ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effect of DentalVibe on the level of pain experienced during anesthetic injections using 2 different techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized crossover clinical trial evaluated 60 patients who required 2-session endodontic treatment. Labial infiltration (LI) anesthesia was administered in the anterior maxilla of 30 patients, while inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) was performed in the remaining 30 patients. 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine was injected at a rate of 1 mL/min using a 27-gauge needle. DentalVibe was randomly assigned to either the first or second injection session. A visual analog scale was used to determine participants' pain level during needle insertion and the anesthetic injection. The paired t-test was applied to assess the efficacy of DentalVibe for pain reduction. RESULTS: In LI anesthesia, the pain level was 12.0 ± 15.5 and 38.1 ± 21.0 during needle insertion and 19.1 ± 16.1 and 48.9 ± 24.6 during the anesthetic injection using DentalVibe and the conventional method, respectively. In IANB, the pain level was 14.1 ± 15.9 and 35.1 ± 20.8 during needle insertion and 17.3 ± 14.2 and 39.5 ± 20.8 during the anesthetic injection using DentalVibe and the conventional method, respectively. DentalVibe significantly decreased the level of pain experienced during needle insertion and the anesthetic injection in anterior LI and mandibular IANB anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that DentalVibe can be used to reduce the level of pain experienced by adult patients during needle insertion and anesthetic injection.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Anesthesia , Anesthesia, Local , Lidocaine , Mandibular Nerve , Maxilla , Methods , Needles , Visual Analog ScaleABSTRACT
Couples with a spinal cord injured male partner require assisted ejaculation techniques to collect semen that can then be further used in various assisted reproductive technology methods to achieve a pregnancy. The majority of men sustaining a spinal cord injury regardless of the cause or the level of injury cannot ejaculate during sexual intercourse. Only a small minority can ejaculate by masturbation. Penile vibratory stimulation and electroejaculation are the two most common methods used to retrieve sperm. Other techniques such as prostatic massage and the adjunct application of other medications can be used, but the results are inconsistent. Surgical sperm retrieval should be considered as a last resort if all other methods fail. Special attention must be paid to patients with T6 and rostral levels of injury due to the risk of autonomic dysreflexia resulting from stimulation below the level of injury. Bladder preparation should be performed before stimulation if retrograde ejaculation is anticipated. Erectile dysfunction is ubiquitous in the spinal cord injured population but is usually easily managed and does not pose a barrier to semen retrieval in these men. Semen analysis parameters of men with spinal cord injury are unique for this population regardless of the method of retrieval, generally presenting as normal sperm concentration but abnormally low sperm motility and viability. When sperm retrieval is desired in this population, emphasis should be placed on initially trying the simple methods of penile vibratory stimulation or electroejaculation before resorting to more advanced and invasive surgical procedures.
ABSTRACT
Se evaluó la eficacia de la técnica de estimulación vibratoria del pene (EVP) para obtener semen en quince especímenes de S. leucopus bajo condiciones de cautiverio, en cuatro diferentes sitios en Colombia. Adicionalmente, se estandarizó la técnica EVP y se determinaron algunas características seminales (color, viscosidad, volumen, pH, motilidad, morfología, viabilidad, concentración y morfometría espermática). Se empleó clorhidrato de ketamina a dosis entre 5 y 10 mg/kg I.M. para la sedación previa al muestreo a fin de disminuir el estrés de la captura y del procedimiento, ya que los especímenes no estaban acostumbrados o entrenados para procesos de obtención de muestras biológicas. En el uso de la técnica se logró un 52,6% de éxito en la combinación de 90 Hz de vibración y 1 mm de amplitud; el tiempo de eyaculación promedio fue de 12:35±6:42 minutos; el pH, 7,5±0,26; el volumen, 24±18,82 µl; la motilidad masal fue de 3,7/5,0±0,5; la motilidad individual progresiva, 97,1±45,4%; la concentración espermática fue de 87.617±21.327 x 10(4) spz/µl; la normalidad fue del 69,3±11,06% y la viabilidad del 93,7±4,9%. Las características seminales fueron similares a las reportadas en otras especies de callitríchidos y obtenidas por la misma técnica. Se empleó satisfactoriamente el diluyente Talp-Hepes y el cual no afectó las características antes descritas. La EVP es un método innovador, replicable, viable y seguro para la obtención de semen en S. leucopus y a otros callitríchidos bajo sedación con ketamina en condiciones de cautiverio.
The efficacy of the penile vibratory stimulation (PVS) for semen collection was evaluated in fifteen (15) specimens of white-footed tamarin (S. leucopus), held in captivity, at four different locations. Additionally the technique was standardized for semen collection in this species and seminal characteristics, color, viscosity, volume, pH, motility, morphology, viability, sperm concentration and morphometry were also evaluated. Ketamine hydrochloride was used at a dose between 5 to 10 mg/Kg for sedation and semen sampling. The technique was successful in 52.6% of the animals using the combination of 90 Hertz of vibration and 1 mm of amplitude; time of ejaculation was 12:3 ±6:42 minutes. Seminal characteristics were: pH of 7.5±0.26; volume of 24±18.82 µl; masal motility of 3.7/5.0±0.5; progressive motility of 97.1±45.4%; sperm concentration of 87,617±21,327 x 10(4)spz/µl; normal morphology 69.3±11.06% and viability of 93.7±4.9%. Talp-Hepes extender was satisfactorily used and it did not appear to affect seminal characteristics. The PVS is an innovating, replicable, viable and safe method for obtain semen in S. leucopus and perhaps in other callitrichids under ketamine sedation and in captivity.
ABSTRACT
We had designed Repetitive facilitation exercises (RFEs) using a novel facilitation technique and showen its promoting effects on the functional recovery of the hemiplegica. Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for patients with disabilities is one of the most familiar forms of rehabilitative therapy. We applied balneotherapy or heat, vibratory sutimuli, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in new manner or in combination with RFEs for patients with hemiplegia. We observed beneficial effects of balneotherapy on controlling the spasticity of hemiparetic limb, and on the quality of life in patients with disability stroke and orthopedic disease, in addition to beneficial effects on Adipo-cytokines. These studies will develop new effective neuro-rehabilitation and contribute to welfares of the people.
ABSTRACT
We had designed Repetitive facilitation exercises (RFEs) using a novel facilitation technique and showen its promoting effects on the functional recovery of the hemiplegica. Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for patients with disabilities is one of the most familiar forms of rehabilitative therapy. We applied balneotherapy or heat, vibratory sutimuli, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in new manner or in combination with RFEs for patients with hemiplegia. We observed beneficial effects of balneotherapy on controlling the spasticity of hemiparetic limb, and on the quality of life in patients with disability stroke and orthopedic disease, in addition to beneficial effects on Adipo-cytokines. These studies will develop new effective neuro-rehabilitation and contribute to welfares of the people.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Although the aging process does not mean a morbid state, it is reported that the incidence of male erectile dysfunction is higher in the aged than in the young. One of important causes seems to be the functional changes of hormonal, vascular and nervous system. In addition the functional change of the sensory perception of penis can be another major cause of the erectile dysfunction in the aged male. We investigated the changes of the penile sensory perception function in the aged male. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected 90 men from age 20 to 76(average 43.6+/-17.0) who had no neuronal defect in past medical history and physical examination and measured the sensory perception threshold after giving the stimuli of vibration using the Biothesiometer and the stimuli of 5Hz, 250Hz, 2000Hz electrical currents using the Neurometer to the penile glans, penile shaft, scrotum, thigh and the index finger. RESULTS: All sensory perception thresholds of electrical stimuli in penile glans and penile shaft had no significant correlation with age(p>0.05). On the other hand, the sensory perception threshold of vibratory stimuli had a significant correlation with age in all of scrotum(r=0.59, p=0.0001), penile glans(r=0.58, p=0.0001), penile shaft(r=0.54, p=0.0001), thigh(r=0.43, p=0.0002) and index finger(r=0.38, p=0.0015), in which the stimuli threshold increased in proportion to age. The vibratory stimuli threshold had a higher significant correlation with age in penis, scrotum, penile glans than in thigh and index finger. CONCLUSIONS: The sensory perception threshold of vibratory stimuli elevated significant in the penile glans, penile shaft and scrotum. However, the sensory perception threshold of electrical stimuli showed no increase by the age. It is supposed that increased vibratory threshold of penile glans, shaft and scrotum may contribute to the pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction in aging male.