed with the primary endobronchial marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of BALT. We evaluated the locations and characteristics of the lesions on CT and 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans. The lesions were classified into the following three patterns: 1) solitary intraluminal nodule; 2) several tiny nodular protrusions; and 3) diffuse wall thickening. RESULTS: A solitary intraluminal nodule was observed in four patients (57.1%), several tiny nodular protrusion in two patients (28.6%), and diffuse wall thickening in one patient (14.3%). The lesions were categorized into 3 major locations: confined to the trachea (n = 3), confined to the lobar bronchus (n = 2), and diffuse involvement of the trachea and both main bronchi (n = 2). All lesions demonstrated homogeneous iso-attenuation as compared with muscle on pre- and post-enhancement scans. Secondary findings in the lungs (n = 3; 42.9%) included postobstructive lobar atelectasis (n = 1), air trapping (n = 1), and pneumonia (n = 1). On 18F-FDG-PET/CT (n = 5), 4 lesions showed homogeneous uptake with maximum standardized uptake values (mSUV), ranging 2.3-5.7 (mean mSUV: 3.3). One lesion showed little FDG uptake. CONCLUSION: Primary endobronchial marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the BALT manifests as three distinct patterns on CT, with the solitary intraluminal nodule presenting as the main pattern. Most lesions demonstrate homogeneous but weak FDG uptake on 18F-FDG-PET/CT.