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PURPOSE@#This study aimed to investigate the possible association between psychological disorders and risky driving behavior (RDB) in Iran.@*METHODS@#This case-control study conducted in Shiraz, Iran in 2021. The case group included drivers with psychological disorders and the control group included those without any disorders. The inclusion criteria for selecting patients were: active driving at the time of the study, being 18 - 65 years old, having a driving license, having a psychological disorder including depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety spectrum disorder, or psychotic disorder spectrum confirmed by a psychiatrist, and completing an informed consent form. The exclusion criterion was the existence of conditions that interfered with answering and understanding the questions. The inclusion criteria for selecting the healthy cases were: active driving at the time of the study, being 18 - 65 years old, having a driving license, lack of any past or present history of psychiatric problems, and completing an informed consent form. The data were gathered using a researcher-made checklist and Manchester driving behavior questionnaire. First, partition around medoids method was used to extract clusters of RDB. Then, backward logistic regression was applied to investigate the association between the independent variables and the clusters of RDB.@*RESULTS@#The sample comprised of 344 (153 with psychological disorder and 191 without confirmed psychological disorder) drivers. Backward elimination logistic regression on total data revealed that share of medical expenditure ≤ 10% of total household expenditure (OR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48 - 7.24), psychological disorder (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.67 - 5.70), and substance abuse class (OR = 6.38, 95% CI: 3.55 - 11.48) were associated with high level of RDB.@*CONCLUSION@#Substance abuse, psychological illnesses, and share of medical costs from total household expenditure were found to be main predictors of RDB. Further investigations are necessary to explain the impact of different psychological illnesses on driving behavior.
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Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Automobile Driving , Iran , Case-Control Studies , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk-TakingABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is adversely affecting the mental health of patients infected with the virus and the psychological impact on recovered COVID-19 patients is unclear. Objectives The study aimed to assess posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among COVID-19 patients after recovery from the disease. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 9, 2020, to December 23, 2020. The study used a telemedicine model to enroll recovered COVID-19 patients from a database of patients provided by the health authorities. The National Stressful Events Survey PTSD Short Scale (NSESSS) for adults was used to assess PTSD symptoms and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression. Results The study enrolled 503 recovered COVID-19 patients with a mean age of 41.90 years. The majority were asymptomatic (64.6%), while 21.5% had had moderate to severe forms of the disease. Prevalence rates of PTSD symptoms and depression were 56.9 and 29% respectively. COVID-19 patients with severe forms of the disease were significantly more affected by PTSD symptoms (vs. mild, odds ratio [OR] = 18.7, 95%confidence interval [CI] 9.9-35.5) and depression (vs. mild, OR = 19.8, 95% CI 9.9-39.5). Similarly, patients who required oxygen or ventilator support reported significantly higher rates of PTSD symptoms (vs. managed at home, OR = 17.4, 95% CI 8.3-36.4) and depression (vs. managed at home, OR = 22.0, 95% CI 10.1-47.7). Conclusion This study reports that recovered COVID-19 patients suffered from a significant amount of depression and experienced significant PTSD symptoms. It will help with addressing a major psychological concern among the recovered subjects.
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The incidence of psychological stress and disorder in children after burns is high, and the mental health status highly affects the lifesaving, wound repair, and functional and psychological rehabilitation of the children. At present, the psychological disorder of burn children has not attracted enough attention and the relevant rehabilitation treatment measures also need to be standardized urgently. The Burn and Trauma Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society organized the related national experts to provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders in burn children, and the consensus is formulated. This article introduced the manifestations, common assessment scales, and key points of psychological rehabilitation therapies at different stages for the psychological stress and disorder of burn children. Effective interventions and treatments include psychological interventions, behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, play therapy, music therapy, and medication. Peer support and summer camps for burn children are also beneficial for their psychological rehabilitation and re-entering to society. In the psychological intervention and treatment for the children, the mental development level of children in different ages must be taken into consideration, and the close participation and cooperation of the parents are needed. In addition, the parents of burn children often suffer from stress response and psychological disorders. Recommended treatments for the parents are also provided in this consensus.
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Child , Humans , Burns/therapy , Consensus , Mental Disorders/therapy , Parents , Wound HealingABSTRACT
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising in recent years. The peak incidence of IBD is mostly occurred on middle and young aged people, which might influence the development of their social and psychological health. The mechanism of IBD related psychological disorder is unknown, however, several studies indicate that the intervention of gut microbiota might improve the psychological symptom and life quality of IBD patients, and reduce the recurrence rate. This article reviewed the role of gut microbiota in IBD related psychological disorder.
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Psychological disorder has a high morbidity rate among patients with cardiovascular disease. Patients with cardiovascular disease associated with depression, especially post myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndromes associated with psychological disorder, have not only a poor prognosis, but also a high mortality . Therefore, comprehensive and perfect intervention is extremely important for patients with cardiovascular disease associated with psychological disorder. The intervention for such kind patients needs an integrated disease management. It needs to consolidate the treatment of body's disease to strengthen second-level prevention of heart disease, and pay attention to the intervention for psychological disorder as well.This paper aims to provide reference for reducing the negative effects of psychological illness in patients with cardiovascular disease during clinical treatment process, and make prospects about the significance of double heart medical model, through summarizing the interaction effects of psychological factors on patients with coronary heart disease, the significance ofdouble heartnursing mode and the specific nursing measures.
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[Objective] This paper sums up professor Qi Xianghua's five psychological disorders of TCM scholar thought and clinical experience in diagnos-ing and treating insomnia. [Methods] By the pulse diagnosis, discern the five kings of psychological disorders, including irritable, anxiety, palpitation due to fright, depressed, and an medical record of professor Qi Xianghua is cited.[Results] The syndrome differentiation should be based on the five kings of psy-chological disorders.[Conclusions] Professor Qi Xianghua's five psychological disorders of TCM on treating insomnia are worth to extend and apply.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and relevant factors of psychological disorders in patients with premature ejaculation (PE). Methods From September 2009 to October 2010,we employed the Self- Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS),Chinese Index of Sexual Function for Premature Ejaculation ( CIPE-5 ),NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI),International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and self-designed questionnaire to investigate the psychological status of 1164 patients with PE.The relevance between scores of SAS,SDS and such parameters as NIH-CPSI score,CIPE-5 score,erectile function,age,disease duration,occupation,education,personality characteristics and other factors were evaluated. Results The SAS and SDS scores of 1,164 cases with PE were 43.87 ± 10.53,44.05 ±9.81,respectively.If the cut-off points were set at SAS ≥ 50 and SDS ≥53,341 (29.3％) of cases had symptoms of anxiety and 217( 18.6％ ) patients had symptoms of depression.The SAS,SDS scores and detection rate of anxiety and depression were correlated with the CIPE-5 score,NIH-CPSI score,erectile function and duration of disease,personality characteristics ( P ＜ 0.05),while they were not correlated with age,occupation,and education. Conclusions Psychological disorders widely exist in patients with PE and may have a close relationship with a variety of factors.
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Functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) is one of the commonest digestive diseases worldwide and leads to significant morbidity and burden on healthcare resource. The putative bio-psycho-social pathophysiological model for FGID underscores the importance of psychological distress in the pathogenesis of FGID. Concomitant psychological disorders, notably anxiety and depressive disorders, are strongly associated with FGID and these psychological co-morbidities correlate with severity of FGID symptoms. Early life adversity such as sexual and physical abuse is more commonly reported in patients with FGID. There is mounting evidence showing that psychological disorders are commonly associated with abnormal central processing of visceral noxious stimuli. The possible causal link between psychological disorders and FGID involves functional abnormalities in various components of the brain-gut axis, which include hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, serotonergic and endocannabinoid systems. Moreover, recent studies have also shown that psychological distress may alter the systemic and gut immunity, which is increasingly recognized as a pathophysiologic feature of FGID. Psychotropic agent, in particular antidepressant, and psychological intervention such as cognitive behavioral therapy and meditation have been reported to be effective for alleviation of gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life in FGID patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of early detection and management of co-morbid psychological disorders on the long-term clinical outcome and disease course of FGID.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aluminum Hydroxide , Anxiety , Axis, Cervical Vertebra , Carbonates , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Delivery of Health Care , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Endocannabinoids , Gastrointestinal Diseases , Irritable Bowel Syndrome , Meditation , Parasympathetic Nervous System , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the effect of self-efficacy theory in rehabilitation on stroke patients with hemiplegia complicated psychological disorder. Methods 26 cases were divided into the combined therapy group (13 cases, accepted physical therapy with self-efficacy) and the routine physical therapy group (13 cases). They were assessed with General self-efficacy scale (GSES), Fugl-Meyer Assessment before and 1, 3 months after treatment, as well as symptom checklist (SCL-90) before and 1 month after treatment. Results The scores of GSES raise 63% in the combined therapy group 1 month after treatment, obviously different from that of routine physical therapy (P<0.01).The score of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the combined therapy group were increased from (53.08±13.04) to (90.07±6.54 ) and from (56.46±12.95) to (81.77±8.51)in the routine physical therapy group (F= 85.53,P<0.05). All the scores of depression, anxiety, compulsion, hostility in SCL-90 were markedly lower in the combined therapy group than in the routine physical therapy group(P<0.01). Conclusion Utilization of self-efficacy theory in rehabilitation can improve the emotion and effect of rehabilitation.
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Objetivo: (1) Verificar a prevalência de cinco indicadores de saúde em agentes penitenciários do município de Londrina-PR e (2) explorar a associação entre os indicadores de saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em outubro de 2007. Agentes penitenciários das duas unidades prisionais do município de Londrina foram amostrados. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas face-a-face, aplicando-se um questionário padronizado e previamente testado. Os indicadores de saúde investigados foram: consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, tabagismo, sobrepeso e obesidade, distúrbios psíquicos menores e prática regular de atividades físicas no lazer. Resultados: Setenta e cinco agentes penitenciários foram entrevistados. Consumo regular de bebidas alcoólicas (71,2%) e excesso de peso corporal (53,4%) foram os indicadores de saúde mais prevalentes. Apenas um entre três agentes penitenciários (37,3%) relatou praticar atividades físicas regulares e a presença de distúrbios psíquicos menores foi observada em 21,3% dos entrevistados. Associação significativa foi verificada entre ausência de prática regular de atividades físicas e consumo de bebidas alcoólicas (p=0,03) e presença de distúrbios psíquicos menores (p=0,02). Conclusão: Agentes penitenciários do município de Londrina apresentam alta prevalência de agravos á saúde. Os achados deste estudo podem encorajar a elaboração de políticas de promoção da saúde entre agentes penitenciários e estimular a realização de outras pesquisas no crescente âmbito do sistema prisional brasileiro.
Objectives: (1) To verify the prevalence of five health indicators in prison wardens of Londrina, PR and (2) to explore the association among these indicators. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in October of 2007. Prison wardens from the two penal institutions of Londrina city were sampled. A standardized and pre-tested questionnaire was applied to individuals through face-to-face interviews. The health indicators studied were: alcoholic beverages intake, smoking, overweight and obesity, minor psychological disorders, and regular practice of leisure-time physical activities. Results: Seventy five prison wardens were interviewed. Regular intake of alcoholic beverages (71.2%) and excessive body weight (53.4%) were the most prevalent health indicators. Only one among every three prison wardens (37.3%) reported practicing physical activity regularly and the presence of minor psychological disorders was observed in 21.3% of the interviewed. A significant association was verified between no-physical activity and alcohol intake (p=0.03) and presence of minor psychological disorders (p=0.02). Conclusion: Prison wardens of the city of Londrina present high prevalence of health-related problems. The findings from this study shall encourage the development of pro-health policies among prison wardens and to estimulate further research in the context of the increasingly Brazilian penal system.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , Alcoholic Beverages/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control , Motor Activity , Psychic Symptoms , Prisons/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Study of 110 pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Hai Phong tuberculosis and lung disease Hospital, the controls was 50 health people from 6/2002 to 2/2003. 36.36% patients have change of disposition; 28.18% patients have obsessional disorder; 4.55% patients which ideology rules over behaviour. 2.73% patients have hallucination of hearing and 1.82% patiens have optical illusion. Depression rate: pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 45.55%, the controls was 14%. Easy depression 32.73%, medium depression 10.91%, heavy depression 0.91%. Anxiety disorder 36.36%
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Epidemiology , Diagnosis , Tuberculosis, PulmonaryABSTRACT
The present study was designed to explore cultural differences in the relationship between parenting behaviors and psychological adjustment of the child. Mother-son interaction behaviors of 37 Korean boys (11 with Anxiety Disorder, 10 with Externalizing Disorders and 16 Non-clinical boys) and 54 Australian boys (20 with Anxiety Disorder, 17 with Externalizing Disorders and 17 Non-clinical boys) between the ages of 7 and 15 were compared in terms of parental negativity and involvement. The results indicated that Korean mothers displayed more overall negativity and lower overall involvement than Australian mothers. Furthermore, anxiety diagnosis was associated with low maternal involvement in the Korean subjects, while in the Australian subjects, high maternal involvement was associated with clinical status in the child.
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Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Adaptation, Psychological , Anxiety Disorders/ethnology , Australia , Child Rearing , Comparative Study , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Korea , Parent-Child RelationsABSTRACT
In this article we reviewed Gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) complicated with Psychological problems and proposed the strategies for the intervention and management of FGIDs with Psychological problems,including awareness-cultivating,skill-learning,treatment and follow-up in clinical practice.
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Alcoholism and drunk is serious social and health problem. Which caused physical and psychological diseases. A study on 21 alcoholics found that perception disorder: 52.39%, thinking disorder: 42.86%, withdrawal syndrome: 71.43%, behavioral disorder: 66.67%, hepatomegaly: 17% with high SGOT, SGPT, Electrocardiogram indicated the rapid signal rhythm and myocardial malnutrition.