Analysis of the experience and procedural complications of trans-radial access versus trans-femoral access for hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatic malignancies:a retrospective study / 中华内科杂志

Objective:To analyze the differences between trans-radial access (TRA) and trans-femoral access (TFA) in hepatic arterial perfusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in terms of patient experience, postoperative complications, and patient preferences; explore whether TRA in HAIC is associated with better patient experience and compliance; and determine whether it is safer than TFA.Methods:The study was a retrospective cohort study of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases from colorectal cancer treated with HAIC. We enrolled a total of 91 patients with advanced liver malignancies treated with HAIC from November 2022 to May 2023 in the Department of Interventional Therapy and Hepatobiliary Medicine at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital. The patients were divided into three groups: group TRA ( n=20, receiving TRA HAIC only), group TFA ( n=33, receiving TFA HAIC only), and crossover group [ n=19, receiving TFA HAIC (Cross-TFA group) first, followed by TRA HAIC (Cross-TRA group)]. Meanwhile, to facilitate the expression of partial results, all patients receiving TRA HAIC were defined as the TRA-HAIC group ( n=39, TRA+Cross-TRA group), and all patients receiving TFA HAIC were defined as the TFA-HAIC group ( n=52, TFA+Cross-TFA group). The primary research index was the Quality of Life (QOL) visualization scale score. The secondary research index included approach-related and catheter-related adverse events, duration of surgery, and mean length of patient stay. We used various statistical methods such as Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher′s exact test, univariate logistic regression analysis, and multi-factor analysis. Results:TRA patients had significantly lower QOL scores than TFA patients (all P<0.001). The QOL scores of the Cross-TRA group were significantly lower than those of the Cross-TFA group (pain at the puncture site Z=-3.24, P=0.001, others P<0.001). The QOL scores of the Cross-TRA group were compared with those of the TRA group, which showed that the scores of the Cross-TRA group in overall discomfort ( Z=-3.07, P=0.002), postoperative toilet difficulty ( Z=-2.12, P=0.034), and walking difficulty ( Z=-2.58, P=0.010) were significantly lower than those of the TRA group. Satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the Cross-TRA group than in the Cross-TFA group ( Z=-3.78, P<0.001), and patients were more likely to receive TRA HAIC as the next procedure ( χ2=30.42, P<0.001). In terms of mean length of stay, patients receiving TRA HAIC had a significantly lower mean length of stay than those receiving TFA HAIC (50.1±3.2 h vs. 58.4±6.4 h, t=7.98, P<0.001). The incidence of radial artery occlusion (RAO) as an approach-related adverse event was 15.4% (6/39) in the TRA-HAIC group, which was significantly higher than that in the TFA-HAIC group (15.4% vs. 0, χ2=8.56, P=0.005). Notably, multifactorial analysis of RAO-related factors showed that intraoperative enoxaparin use and patency of radial artery flow during pressure were significantly associated with a reduced risk of postoperative RAO ( P=0.037 for enoxaparin use and P=0.049 for pressure). Conclusions:With respect to procedure approach, TRA was significantly better than TFA in terms of patient satisfaction and mean length of stay. Through further process optimization and prevention of adverse reactions, the incidence of adverse reactions can be maintained at a relatively low level, so that patients can benefit from TRA in future operations in terms of cost-effectiveness and medical efficiency.

Design and application of distal radial artery hemostat / 中华危重病急救医学

Transradial approach is the classical access for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). With the increase in the number of interventional procedures, some disadvantages of the transradial approach have also been found, it is easy to lead to various complications, such as radial artery occlusion, radial nerve injury, and puncture difficulties after radial artery spasm. Therefore, some experts put forward the approach of distal radial artery approach for interventional therapy, which has the advantages of convenient positioning, easy postoperative hemostasis, less damage to the proximal radial artery and improving patients' comfort. However, there is no special distal radial artery hemostat in clinic, which limits the development of this approach to a certain extent. Therefore, based on the principles of anatomy and physics, cardiovascular physician at Jiading District District Central Hospital in Shanghai designed and invented a distal radial artery hemostatic device, which is convenient for clinical hemostasis of distal radial artery puncture, and obtained the National Utility Model Patent (patent number: ZL 2021 2 2097829.6). The hemostatic device consists of a glove body with a silicone gasket protruding towards the skin on the inner surface and a binding component. The patient's hand is inserted into the glove body, and after being fixed by the restraint component, the silicone gasket can effectively compress the location of the radial artery puncture point, and play a good hemostatic effect with less pressure, avoid the common complications of proximal radial artery hemostatic, and reduce the discomfort of the patient. Has good application value.

Impact of Radial Artery Graft Anastomosis Strategies on Flow Characteristics and Early Patency in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting / 中国循环杂志

Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the influence of graft anastomosis strategies of radial artery on the flow characteristics and early patency in coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG). Methods:Present study enrolled 99 patients(92 males,7 females,aged[57.2±8.7]years),who underwent isolated CABG using a radial artery(RA)graft from January 2019 to December 2021 in our department.The RA was proximally anastomosed to the aorta in 79 patients(group 1)and to another graft as a composite graft in 20 patients(group 2).The intraoperative flow characteristics were evaluated with the transit time flow measurement(TTFM),and the graft patency was assessed by computed tomography coronary angiograms perioperatively and at 1year after operation respectively. Results:Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups(all P＞0.05).There was no perioperative death.Incidence of minimally invasive cardiac surgery for CABG(MICS CABG)and mean flow(MF)of RA grafts were both higher in group 2 than in group 1(all P＜0.05).Perioperative RA graft failure rate was 24.2%(n=24),which tended to be lower in group 2 than in group 1(10.0%vs.27.8%,P=0.096).CT angiography showed that RA graft failure reduced to 16.1%at one year after operation.Compared to patency group,patients with failure RA grafts perioperatively had higher pulse index(PI)and lower intraoperative MF(all P＜0.05).Patients with failure RA grafts at one year after operation had higher PI and more bypassed to the right coronary artery(RCA)target territories of RA grafts(all P＜0.05). Conclusions:RA proximal anastomosis to the aorta or to another graft dose not affect the perioperative patency in CABG.Some RA graft that failed perioperatively might recanalize at one year after operation.High intraoperative PI and bypassed to RCA of RA grafts may be predictors of graft failure at one year after operation.

Development and design of distal radial artery puncture compression hemostatic device / 中国医学装备

To research and design a new type of distal radial artery puncture compression hemostatic device,to solve the problem of distal radial artery puncture and compression hemostat that has not been clinically applied in China.The hemostatic device was mainly composed of hemostatic part,pressure regulating part,fixing part and visual window.The hemostatic device can accurately compress the puncture point,and it was convenient for medical staff to observe the wound through the visual window,find out abnormal conditions such as bleeding or hematoma in time,and take measures to deal with them,which greatly improved the hemostatic effect and comfort of the postoperative puncture point.The new hemostatic device has the advantages of reasonable design and simple clinical operation,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Topical glyceryl trinitrate to increase radial artery diameter in neonates: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial / Trinitrato de glicerilo tópico para aumentar o diâmetro da artéria radial em recém-nascidos: protocolo de estudo de um ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT Background: Newborn infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit require arterial cannulation for hemodynamic monitoring and blood sampling. Arterial access is achieved through catheterization of umbilical or peripheral arteries. Peripheral artery cannulation is performed in critically ill newborns, but artery localization and cannulation is often challenging and unsuccessful. Therefore, increasing the internal diameter and preventing vasospasm are important for successful peripheral artery cannulation in neonates. Topical glyceryl trinitrate has the potential to increase cannulation success by relaxing arterial smooth muscles and thus increasing the internal diameter. We aim to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topycal glyceryl trinitrate in increasing the diameter of the radial artery in neonates. Methods/Design: This study will be a single-center, observer-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia. A total of 60 infants born at >34 weeks of gestation who are admitted for elective surgery or medical reasons and for whom a peripheral arterial line is needed for sampling or blood pressure monitoring will be recruited after informed parental consent is obtained. The primary outcome will be the change in radial arterial diameter from baseline to postintervention. Secondary outcomes will be the absolute and percentage change from baseline in the radial arterial diameter in both limbs and safety (hypotension and methemoglobinemia). Discussion: This will be the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the use of topical glyceryl trinitrate to facilitate peripheral artery cannulation in neonates. If our pilot randomized controlled trial confirms the benefits of glyceryl trinitrate patches, it will pave the way for large multicenter randomized controlled trials in this field.

RESUMO Histórico: Os recém-nascidos internados na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal necessitam de canulação arterial para monitoramento hemodinâmico e coleta de sangue. O acesso arterial é obtido por meio de cateterização das artérias umbilicais ou periféricas. A canulação da artéria periférica é realizada em recém-nascidos em estado grave, mas a localização e a canulação da artéria são, muitas vezes, desafiadoras e sem sucesso. Assim, o aumento do diâmetro interno e a prevenção do vasoespasmo são importantes para o sucesso da canulação da artéria periférica em recém-nascidos. O trinitrato de glicerilo tópico tem o potencial de aumentar o sucesso da canulação ao relaxar a musculatura lisa arterial e, dessa forma, aumentar o diâmetro interno. Nosso objetivo é realizar um ensaio piloto controlado e randomizado para avaliar a eficácia e segurança do trinitrato de glicerilo tópico no aumento do diâmetro da artéria radial em recém-nascidos. Métodos/Desenho: Este estudo será um estudo de centro único, cego para o observador, randomizado, controlado por placebo, conduzido na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal do Perth Children's Hospital, Austrália Ocidental. Serão recrutados 60 bebês nascidos com mais de 34 semanas de gestação, internados para cirurgia eletiva ou por razões médicas e para os quais é necessária a colocação de um acesso arterial periférico para coleta de amostras ou monitoramento da pressão arterial, após a obtenção do consentimento informado dos pais. O desfecho primário será a mudança no diâmetro arterial radial basal e pós-intervenção. Os desfechos secundários serão a alteração absoluta e percentual basal no diâmetro arterial radial em ambos os membros e a segurança (hipotensão e metemoglobinemia). Discussão: Este será o primeiro estudo controlado e randomizado a avaliar o uso de trinitrato de glicerilo tópico para facilitar a canulação da artéria periférica em recém-nascidos. Se nosso estudo-piloto randomizado e controlado confirmar os benefícios dos adesivos de trinitrato de glicerilo, ele abrirá caminho para grandes estudos multicêntricos randomizados e controlados nesse campo.

Variaciones anatómicas de las arterias radial y ulnar en miembros superiores plastinados / Anatomical variations of radial and ulnar arteries in plastinated upper limbs

Los avances en el área de la salud, con el desarrollo de nuevos procedimientos diagnósticos y quirúrgicos, requieren un conocimiento cada vez más preciso de la anatomía humana. La difusión de la disposición variable de la anatomía resulta primordial no sólo en el campo de la especialización o el postgrado, sino por sobre todo, en el pregrado, desde donde se formarán los especialistas que luego desarrollarán esas nuevas prácticas clínicas y quirúrgicas que requerirán una sólida formación anatómica. Es por esto que la aplicación correcta de técnicas anatómicas en las muestras anatómicas es fundamental para que esta enseñanza en el pregrado pueda desarrollarse de manera eficiente, teniendo la plastinación un rol fundamental en este sentido. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en dar a conocer el hallazgo de variaciones anatómicas arteriales en los miembros superiores de una muestra humana sometida al proceso de plastinación para fomentar, por un lado, la importancia del conocimiento anatómico en el pregrado, el postgrado y las especialidades, como así también la relevancia de la preservación a largo plazo de material biológico para la difusión continua de la anatomía.

SUMMARY: Advances in the area of health with the development of new diagnostic and surgical procedures require an increasingly precise knowledge of human anatomy. The diffusion of the variable arrangement of anatomy is essential not only in the field of specialization or postgraduate, but above all, in the undergraduate, from where the specialists will be trained who will later develop these new clinical and surgical practices that will require a solid anatomical background. This is why the correct application of anatomical techniques in anatomical samples is essential for this undergraduate teaching to be developed efficiently, plastination having a fundamental role in this regard. The aim of this work was to report the discovery of anatomical variations in the upper limbs of a human sample subjected to the plastination process to promote, on one hand, the importance of anatomical knowledge in undergraduate, postgraduate and specialties, as well as the relevance of long- term preservation of biological material for the continued dissemination of anatomy.

Application effect evaluation of the best evidence for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial coronary angiography or intervention / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To apply the best evidence for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial coronary angiography or intervention to clinical practice and evaluate its effect.Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study. Based on the evidence continuous quality improvement model, evidence-based practice method was used to obtain the best evidence, formulated review indicators, analyzed the obstacles in the practice process and took action strategies. The 88 patients who underwent transradial coronary angiography or intervention in the Cardiology Department of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) from June 1 to 30, 2020 were selected as the baseline review group by convenience sampling. The 94 patients who underwent this treatment from September 1 to 30, 2020 were selected as the evidence application group. The baseline review group used the original perioperative management plan, and the evidence application group used the perioperative management plan based on the best evidence. The implementation rate of each review indicator, the incidence of radial artery occlusion, the degree of compression pain, and the comfort level of patients were compared between the two groups.Results:The implementation rates of review indicators 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 in the evidence application group were 100.0% (94/94), 100.0% (94/94), 11.7(11/94), 88.3% (83/94), 100.0% (94/94), 100.0%(94/94), 85.1%(80/94), respectively, which were higher than those in the baseline review group(all 0), except for the review indicator 4, the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 9.00-178.02, all P<0.05). The incidence of radial artery occlusion and the incidence of pain Numerical Rating Scale>3 points in the evidence application group were 2.1% (2/94) and 3.2% (3/94), respectively, which were lower than 14.8% (13/88) and 23.9% (21/88) in the baseline review group; the comfort level of patients in the evidence application group was 96.8% (91/94), which was higher than 63.6% (56/88) in the baseline review group. The differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 8.01, 15.21, 30.10, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The best evidence for the prevention of radial artery occlusion after transradial coronary angiography or intervention can be applied to clinical practice, which can standardize the behavior of medical staff, reduce the incidence of postoperative radial artery occlusion, reduce the degree of compression pain, and improve the comfort of patients.

Application of hemostatic bandage in wound management after transradial coronary angiography and/or interventional therapy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical effectiveness of hemostatic bandage on wound safety and comfort after transradial coronary angiography and/or interventional therapy.Methods:This was a experimental study. A total of 400 consecutive patients who underwent transradial coronary angiography and/or interventional therapy in the Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital from July to October 2022 were enrolled and randomly divided into the hemostatic bandage group and the hemostatic balloon compressor group by the envelope method with 200 cases in each group. The hemostatic bandage group and the hemostatic balloon compressor group were treated with hemostatic bandage and hemostatic balloon compressor as transradial artery hemostatic device, respectively, to observe and compare postoperative hemostatic effect, hemostat use time, complication rate, postoperative pain, the degree of numbness in the finger on the operated side and wristband comfort between the two groups.Results:The hemostatic success rate was 98.5% (197/200) and 99.0% (198/200) in the hemostatic bandage and the hemostatic balloon compressor group, respectively, with no statistical difference ( χ2=0.20, P>0.05). The hemostat use time in the hemostatic bandage group and the hemostatic balloon compressor group was (6.23 ± 0.47) h and (17.01 ± 7.74) h, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-19.66, P<0.01). The incidence of complications in the hemostatic bandage group and the hemostatic balloon compressor group was 13.5%(27/200) and 29.5%(59/200), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.01, P<0.05). Among the complications, swelling occurred in 21 individuals of the hemostatic bandage group and 54 individuals of the hemostatic balloon compressor group with statistically significant differences ( U=16 689.50, P<0.01). Besides, the hemostatic bandage group was significantly better than the hemostatic balloon compressor group with statistically significant differences in wound pain at immediate postoperative ( U=13 669.50, P<0.01), in finger numbness at immediate postoperative and 1-hour postoperative (immediate postoperative: U=17 838.00, P<0.05; 1-hour postoperative: U=13 342.50, P<0.01), in comfort at immediate postoperative, 4-hours, 8-hours and 12-hour postoperative(immediate postoperative: U=9 966.50, P<0.01; 4-hour postoperative: U=12 851, P<0.01; 8-hour postoperative: U=14 900, P<0.01; 12-hour postoperative: U=15 920, P<0.01). Conclusions:The hemostatic bandage shows better hemostatic effect, shorter compression time, lower complication rate, less wound pain, less numbness of the finger on the operation side, and higher comfort of the wrist band compared to hemostatic balloon compressor after transradial coronary angiography and/or interventional therapy, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Comparison between free wrist crease flap pedicled with superficial palmar branch of radial artery and traditional free toe flap in reconstruction of hand soft tissue defects: A study on clinical efficacy / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To compare the difference in clinical efficacy between a free wrist crease flap pedicled with superficial palmar branch of the radial artery flap (SPBRAF) and a traditional free toe flap (TFTF) in reconstruction of hand soft tissue defects, and to provide reference for the treatment of small-to medium-sized hand soft tissue defects.Methods:Data of 37 patients who received hand surgery in Department of Hand Surgery, No.971 Hospital of the PLA Navy from December 2016 to December 2019 for small-to medium-sized hand soft tissue defects were retrospectively studied. Among the 37 patients, there were 32 males and 5 females, aged between 18 and 65 years old, with 41.5 years old in average. According to the reconstructive surgical procedure, patients were divided into SPBRAF group (22 cases) and TFTF group (15 cases). Regular follow-ups were conducted after surgery. The difference in curative effect at the last follow-up between the 2 groups was evaluated by the comparison of data acquired in follow-up. SPSS 25.0 was used to analyse the data statistically. The evaluation indicators included flap survival, long-term recovery of flap, recovery effect at donor site, total active movement(TAM) of the affected digit, time of hospital stay and the time return to work. P<0.05 was considered a statistically significant. Results:All free flaps survived. All patients were entered 6-18 (mean, 10) months of postoperative follow-up to comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic effect. According to the Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Function of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, in the SPBRAF group, 20 flaps were found in excellent, and 2 in good; in the TFTF group, 14 flaps were found in excellent, 1 in good. There was no statistical difference between the 2 groups( P>0.05). The colour, texture and thickness of flaps between the 2 groups were either in excellent or good. There was no statistical difference between the 2 groups( P>0.05). TPD in the TFTF group (5-6 mm) was better than that in SPBRAF group (6-7 mm) with statistical difference between the 2 groups ( P<0.05). Texture at donor sites between the 2 groups was either in excellent or good ( P>0.05). In terms of appearance, sensation and recovery time of donor site, it was found that the SPBRAF group(mean, 6 weeks) was significantly better than those in the TFTF group(mean, 8 weeks) and there was statistical difference between the 2 groups ( P<0.05). In terms of recovery of TAM in single-digit, excellent or good were shown in both groups and there was no statistical difference between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). In terms of hospitalisation and time for return to work, the SPBRAF group(mean, 8 days and 17 weeks) was significantly better than that of TFTF group(mean, 12 days and 24 weeks), and there was statistical difference between the 2 groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:SPBRAF has an ideal effect on reconstruction of small-to medium-sized hand soft tissue defects in hand. Although the flap is still inferior in sensation and appearance compared with the TFTF, the advantages in terms of donor site recovery, patient satisfaction of the donor site and reduced time of hospitalisation and return to original work are more obvious. SPBRAF provides a good complement to surgical procedures reconstructing a digit defect.

Coaxial catheter technique in carotid artery stenting implantation via radial artery approach:its effectiveness and safety / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of coaxial catheter technique in carotid artery stent implantation via radial artery approach.Methods The general and clinical data of patients,who underwent carotid artery stent implantation via radial artery approach at the Department of Neurology,Daxing Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University of China between January 2021 and October 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.During the operation,coaxial catheter technology was used to make a 6F catheter inserting into the target vessel for performing carotid stent implantation,and the rate of successful catheter placement,surgical success rate,and perioperative complications were analyzed.Results A total of 40 patients,who underwent carotid artery stent implantation via radial artery approach,were enrolled in this study.The involved vessels included left internal carotid artery(n=16),right internal carotid artery(n=24),type Ⅰaortic arch(n=13),type Ⅱ aortic arch(n=20),type Ⅲ aortic arch(n=7),and bovine aortic arch(n=1).The rate of successful catheter placement was 100％,the surgical success rate was 95％,and no procedure-related complications occurred.The time spent on surgery was(34.4±13.6)min.No patients developed symptoms of cerebral infarction or myocardial infarction in 30 days after the operation.Conclusion The use of coaxial catheter technology can make the catheter inserting into the target vessel quickly and avoid repeated catheter exchange.Coaxial catheter technology is safe and effective in performing carotid artery stent implantation via radial artery approach.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1169-1173)

Free transverse carpal flap of superficial palmar branch of radial artery in reconstruction of soft tissue defect of digit: a report of 17 cases / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To explore the surgical procedure and clinical effect of a free transverse carpal flap based on the superficial palmar branch of radial artery in reconstruction of soft tissue defect of digits.Methods:From February 2014 to May 2022, 17 cases of soft tissue defects with tendon or phalanges in digits were treated in the Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Hainan Zhongde Orthopaedic Hospital. All 17 cases were treated by the free transverse carpal flap based on the superficial palmar branch of radial artery. The flap size was 2.0 cm×2.0 cm-4.5 cm×2.0 cm. The anastomosed artery was digital artery or common digital artery, and the vein was the accompanying vein or superficial subcutaneous vein. All donor sites were directly sutured. Preventive measures of anti-infection, anticoagulation, anti-vasospasm and symptomatic treatment were given after surgery. After discharge of patients, scheduled follow-ups were conducted through outpatient clinic, telephone or WeChat interviews to observe the clinical effects. According to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, hand functional recovery was good in 14 cases and good in 1 case.Results:All 17 flaps had survived with 16 completed the postoperative follow-up. Follow-ups ranged from 6 to 18 months, with a mean of 14 months. At the last follow-up, the flaps were good in shape, soft texture, in normal flexion and extension and with good protective sensation. Two-point discrimination (TPD) was 8-12 mm, with an average of 8 mm. There was no other adverse effect in the donor sites except a linear scar.Conclusion:Application of transverse carpal flap based on the superficial palmar branch of radial artery from same limb to restore the digit function is feasible. It is an ideal surgical procedure of flap transfer.

Total arterialized coronary artery bypass grafting: short-and mid-term clinical outcomes / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety of total artery coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) in patients with coronary heart disease and the short- and mid-term clinical outcomes.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 100 patients who underwent CABG treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2016 to July 2021. Of these, 50 patients were selected for comparison(TACR) with the left internal thoracic artery and radial artery(RA) as grafts. However, the left internal thoracic artery and the great saphenous vein were used as grafts in other 50 patients were selected as controls(NCR). The clinical data of preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative(3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 5 years) for two groups were compared.Results:In the perioperative period, TACR group was inferior to the control in both operation time and 24 h postoperative drainage. But the peak value of hypersensitive troponin T was lower than that of NCR. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mechanical ventilation time and perioperative mortality. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), recurrent angina, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and recurrent myocardial infarction at 3 and 6 months after operation. LVEF in TACR was better than that in NCR at 1 year and 5 years postoperatively.Conclusion:The clinical effect of CABG with RA as bridge vessel carried out in our center is obvious. TACR is safe and feasible due to its good mid-term efficacy and is not likely to cause postoperative complications.

Preliminary study on coronary artery interventional procedure assisted by guide wire and balloon assisted 360° twisting radial artery straightening technique / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective Coronary arteriography(CAG)and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)are the most effective methods for the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CAD),but radial artery vascular variation,especially the presence of 360° tortuous(annular tortuous)radial artery seriously affects the success rate of trans-radial artery approach(TRA)interventional operation.This article provides a preliminary exploration of CAG and PCI through the annular tortuous radial artery.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 15 patients with annular tortuous right radial artery who successfully completed CAG or PCI by annular tortuous radial artery,and summarized the procedures performed through the annular tortuous radial artery.Results We found that the annular tortuous radial artery could be passed through by the catheter with the assistance of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA)guide wire or combined with a diameter of 2.0 mm balloon(6-8 atm dilatation state),and then the PTCA wire and the balloon can be replaced with a coronary angiography guide wire after the catheter passed through annular tortuous radial artery,and finally the annular tortuous radial artery could be straightened by fixing the coronary angiography guide wire and rotating and pulling the catheter.Finally,the catheter could be advanced to the coronary orifice and subsequent CAG or PCI could be performed while the annular tortuous radial artery was kept straightening.Both the left and right coronary arteries could perform coronary intervention using this technique,and there were no complications such as forearm hematoma or vascular rupture after this operation.Conclusions It is possible to successfully complete the coronary interventional therapy through annular tortuous radial artery by using the technique with the help of PTCA wire combined with balloon.

Comparison of pain levels of traditional radial, distal radial, and transfemoral coronary catheterization

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to compare the traditional radial artery, distal radial artery, and transfemoral artery, which are vascular access sites for coronary angiography, in terms of pain level using the visual analog scale. METHODS: Between April 2021 and May 2022, consecutive patients from three centers were included in our study. A total of 540 patients, 180 from each of the traditional radial artery, distal radial artery , and transfemoral artery groups, were included. The visual analog scale was applied to the patients as soon as they were taken to bed. RESULTS: When the visual analog scale was compared between the groups, it was found to be significantly different (transfemoral artery: 2.7±1.6, traditional radial artery: 3.9±1.9, and distal radial artery: 4.9±2.1, respectively, p<0.001). When the patients were classified as mild, moderate, and severe based on the visual analog scale score, a significant difference was found between the groups in terms of body mass index, process time, access time, and number of punctures (p<0.001). Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis, body mass index>29.8 kg/m2 predicted severe pain with 72.5% sensitivity and 73.2% specificity [(area under the curve: 0.770, 95%CI: 0.724-0.815, p<0.0001)]. CONCLUSION: In our study, we found that the femoral approach caused less access site pain and a high body mass index predicts severe pain.

Síndrome compartimental após ruptura espontânea de pseudoaneurisma da artéria radial esquerda / Compartment syndrome after spontaneous rupture of a left radial artery pseudoaneurysm

A abordagem transradial é indicada para reduzir risco de morte, complicações vasculares ou sangramento. Em pacientes com doença cardíaca isquêmica estável, a abordagem radial é recomendada para diminuir sangramento no local de acesso e complicações vasculares. As complicações são raras, podendo ocorrer hematoma, perfuração e, muito raramente, pseudoaneurisma da artéria radial. Neste relato de caso, é descrito um caso raro de pseudoaneurisma da artéria radial esquerda associada à síndrome compartimental no antebraço esquerdo após realização de cateterismo eletivo. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por ultrassonografia com Doppler, que evidenciou pseudoaneurisma da artéria radial esquerda, medindo 2,1x1,5cm, com colo de 0,3cm. O tratamento cirúrgico do pseudoaneurisma e da síndrome compartimental restaurou a função completa do membro.

The transradial approach is indicated to reduce the risk of death, vascular complications, or bleeding. In patients with stable ischemic heart disease, the radial approach is recommended to reduce vascular complications and bleeding on access site. The complications are rare, and hematoma, perforation, and pseudoaneurysm (very rarely) of the radial artery may occur. This case report describes a rare case of left radial artery pseudoaneurysm associated with compartment syndrome in the left forearm after elective catheterization. The diagnosis was confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography, which showed a left radial artery pseudoaneurysm, measuring 2.1x1.5cm, with a 0.3-cm long/wide neck. Surgical treatment of pseudoaneurysm and compartment syndrome restored full limb function.

Avaliação dos efeitos do curativo compressivo após procedimentos intervencionistas por via radial / Evaluation of the effects of compressive dressing after interventional procedures via radial approach

Introdução: Dispositivos externos compressivos após a punção radial para cateterismo cardíaco e intervenção coronária percutânea visam à hemostasia, ao conforto para o paciente e à segurança. O estudo objetivou avaliar pacientes submetidos a procedimentos coronários invasivos por via radial, nos quais se utilizou um curativo compressivo e de baixo custo, desenvolvido no serviço, avaliando a segurança dele e a ocorrência de complicações. Métodos: Indivíduos submetidos à coronariografia e à intervenção coronária percutânea, avaliados no momento de retirada do curativo compressivo e após 7 dias, por meio de questionário abrangendo comorbidades, quadro clínico, tempo do procedimento e de compressão, avaliação física de hematoma e dor, e Doppler vascular sonoro para avaliação de oclusão da artéria radial. Resultados: Foram avaliados 144 pacientes, sendo 138 com seguimento em 7 dias. Os eventos não diferiram entre procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Na avaliação imediata à retirada do curativo, revelou-se incidência de 4,2% de oclusão da artéria radial, com dor referida em 23,6% dos pacientes, graduada em 2,9±1,7 pela Escala Visual Analógica (intensidade de zero a dez) e sem sangramentos graves. Hematoma ocorreu em um paciente (0,9%), com classificação III pelo critério EASY. Na avaliação de 7 dias, a incidência de oclusão da artéria radial foi de 2,2%, a dor foi referida em 11,1% da amostra (intensidade 1,8±0,8), e o hematoma foi evidenciado em 3,5%. Conclusão: O curativo compressivo mostrou-se um procedimento seguro, com baixa taxa de complicações e baixa taxa de dor local nos pacientes submetidos a procedimentos coronários invasivos pela via radial.

Background: External compressive devices after radial puncture for cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention aim at hemostasis, patient comfort, and safety. The objective of the study was to evaluate patients undergoing invasive coronary procedures by radial approach, in which a low-cost compressive dressing developed at the service was used, assessing its safety and the occurrence of complications. Methods: Patients undergoing coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention, evaluated at the time of removal of compressive dressing and after 7 days, by means of a questionnaire addressing comorbidities, clinical picture, procedure and compression time, physical assessment of hematoma and pain, and a vascular Doppler ultrasound to evaluate radial artery occlusion. Results: A total of 144 patients were evaluated, 138 of whom were followed up within 7 days. Events did not differ among diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In the immediate evaluation after removal of dressing, an incidence of 4.2% of radial artery occlusion was observed, with pain reported by 23.6% of patients, graded at 2.9±1.7 points in the Visual Analogue Scale (intensity of zero to ten), and no major bleeding. Hematoma occurred in one patient (0.9%), classified as type III according to the EASY criteria. In the 7-day evaluation, the incidence of radial artery occlusion was 2.2%, pain was reported in 11.1% of sample (intensity 1.8±0.8), and hematoma was evident in 3.5%. Conclusion: The compressive dressing proved to be a safe procedure, with a low rate of complications and a low rate of local pain in patients undergoing invasive coronary procedures via radial approach.

Efeito da nitroglicerina no espasmo e na oclusão da artéria radial em cateterismos transradiais realizados em mulheres / Effect of nitroglycerin on radial artery spasm and occlusion in transradial catheterizations performed in women

Introdução: O benefício do cateterismo transradial já foi confirmado em pacientes do sexo feminino. Mulheres submetidas a exames por cateterismo transradial apresentam desafios únicos. A ocorrência de espasmo e oclusão da artéria radial após o procedimento é maior em mulheres. Objetivamos avaliar o benefício da nitroglicerina na redução de espasmo e oclusão da artéria radial em mulheres submetidas a cateterismo transradial. Métodos: Estudo multicêntrico, prospectivo, randomizado 2x2 fatorial, duplo-cego. Participantes foram randomizados para nitroglicerina 500mcg ou placebo em dois momentos: após colocação do introdutor hemostático e antes da retirada. A avaliação de espasmo da artéria radial foi clínica, por meio de escala dor. A avaliação da oclusão da artéria radial foi realizada com Doppler, nas primeiras 12 horas. Resultados: Foram incluídos 2.040 pacientes, sendo 774 (37,5%) mulheres. A média de idade foi similar entre os sexos (62,2 anos versus 61,5 anos; p=0,27). A incidência de espasmo da artéria radial foi maior nas mulheres (21,2% versus 6,6%; p<0,01), bem como a incidência de oclusão da artéria radial (3,4% versus 1,8%; p=0,03). O uso da nitroglicerina no início do procedimento não reduziu a incidência de espasmo da artéria radial em mulheres quando comparado com o placebo (19,7% versus 22,6%; p=0,34), tampouco as taxas de oclusão da artéria radial (4,3% versus 2,5%; p=0,17). O uso da nitroglicerina ao fim do procedimento não reduziu a incidência de oclusão da artéria em mulheres (2,8% versus 3,9%; p=0,37). Conclusões: O espasmo e a oclusão da artéria radial são mais frequentes em mulheres submetidas a cateterismo transradial quando comparadas aos homens. O uso da nitroglicerina não apresenta efeito benéfico na redução dessas incidências.

Background: The benefit of transradial catheterization is well established in female patients. Women undergoing transradial catheterization exams present with unique challenges. The occurrence of radial artery spasm and occlusion after the procedure is higher in women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefit of nitroglycerin in reducing radial artery spasm and occlusion in women undergoing transradial catheterization. Methods: This was a 2x2 factorial randomized, multicenter, prospective, double-blinded study. Participants were randomized to nitroglycerin 500mcg or placebo at two time points: after placement of the hemostatic introducer and before its removal. The evaluation of the radial artery spasm was clinical, using a pain scale The evaluation of the radial artery occlusion was performed with Doppler, in the first 12 hours. Results: A total of 2,040 patients were included, of which 774 (37.5%) were female. Mean age was similar between sexes (62.2 years versus 61.5 years; p=0.27). The incidence of radial artery spasm was higher in women (21.2% versus 6.6%; p<0.01), as well as the incidence of radial artery occlusion (3.4% versus 1.8%; p=0.03). The use of nitroglycerin at the beginning of the procedure did not reduce the incidence of radial artery spasm in women when compared with placebo (19.7% versus 22.6%; p=0.34), nor did the rates of radial artery occlusion (4.3% versus 2.5%; p=0.17). The use of nitroglycerin at the end of the procedure did not reduce the incidence of artery occlusion in women (2.8% versus 3.9%; p=0.37). Conclusions: Radial artery spasm and occlusion are more frequent in women undergoing transradial catheterization when compared to men. The use of nitroglycerin does not have a beneficial effect in reducing these incidences.

A comparison of the success rate of radial artery cannulation between the ultrasound?guided and conventional palpation techniques in elderly patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery

Background:Ultrasound?guided (USG) radial artery cannulation against the standard palpation technique increases the first attempt rate in both pediatric and adult patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of USG versus the palpation technique in improving the first attempt rate in elderly patients. Methods: The patients over 65 years of age were randomized to the USG or Palpation group. The radial artery identification in the USG group was performed with the aid of the Sonimage HS 1. In the Palpation group, the radial artery was identified by manual palpation. The operators were cardiothoracic anesthesiologists. Overall success was defined as cannulation completed within 10 min. Results: Eighty patients (40 in each group) were recruited. The respective first attempt and overall success rate for the USG group were similar to the Palpation group (P > 0.999 and P = 0.732). The time to the first attempt and overall success were also similar (P = 0.075 and P = 0.636). The number of attempts, number of catheters used, and failure rates were similar between the groups (P = 0.935, P = 0.938, and P = 0.723). The number of successful cannulations within 10 min was similar for both the groups as categorized by the radial artery diameter (P = 0.169). Conclusions: The USG did not increase the first attempt or overall success rate of radial artery cannulation in the elderly patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. The time to first attempt and overall success were similar between both the groups. The number of attempts and number of catheters used were similar between both groups.

Assessment and comparison of distal radial artery diameter in anatomical snuff box with conventional radial artery before coronary catheterization

Background: The distal radial artery (dRA) approach at anatomical snuff box has gained attention of the interventional cardiologist in last few years. The procedural success rate by this novel approach depends on size of the radial artery and therefore the study was planned to study the size of distal radial artery. Methods: Total of 1004 patients of >18 years of age undergoing coronary catheterization were included in the study. The vessel diameter was measured from media to media in the anatomical snuff box a day prior to coronary catheterization. Results: The mean diameter of right radial artery at conventional access site was 2.56 ± 0.35 mm and at distal access site 2.23 ± 0.39 mm (p < 0.001). Females had significantly smaller radial artery diameter as compared to males at right conventional access site (2.42 ± 0.36 mm vs 2.60 ± 0.34 mm; p < 0.001) and distal access site (2.09 ± 0.38 mm vs 2.27 ± 0.39 mm; p < 0.001). The diameter of the right dRA was not significantly correlated with age (r2 linear ¼ 0.002, p ¼ 0.0475) but was positively correlated with height and weight (r2 linear ¼ 0.076, p ¼ <0.001 and r2 linear ¼ 0.005, p ¼ <0.001) and negatively correlated with BMI (r2 linear ¼ 0.076, p ¼ 0.519). Conclusions: This study has shown the size of right dRA 2.27 þ 0.39 mm in males and 2.09 þ 0.38 mm in females. Diabetes, hypertension, height and weight are important predictors of dRA diameter