ABSTRACT
Neurological diseases are common and frequent in clinical practices， which are the main reasons that affect the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients seriously. Tianma Goutengyin （TGY） is from the New Significance of Patterns and Treatment in Miscellaneous Diseases， which was compiled by a famous doctor， HU Guangci. TGY is widely used in clinical practice and has the effects of calming the liver and calming the wind， clearing heat and activating the blood， tranquilization， and nourishing the liver and kidneys. Clinical studies have confirmed that modified TGY can be used either alone or in combination with acupuncture or western medicine to treat dementia， headache， vertigo， hypertension， insomnia， Parkinson's disease， stroke， epilepsy， and other common neurological diseases， with significant curative effect， few side effects， and high safety. The main active constituents of single flavor drugs in the composition of TGY mainly include gastrodin， gastrodia elata blume polysaccharides， p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol， rhynchophylline， baicalein， leonurine， stachydrine， geniposide， 2，3，5，4，-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-Ο-β-D-glucoside， pinoresinol diglucoside， pachymic acid， β-ecdysteroid， avicularin， etc. It has been found that TGY and these constituents have the effects of ferroptosis inhibition， anti-apoptosis， anti-inflammation， and oxidation resistance， and they can regulate neurotransmitters and autophagy， reduce cerebral edema reduction， lower blood lipid and blood pressure， and improve blood circulation through multiple targets and pathways. This paper reviewed the clinical application of and the mechanism of the whole prescription and single flavor drugs of TGY in the treatment of neurological diseases， so as to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of TGY and offer ideas for the follow-up mechanism research of this prescription.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the effects and protective mechanism of Tianma Gouteng (TGY) against rotenone (Rot) damage in PC12 cells. METHODS: PC12 cells were treated with Rot to establish nerve injury model and cell survival rate was determined by MTT colorimetry to determine the optimal modeling concentration of Rot and effective intervention concentration of TGY. Lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by flow cytometry and fluorescence intensity was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The biochemical methods were used to detect, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) levels and activity and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA). Transmission electron microscopy observed morphological change of mitochondria and protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), long chain lipoyl-coa synthase 4 (ACSL4) and lysophospholipid cholinyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3) were detected by western blot. RESULTS: The survival rate of cells treated with 0.6 μmol/L Rot for 24 h was close to 50%(56.7%±9.9%). Pretreatment with TGY for 12 h could inhibit the damage of Rot. At the same time, the leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Lipid ROS content increased after the treatment of Rot, whereas pretreatment with TGY effectively reduced lipid ROS content, decreased MDA level and increased SOD activity and GSH level in damaged cells in cells damaged by Rot. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondria of PC12 cells were shrunk after the damage of 0.6 μmol/L Rot and the mitochondrial morphology of PC12 cells was improved to some extent after preprotection of TGY compared with normal group. Western blot results showed that TGY pretreatment could increase the expression of GPX4 and reduce the expression of ACSL4 and LPCAT3 after damage of Rot to a certain extent. CONCLUSION: TGY can improve nerve damage by up-regulating the expression of GPX4 protein, down-regulating the expression of ACSL4 and LPCAT3 protein to inhibit the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, reduce the level of lipid peroxidation and ROS content.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of Tianma Gouteng Yin (TGY) on the proliferation of myocardial fibroblasts of spontaneous hypertensive rat(SHR) stimulated by insulin. Methods The cardiac fibroblasts from one-day-old spontaneously hypertensive rat were primarily cultured and then sub-cultured to 3rd-6th generation,and were identified with light microscopy and immunohistochemical technique. The effect of serum containing TGY on the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts of SHR treated with insulin was determined by MTT colorimetric assay and 3-H-TdR incorporation,and the cell cycle was analysised with flow cytometer. Results TGY inhibited the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by insulin. Insulin can stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts by promoting the cell cycle transfer from G0/G1 period to S period and increasing the synthesis of cell DNA. Compared with the model group,the percentage of the cells at G0/G1 period was much higher,while the percentage of the cells at S period was much lower in TGY group. Conclusion TGY has the effect on inhibiting the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts and inhibiting the cell cycle transfer from G0/G1 period to S period,which may be one of its therapeutic and protective mechanisms for hypertension and myocardial fibrosis in clinic.