Bioinformatics analysis on molecular subtypes and clinical characteristics of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on genes associated with lactate metabolism / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To select the differential prognostic lactic acid metabolism-related genes(LRGs)of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)to construct the LRGs prognostic model of HNSCC,and to clarify the potential mechanism.Methods:The HNSCC gene expression and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)Databases,the LRGs were identified through GeneCards Database,and R software was used to screen out the LRGs of HNSCC;univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognosis-related genes;two different subtypes were identified based on the prognostis-related LRGs;Kaplan-Meier(K-M)curve analysis was used to compare the prognosis of the patients between two groups;CIBERSORT algorithm was used to perform the immuno-correlation analysis between two groups;multivariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis were used to construct the prognostic model;receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)and K-M survival curve were used to assess the relationship between LRGs and survival and prognosis of the HNSCC patients.The prognostic model was validated by GSE27020,GSE41613,and GSE65858 datasets.The experiment were grouped based on risk score,and immune-related analysis and tumor score analysis were performed.Results:The TCGA Database differential analysis results showed that 1 196 LRGs were identified from HNSCC samples;univariate Cox regression analysis selected 27 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)associated with the prognosis of the HNSCC patients.Two different LRGs subtypes(Group 1 and Group 2)were identified according to the prognosis-related genes.The K-M survival curves results showed that the overall survival(OS)of the patients in Group 2 was significantly higher than that in Group 1,and the immune cell expression amount of the patients in Group 2 was also higher than that in group 1.The multivariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis results screened out 9 LRGs,including hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1(HPRT1),amyloid precursor protein(APP),glycogen phosphorylase L(PYGL),urokinase-type plasminogen activator(PLAU),cannabinoid receptor 2(CNR2),stanniocalcin 2(STC2),nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 1(NLRP1),integrin-linked kinase(ILK),and forkhead box B1(FOXB1);the prognostic model was constructed.The K-M and ROC curve results indicated that the expression levels of above 9 genes were associated with the survival and prognosis of the HNSCC patients,providing good 1-year,2-year,and 3-year survival prediction effect,and the area under ROC curve(AUC)values were all greater than 0.650.Furthermore,the predictive ability of the prognosis model was validated in GSE27020,GSE41613,and GSE65858 datasets.The patients classified based on the risk scores had distinguishable immune statuses.Conclusion:The differentially expressed LRGs of HNSCC screened by bioinformatics methods are related to the survival and prognosis of the HNSCC patients;the prognostic model constructed by 9 LRGs can predict the survival status and treatment response of the HNSCC patients.

BNC1 promotes cell migration and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma / 陆军军医大学学报

Objective To explore the mechanism and effects of Basonuclin 1(BNC1)on the migration and invasion abilities of lung squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Bioinformatics technology was used to analyze the expression patterns and survival impact of BNC1 in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma in online databases;Tissue microarrays were stained by immunohistochemistry assay and analyzed for BNC1 protein level.Cell lines for lung squamous cell carcinoma with high and low BNC1 expression were screened in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia(CCLE)database.Wound healing experiment and transwell assay were performed on lung squamous cell carcinoma cell models with knockdown and overexpression of BNC1,and the migration and invasion rates of each cell line were detected;Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR)was used to validate the migration and invasion of 10 highly related genes derived from literature.Western blotting was used to validate the selected regulatory genes.Results Bioinformatics technology found that BNC1 was highly expressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues and was associated with lower survival rate(P=0.047).The expression of BNC1 in lung squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that in paracancerous tissues(P＜0.05).BNC1 had higher expression in the H226 cells and lower expression in the SK-MES1 cells.BNC1 knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells(P＜0.05),and BNC1 overexpression enhanced the migration and invasion abilities of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells(P＜0.05).Screening of BNC1 downstream regulatory molecules at the mRNA level showed that CDH1 was decreased when BNC1 was overexpressed(P＜0.05),and increased when BNC1 was knocked down(P＜0.05).The results of mRNA level were consistent with the results verified by Western blotting(P＜0.05).Conclusion BNC1 may be a gene predicting poor prognosis for lung squamous cell carcinoma patients,and BNC1 may likely to promote cell migration and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma by downregulating CDH1 expression.

Epithelial transformation sequence 2 affecting the in vitro metastatic activity of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells by regulating the expression of p33 inhibitor growth-1 / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effects of epithelial transformation sequence 2(ECT2)and p33ING1 on the metastatic activity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)cells.Methods The expressions of ECT2 and p33ING1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line KYSE140 cells were divided into 4 groups:blank group,negative control(pcDNA 3.1 NC)group,overexpression group(pcDNA 3.1 ECT2)and inhibited expression group(si ECT2).MTT assay and cell colony formation assay were used to study the proliferation and growth ability of cells,Transwell assay and scratch assay used to study the invasion and migration ability of cells,and flow cytometry used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle,Western blotting used to detect the effect of ECT2 on p33ING1 protein.Results ECT2 expression increased and p33ING1 expression decreased in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues.Overexpression of ECT2 significantly increased the growth,colony formation,migration and invasion abilities of KYSE140 cells,and decreased the apoptosis rate and p33ING1 expression of KYSE140 cells.In addition,inhibition of ECT2 expression could reverse the above changes.Conclusion The high expression of ECT2 can promote the growth and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma KYSE140 cells and inhibit their apoptosis.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of p33ING1 expression by ECT2.

The effects of gambogenic acid on proliferation and apoptosis of CAL27 cell xenograft tumor in nude mice / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of gambogenic acid(GNA)on the proliferation and apoptosis of CAL27 cell xenograft tumor in nude mice.Methods:18 SPF nude mice were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=6).All nude mice were inoculated with CAL27 cells at logarithmic growth stage to establish subcutaneous transplanted tumor models.The mice in low and high dose GNA groups were treated with GNA of 8.0 mg/kg iv.and 16.0 mg/kg iv.every other day,respectively,and those in the control group was given the same amount of normal saline.The tumor growth curve was plotted during drug administration.2 weeks later,the nude mice were sacrificed,the tumor tissue was removed and the tumor inhibition rate was evaluated by the tumor size measurements.TUNEL as-say was used to detect the apoptosis of transplanted tumor cells in the groups.The expression levels of AKT,Bcl-2 and PI3K proteins in tumor tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).The toxicity and side effects of GNA on normal tissues were detected by HE staining.Results:The transplanted tumors in low and high dose GNA groups grew slowly,and the tumor weight and volume were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05),the tumor inhibition ratio of low and high dose groups was 57.58％and 83.68％respectively.TUNEL results showed that the apoptosis index of GNA low and high dose groups was higher that of control group(P＜0.05).IHC results showed that the expression of AKT,Bcl-2 and PI3K in the tumor tissues of nude mice in low and high dose GNA groups was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).HE results showed that GNA had not effect on normal tissues and or-gans(P＜0.05);Conclusion:GNA may induce CAL27 cell apoptosis by regulating the expression of AKT,Bcl-2 and PI3K,and in-hibites the development of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma with little effect on normal tissues and organs.

Clinical study on the expression of EGFR in pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:Exploration of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and its clinical significance in pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC).Methods:A total of 60 pancreatic cancer tissue samples and 8 normal pancreatic tissue samples were obtained from patients who were surgically treated at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2016 to December 2021. A retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological data of these 60 patients was conducted, including 23 males and 37 females with an age of (62.7±10.2) years. Among them, 20 cases were pathologically diagnosed as PASC, and 40 contemporaneous cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were selected through propensity score matching. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was used to measure the integrated optical density (IOD) of EGFR expression, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to detect the expression differences of EGFR mRNA. Based on the median IOD value of EGFR, the 20 PASC samples were divided into two groups, high and low expression groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to compare the impact of EGFR expression on the prognosis of PASC patients.Results:The IOD value of EGFR in PASC group (29.2 [25.7, 35.1]) was significantly higher than that in the PDAC group [9.5 (5.5, 13.0)] and they both exceeded the value in normal tissues [2.4 (1.7, 3.1)], with statistical significances ( all P<0.001 ). The level of EGFR mRNA expression in the PASC group was higher than that in the PDAC group [3.0 (1.8, 3.5) vs 1.2 (0.8, 1.2)], showing statistically significant difference ( P=0.0079). Patients with high EGFR expression had shorter overall survival compared with patients with low expression ( P=0.002). The incidence of vascular invasion in the PASC group [40.0% (8/20)] was higher than that in the PDAC group [17.5% (7/40)], with a significant difference ( P=0.002). The median survival time for the PASC group was 16.00 (9.25, 25.25) months, which was shorter than that of the PDAC group 21.50 (11.25, 40.75) months, showing a statistically significant difference ( P=0.033). The overall survival rate of the PASC group was lower than PDAC group ( P=0.028). Conclusion:EGFR expression is significantly elevated in PASC tissues and PASC patients have poor prognosis.

HeberFERON en el tratamiento del carcinoma basoescamoso / HeberFERON in Treating Basosquamous Carcinoma

Introducción: El carcinoma basoescamoso es un subtipo agresivo de carcinoma basocelular compuesto por células basaloides y áreas de células escamosas con una zona de transición intermedia, con tendencia a la recurrencia y metástasis. Objetivo: Describir el caso clínico de una paciente con un carcinoma basoescamoso en región temporal cerca del canto externo del ojo izquierdo. Presentación de caso: Se presentó el caso de una paciente con un carcinoma basoescamoso en región temporal cerca del canto externo del ojo izquierdo de 30 mm de diámetro. Se aplicó HeberFERON con respuesta completa al eliminar el tumor. Conclusiones: El HeberFERON es una opción no quirúrgica de tratamiento que puede ser usada en el carcinoma basoescamoso de localización facial que por su tamaño puede provocar mutilaciones o deformidades en esta zona(AU)

Introduction: Basal squamous cell carcinoma is an aggressive subtype of basal cell carcinoma composed of basaloid cells and areas of squamous cells with an intermediate transition zone, with a tendency to recur and metastasize. Objective: To describe the clinical case of a patient with a basal squamous cell carcinoma in the temporal region near the external canthus of the left eye. Case report: This paper reports a case of a female patient with a basal squamous cell carcinoma in the temporal region near the external canthus of her left eye with 30 mm diameter. HeberFERON was used with complete response when eliminating the tumor. Conclusions: HeberFERON is a non-surgical treatment option that can be used in facial basal squamous cell carcinoma that, due to its size, can cause mutilations or deformities in this area(AU)

Effect of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion on the prognostic quality of first-stage free flap repair and reconstruction in patients with oral cancer / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the effect of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion on patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after first-stage free flap transplantation. 【Methods】 A total of 306 OSCC patients who accepted primary repair and reconstruction using free flap admitted to our affiliation from January 2010 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects and retrospectively analyzed. According to their clinical data, they were divided into three groups: no transfusion group (n=98), 1-2 U transfusion group (n=131) and 3 + U transfusion group (n=77), respectively. The incidence of complications including flap infection, blood circulation disorder and hematoma in the three groups were compared. The five-year survival rate of the three groups was calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the relative risk of death was analyzed by Cox regression. 【Results】 There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups of patients (P>0.05) regarding such baseline data as embracing gender, age, primary location, degree of differentiation, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The complication rate of patients with 3 + U transfusion (25.97%) was significantly higher than that of no transfusion (6.12%) and 1-2 U transfusion (10.86%) (P<0.05); and the five-year survival rate of patients with 3 + U transfusion (51.95%) was significantly lower than that of no transfusion (69.38%) and 1-2 U transfusion (62.60%) (P<0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that age, adjuvant radiotherapy, degree of tissue differentiation, collateral infiltration, vascular invasion and blood transfusion were all factors influencing the quality of prognosis after repair and reconstruction of first-stage free flap transplantation treating OSCC (P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was an independent protective factor for the prognosis and survival quality of postoperative OSCC patients (P<0.01); the degree of differentiation, vascular invasion and blood transfusion were independent risk factors for the prognosis and survival quality of postoperative OSCC patients (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Perioperative allogeneic transfusion in OSCC patients can increase the risk of postoperative complications and directly affect their prognostic quality. It can be regarded as an important risk factor for OSCC patients.

Effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection on IFNGR1 palmitoylation in esophageal cancer cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) infection on IFNGR1 palmitoylation and biological behaviors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and the clinical implications.@*METHODS@#The expression levels of IFNGR1 protein in ESCC cell lines KYSE30 and KYSE70 were detected using Western blotting at 24 and 48 h after Pg infection, and 2-BP was used to detect IFNGR1 palmitoylation in the cells. KYSE70 cells with wild-type IFNGR1 (IFNGR1-WT cells) and with IFNGR1-C122A palmitoylation site mutation induced by site-specific mutagenesis (IFNGR1-C122A cells) were both infected with Pg, and the changes in palmitoylation of IFNGR1-C122A were analyzed using immunofluorescence and Click-iT assays. The changes in proliferation, migration and invasion ability of the infected cells were evaluated using plate cloning assay, scratch assay and Transwell assay, and IFNGR1 co-localization with lysosomal marker LAMP2 was dected using immunofluorescence assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Pg infection and IFNGR1 protein expression in 50 ESCC tissues, and their correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of the patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Pg infection down-regulated the protein expression of IFNGR1 in ESCC and promoted IFNGR1 palmitoylation at site 122. In IFNGR1-WT cells, Pg infection significantly enhanced cell proliferation, migration and invasion (P < 0.05). Similarly, Pg also significantly promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of IFNGR1-C122A cells, but to a lesser extent as compared with the wild-type cells (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay showed that Pg and ZDHHC3 promoted IFNGR1 degradation within the lysosome. Immunohistochemical studies of the ESCC tissue samples showed a negative correlation between IFNGR1 and Pg expression, and a reduced IFNGR1 expression was correlated with a poorer survival outcome of the patient.@*CONCLUSION@#Pg infection enhances IFNGR1 palmitoylation to promote progression of ESCC, and elimination of Pg and inhibiting IFNGR1 palmitoylation may effectively control ESCC progression.

ROLE OF CIRCULATING MIR-21 EXPRESSION PROFILES AND THEIR EMERGENCE AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

Among the widest range of prevalent forms of cancer is oral carcinoma, which can develop anywhere in the mouth or even on the lips. Although there have been many advances in cancer treatment, the expected lifespan for OSCCs have indeed increased marginally. The load of OSCC is anticipated to increase in the near future, yet there is no sign of relief in view. Tumorigenesis is just one of the many physiological processes that can be controlled by microRNAs, a class noncoding endogenous RNAs. Several fibrosis disorders have been linked to miR- 21, and it has been utilised to distinguish oral and tongue cancer from healthy individuals. Studies empirically highlighted the significance of these transcripts as a predictor for prediction and diagnosis in OSCCs. Therefore, the present review summarizes the expression levels of miRNAs in OSCCs and evaluates their functioning in the progression or suppression of cancer. miR-21 can be considered as a prospective candidate for their translational use in OSCCs for early diagnosis prognosis surveillance and tailored treatment which should undergo further validation.

Carcinoma escamoso híbrido de la planta del pie / Squamous hybrid carcinoma of the sole of the foot

Resumen El carcinoma escamoso (CEC) es un tumor maligno de la epidermis y sus anexos. Es el segundo en frecuencia después del carcinoma basocelular y presenta distintas variantes clinicopatológicas. El subtipo carcinoma verrucoso (CV) es una variante poco frecuente de CEC con características histopatológicas y comportamiento específico. Ocasionalmente, se pueden observar componentes carcinomatosos de células escamosas convencionales en el CV, denominándose a esta entidad tumores "híbridos", los cuales representan el 20% de los casos observados. Reportamos el caso de un paciente varón de 72 años con una gran lesión exofítica que compromete 5to dedo y planta de pie derecho con diagnóstico de carcinoma escamoso híbrido. El objetivo de la presentación es mostrar una asociación infrecuente, haciendo énfasis en su seguimiento cercano ya que puede manifestar cambios en su comportamiento clínico diseminándose a los ganglios linfáticos regionales.

Abstract Squamous carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant tumor of the epidermis and its appendages. It is the second most common after basal cell carcinoma and has different clinicopathological variants. The verrucous carcinoma (VC) subtype is a rare variant of SCC with histopathological characteristics and specific behavior. Occasionally, carcinomatous components of conventional squamous cells can be observed in the VC, this entity being called "hybridized" tumors, which represent 20% of cases.We report the case of a 72-year-old male with a large exophytic lesion involving the 5th right toe and foot with a diagnosis of squamous hybrid carcinoma. The objective of the presentation is to show an infrequent association, emphasizing its close follow-up as it can modify its clinical behavior by spreading to regional lymphnodes.

A Case Report of AFP-producing Primary Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Significant Therapeutic Effect / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Primary lung squamous carcinoma that produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is rare and only four related cases have been reported so far. The specific reasons for elevated serum level of AFP and effective treatment regimens for AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma are not clear. This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma so as to provide some references for similar cases in clinical practice.@*METHODS@#The diagnosis and treatment of an AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma patient admitted to the Shandong Cancer Hospital on October 23, 2020 was retrospectively analyzed, and literatures were reviewed.@*RESULTS@#A 52-year-old male patient was diagnosed as T4N3M0 stage, IIIc right upper lobe lung squamous cell carcinoma with mediastinal lymph node metastasis and multiple metastases in the lung. The main tumor marker was abnormally increased serum AFP. After the rapid progression of two lines chemotherapy, the patient was given anlotinib combined with carrizumab as third-line treatment. The efficacy evaluation reached to partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) after 2 and 4 cycles of treatment, respectively. The treatment regimen was replaced with albumin paclitaxel plus carrizumab due to gastrointestinal bleeding after the fifth cycle. The patient's condition was under continuous control.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma patient had a good response to anlotinib and immunotherapy in the case report, which may provide some guidances for the clinical practice and the research on AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma.

Carcinoma Escamoso Escrotal. Reporte de un caso / Squamous scrotal carcinoma. Report of a case

Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 47 años quien consultó por cuadro de cicatrización tórpida de una lesión cutánea superficial única en hemi-escroto izquierdo. Se procedió a resección biópsica de la lesión con resultado de la anatomía patológica de un Carcinoma Escamoso del tipo Condilomatoso (Warty) el cual confirma su relación con el HPV 16 mediante estudio de inmunohistoquímica. Por ser un caso infrecuente no existe actualmente un consenso sobre el manejo del carcinoma del escroto motivo el cual se realiza una revisión de la literatura y se expone los resultados.

A case of a 47-year-old patient who consulted for torpid healing of skin lesion in left hemi-scrotum is presented. We proceed to resection-biopsy of the lesion and the pathology report informed a warty squamous cell carcinoma (Warty type) and the relationship with HPV 16 is confirmed by immunohistochemical study. As a rare case there is currently no consensus on the management of carcinoma of the scrotum reason that we do a review of the literature and the results are exposed.

Impacto de la invasión perineural en pacientes con cáncer de lengua tratados en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología / Impact of perineural invasion in patients with tongue cancer treated at the National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology / Impacto da invasão perineural em pacientes com câncer de língua tratados no National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology

RESUMEN El conocimiento de los factores pronósticos del carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello es de gran importancia, pues ayudan a predecir el futuro evolutivo de la enfermedad y a comprender hechos de su fisiopatología también, permiten comparar tratamientos, agrupar a los pacientes con pronóstico semejante, diseñar ensayos clínicos incluso, seleccionar el tratamiento ideal para cada paciente. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto de la invasión perineural en pacientes con cáncer de lengua tratados en el Instituto de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR) con un universo de 62 pacientes. Se tuvieron en cuenta variables como: edad, sexo, color de la piel, grado histológico, etapa clínica, tipo de lesión, técnica quirúrgica utilizada y factores pronósticos mayores. Se establecieron 2 grupos uno sin presencia de invasión perineural y otro con invasión perineural. El mayor número de casos se presentó en el grupo de 55-64 años en ambos grupos, con mayor incidencia del sexo masculino y color de la piel blanca. El carcinoma epidermoide bien diferenciado prevaleció en ambos grupos con 54,3 % y 50,0. La técnica quirúrgica más utilizadas en el grupo de pacientes con presencia de invasión perineural fue las glosectomías parciales más disección selectiva de cuello, los bordes de sección quirúrgicos positivos fue el factor pronóstico mayor más frecuente en los pacientes con invasión perineural con 56,3 % y significación estadística p=0,021. Las recaídas, local, regional y a distancia, estuvieron presentes en todos los pacientes que presentaron la invasión perineural estadísticamente significativo p=0,010.

ABSTRACT Knowledge of the prognostic factors of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is of great importance, as they help to predict the future evolution of the disease and to understand facts about its pathophysiology, they also allow comparing treatments, grouping patients with a similar prognosis, designing trials clinicians even select the ideal treatment for each patient. An observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the impact of perineural invasion in patients with tongue cancer treated at the Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology (INOR) with a universe of 62 patients. Variables such as: age, sex, skin color, histological grade, clinical stage, type of lesion, surgical technique used and major prognostic factors were taken into account. Two groups were established, one without the presence of perineural invasion and the other with perineural invasion. The highest number of cases occurred in the 55-64 age group in both groups, with a higher incidence of males and white skin color. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma prevailed in both groups with 54.3% and 50.0. The surgical technique most used in the group of patients with the presence of perineural invasion was partial glosectomies plus selective neck dissection, positive surgical section margins were the most frequent major prognostic factor in patients with perineural invasion with 56.3% and statistical significance p = 0.021. Relapses, local, regional and distant, were present in all patients who presented statistically significant perineural invasion p = 0.010.

RESUMO O conhecimento dos fatores prognósticos do carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço é de grande importância, pois ajudam a prever a evolução futura da doença e a compreender fatos sobre sua fisiopatologia, permitem também comparar tratamentos, agrupar pacientes com prognósticos semelhantes, delinear ensaios os médicos até selecionam o tratamento ideal para cada paciente. Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo, longitudinal e retrospectivo com o objetivo de avaliar o impacto da invasão perineural em pacientes com câncer de língua atendidos no Instituto de Oncologia e Radiobiologia (INOR) com um universo de 62 pacientes. Foram consideradas variáveis ​​como: idade, sexo, cor da pele, grau histológico, estádio clínico, tipo de lesão, técnica cirúrgica utilizada e principais fatores prognósticos. Dois grupos foram estabelecidos, um sem presença de invasão perineural e outro com invasão perineural. O maior número de casos ocorreu na faixa etária de 55 a 64 anos em ambos os grupos, com maior incidência no sexo masculino e na cor da pele branca. O carcinoma espinocelular bem diferenciado prevaleceu em ambos os grupos com 54,3% e 50,0. A técnica cirúrgica mais utilizada no grupo de pacientes com presença de invasão perineural foi glosectomias parciais mais esvaziamento cervical seletivo, margens de secção cirúrgica positivas foram o principal fator prognóstico mais frequente em pacientes com invasão perineural com 56,3% e significância estatística p = 0,021. As recidivas, locais, regionais e à distância, estiveram presentes em todos os pacientes que apresentaram invasão perineural estatisticamente significativa p = 0,010.

Study on Reversal Effect of Quercetin on Human Cervical Squamous Carcinoma Cisplatin-resistant Cell Line SiHa/DDP / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the reversal effect of quercetin on human cervical squamous carcinoma cisplatin-resistant cell line SiHa/DDP. METHODS ：The drug resistance index of cisplatin to SiHa/DDP cells ，and the reversal resistance multiple of quercetin to SiHa/DDP cells were determined. The effects of quercetin （0.005 μg/mL），cisplatin（2.5 μg/mL），cisplatin combined with quercetin （2.5 μg/mL cisplatin+0.005 μg/mL quercetin），quercetin combined with pathway inhibitor（0.005 μg/mL quercetin+ 20 nmol/L rapamycin ）on the apoptotic rate of SiHa/DDP cells were investigated ，as well as its effects on the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian rapamycin target protein （mTOR） signaling pathway related proteins （PI3K，Akt，mTOR，P-gp，p70S6K）. RESULTS ：The resistance index of cisplatin to SiHa/DDP cells was 5.19， and reversal resistance multiple of quercetin to SiHa/DDP cells was 4.00. Compared with cisplatin alone and quercetin alone ， cisplatin combined with quercetin ，quercetin combined with rapamycin could significantly increase the apoptotic rate of SiHa/DDP cells（P＜0.05），while decreased the phosphorylation of Akt ，mTOR and p 70S6K protein as well as the expression of P-gp protein （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Quercetin can effectively reverse drug resistance of SiHa/DDP cells to cisplatin ，which may be associated with inhibiting the expression of the protein related to PI 3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Effects of human-derived fibrin glue for preventing postoperative complications of endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal lesions / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of human-derived fibrin glue on prevention of postoperative complications of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in early esophageal squamous cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods:A total of 210 patients with early esophageal squamous cancer or precancerous lesions who underwent ESD at Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from April 2017 to April 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Seventy-three cases (79 esophageal lesions) where human-derived fibrin glue was used before retrieving endoscope were included in the observation group, while 137 cases (156 esophageal lesions) where fibrin glue was not used were included in the control group. The postoperative complications and pain were compared between the two groups.Results:Clinical data including general information, longitudinal length, Paris type, pathological type, invasion depth, circumferential range, area of resection, duration of operation and local steroid used were similar between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidences of perforation, delayed bleeding and esophageal stenosis in the observation group were 2.7% (2/73), 1.4% (1/73), and 16.4% (12/73), respectively, and were 2.9% (4/137), 1.5% (2/137), and 13.1% (18/137), respectively in the control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative pain in the observation group was 53.4% (39/73), which was significantly lower than that in the control group of 70.8% (97/137) ( χ2=6.302, P=0.012). The incidences of mild, moderate and severe pain in observation group on the day of ESD were 9.6% (7/73), 6.8% (5/73) and 5.5% (4/73), respectively, and 27.0% (37/137, χ2=8.724, P=0.003), 17.5% (24/137, χ2=4.554, P=0.033) and 0.7% (1/137, χ2=2.805, P=0.094), respectively in the control group. The incidences of mild, moderate and severe pain in the observation group on the first day after the operation were 26.0% (19/73), 5.5% (4/73) and 6.8% (5/73), respectively, and 29.2% (40/137, χ2=0.237, P=0.626), 14.6% (20/137, χ2=3.912, P=0.048) and 4.4% (6/137, χ2=0.193, P=0.660), respectively in the control group. The corresponding incidences on the second day after the operation were 5.5% (4/73), 0 and 1.4% (1/73) in the observation group and 19.0% (26/137, χ2=7.087, P=0.008), 2.9% (4/137) and 0 in the control group, respectively. Conclusion:Human-derived fibrin glue shows no obvious preventive effect on post-ESD bleeding, perforation or stenosis in early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. However, it can significantly reduce the incidence of ESD-related postoperative pain, especially the incidences of mild and moderate pain.

Carcinoma escamoso epicraneal metastásico con invasión parenquimatosa cerebral, a propósito de un caso / Metastatic epicranial squamous carcinoma with parenchymal brain invasion, apropos of a case

RESUMEN A nivel mundial se estiman que cada año se diagnostican aproximadamente 650 000 nuevos casos de cáncer escamoso de cabeza y cuello. Ocasionan 300 000 muertes y dos tercios de estos casos se originan en países en vías de desarrollo. Se presentó un caso de un paciente atendido en consulta a causa de crecimiento acelerado de la región frontotemporoparietal derecha, acompañado de sintomatología neurológica correspondiente a una afección funcional de los lóbulos parietal y temporal derecho. Se le realizó exámenes imagenológicos y biopsia por punción de la lesión, lo que arrojó un carcinoma escamoso como variedad histológica de la tumoración (AU).

ABSTRACT It is thought that around 650 000 new cases of head and neck squamous tumors are diagnosed in the world every year. They cause 300 000 deaths and two thirds of these cases are originated in developing countries. We presented the case of a patient who assisted the consultation due to the fast growth of the right frontotemporal parietal region, accompanied with neurological symptomatology corresponding to a functional disorder of the right parietal and temporal lobes. Imaging studies and a biopsy by lesion puncture were performed. It showed a squamous carcinoma as histological variant of the tumor (AU).

Analysis of risk factors for lymph node metastasis and prognosis in T1-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis of T1-stage esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESC). Methods    Clinical data of 387 patients with T1-stage ESC who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2013 to March 2018 were collected. There were 281 males and 106 females aged 60 (41-80) years. The patients were divided into a lymph node metastasis group (n=77) and a non-metastasis group (n=310). The risk factors for LNM and prognosis were analyzed. Results    Among 387 patients with T1-stage ESC, 77 (19.9%) patients had LNM. The incidence of LNM was 8.4% (8/95) in T1a-stage patients and 23.6% (69/292) in T1b-stage patients. Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, differentiation degree, depth of invasion and vascular tumor thrombus were associated with LNM (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that invasion depth of tumor [OR=2.456, 95%CI (1.104, 5.463), P<0.05] and vascular tumor thrombus [OR=15.766, 95%CI (4.880, 50.938), P<0.05] were independent risk factors for LNM. The follow-up time was 41 (12, 66) months. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 98.71%, 89.67% and 86.82%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in tumor invasion depth, vascular tumor thrombus and LNM between the survival group and the death group. Cox analysis showed that LNM [OR=3.794, 95%CI (2.109, 6.824), P<0.05] was an independent risk factor for prognosis. Conclusion    T1-stage ESC patients with deeper invasion or vascular tumor thrombus have a higher risk of LNM. The prognosis of T1-stage ESC with LNM is relatively poor.

Promotion of OIP5-AS1 expression by H3K27ac-induced radioresistance in esophageal squamous carcinoma / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective: Our study aims to investigate the radiation associated H3 modification in regulating OIP5-AS1 to lay foundation for developing therapeutic targets on reversing radiation resistance of esophageal squamous carcinoma. Methods: We recruited 137 ESCC patients from The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used for detecting the expressions of target genes. Wound healing assay and CCK8 assay were used to detect the migration and proliferation abilities. ChIP assay was used to detect the interaction between OIP5-AS1 and H3K27ac. Results: OIP5-AS1 was highly expressed in ESCC radiation resistant patients and promoted the migration and proliferation abilities of ESCC radiation resistant cells. H3K27ac was activated in ESCC radiation resistant cells and was enriched in the promoter region of OIP5-AS1. CBP was upregulated in ESCC radiation resistant cells; its inhibitor, C646, could suppress the enrichment of H3K27ac in the promoter region of OIP5-AS1. Results: OIP5-AS1 regulated radioresistance in ESCC. CBP promoted the interaction between H3K27ac and OIP5-AS1, thereby activating the expression of OIP5-AS1 and resulting in radioresistance.

A retrospective study of Xiaoyan Decoction combined with symptomatic maintenance in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Xiaoyan Decoction in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by retrospective study. Methods: Patients with NSCLC treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2013 to December 30, 2017 were collected. The patients were divided into two groups: Xiaoyan Decoction plus subtractive prescription combined with symptomatic treatment group (46) and symptomatic treatment group (50). Analyze the survival of the two groups of patients, compare the Karnofsky scores of the two groups, and analyze the sex, age, smoking history, drinking history, histological grade, chemotherapy regimen, pathological type, TCM syndrome type, vascular invasion, and soft tissue invasion Correlation with patient prognosis. Results: There was a significant difference in median progression-free survival (mPFS) between the two groups (P 0.05).The quality of life of patients in Xiaoyan Decoction plus subtractive prescription combined with symptomatic treatment group was significantly improved (P < 0.05), among which, lung squamous cell carcinoma, no vascular, no soft tissue invasion, and patients with phlegm heat obstruction of lung syndrome had the best efficacy (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Xiaoyan Decoction combined with symptomatic maintenance therapy can prolong median progression-free survival (mPFS) and improve the quality of life of patients with advanced NSCLC. The best beneficiaries are patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma, phlegm-heat obstructive pulmonary syndrome without vascular or soft tissue invasion.

Trichostatin A promotes the migration of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells by protein kinase C signaling pathway / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on the migration of human esophageal squamous carcinoma cells(ESCC) and the possible mechanism. Methods KYSE-150 cells and EC9706 cells were cultured and Transwell assay was performed to detect the role of TSA alone and combined with protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor AEB071 on cell migration; the images of morphology after cells treatment with TSA or combination of AEB071 with TSA; Western blotting was conducted to examine the protein level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related signaling molecules. Results TSA promoted the migration of ESCC cells significantly, and PKC inhibitor AEB071 partly inhibited the effect of TSA-promoted ESCC cells migration. Treatment with TSA resulted in the cell morphology transitioned from epithelia oval-like to mesenchymal spindle-like, indicating the EMT. AEB071 partially rescued ESCC cells morphological changes which TSA induced. Western blotting showed that TSA reduced the expression of E-cadherin and augmented the expression of vimentin, β-catenin, Slug and acH3, whereas AEB071 obviously blocked the EMT-related protein level changes which induced by TSA. Conclusion TSA promotes ESCC cells migration via inducing EMT process and the mechanism may be mediated by PKC signaling pathway.