ABSTRACT
A pesquisa busca técnicas alternativas para expansão da vida de prateleira dos alimentos, isto tem impulsionado estudos sobre a utilização de conservantes naturais, tais como as bacteriocinas e óleos essenciais, que são considerados agentes antimicrobianos naturais. No entanto estes antimicrobianos naturais, não são adicionados diretamente em produtos alimentícios, devido a alterações sensoriais e em suas características físico e química. Com avanço tecnológico da microencapsulação, tem sido um potencial em fornecer sistemas que garantem estabilidade para os antimicrobianos naturais desta forma podendo compor a matriz de alimentos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi microencapsular a enterocina produzida por Enterococcus durans MF5 e óleo de orégano usando leitelho. Para a microencapsulação, foram realizados três tratamentos: T1 controle leitelho, T2 leitelho/enterocina (LE), e T3 leitelho/enterocina/óleo (LEO). O material foi submetido ao processo de spray dryer e foram realizados ensaios para determinar a atividade antimicrobiana do material encapsulado contra as bactérias Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua e Listeria ivanovi. O rendimento da microencapsulação foi de 13,01% e 11,63% para LE e LEO, respectivamente. Os resultados apresentados nos microencapsulados LE e LEO mostraram inibição contra todas as bactérias teste, foi constatado que a microencapsulação de enterocina e óleo de orégano mantiveram seu poder antimicrobiano. A efetividade da microencapsulação foi realizada por (FTIR), onde picos de intensidade entre as amostras na região 1000 a 930 cm-¹ e 1800 a 1500 cm-¹ foram observadas. Os resultados apontam para mudança no perfil químico das amostras encapsuladas, corroborando com a hipótese que o leitelho apresentou papel encapsulante da bactericiona e óleo de orégano.Portanto a microencapsulação aumenta a eficácia antimicrobiana dos antimicrobianos.
The research seeks alternative techniques for expanding the shelf life of foods, this has driven studies on the use of natural preservatives, such as bacteriocins and essential oils, which are considered natural antimicrobial agents. However, these natural antimicrobials are not directly added to food products due to sensory changes and their physical and chemical characteristics. With technological advancement of microencap- sulation, it has been a potential to provide systems that ensure stability for natural anti- microbials in this way can compose the food matrix. Therefore, this study has an objective microencapsulated the interocin and essencial oil, used buttermilk as a encapsulating ma- terial where, T1 Buttermilk Control, T2 buttermilk/enterocin (LE), e T3 Buttermilk/en- terocin/oil (LEO). The product has been submitted to spray drier process, were conducted trials to determine antimicrobial activity. Was observed with mass yield 13,01% e 11,63% para LE e LEO. These results the microencapsulate indicate then LE e LEO there was inihibiton against bacteria tests. Was observed that the microencapsulated between enter- ocin and essential oil oregano maintained antimicrobial power. The effectiveness of the microencapsulated was performed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, where a sample in the region 1000 to 930 cm-¹ and 1800 to 1500 cm-¹ was observed. Therefore microencapsulation increases antimicrobial efficacy of antimicrobials.
La investigación busca técnicas alternativas para ampliar la vida útil de los alimentos, esto ha impulsado estudios sobre el uso de conservantes naturales, como las bacteriocinas y los aceites esenciales, que se consideran agentes antimicrobianos naturales. Sin embargo, estos antimicrobianos naturales no se añaden directamente a los productos alimentarios debido a los cambios sensoriales y a sus características físicas y químicas. Con el avance tecnológico de la microencapsulación, ha sido un potencial para proporcionar sistemas que garanticen la estabilidad de los antimicrobianos naturales de esta manera puede componer la matriz alimentaria. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo microencapsular la interocina y el aceite esencial, utilizando suero de leche como material encapsulante donde, T1 Suero de leche Control, T2 Suero de leche/enterocina (LE), e T3 Suero de leche/enterocina/aceite (LEO). El producto ha sido sometido al proceso de secado por pulverización, se realizaron ensayos para determinar la actividad antimicrobiana. Se observó con rendimiento de masa 13,01% e 11,63% para LE e LEO. Estos resultados indican que el microencapsulado LE e LEO fue inhibido contra las pruebas bacterianas. Se observó que el microencapsulado entre enterocina y aceite esencial de orégano mantuvo el poder antimicrobiano. La eficacia del microencapsulado fue realizada por análisis de infrarrojo transformado de Fourier (FTIR), donde fue observada una muestra en la región de 1000 a 930 cm-¹ y de 1800 a 1500 cm-¹. Por lo tanto, la microencapsulación aumenta la eficacia antimicrobiana de los antimicrobianos. PALABRAS CLAVE: Bacteriocina; Enterococcus durans; Suero de Leche; Origanum vulgare; Spray Dryer.
Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile , Origanum , Drug Compounding , Buttermilk , Bacteriocins , Butter , Enterococcus , Spray Drying , Listeria monocytogenes , Anti-Infective AgentsABSTRACT
A pesquisa busca técnicas alternativas para expansão da vida de prateleira dos alimentos, isto tem impulsionado estudos sobre a utilização de conservantes naturais, tais como as bacteriocinas e óleos essenciais, que são considerados agentes antimicrobianos naturais. No entanto estes antimicrobianos naturais, não são adicionados diretamente em produtos alimentícios, devido a alterações sensoriais e em suas características físico e química. Com avanço tecnológico da microencapsulação, tem sido um potencial em fornecer sistemas que garantem estabilidade para os antimicrobianos naturais desta forma podendo compor a matriz de alimentos. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi microencapsular a enterocina produzida por Enterococcus durans MF5 e óleo de orégano usando leitelho. Para a microencapsulação, foram realizados três tratamentos: T1 controle leitelho, T2 leitelho/enterocina (LE), e T3 leitelho/enterocina/óleo (LEO). O material foi submetido ao processo de spray dryer e foram realizados ensaios para determinar a atividade antimicrobiana do material encapsulado contra as bactérias Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua e Listeria ivanovi. O rendimento da microencapsulação foi de 13,01% e 11,63% para LE e LEO, respectivamente. Os resultados apresentados nos microencapsulados LE e LEO mostraram inibição contra todas as bactérias teste, foi constatado que a microencapsulação de enterocina e óleo de orégano mantiveram seu poder antimicrobiano. A efetividade da microencapsulação foi realizada por (FTIR), onde picos de intensidade entre as amostras na região 1000 a 930 cm-¹ e 1800 a 1500 cm-¹ foram observadas. Os resultados apontam para mudança no perfil químico das amostras encapsuladas, corroborando com a hipótese que o leitelho apresentou papel encapsulante da bactericiona e óleo de orégano.Portanto a microencapsulação aumenta a eficácia antimicrobiana dos antimicrobianos.
The research seeks alternative techniques for expanding the shelf life of foods, this has driven studies on the use of natural preservatives, such as bacteriocins and essential oils, which are considered natural antimicrobial agents. However, these natural antimicrobials are not directly added to food products due to sensory changes and their physical and chemical characteristics. With technological advancement of microencap- sulation, it has been a potential to provide systems that ensure stability for natural anti- microbials in this way can compose the food matrix. Therefore, this study has an objective microencapsulated the interocin and essencial oil, used buttermilk as a encapsulating ma- terial where, T1 Buttermilk Control, T2 buttermilk/enterocin (LE), e T3 Buttermilk/en- terocin/oil (LEO). The product has been submitted to spray drier process, were conducted trials to determine antimicrobial activity. Was observed with mass yield 13,01% e 11,63% para LE e LEO. These results the microencapsulate indicate then LE e LEO there was inihibiton against bacteria tests. Was observed that the microencapsulated between enter- ocin and essential oil oregano maintained antimicrobial power. The effectiveness of the microencapsulated was performed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, where a sample in the region 1000 to 930 cm-¹ and 1800 to 1500 cm-¹ was observed. Therefore microencapsulation increases antimicrobial efficacy of antimicrobials.
La investigación busca técnicas alternativas para ampliar la vida útil de los alimentos, esto ha impulsado estudios sobre el uso de conservantes naturales, como las bacteriocinas y los aceites esenciales, que se consideran agentes antimicrobianos naturales. Sin embargo, estos antimicrobianos naturales no se añaden directamente a los productos alimentarios debido a los cambios sensoriales y a sus características físicas y químicas. Con el avance tecnológico de la microencapsulación, ha sido un potencial para proporcionar sistemas que garanticen la estabilidad de los antimicrobianos naturales de esta manera puede componer la matriz alimentaria. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo microencapsular la interocina y el aceite esencial, utilizando suero de leche como material encapsulante donde, T1 Suero de leche Control, T2 Suero de leche/enterocina (LE), e T3 Suero de leche/enterocina/aceite (LEO). El producto ha sido sometido al proceso de secado por pulverización, se realizaron ensayos para determinar la actividad antimicrobiana. Se observó con rendimiento de masa 13,01% e 11,63% para LE e LEO. Estos resultados indican que el microencapsulado LE e LEO fue inhibido contra las pruebas bacterianas. Se observó que el microencapsulado entre enterocina y aceite esencial de orégano mantuvo el poder antimicrobiano. La eficacia del microencapsulado fue realizada por análisis de infrarrojo transformado de Fourier (FTIR), donde fue observada una muestra en la región de 1000 a 930 cm-¹ y de 1800 a 1500 cm-¹. Por lo tanto, la microencapsulación aumenta la eficacia antimicrobiana de los antimicrobianos. PALABRAS CLAVE: Bacteriocina; Enterococcus durans; Suero de Leche; Origanum vulgare; Spray Dryer.
Subject(s)
Origanum , Drug Compounding/instrumentation , Buttermilk , Bacteriocins/analysis , Oils, Volatile/analysis , Clinical Trials as Topic/methods , Enterococcus , Food Preservatives/analysis , Spray Drying , Listeria , Anti-Infective Agents/analysisABSTRACT
tuberculose é uma das doenças infectocontagiosas de maior importância no Brasil e no mundo. Afeta de forma importante populações em situação de vulnerabilidade social e econômica. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento do número de casos notificados de tuberculose no Brasil nos últimos 10 anos (2011 a 2021), avaliar os fatores que afetam a transmissão, bem como discutir o tratamento padrão e com fitoterápicos. O levantamento epidemiológico dos casos de tuberculose no Brasil de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2021 foi realizado dentre os notificados pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Os resultados indicaram um aumento linear de casos a partir de 2017 com 90.776 casos diagnosticados, em 2018 (94.720) e 2019 (96.655). Acredita-se que o aumento linear da tuberculose neste período pode estar relacionado principalmente com o aumento da pobreza, contudo o compartilhamento de utensílios durante o uso de narguilé podem representar fatores de risco para tuberculose. Seis plantas medicinais afetam diretamente as micobactérias (Chenopodium ambrosioides, Tetradenia riparia, Physalis angulata, Origanum vulgare, Eucalyptus globulus, Mikania glomerata) e cinco plantas com atividade antibacteriana auxiliam no trato respiratório (Nasturtium officinale, Allium sativum, Schinus terebinthifolius, Adiantum capillus-veneris, Allium cepa). Contudo, a tuberculose é uma doença reemergente sendo necessária a adoção de políticas públicas que intensifiquem e implementem medidas sócio-educativas para a implantação do uso de fitoterápicos como medida complementar.
Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases in Brazil and worldwide. It significantly affects populations in situations of social and economic vulnerability. This study aimed to survey the number of reported tuberculosis cases in Brazil in the last 10 years (2011 to 2021) to assess the factors that affect the transmission and discuss standard and herbal treatments. The epidemiological survey of tuberculosis cases in Brazil from January 2011 to December 2021 was carried out among those notified by the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). The results indicated a linear increase in cases from 2017, with 90,776 diagnosed cases, in 2018 (94,720) and 2019 (96,655). It is believed that the linear increase in tuberculosis in this period may be mainly related to the increase in poverty. However, the sharing of utensils during the use of hookah may represent risk factors for tuberculosis. Six medicinal plants directly affect mycobacteria (Chenopodium ambrosioides, Tetradenia riparia, Physalis angulata, Origanum vulgare, Eucalyptus globulus, Mikania glomerata), and five plants with antibacterial activity help in the respiratory tract (Nasturtium officinale, Allium sativum, Schinus terebinthifolius, Adiantum capillus-veneris, Allium cepa). However, tuberculosis is a re-emerging disease, and it is necessary to adopt public policies that intensify and implement socio-educational measures for using herbal medicines as a complementary measure.
La tuberculosis es una de las enfermedades infecciosas más importantes en Brasil y en el mundo. Afecta significativamente a las poblaciones en situación de vulnerabilidad social y económica. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una encuesta sobre el número de casos notificados de tuberculosis en Brasil en los últimos 10 años (2011 a 2021), para evaluar los factores que afectan a la transmisión, así como para discutir el tratamiento estándar y con fitoterapias. La encuesta epidemiológica de los casos de tuberculosis en Brasil desde enero de 2011 hasta diciembre de 2021 se realizó entre los notificados por el Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Los resultados indicaron un aumento lineal de casos desde 2017 con 90.776 casos diagnosticados, en 2018 (94.720) y 2019 (96.655). Se cree que el aumento lineal de la tuberculosis en este periodo puede estar relacionado principalmente con el aumento de la pobreza, aunque el hecho de compartir los utensilios durante el uso de la shisha puede representar factores de riesgo para la tuberculosis. Seis plantas medicinales afectan directamente a las micobacterias (Chenopodium ambrosioides, Tetradenia riparia, Physalis angulata, Origanum vulgare, Eucalyptus globulus, Mikania glomerata) y cinco plantas con actividad antibacteriana ayudan a las vías respiratorias (Nasturtium officinale, Allium sativum, Schinus terebinthifolius, Adiantum capillus-veneris, Allium cepa). Sin embargo, la tuberculosis es una enfermedad reemergente siendo necesaria la adopción de políticas públicas que intensifiquen e implementen medidas socioeducativas para la implementación del uso de fitoterápicos como medida complementaria.
Subject(s)
Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Epidemiology/statistics & numerical data , Communicable Diseases/drug therapy , Chenopodium ambrosioides , Phytotherapy , MycobacteriumABSTRACT
Introducción: Las infecciones recurrentes en el sistema de conductos radiculares son atribuidas principalmente a la presencia de especies como Enterococcus faecalis, lo que hace necesario el estudio de sustancias alternativas al hipoclorito de sodio que puedan ser empleadas como irrigantes de los conductos y mejorar la tasa de éxito de tratamiento. Objetivo: Identificar la composición química del aceite esencial de Origanum vulgare L. (orégano) y evaluar su actividad antibacateriana frente a E. Faecalis ATCC 29212. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio experimental in vitro. El Origanum vulgare L. se recolectó en la provincia de Tarata, Tacna, Perú. El aceite esencial se obtuvo por método de arrastre de vapor y una muestra fue sometida a cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas en un equipo cromatográfico QP2010 (Ultra Shimazu) equipado con una columna DB-5 MS para identificar sus constituyentes. La actividad antibacteriana del aceite esencial se evaluó a través del método de difusión de disco en agar cerebro-corazón con concentraciones desde 2,261 a 27,132 mg/µL. El cálculo de las repeticiones se realizó con el programa EPi infoTM. Adicionalmente, se identificó la concentración mínima inhibitoria y la concentración mínima bactericida del aceite esencial. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo de los datos y se aplicó la prueba ANOVA de un factor para comparar los valores medios de los halos de inhibición de las distintas concentraciones. Se adoptó un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Resultados: Se identificaron 20 constituyentes, siendo los principales compuestos alpha.-pinene (24,44 por ciento) y 1,6-Ocatien-3-ol,3,7,7dimethyl (12,52 por ciento). E. Faecalis fue muy sensible (++) y extremadamente sensible (+++) a concentraciones mayores a 15,827 mg/µL del aceite esencial de Origanum vulgare L. Todas las concentraciones inhibieron el crecimiento bacteriano, mientras que las concentraciones mayores de 14,018 mg/µL fueron bactericidas. Conclusiones: Los principales constituyentes del aceite esencial de Origanum vulgare L. fueron .alpha.-Pinene y Cis-.beta.-Terpineol. Además, se demostró un importante efecto antibacteriano frente a Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212(AU)
Introduction: Recurrent infections in the root canal system are mainly attributed to the presence of species such as Enterococcus faecalis. It is therefore necessary to study substances other than sodium hypochlorite which may be used as irrigants for the canals, thus improving the success rate of the treatment. Objective: Identify the chemical composition of essential oil from Origanum vulgare L. (oregano) and evaluate its antibacterial activity against E. faecalis ATCC 29212. Methods: An in vitro experimental study was conducted. Origanum vulgare L. was collected from the province of Tarata, Tacna, Peru. The essential oil was obtained by steam entrainment, and a sample was subjected to gas chromatography / mass spectrometry in a QP2010 chromatograph (Ultra Shimadzu) equipped with a DB-5 MS column to identify its constituents. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated by the brain heart agar disk diffusion method at concentrations ranging from 2 261 to 27 132 mg/µl. The software EPi InfoTM was used to estimate the repetitions. Additionally, identification was performed of the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of the essential oil. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis and one-factor ANOVA was performed to compare the mean values of inhibition haloes at the different concentrations. A significance level of p < 0.05 was established. Results: Twenty constituents were identified. The main compounds were .alpha.-pinene (24.44 percent) and 1,6-Ocatien-3-ol,3,7,7dimethyl (12.52 percent). E. Faecalis was very sensitive (++) and extremely sensitive (+++) to concentrations above 15 827 mg/µl of the essential oil of Origanum vulgare L. All the concentrations inhibited bacterial growth, and concentrations above 14 018 mg/µl were bactericidal. Conclusions: The main constituents of the essential oil of Origanum vulgare L. were .alpha.-pinene and cis-.beta.-terpineol. Additionally, the essential oil was shown to display considerable antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Oils, Volatile , Enterococcus faecalis , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Sodium Hypochlorite , Software , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Analysis of VarianceABSTRACT
@#Among strategies for decreasing diseases, the use of larvicidal plant extracts against mosquito larvae gain an important place in vector control. The aim of the present study was to reveal the insecticidal effectiveness of an endemic medicinal plant on Mosquito-Borne Diseases. The chemical composition of the dried aerial part from Origanum floribundum Essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) system. The potential larvicidal activity of this extract as bioinsecticide was assessed against Culex pipiens. Results showed many functional groups such as phenols and alcohols, besides, the chemical composition by GC-MS identified thymol (86.9%) and p-Cymene (5.1%) as major components. A significant larvicidal effect against the target mosquito species was noted, with values of LC50 at 21.19 mg/l and LC90 at 68.37 mg/l. The results obtained showed that the essential oil of Origanum floribundum with chemotype thymol possess a potent larvicidal activity and could be considered as an eco-friendly alternative for vector control.
ABSTRACT
The oral cavity is an ecosystem that provides ideal conditions for the growth of bacteria, the Streptococcus genus is important for the formation of biofilms that lead to the development of dental caries, which affects the population worldwide. The world health organization encourages the use of plants thanks to its various therapeutic actions. Origanum vulgare L. (oregano), is an aromatic plant with medicinal and culinary properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the ethanolic extract of oregano, against the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC. Leaves of the plant were obtained and the ethanolic extract was made by maceration. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer method and compared with 2% chlorhexidine, subsequently the extract was incorporated into a hydrogel and its effect on biofilm formation was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and the main compounds were identified. present in the extratco. The study revealed that the extract presented antimicrobial effect against both strains and at 2% it showed high antimicrobial action compared to chlorhexidine at the same concentration, with average inhibition halos of 26.3 mm and 19 mm for each microorganism analyzed, (p < 0.05). Likewise, the hydrogel prepared with 2% extract significantly eliminated the preformed Streptococcus biofilm, at 24 hours of exposure, due to the presence of a variety of chemical groups, such as sterols, triterpenes, flavonoids, flavanones, flavanonol s, lactones. sesquiterpenic, tannins and coumarins. The oregano extract presented high antimicrobial action for both species, with a greater effect towards Streptococcus mutans and an interesting antibiofilm action; These results show the importance of exploring treatment alternatives of plant origin, to be considered as interesting complementary aids in dental therapy.
La cavidad oral es un ecosistema que proporciona condiciones ideales para el crecimiento de bacterias, el género Streptococcus es importante para la formación de biopelículas que conducen al desarrollo de caries dental, que afecta a la población a nivel mundial. La organización mundial de la salud, fomenta el uso de plantas gracias a sus diversas acciones terapéuticas. Origanum vulgare L. (orégano), es una planta aromática con propiedades medicinales y culinarias. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la actividad antimicrobiana y antibiofilm in vitro del extracto etanólico de oregano, contra el crecimiento de Streptococcus mutans y Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC. Se obtuvierón hojas de la planta y se realizó el extracto etanólico mediante maceración. La actividad antimicrobiana se evaluó mediante el método de Kirby-Bauer y se comparó con la clorhexidina al 2 %, posteriormente se incorporó el extracto en un hydrogel y se valoró su efecto sobre la formación del biofilm mediante microscopía de fluorescencia y se identificó los principales compuestos presentes en el extratco. El estudio reveló que el extracto presentó efecto antimicrobiano contra ambas cepas y al 2 % mostró alta acción antimicrobiana en comparación con la clorhexidina a la misma concentración, con halos de inhibición promedio de 26.3 mm y de 19 mm para cada microorganismo analizado, (p < 0.05). Así mismo, el hidrogel preparado con extracto al 2 %, eliminó significativamente la biopelícula preformada de Streptococcus, a las 24 horas de exposición, debido a la presencia de una variedad de grupos químicos, como esteroles, triterpenos, flavonoides, flavanonas, flavanonoles, lactonas sesquiterpénicas, taninos y cumarinas. El extracto de orégano presentó alta acción antimicrobiana para ambas especies, con mayor efecto hacia el Streptococcus mutans y una acción antibiofilm interesante; estos resultados muestran la importancia de explorar en alternativas de tratamiento de origen vegetal, para considerarse como auxiliares complementarios interesantes en la terapia dental.
Subject(s)
Humans , Streptococcal Infections , Streptococcus mutans , Streptococcus sobrinus , Origanum/chemistry , Plant Extracts , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Chromatography , Biofilms/drug effects , Hydrogels , Dental Plaque/drug therapy , Dental Plaque/chemistry , Phytochemicals , Phytotherapy , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistryABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la actividad antioxidante del extracto hidroalcohólico de Origanum vulgare a través de 03 métodos de ensayo DPPH, ABTS y FRAP. Material y métodos: La muestra recolectada de Origanum vulgare se secó, redujo el tamaño y se colocó a macerar 500 gramos de muestra seca en 1000 mL de etanol 97% durante una semana. Pasado el tiempo se procedió a filtrar el macerado y se concentró en estufa. Se procedió a realizar las formulaciones. Estas diluciones, se sometieron a los análisis antioxidantes. Resultados: Método DPPH, el gel al 25% mostró un IC50 de 98,485 mg/mL equivalente a la dilución del 78,789% y para el caso del estándar Trolox® presentó un IC50 de 2,48 µg/mL. Método ABTS, la formulación de gel al 25% presentó un IC50 de 3,687 mg/mL equivalente a una dilución de 77,75% y para el estándar Trolox® presentó un IC50 de 2,99 µg/mL, a diferencia de las otras formulaciones. Se evidenció relación entre el porcentaje de inhibición y concentración de las muestras con una correlación aceptada (R2) para geles al 25%, 50%, 75% de extracto de Origanum vulgare y Trolox® de 0,9972; 0,9987 y 0,9986 respectivamente. Método FRAP, observó acción rápida durante los 4 minutos, siendo 125 mg de extracto contenido en el gel de 25% equivalente a 4mg de Trolox®. Conclusiones: Se determinó la actividad antioxidante equivalente al Trolox®, mediante análisis antioxidante, con mejor poder de captación de radical libre promedio (Trolox/mg) de extracto y estuvo presente en el gel a base de Extracto de Origanum vulgare al 25%.
SUMMARY Objective: To determine the antioxidant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Origanum vulgare through DPPH, ABTS and FRAP essays. Material and Methods: The sample collected from Origanum vulgare was dried, reduced in size and placed to macerate 500 grams of dry sample in 1000 mL of 97% ethanol for one week. After time, the macerate was processed through a filter and concentrated in an oven. The formulations were carried out and the dilutions were analyzed with the antioxidant essays. Results : DPPH Method, the 25% gel showed an IC50 of 98.485 mg / mL equivalent to the dilution of 78.789% and for the Trolox® standard, it presented IC50 of 2.48 µg / mL. ABTS Method, the 25% gel formulation presented IC50 of 3.687 mg / mL equivalent to a dilution of 77.75% and for the Trolox® standard it presented IC50 of 2.99 µg / mL, a difference from the other formulations. The results evidenced a relation between the percentage of inhibition and concentration of the samples with an accepted correlation (R2) for the gels at 25%, 50%, 75% of extract of Origanum vulgare and Trolox® of 0.9972; 0.9987 and 0.9986 respectively. FRAP Method, with fast action during the 4 minutes, being 125 mg of extract contained in the gel 25% equivalent to 4mg of Trolox®. Conclusions: It was determined that the antioxidant activity equivalent to Trolox®, with antioxidant assays, with the best average free radical uptake power (Trolox / mg) of extract was present in the gel of Extract of Origanum vulgare 25%.
ABSTRACT
@#Avian coccidiosis, an important protozoal disease of chicken triggered by coccidian protozoa of genus Eimeria, causes considerable economic losses to broiler producers. The study was designed to assess the efficiency of Origanum majoranum aqueous extract (OMAE) on E. tenella-infected broiler chicken. Birds were divided into four groups including: positive control (PC, challenged with 5×104 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella at the 12th day of age), PC+OMAE (challenged with E. tenella oocysts at the 12th day of age and received OMAE (125 mg/kg BW) orally, started at the 7th day of age, and continued for 14 consecutive days), OMAE (received OMAE (125 mg/kg BW) orally, at the 7th day of age, for 14 consecutive days), and negative control (received basal diet only). Anticoccidial efficacy of OMAE was evaluated by complete blood picture, serum chemistry, serum protein electrophoresis, antioxidants markers, cecal oocysts count, and cecal lesions score. Briefly, collected data indicated that supplementation of OMAE could increase antioxidants concentrations and improve changes in hematobiochemical parameters and serum protein fractions, as well as decrease cecal oocysts count and reduce cecal lesion scores in E. tenella-infected birds. In conclusion, OMAE restores oxidant-antioxidant balance, and its supplementation in broiler chicken can alleviate E. tenella-infection and reduce its severity.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the hepatorenoprotective effects of Origanum vulgare L. against finasteride-induced oxidative injury in the liver and kidney of mice. Methods: Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) analysis was utilized to yield a fingerprint of Origanum vulgare polyphenolic constituents. Thirty BALB/c mice received 0.5 mL/day distilled water, finasteride (25 mg/kg/day for 10 d), and 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day finasteride + Origanum vulgare extract with 6 mice per group for five weeks. On day 36, liver and kidney function as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) cytokines were measured. The total antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde levels as well as the activities of NO synthase and catalase were also evaluated. Histopathological study was conducted to assess the effect of Origanum vulgare extract on finasteride-induced renal and hepatic toxicities. Results: Twenty-five major polyphenolic compounds were identified in the Origanum vulgare extract by LC-ESI/MS. Origanum vulgare extract, especially at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day doses, significantly improved liver and kidney biochemical indices, decreased inflammatory cytokines, increased total antioxidant status and NO synthase and catalase activities, as well as decreased plasma NO and malondialdehyde levels in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the finasteride group. Histopathological results further confirmed the protective effect of Origanum vulgare extract. Conclusions: Origanum vulgare extract ameliorates finasteride-induced hepatic and renal biochemical and histopathological alterations, and restores antioxidant/oxidant balance.
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Objective: To investigate the hepatorenoprotective effects of Origanum vulgare L. against finasteride-induced oxidative injury in the liver and kidney of mice. Methods: Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) analysis was utilized to yield a fingerprint of Origanum vulgare polyphenolic constituents. Thirty BALB/c mice received 0.5 mL/day distilled water, finasteride (25 mg/kg/day for 10 d), and 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day finasteride + Origanum vulgare extract with 6 mice per group for five weeks. On day 36, liver and kidney function as well as pro-and antiinflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) cytokines were measured. The total antioxidant status, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde levels as well as the activities of NO synthase and catalase were also evaluated. Histopathological study was conducted to assess the effect of Origanum vulgare extract on finasteride-induced renal and hepatic toxicities. Results: Twenty-five major polyphenolic compounds were identified in the Origanum vulgare extract by LC-ESI/MS. Origanum vulgare extract, especially at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day doses, significantly improved liver and kidney biochemical indices, decreased inflammatory cytokines, increased total antioxidant status and NO synthase and catalase activities, as well as decreased plasma NO and malondialdehyde levels in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the finasteride group. Histopathological results further confirmed the protective effect of Origanum vulgare extract. Conclusions: Origanum vulgare extract ameliorates finasteride-induced hepatic and renal biochemical and histopathological alterations, and restores antioxidant/oxidant balance.
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Putre Ìs oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) is a variety of oregano that grown in the Arica-Parinacota Region. Its organoleptic attributes and unique production conditions have earned it a certification with Geographical Indication (GI). However, the demands of the markets require a scientific-technological support for identification and authentication of materials. In this context, was proposed to identify Putre's oregano by phylogenetic relationships based on the use of molecular markers SSR and "DNA Barcode". The results showed that when comparing materials from different sources of Putre Ìs oregano versus information from certified germplasms and GenBank sequences, added to the analysis with nuclear genetic markers, Putre Ìs oregano corresponds to the species Origanum vulgare L. subsp virens. This precise identification will support the correct differentiation and authentication of this genotype, serving in addition to supporting the GI.
El orégano de Putre (Origanum vulgare L.) es una variedad de orégano que se cultiva en la Región de Arica y Parinacota. Sus atributos organolépticos y condiciones únicas de producción lo han hecho acreedor de una certificación con Indicación Geográfica (IG). Sin embargo, las exigencias de los mercados requieren de un respaldo científico-tecnológico de identificación y autenticación de materiales. En este contexto, se propuso identificar el orégano de Putre mediante relaciones filogenéticas a partir del uso de marcadores moleculares SSR y "DNA Barcode". Los resultados demostraron que al comparar los materiales de distintas procedencias de orégano de Putre versus la información desde germoplasmas certificados y secuencias de GenBank, sumado al análisis con marcadores genéticos nucleares, el orégano de Putre corresponde a la especie Origanum vulgare L. subsp virens. Esta identificación precisa dará soporte a la correcta diferenciación y autenticación de este genotipo, sirviendo además de apoyo a la IG.
Subject(s)
Microsatellite Repeats , Origanum/genetics , DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic , Phylogeny , ChileABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction process of thymol and carvacrol in Origanum vulgare by Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology. METHODS: On the basis of single factor experiment, taking the sum of extraction rates of thymol and carvicol as the evaluation index, Box-Behnken design was used to investigate the effects of ethanol concentration, liquid-solid ratio and medicinal powder on the extraction rate. RESULTS: The optimal extraction parameters were as follows: ethanol concentration was 80%, liquid to solid ratio was 13∶1 (mL/g), medicinal powder passing through 40 meshes was used, and the highest extraction rate was 694.80 μg•g-1, with a small deviation from the predicted value. CONCLUSION: The optimal extraction method is simple, with low cost and good predictivity, and it can provide experimental basis for further large-scale production of thymol and carvacrol in Origanum vulgare.
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@#Introduction: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidative effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of marjoram (HAEM) in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: In the experimental study, the rats were randomly divided into four groups of five rats in each and fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks as follows: One group (normal diet group) was fed with a standard diet, one group was fed with HFD, and two groups were fed with HFD and orally fed with 150 and 450 mg/kg/day HAEM. The serum samples and liver tissues were used for measuring the biochemical and oxidative parameters and histopathological studies. HFD induced hepatosteatosis in rats as evidenced by the altered liver enzymes activity, serum lipid profile and oxidative status. Results: Serum lipid profile (triglyceride, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein) in rats fed with HFD + HAEM (150 and 450 mg/kg/day) was significantly decreased. Furthermore, the evaluation of oxidative stress showed a reduction of the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and an increase in ferric-reducing anti-oxidant power. Meanwhile, liver enzyme activities declined in response to HAEM. Conclusion: Using the HAEM could be a future therapeutic agent in treating hepatosteatosis and reducing oxidative damages of HFD in the liver.
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Background: Pain is a complex experience consisting of physiological and psychological response to a noxious stimulus. Analgesics like opiates and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used for relieving pain but are associated with various unwanted side effects; therefore this study was conducted by using Origanum vulgare for their analgesic efficacy.Methods: In vivo model used was tail flick method. Origanum vulgare (84 mg/kg p.o) was administered in mice. The analgesic activity was studied by recording the reaction time after administration of the drug at frequent intervals up to 3 hours. The results were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant. Pentazocine showed statistically prolongation in the reaction time after 30 min as compared to Origanum vulgare.Results: In tail flick method, pentazocine showed statistically significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min of administration as compared to control group. However, Origanum vulgare in a dose of 84 mg/kg showed significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min of administration as compared to control group. On comparing pentazocine and Origanum vulgare, pentazocine showed highly significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min as compared to Origanum vulgare at 84 mg/kg dose.Conclusions: From the present study, it was concluded that extract of Origanum vulgare exerted analgesic activity in both the models. However, it was less potent than pentazocine. Thus, Origanum vulgare can be used in mild to moderate painful conditions.
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Background: The International Association for Study of pain, has defined pain as actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. But the burden of unwanted side effects with current regimens are high. To explore the potential of Ayurveda drugs, this study is done by using Origanum vulgare.Methods: In vivo model used-Hot plate method. Origanum vulgare (84 mg/kg p.o) was administered in mice. The analgesic activity was studied by recording the reaction time after administration of the drug at frequent intervals up to 3 hrs. The results were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. P value <0.05 was considered as significant. Pentazocine showed statistically prolongation in the reaction time after 30 min as compared to Origanum vulgare.Results: In hot plate method, pentazocine showed statistically significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min of administration as compared to control group. However, Origanum vulgare in a dose of 84 mg/kg showed significantly increase in the reaction time after 30 min of administration as compared to control group. On comparing pentazocine and Origanum vulgare, pentazocine showed highly significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min as compared to Origanum vulgare at 84 mg/kg dose.Conclusions: From the present study, it was concluded that extract of Origanum vulgare exerted analgesic activity in both the models. However, it was less potent than pentazocine. Thus, Origanum vulgare can be used in mild to moderate painful conditions.
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As especiarias são utilizadas na alimentação, conferindo sabor e conservação prolongada aos alimentos, pois apresentam propriedades antimicrobianas provenientes dos óleos essenciais de sua constituição. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana dos óleos essenciais de cravo, louro, manjericão, noz moscada e orégano frente a seis bactérias patogênicas e deteriorantes por meio da técnica de difusão em poços e determinação das Concentrações Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Bactericida Mínima (CBM). O óleo essencial de orégano evidenciou forte atividade antibacteriana (CIM 50 - 800 μg.mL-1), seguido do cravo (CIM 800 - 3200 μg.mL-1), com atividade moderada para todos os microrganismos. Os outros óleos apresentaram baixa ação (CIM 400 - 3200 μg.mL-1), não apresentando atividade sobre todos as bactérias. Desta forma os óleos essenciais de cravo e orégano apresentaram melhor atividade antibacteriana e se apresentam como promissores para a aplicação e uso em alimentos.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/analysis , Spices/microbiology , Laurus/microbiology , Myristica/microbiology , Ocimum basilicum/microbiology , Origanum/microbiology , Syzygium/microbiology , Bacteriological Techniques/methods , Oils, Volatile/analysisABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Origanum compactum essential oils collected at three phenological stages on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar-well diffusion assay. The MIC and MBC values were determined using the micro-dilution assay. The investigation of the antibacterial action was carried out by the evaluation of the effect of O. compactum essential oils on the antibacterial kinetic growth, the integrity of cell membrane and permeability of the cell membrane. The anti-quorum sensing activity was tested by the inhibition of the biofilm formation. The findings of this study showed that O. compactum essential oil has potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and B. subtilis. The lowest inhibition value against B. subtilis was obtained with O. compactum essential oil at the post-flowering stage (MIC = MBC = 0.0312% (v/v)). The antibacterial mechanisms of O. compactum essential oils are related to the disturbing of the cell mem-brane integrity and the increasing of the membrane permeability, which leads to the leakage of genetic materials (DNA and RNA). Moreover, O. compactum essential oils inhibited the formation of the biofilms, a phenotype that has been known to be quorum sensing regulated.
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SUMMARY: Origanum vulgare Linn has traditionally been used as a diuretic and antispasmodic. Therefore, we investigated the active extract of Origanum vulgare for possible andrological effect and preventive effects against testicular damage using ethylene glycol rat model of testicular damage, to rationalize its medicinal use. Male Wistar rats received lithogenic treatment comprising of 0.75 % ethylene glycol injection twice with one day interval, then in drinking water, active extract of Origanum vulgare treatment (20 mg/kg) was given for 3 weeks to prevent toxic damage including loss of body weight gain and appetite, Following oral administration of EGME, a rapid decrease in testis weight associated with testicular cell damage was observed. Origanum vulgare treatment (20 mg/kg) prevented as well as reversed toxic changes including loss of body weight gain.
RESUMEN: Origanum vulgare Linn se ha usado tradicionalmente como diurético y antiespasmódico. Por lo tanto, investigamos el extracto activo de Origanum vulgare por su posible efecto andrológico y efectos preventivos contra el daño testicular utilizando el modelo de rata de etilenglicol de daño testicular. El objetivo del estudio fue racionalizar su uso medicinal. Su utilizaron ratas Wistar macho que recibieron un tratamiento litogénico de una inyección de etilenglicol al 0,75 %, dos veces con un intervalo de un día, y luego se administró en agua potable. Se administró el extracto activo del tratamiento con Origanum vulgare (20 mg / kg) durante 3 semanas con el objetivo de prevenir el daño tóxico, la pérdida de peso corporal y el apetito. Tras la administración oral de EGME, se observó una rápida disminución del peso de los testículos asociada al daño de las células testiculares. El tratamiento con Origanum vulgare (20 mg / kg) logró prevenir y revertir las alteraciones tóxicas, incluyendo la pérdida de peso corporal.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Testis/drug effects , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Origanum/chemistry , Ethylene Glycols/toxicity , Testicular Diseases/prevention & control , Testis/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Protective AgentsABSTRACT
Antioxidantes são substâncias utilizadas para preservar alimentos por meio do retardamento da deterioração, da rancidez e descolorações decorrentes da oxidação. Os antioxidantes disponíveis incluem os sintéticos e os naturais, no entanto, devido à possibilidade de efeitos carcinogênicos e mutagênicos, cada vez mais, existe uma busca pelo uso de antioxidantes naturais. A CMS (Carne Mecanicamente Separada) origina-se do processamento da carne, sendo formado pelo dorso, pescoço e da desossa da ave após processamento da carne para formação dos cortes. A legislação brasileira recomenda no máximo até 30% de CMS na produção de hambúrgueres, demonstrando a possibilidade de seu aproveitamento em um produto de maior valor comercial. Além disso, por ser uma carne extremamente processada está mais sujeita à oxidação, o que faz com que seja necessário o uso de antioxidantes visando, principalmente, aumentar o tempo de prateleira. Dessa forma, fazem-se necessárias pesquisas avaliando o uso de antioxidantes naturais, tais como os óleos essenciais. Em pesquisa recente desenvolvida por nosso grupo de pesquisa foi avaliado a produção de hambúrgueres elaborados com CMS de aves (frangos e galinhas) e adicionado de óleo essencial de hortelã ou orégano como antioxidante em diferentes níveis (0,04; 0,06 e 0,08%) e resultados prévios demonstraram uma boa aceitabilidade no teste de preferência para qualquer um dos níveis utilizados. No entanto, os resultados da avaliação da capacidade antioxidante e análise microbiológica devem ser avaliados para se definir o melhor nível de uso dos óleos essenciais de orégano ou hortelã como antioxidante natural em produtos elaborados com CMS de aves.(AU)
Antioxidants are used to preserve food by delaying deterioration, rancidity and discoloration caused by oxidation. Antioxidants can be either synthetic or natural; however, due to the possibility of carcinogenic and mutagenic effects, there has been an increasing search for the use of natural antioxidants. Mechanically separated meat (MSM) originates from the meat processing, being formed by the back, neck and the deboning process of poultry, and the subsequent processing of the meat to form the cuts. The Brazilian legislation recommends a maximum of 30% of MSM in the production of hamburgers, demonstrating the possibility of its use in a product with greater commercial value. Moreover, since this is an extremely processed meat, it is more prone to oxidation, requiring the use of antioxidants to increase shelf life. Thus, research is needed to evaluate the use of natural antioxidants such as essential oils. In recent research developed by this research group, the production of hamburgers made with MSM from poultry and the addition of mint or oregano essential oil as antioxidant at different levels (0.04, 0.06, and 0.08%), with prior results showing good acceptability in the preference test for all the levels used. However, the antioxidant capacity assessment and microbiological analysis must be evaluated in order to determine the optimal usage level of oregano or mint essential oils as natural antioxidants in products made with poultry MSM.(AU)
Los antioxidantes son sustancias utilizadas para preservar los alimentos por medio de retraso del deterioro, de la rancidez y de las decoloraciones resultantes de la oxidación. Los antioxidantes disponibles incluyen los sintéticos y los naturales, sin embargo, debido a la posibilidad de efectos carcinogénicos y mutagénicos, cada vez más existen búsquedas por el uso de antioxidantes naturales. La CMS (carne mecánicamente separada) se origina del procesamiento de la carne, siendo formado por el dorso, el cuello y el deshuesado del ave después del procesamiento de la carne para la formación de los cortes. La legislación brasileña recomienda al máximo hasta un 30% de CMS en la producción de hamburguesas, demostrando la posibilidad de su aprovechamiento en un producto de mayor valor comercial. Además, por ser una carne extremadamente procesada está más sujeta a la oxidación, lo que hace que es necesario el uso de antioxidantes, buscando principalmente aumentar el tiempo de estantería. De esa forma, se hacen necesarias investigaciones evaluando el uso de antioxidantes naturales, tales como los aceites esenciales. En investigación reciente desarrollada por nuestro grupo de investigadores se evaluó la producción de hamburguesas elaboradas con CMS de aves (pollos y gallinas), agregado de aceite esencial de menta u orégano como antioxidante en diferentes niveles (0,04, 0,06 y 0, 08%), resultados previos demostraron una buena aceptación en la prueba de preferencia para cualquiera de los niveles utilizados. Sin embargo, los resultados de la evaluación de capacidad antioxidante y el análisis microbiológico deben ser evaluados para definir el mejor nivel de uso de los aceites esenciales de orégano o menta como antioxidante natural en productos elaborados con CMS de aves.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Meat Products/analysis , Antioxidants , Oils, Volatile , Mentha , OriganumABSTRACT
RESUMEN: El Streptococcus mutans es una de las principales bacterias que participa en el desarrollo de la caries dental, una enfermedad de alta prevalencia en la población mundial, y por ende un problema de salud pública. Hoy se intentan buscar alternativas para su prevención, una de ellas es la fitoterapia o uso de plantas medicinales con fines terapéutico beneficiosos para la salud. Evaluar efecto antibacteriano del Origanum vulgare a diferentes concentraciones sobre el crecimiento in vitro de Streptococcus mutans. Se utilizaron cepas bacterianas de Streptococcus mutans previamente aisladas, se realizó una siembra bacteriana en 24 placas Petri con agar mitis salivarius. Se prepararon infusiones de orégano a 8 concentraciones diferentes (1 %, 5 % y 10 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % y 100 %) y se aplicaron en perforaciones realizadas previamente en las placas de agar (4 perforaciones por placa para las infusiones de orégano y 2 para las placas de controles). Se llevó a incubadora por 48 horas y posteriormente se realizó la medición de los halos de inhibición. Los resultados fueron negativos para las infusiones de orégano al 1 %, 5 % y 10 %, debido a que no presentaron halos de inhibición bacteriana; mientras que para las infusiones al 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % y 100 % los resultados fueron positivos. El orégano posee efecto antibacteriano sobre el crecimiento de Streptococcus mutans en infusiones sobre el 20 % de concentración, siendo la solución madre preparada a partir de 20 gramos de hojas secas de orégano (Origanum vulgare) y 200 ml de agua destilada hervida. Este efecto es antibacteriano es directamente proporcional a la concentración de la infusión. El orégano podría ser utilizado como una alternativa de colutorio, pasta dental u otros coadyuvantes de higiene bucal para prevenir la aparición de caries.
ABSTRACT: Streptococcus mutans is one of the main bacteria in the development of dental caries, a disease with high prevalence in the world population, and therefore a public health problem. There is current research to find prevention alternatives one of these is the use of medicinal plants for therapeutic purposes beneficial to health. To evaluate the antibacterial effect of Origanum vulgare at different concentrations on in vitro growth of Streptococcus mutans, previously isolated bacterial strains of Streptococcus mutans were used. Bacterial seeding was carried out in 24 petri dishes with agar Mitis salivarius. Oregano infusions were prepared at 8 different concentrations (1 %, 5 % and 10 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 100 %) and applied in predrilled holes in the agar plates (4 perforations per plate for the oregano infusions and 2 for control plates). They were maintained in an incubator for 48 hours and measurement of the inhibition zones was subsequently carried out. The results were negative for infusions of oregano at 1 %, 5 % and 10 %, as they did not present halos of bacterial inhibition; while results were positive for infusions at 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 100 %. Results show that oregano has an antibacterial effect on the growth of Streptococcus mutans in infusion concentrations above 20 %, with the basic solution prepared from 20 g of dried oregano leaves (Origanum vulgare) and 200 ml of boiled distilled water. This antibacterial effect is directly proportional to the concentration of the infusion. Oregano could be used as an alternative mouthwash, toothpaste or other oral hygiene adjuvants to prevent the incidence of caries.