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The present study was conducted to evaluate biochemical traits in leaves to assess the air pollution impact on plants caused by thermal power plant emissions. Ten species of deciduous trees were selected from study sites in different seasons. pH, chlorophyll, phenols, total soluble sugar content and proline content in fresh leaf was analyzed. The leaf wash pH content reveals moderately acidic (4.5-5.0) to highly acidic (3.5-4.5) range. Significant differences (p<0.01) were observed in chlorophyll content according to the seasons and sites. Maximum reduction in chlorophyll was noticed at 2.5 km and 5.0 km west from the power plant. Greater reduction in chlorop0hyll ‘b’ than chlorophyll ‘a’ was noticed. An increase in total soluble sugars and phenols was observed at sites closer to thermal power plant in comparison to control. Highest concentration of total phenols was found in summer season in Dalbergia sissoo (1.52 %), Butea monosperma (1.12 %), Mangifera indica (1.2 %), Tectona grandis (1.26%) and Acacia leucophloea (1.16 %) at 2.5 km north from the source. Highest concentration of soluble sugar was found in Dalbergia sissoo (7.75 %) during winter season. There was about 10-20 fold increase in proline content of leaves in comparison to the control.
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Aims: Depression and migraine are linked especially among women. Little previous research has focused on the potential association between ambient sulphur dioxide (SO2) exposure and emergency department (ED) visits for migraine, headache, depression, and anxiety. Study Design: Case-crossover design, in which case and control is the same person, was used as study design for daily recorded diagnosed ED visits. Ambient sulphur dioxide was considered as an exposure. Place and Duration of Study: ED data from five hospitals in Edmonton, Canada. The data were considered for the period: April 1, 1992 – March 31, 2002 (10 years). Methodology: ED visits from Edmonton for the four health conditions were analyzed separately using case-crossover methodology. A conditional logistic regression was applied to implement a time-stratified case-crossover technique. The models were constructed for a single (one) air pollutant. Weather factors (temperature and humidity) were adjusted using natural splines. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for an increase in an interquartile range of SO2 (IQR = 2.3 ppb). Results: For females, statistically significant positive associations were observed between SO2 exposure and ED visits for migraine and depression (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07, respectively). A positive association was observed for female ED visits for headache and anxiety. For males, ED visits for migraine were associated with ambient sulphur dioxide exposure (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08, for patients of age 20 to 60 years). Conclusion: A known link between migraine and depression has its mapping in responses to ambient air pollution. These results provide additional evidence to indicate that ED visits for depressive disorder and migraine may be associated with exposure to ambient sulphur dioxide.
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In the present study, ambient air quality of Rohtak city (Haryana) was monitored by High Volume Sampler .The selected parameters to judge the quality of air were Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide NO2), Ozone (O3) and Suspended particulate matters (SPM) which give a fair idea of pollution load carried by the air. The monitoring data were collected from six sites randomly selected in Rohtak city. Sulphur dioxide was found below the permissible limits of National Ambient Avo Quality Standards (NAAQS) at all the sites. Higher concentration of SO2 was observed during winter in comparison to summer and monsoon seasons. Nitrogen dioxide concentration was found to be above the prescribed standards of NAAQS at four sites in winter season. Ozone concentration was found below the prescribed standards (NAAQS), but its concentration was higher in summer season as compared to winter. Suspended particulate matter concentration was observed above the safety limits at all the sites in all three seasons.
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Objective To study the association between sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and daily mortality in urban population from Tianjin. Methods Data on daily concentration of inhalable particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, daily mean temperature and relative humidity, daily cause-specific death counts were collected. Generalized additive models was used to explore the relationship between sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and daily mortality, after adjusting the effects of long-term and seasonal trend, weather conditions, and to analyze the potential effect of particulate matter and model parameters on relative risk estimates. Results Results showed that the daily concentrations of SO2 and NO2 were significantly associated with daily non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality but not associated with daily respiratory mortality. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in SO2 was associated with 0.56%(95%CI: 0.23%-0.89%)non-accidental morality, 0.49%(0.06%-0.93%)cardiovascular morality, respectively. An increase of 10μg/m3 in NO2 was associated with 0.94%(95% CI: 0.17%- 1.70%)non-accidental morality, 1.29%(0.29%-2.30%)cardiovascular morality, respectively. Conclusion Our findings suggested that exposure to SO2 and NO2 was significantly associated with daily cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in urban population in Tianjin.
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Objetivo: quantificar os teores de dióxido de enxofre residual em camarão-rosa, consumidos em Belém, no estado do Pará, a fim de verificar se as concentrações presentes encontram-se dentro dos valores recomendados pela legislação vigente. Método: estudo analítico dos teores de enxofre residual em camarões por titulação iodométrica a frio, após prévia dissolução das amostras em meio ácido. Resultados: a concentração média de dióxido de enxofre residual nas amostras deFarfantepenaeus subtilis com exoesqueleto foi 501 ±104 ppm e sem exoesqueleto de 538± 117 ppm. Não se observou diferença estatística signifcativa (p>0,05) entre os teores médios de dióxidode enxofre resídual em função do exoesqueleto. Conclusão: as amostras analisadas apresentaram teores de dióxido de enxofre residual acima do limite máximo recomendado na legislação, isto é, 100 ppm. Os resultados indicam a possibilidade da exposição humana ao dióxido de enxofre viaingestão de camarão-rosa.
Objective: To determine the residual sulphur dioxide in Farfantepenaeus subtilis samples from Belém-Pará, and determine if the levels are in agreement with the official recomendations. Method: Analysis by cold iodometric titration after acid dissolution of samples. Results: The meanconcentration of residual sulphur dioxide in Farfantepenaeus subtilis samples was 501 ±104 ppm. The samples analyzed presented residual sulphur dioxide above the limit recommended and characterize the human exposure to this compound
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Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 94 pacientes asmáticos atendidos en el consultorio del médico de la familia No. 43 perteneciente al Policlínico Docente "Antonio Maceo" del municipio Cerro de Ciudad de La Habana. Durante un año (12 meses consecutivos) relacionamos las eventualidades diarias de su estado de salud con los siguientes contaminantes primarios de la atmósfera: dióxido de nitrógeno, dióxido de azufre y hollín. Las muestras fueron analizadas en el Laboratorio de Higiene del Aire del Instituto Nacional de Higiene y Epidemiología del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el entrecruzamiento de variables, regresión múltiple, el método de paso a paso del paquete estadístico SPSS/PC Plus. Se realizó la matriz de correlación lineal paramétrica. Se obtuvo una correlación directa significativa entre la coriza, la tos, las crisis de asma y los contaminantes primarios de la atmósfera.
A prospective study of 94 asthmatic patients receiving attention at the family physician's office No. 43 from the "Antonio Maceo" Teaching Polyclinic in Cerro municipality, Havana City, was conducted. During a year (12 months in a row) we related their daily health status to the following primary air pollutants: nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and soot. The samples were analyzed at the Air Hygiene Laboratory of the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health. The statistical analysis was made by using the intercrossing of variables, the multiple regression, and the step by step method of the SPSS/PC Plus statistical package. The parametric lineal correlation matrix was also calculated. There was a significant direct correlation among coryza, cough, asthma crises, and the primary air pollutants.
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Objective To assess the relationship between acute exposure to gaseous air pollutants (SO2, NO2) and daily mortality in Shanghai. Methods Semi-parametric generalized additive model was used to analyze the relationship between SO2/NO2 concentrations and daily death numbers from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2004 in the urban area of Shanghai after adjustment for the long-term trend of death, weather conditions, and "days of the week" effect. Results An increase of 10 ?g/m3 of SO2 could increase the total mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality and respiratory disease mortality by 1.25%(95%CI: 0.85%-1.65%), 1.45%(95%CI: 0.86%-2.04%) and 1.71%(95%CI: 0.72%-2.71%) respectively; as for an increase of 10 ?g/m3 of NO2, the mortalities could be increased by 1.04%(95%CI: 0.72%-1.35%), 1.05%(95%CI: 0.59%-1.51%) and 1.43%(95%CI: 0.65%-2.21%) respectively. Conclusion The air SO2, NO2 of present levels in Shanghai have an adverse effect on the daily mortality of residents.