ABSTRACT
Hepatolithiasis is a disease which stone firstly occurs in intrahepatic bile duct system.This disease has complex pathogenetic condition, extensive lesion.It also has high recurrence rate, residual stone rate and complication occurrence rate.And at the same time, it has possibility to be canceration.At present, hepatectomy is considered to be the best approach to treat hepatolithiasis.What's more, there are also some other therapies, such as transhepatic cholangiolithotomy, bile duct stricture repair revascularization, liver transplatation and non-operation treatment, and so on.In recent years, the symptom of hepatolithiasis in our country becomes lighter, the range becomes more limited, and the course becomes more early.However, this disease is still a big challenge for hepatobiliary surgeon.In this article, we review the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment progress of hepatolithiasis.
ABSTRACT
Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)is a noninvasive,quantitative,fast,and reliable novel tool for the assessment of fatty liver disease (FLD),and it has been a hotspot in the noninvasive diagnosis of FLD.This paper introduces factors associated with CAP asses-sing FLD,the cut -off value for the diagnosis of liver steatosis,and the causes of the failure of CAP measurement and unreliable CAP meas-urement.The paper believes that even though the noninvasive and quantitative diagnosis of FLD by CAP has been confirmed by many stud-ies,most of the results were obtained with a limited sample size.Therefore,the factors associated with the cut -off value for CAP diagnosing liver steatosis and factors influencing the measurement results still need validation with larger samples and multi -centered research reports.