Percepção de aprendizagem on-line na disciplina de biomateriais / Perception of online learning in the biomaterials course

Com as universidades fechadas e a implementação do Ensino Remoto Emergencial, as atividades curriculares ocorreram através de plataformas digitais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a percepção de aprendizagem on-line na disciplina de Biomateriais da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense no período da pandemia. O questionário COLLES (Constructivist OnLine Learning Environment Survey) foi enviado individualmente por e-mail aos cinquenta alunos, apresentando 24 declarações divididas em seis quesitos: relevância, reflexão crítica, interatividade, apoio dos tutores, apoio entre os colegas e compreensão; e para cada declaração cinco opções de resposta: quase sempre, frequentemente, algumas vezes, raramente e quase nunca. Quarenta e um alunos responderam. A soma das médias obtidas em quase sempre e frequentemente foi de 87,2% para relevância, 70% para reflexão crítica, 33,9% para interatividade, 47,6% para apoio dos tutores, 44,2% para apoio dos colegas e 89,5% para compreensão. Concluiu-se que a relevância, a reflexão crítica e a compreensão apresentaram melhores resultados, enquanto a interatividade, o apoio entre os colegas e o apoio dos tutores demonstraram necessidade de aprimoramento. E apesar das limitações do ERE, a avaliação positiva dos alunos evidenciou esta modalidade de educação on-line como uma solução plausível.

With universities closed and the implementation of Emergency Remote Teaching, curricular activities took place through digital platforms. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of online learning in the Biomaterials course at the Dental School of the Federal Fluminense University during the pandemic. The COLLES questionnaire (Constructivist OnLine Learning Environment Survey) was individually sent via email to fifty students, presenting 24 statements divided into six aspects: relevance, critical reflection, interactivity, tutor support, peer support, and comprehension. For each statement, there were five response options: almost always, often, sometimes, rarely, and almost never. Forty-one students responded. The sum of the averages obtained for almost always and often was 87.2% for relevance, 70% for critical reflection, 33.9% for interactivity, 47.6% for tutor support, 44.2% for peer support, and 89.5% for comprehension. It was concluded that relevance, critical reflection, and comprehension showed better results, while interactivity, peer support, and tutor support demonstrated a need for improvement. Despite the limitations of Emergency Remote Teaching, the positive evaluation from the students highlighted this mode of online education as a plausible solution.

Autopresentación online auténtica: ¿cómo medirla?, ¿está relacionada con la personalidad, la salud mental y la conducta en línea? / Authentic Online Self-Presentation: How to measure it? Is it related to Personality, Mental Health and Online Behavior?

Resumen En este trabajo se analiza la autopresentación online auténtica (AOA): grado en que las personas se presentan de manera online de modo auténtico, sin distorsionar su modo de ser offline. Primero se diseñó una medida psicométrica para su operacionalización, y luego se estudió su asociación con aspectos psicológicos positivos (bienestar y satisfacción con la vida), negativos (síntomas psicológicos y uso problemático de internet) y rasgos de personalidad (normales, patológicos y positivos). Finalmente, se analizó un modelo explicativo en donde la AOA era mediadora entre la personalidad y aspectos psicológicos positivos. Se analizó una muestra de 384 participantes (46.6% hombres, 52.6% mujeres y 0.05% no binarios) con edad promedio de 28 años (DE=5.92) y una muestra adicional para el análisis factorial confirmatorio de características similares. Se obtuvo buena evidencia de validez (e. g., CFI = .917, SMRS = .059) y confiabilidad (α = .79, ω = .85) para una medida de ocho elementos. La AOA se relaciona positivamente con el bienestar y la satisfacción con la vida, y negativamente con la sintomatología psicológica y el uso problemático de internet. Se encontraron asociaciones positivas con todos los rasgos positivos y con extraversión, agradabilidad y responsabilidad. Se hallaron relaciones negativas con desapego y desinhibición. Los rasgos positivos resultaron ser los más explicativos de la AOA. Se halló que la AOA media la relación entre el rasgo de integridad y la satisfacción con la vida y el bienestar. Se destaca el rol primordial de los rasgos positivos en este tipo de conducta online y con los aspectos positivos asociados a la AOA.

Abstract In this study, we examined Authentic Online Self-presentation (AOSP): the extent to which individuals present themselves authentically online without distorting their offline personas. First, a psychometric measure was designed for operationalization, followed by an investigation into its association with positive psychological aspects (well-being and life satisfaction), negative aspects (psychological symptoms and problematic internet use), and personality traits (normal, pathological, and positive). Finally, an explanatory model was analyzed, with AOSP acting as a mediator between personality and positive psychological aspects. A sample of 384 participants (46.6% male, 52.6% female, and 0.05% non-binary) with an average age of 28 years (SD = 5.92) was examined, along with an additional sample for confirmatory factor analysis with similar characteristics. Good evidence of validity (e.g., CFI = .917, SMRS = .059) and reliability (α=.79, ω=.85) was obtained for an eight-item measure. AOSP was found to be positively related to well-being and life satisfaction, and negatively related to psychological symptoms and problematic internet use. Positive associations were found with all positive traits, and with extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Negative associations were found with detachment and disinhibition. Positive traits proved to be the most explanatory for AOSP AOSP was identified as mediating the relationship between the integrity trait and life satisfaction and well-being. We highlight the crucial role of positive traits in such online behavior and with the positive aspects associated with AOSP.

Dependencia al juego y apuestas en línea en estudiantes de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana seccional Bucaramanga / Gambling dependence and online wagering in students of the Pontificia Bolivariana University, Bucaramanga sectional

Resumen El juego patológico constituye un grave problema que afecta a toda la población, principalmente a los más jóvenes, considerando la población universitaria la menos investigada. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general caracterizar la dependencia al juego y las apuestas en línea en estudiantes de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana seccional Bucaramanga, así como identificar las variables sociodemográficas y presencia de dependencia al juego en la población estudiada. La metodología utilizada en el estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo no experimental, con un diseño de corte transversal y descriptivo y con un tipo de muestreo no probabilístico. Se obtuvo la participación de 366 estudiantes mayores de edad de pregrado y posgrado. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario Breve del Juego Patológico (CBJP), la versión colombiana del Cuestionario del Juego Patológico de South Oaks (SOGS) y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos. El análisis de los datos se hizo a través del software SPSS versión 27. Entre los resultados, se destaca que, de los 366 participantes, 110 apuestan en línea, y de estos, aproximadamente, el 30 % tienen posibles problemas de adicción al juego, según el CBJP; con el SOGS se muestra que el 31,8 % son probables jugadores patológicos. Hay mayor prevalencia del juego y apuestas en línea en hombres, y se destaca que la mayoría de las mujeres tienen ausencia de problemas con el juego; por el contrario, en hombres hay una prevalencia en algún problema con el juego.

Abstract Pathological gambling is a serious problem affecting the entire population, especially the youngest, considering the university population the least studied. The general objective of this study was to characterize gambling dependence and online betting on students of the Pontificia Bolivariana University, Bucaramanga sectional, as well as identify the sociodemographic variables and presence of dependence on gambling in the population studied. The methodology used in this study was a quantitative approach of non-experimental type, a cross-sectional and descriptive design, with a non-probabilistic type of sampling. The participation of 366 adult undergraduate and graduate students was obtained. The instruments used were the Pathological Gambling Brief Questionnaire (CBJP), the Colombian version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) and a questionnaire of sociodemographic data. The data analysis was done through the SPSS version 27 software. Among the results, it is highlighted that, of the 366 participants, 110 of these bets online, and approximately 30% have possible pathological gambling according to CBJP, with the SOGS it is shown that 31,8% are probable pathological players; There is a higher prevalence of online gambling and betting in men, it's highlighted that most women have no problems with gambling, on the contrary, in men, there's a prevalence in some problems with gambling.

Controversy on the CONVINCE study findings: the PRO take / Controvérsia sobre os achados do estudo CONVINCE: a perspectiva PRO

ABSTRACT The CONVINCE study, recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine, reveals a groundbreaking 23% reduction in the relative risk of all-cause mortality among end-stage kidney patients undergoing high convective volume hemodiafiltration. This significant finding challenges the conventional use of high-flux hemodialysis and offers hope for improving outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. While some controversies surround the study's findings, including concerns about generalizability and the causes of death, it is essential to acknowledge the study's design and its main outcomes. The CONVINCE study, part of the HORIZON 2020 project, enrolled 1360 patients and demonstrated the superiority of hemodiafiltration in reducing all-cause mortality overall, as well as in specific patient subgroups (elderly, short vintage, non-diabetic, and those without cardiac issues). Interestingly, it was shown that hemodiafiltration had a protective effect against infection, including COVID-19. Future research will address sustainability, dose scaling effects, identification of subgroups especially likely to benefit and cost-effectiveness. However, for now, the findings strongly support a broader adoption of hemodiafiltration in renal replacement therapy, marking a significant advancement in the field.

RESUMO O estudo CONVINCE, publicado recentemente no New England Journal of Medicine, revela uma redução inovadora de 23% no risco relativo de mortalidade por todas as causas entre pacientes renais em estágio terminal submetidos à hemodiafiltração de alto volume de convecção. Esse achado significativo desafia o uso convencional da hemodiálise de alto fluxo e oferece esperança de melhoria dos desfechos em pacientes com doença renal crônica. Embora algumas controvérsias cerquem os achados do estudo, incluindo preocupações sobre a generalização e as causas de óbito, é essencial reconhecer o desenho do estudo e seus principais desfechos. O estudo CONVINCE, parte do projeto HORIZON 2020, inscreveu 1.360 pacientes e demonstrou a superioridade da hemodiafiltração na redução da mortalidade por todas as causas em geral, bem como em subgrupos específicos de pacientes (idosos, HD de curta duração, não diabéticos e aqueles sem problemas cardíacos). Curiosamente, demonstrou-se que a hemodiafiltração teve um efeito protetor contra infecções, incluindo a COVID-19. Pesquisas futuras abordarão sustentabilidade, efeitos de escalonamento da dose, identificação de subgrupos especialmente propensos a se beneficiar e a relação custo-benefício. No entanto, por ora, os achados apoiam fortemente uma adoção mais ampla da hemodiafiltração na terapia renal substitutiva, marcando um avanço significativo na área.

Oral cancer: analysis of the clarity of publications in Instagram profiles of official health agencies in Brazil / Câncer bucal: análise da clareza das publicações realizadas em perfis do Instagram de órgãos oficiais de saúde do Brasil

Abstract This article aims to analyze the clarity and engagement measures of publications on oral cancer in the Instagram profiles of official health agencies in Brazil. An infodemiological study was conducted with 81 profiles. Data collected concerned content classification, account and media, manner of addressing the topic, number of posts, likes, comments, views and hashtags. The clarity of the educational publications was assessed with the Brazilian version of the Clear Communication Index (BR-CDC-CCI). Data analysis involved Spearman's correlation and the Mann-Whitney test (α = 5%). A total of 775 publications on oral cancer were found. The average BR-CDC-CCI score was 69.8 (SD = 15.5). The clarity of the information was adequate in 9.5% of the educational publications. Positive correlations were found between the number of likes and engagement (comments [r = 0.49], views [r = 0.96]), number of hashtags (r = 0.13) and year of publication (r = 0.21). Publications from the Health Ministry had a significantly higher BR-CDC-CCI score compared to the other profiles. Publications on oral cancer were correlated with engagement, year of publication and number of hashtags. Public agencies increased publications to reach the population, but the clarity of the content was low.

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar a clareza e as medidas de engajamento das publicações sobre câncer bucal nos perfis do Instagram dos órgãos oficiais de saúde no Brasil. Realizou-se um estudo infodemiológico com 81 perfis. Foram coletados dados sobre classificação do conteúdo, conta e mídia, abordagem do tema, número de postagens, curtidas, comentários, visualizações e hashtags. A clareza das publicações educativas foi avaliada pela versão brasileira do Clear Communication Index (BR-CDC-CCI). A análise dos dados envolveu a correlação de Spearman e o teste de Mann-Whitney (α = 5%). Foram encontradas 775 publicações sobre câncer bucal. O escore médio do BR-CDC-CCI foi 69,8 (DP = 15,5). A clareza das informações foi adequada em 9,5% das publicações educativas. Correlações positivas foram encontradas entre o número de curtidas e engajamento (comentários [r = 0,49], visualizações [r = 0,96]), número de hashtags (r = 0,13) e ano de publicação (r = 0,21). Publicações do Ministério da Saúde apresentaram escore do BR-CDC-CCI significativamente maior do que os demais perfis (p = 0,01). As publicações sobre câncer bucal foram correlacionadas com engajamento, ano de publicação e número de hashtags. Os órgãos públicos aumentaram as publicações para atingir a população, mas a clareza do conteúdo foi baixa.

O uso do Facebook com pais de recém-nascidos: uma revisão integrativa / The use of Facebook with parents of newborns: an integrative review / El uso de Facebook con padres de recién nacidos: una revisión integradora

Investigar e analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o uso do Facebook com os pais de recém--nascidos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada no segundo semestre de 2020, nas bases de dados Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Li-brary Online) e Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online). Amostra composta por 11 artigos, divididos em duas categorias. Foi evidenciado o uso do Facebook como forma de recrutamento de participantes e como suporte de apoio e compartilhamento de informações entre os pais dos recém--nascidos. No recrutamento, a utilização do Facebook foi eficaz, podendo ser um método viável de contatar usuários. Como suporte de apoio e compartilhamento de informações, a rede social também foi efetiva, devido à troca de experiência, apoio mútuo entre os usuários, disseminação de informações, facilidade ao usar a plataforma e alto engajamento dos participantes.

To investigate and analyze the evidence available in the literature on the use of Facebook with parents of newborns. This is an integrative review, carried out in the second half of 2020, in the Lilacs databases (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Health Sciences), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online). Sample composed of eleven articles, divided into two categories. The use of Facebook was evidenced as a way of recruiting participants and as support and information sharing between parents of newborns. In recruitment, the use of Facebook was effective and may be a viable method of contacting users. As support and information sharing, the social network was also effective, due to the exchange of experience, mutual support among users, dissemination of information, ease of use of the platform and the high engagement of participants.

Investigar y analizar la evidencia disponible en la literatura sobre el uso de Facebook con padres de recién nacidos, se trata de una revisión integradora, realizada en el segundo semestre de 2020, en las bases de datos Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Health Sciences ), SciELO (Biblioteca científica electrónica en línea) y Medline (Sistema de recuperación y análisis de literatura médica en línea). Muestra compuesta por once artículos, divididos en dos categorías. Se evidenció el uso de Facebook como forma de captación de participantes y como apoyo e intercambio de información entre padres de recién nacidos. En la contratación, el uso de Facebook fue efectivo y puede ser un método viable para contactar a los usuarios. Como apoyo e intercambio de información, la red social también resultó eficaz, debido al intercambio de experiencias, el apoyo mutuo entre los usuarios, la difusión de información, la facilidad de uso de la plata-forma y el alto compromiso de los participantes.

Habilidades sociales en estudiantes, adquiridas mediante indagación científica y gestión por procesos para la salud, con evaluación en línea

Fundamento: el desarrollo de habilidades sociales adquiridas mediante indagación científica en procesos de gestión para la salud por parte de los estudiantes que se desempeñan como docentes de Educación Física, así como su evaluación en línea son aspectos fundamentales, en la formación integral del personal, la mejora de la gestión por procesos y en la imagen corporativa de la institución. Objetivo: evaluar el estado de las actividades físicas para la formación de docentes de la entidad educativa. Métodos: se realizó una investigación no experimental con un diseño transeccional. Se efectuó un diagnóstico basado en la observación y la recogida de datos mediante la encuesta. La muestra estuvo constituida por el grupo de alumnos que se desempeñan como docentes. Se evaluaron dos variables en una de las cuatro dimensiones de la imagen corporativa. Resultados: la institución educativa carece de una imagen corporativa sólida, sin promoción de competencias digitales y habilidades sociales de los docentes. El 76 % de los encuestados calificó las habilidades sociales para el aprendizaje en la dimensión servicios ofrecidos al usuario con un nivel medio, el 14 % bajo y el 10 % alto. El 55 % calificó la gestión por procesos para la salud del usuario en un nivel medio, el 8 % bajo y el 10 % alto. La mayoría no percibió que la institución ofreciera variedad de servicios. Conclusiones: existe la necesidad de desarrollar las habilidades sociales adquiridas como una herramienta poderosa para ayudar a los estudiantes a gestionar sus necesidades y el cuidado de la salud.

Foundation: the development of social skills acquired through scientific inquiry in health management processes by students who work as physical education teachers, as well as their online evaluation are fundamental aspects, both in the comprehensive training of staff, the improvement of process management, and the corporate image of the institution. Objective: evaluate the state of physical activities for the training of teachers of the educational entity. Methods: the research was non-experimental with a transectional design. A diagnosis was made based on observation and data collection through the survey. The sample was the group of students who work as teachers. Two variables were evaluated in one of the four dimensions of corporate image. Results: the educational institution lacks a solid corporate image, without promoting digital competencies and social skills of teachers. 76 % of those surveyed rated the social skills for learning in the services offered to the user dimension with a medium level, 14 % low and 10 % high. 55 % rated process management for user health at a medium level, 8 % low and 10 % high. The majority did not perceive that the institution offered a variety of services. Conclusions: it's necessary to develop acquired social skills as a powerful tool to help students manage their needs and health care.

A cross-sectional study to evaluate uploader-based quality and reliability of content on YouTube about endometriosis

Background: Endometriosis is characterized by the development and presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterine cavity. Reflux of endometrial tissue fragments, cells, and protein-rich fluid into the pelvis during menstruation is considered the most important mechanism for the development of endometriosis, which is termed reflux menstruation. This study aims to assess quality and reliability of information on YouTube related to endometriosis.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of YouTube videos was conducted in April 2023. Videos related to endometriosis were searched by six authors, easy using one search term. Relevant videos in English or Hindi language of duration 1-20 minutes were included in the study. These were evaluated for type of uploader, popularity, type of content and lastly quality and reliability using global quality score (GQS) and DISCERN scores respectively.Results: The 67 relevant videos conveying Endometriosis related information had 21,620,808 views, 120,830 likes and 11,655 comments. Around 31 (46.3%) of videos uploaded were by doctors and health care organizations, outnumbering those uploaded by news channels 14 (20.9%), patients 5 (7.5%), and others 17 (25.4%). 59 (88.06%) of these videos described symptoms of endometriosis, and 67.1% presented the cause or etiology. A total of 47 (70.1%) of videos discussed information regarding treatment options.Conclusions: YouTube videos have a wide reach among audience. In this study it was found that there was no significant difference in the quality, reliability or video power index (VPI) of videos uploaded by different types of uploaders. It is important to ensure that content with high quality and reliability is available from qualified medical professionals and organizations; for viewers to understand their disease and take treatment decisions.

Atividade física na promoção da saúde: formação de estudantes de medicina durante ensino remoto / Physical activity in health promotion: medical students training during remote teaching

Na pandemia de COVID-19, tanto o isolamento quanto o fechamento temporário das academias impactaram no cotidiano das pessoas, incluindo na prática de atividade física (AF). Essa é essencial para a saúde, por isso, devemos incentivá-la. Estudantes de Medicina com tempo escasso e falta de estímulo curricular para AF, tendem a subestimar sua importância. O seguinte relato busca descrever vivências e impactos da disciplina "Atividade Física na Promoção da Saúde" em uma instituição de ensino superior no ensino remoto, sua relação com enfermidades e discussões sobre políticas de saúde. Foi perceptível impacto positivo para estudantes e familiares. A adesão dos pacientes à AF está relacionada ao estímulo despertado pelo profissional pelas linhas terapêuticas voltadas ao estilo de vida. Assim, sendo o currículo das escolas médicas inestimável, deve-se valorizar os efeitos da AF para os indivíduos. A disciplina foi um bom exemplo da importância e êxito resultante da conscientização do futuro médico ainda em graduação.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, both the lockdown and the temporary closure of gyms had an impact on people's daily lives, including the practice of physical activity (PA). This is essential for good health, so we should encourage it. Medical students, with limited time and a lack of curricular encouragement for PA, tend to underestimate its importance. The following report seeks to describe the experiences and impact of the subject 'Physical Activity in Health Promotion' at a higher educa-tion institution in remote teaching, its relationship with illnesses and discussions on health policies. A positive impact on students and their families was clearly noted in class. Patients' adherence to PA is related to the stimulus provided by the professional through lifestyle-oriented therapeutic lines. Therefore, since medical schools' curricula is invaluable, the effects of PA on individuals should be valued. The subject was a good example of the importance and success of raising awareness among future doctors while they are still undergraduates.

Representaciones sociales acerca de Instagram: Estudio cualitativo con adultos emergentes con diferente bienestar psicológico y autoestima corporal

Antecedentes existe una relación entre el uso de Instagram y diferentes influencias e interacciones con el bienestar y salud mental de este grupo etario. Objetivo Reconstruir las representaciones sociales acerca de la red social Instagram de adultos emergentes con diferentes niveles de bienestar psicológico y autoestima corporal. Método redes semánticas naturales y entrevistas semiestructuradas fueron aplicadas a N=12 adultos emergentes (19 - 27 años) divididos en dos grupos según sus niveles de autoestima corporal y bienestar psicológico. El análisis de datos estuvo basado en análisis de redes semánticas naturales y algunos procedimientos de codificación teórica. Resultados se muestra la presencia del concepto de "acoso" como núcleo central de la representación social de Instagram en el grupo con baja autoestima corporal y bajo bienestar psicológico, a diferencia del grupo con alta autoestima corporal y alto bienestar psicológico en donde el núcleo central fue "red social". Conclusiones en los grupos estudiados, se encontraron dos representaciones sociales diferentes respecto de Instagram. Estos resultados pueden ser relevantes para aportar a llenar el vacío de conocimiento sobre los significados subjetivos colectivos de los adultos emergentes, teniendo implicancias en la mejor comprensión de las diversas formas de relación que establecen con esta y otras redes sociales.

Background There is a relationship between the use of Instagram and various influences and interactions with the well-being and mental health of this age group. Objective To reconstruct the social representations of the Instagram social network among emerging adults with different levels of psychological well-being and body esteem. Method Natural semantic networks and semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=12 emerging adults (19 - 27 years old) divided into two groups based on their body self-esteem and psychological well-being levels. Data analysis relied on natural semantic network analysis and theoretical coding. Results The concept of "harassment" is revealed as the central core of the social representation of Instagram in the group with low body self-esteem and low psychological well-being, unlike the group with high body esteem and high psychological well-being where the central core was the "social network" itself. Conclusions Two different social representations of Instagram were found in the studied groups. These results could contribute to filling the knowledge gap about the collective subjective meanings of emerging adults, impacting the better understanding of the diverse relationships they establish with this and other social networks.

Modeling the number of clothing merchandise returned through online shopping using a mixture of Poisson distribution: an interdisciplinary approach

Background: Online shopping has witnessed a significant surge in popularity owing to its accessibility and convenience. The rise of online shopping has revolutionized the retail industry, with clothing purchases garnering a dedicated following. However, a persistent challenge in internet purchasing lies in the uncertainty surrounding the fit, appearance, and quality of clothing merchandise. As a result, customers often resort to returning items that fail to meet their expectations or differ from the website's descriptions. In this study, we aim to address this issue by proposing a novel approach to model the number of items returned through online purchases. Specifically, we employ a mixture of Poisson distribution to capture the complexities of the return process and its underlying factors. Methods: A mixture of Poisson distribution is employed to model the uncertainties in online clothing returns. The approach aims to capture the complexities of the return process and its underlying factors, providing valuable insights for e-commerce businesses to optimize operations and enhance customer satisfaction. Results: The findings of this study have the potential to shed light on the reasons behind increased return rates, offering e-commerce businesses valuable information to optimize their operations and enhance customer satisfaction. Conclusions: Poisson distribution is capable of analyzing the hidden patterns in the data, and hence the results of the study are beneficial for various stakeholders, including statisticians, e-commerce firms, and app developers.

Percepción de los residentes de Otorrinolaringología de Chile respecto a la adaptación de sus respectivos programas docentes durante la Pandemia Covid-19 / Chilean Otorhinolaryngology residents' perception regarding the adaptation of their respective teaching programs during Covid-19 pandemic

Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV2 ha significado millones de contagiados y fallecidos a nivel mundial. Esta situación epidemiológica ha implicado un profundo cambio en distintos niveles del quehacer diario. En medicina, ha afectado la práctica médica y docencia. Transversalmente, los programas de residencia han tenido que migrar a la modalidad online de docencia para la continuidad de la educación. Objetivo: Exponer la opinión de los residentes de la SOCHIORL respecto de las modificaciones que han tenido sus distintos programas de especialidad, con el uso de herramientas online de docencia. Material y Método: Estudio transversal con encuestas anónimas, online mediante la plataforma Google forms®; enviada a residentes de los distintos programas de especialidad pertenecientes a la SOCHIORL, entre los años 2018-2021. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 51 respuestas. El 92% refiere transición a actividades online. El 96% ha participado en evaluaciones en línea y 94% en reuniones clínicas, tan solo un 9,8% de teleconsulta. Las plataformas Zoom (98%) y Google Meet (51%) han sido las más utilizadas. Las reuniones clínicas y pruebas/evaluaciones fueron las actividades mejor valoradas; y la peor evaluada teleconsulta. Problemas con el horario (extensión o fuera de horario) y técnicos (conexión inestable, problemas de audio, cámaras) fueron los principales obstáculos. 71,4% refiere sobrecarga respecto a actividades online. El 88% estima más beneficiosa la modalidad mixta de formación. Conclusión: Las herramientas online han sido útiles para continuar con los programas de especialidad durante la pandemia. Probablemente sería beneficioso mantener modalidad mixta para las actividades mejor valoradas, incluso posterior a la pandemia.

Introduction: The SARS-CoV2 pandemic has meant millions of infected and deceased worldwide. This epidemiological situation has resulted in a profound change at different levels of daily basis. In medicine, it has affected clinical practice and teaching activities. In many cases, residency programs have had to transition to online teaching modalities for the continuity of education. Objective: Present the opinion of SOCHIORL residents regarding the modifications that their different specialty programs have had, with the use of online teaching tools. Material and Method: Cross-sectional study with online surveys using the Google forms® platform; sent to residents of the different specialty programs belonging to SOCHIORL, between the years 2018-2021. Results: 51 responses were obtained. 92% refer to transition to online activities. 96% have participated in online evaluations and 94% in clinical meetings, only 9.8% refer teleconsultations. The platforms Zoom (98%) and Google Meet (51%) have been the most used. Clinical meetings and tests/assessments were the best valued activities; and teleconsultation being the worst evaluated. Problems with the schedule (extension or after hours) and technical problems (unstable connection, audio problems, cameras) were the main obstacles. 71.4% referred overload regarding online activities. Mixed modality of training was considered more beneficial by 88% of respondents. Conclusion: Online tools have been useful to continue specialty programs teaching during the pandemic. It would probably be beneficial to maintain a mixed modality for the most valued activities, even after the pandemic.

Prevenção de comportamentos autodestrutivo na adolescência: influência das redes sociais / Prevention of self-destructive behaviors in adolescence: influence of social networks

A comunicação entre pais e seus filhos no período da adolescência é fundamental para propor uma estrutura psicológica, na qual pode-se permitir que o adolescente desenvolva uma autoestima forte e independente. Objetivo: identificar por meio de literatura o comportamento autodestrutivo em adolescentes que utilizam redes sociais e jogos digitais de modo demasiado. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de cunho exploratório com intuito caracterizado por meio de revisão bibliográfica, realizada através do Google Acadêmico, Fio Cruz (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os uni termos: "COMPORTAMENTOS AUTODESTRUTIVOS NA ADOLESCENCIA", pesquisado apenas no idioma português," ordenado por "data" de 2002 até maio de 2023. Resultado: Mediante as bases pesquisadas forem elegíveis (22) artigos, (2) revistas e (1) livro após os critérios estabelecidos ficaram apenas 05 artigos. Conclusão: Cabe aos profissionais da saúde bem como a equipe de enfermagem, seja na atenção primaria ou dentro do ambiente hospitalar estarem preparados e capacitados para prestar uma assistência de qualidade, realizar o acolhimento e uma escuta terapêutica de forma mais positiva.(AU)

Communication between parents and their children during adolescence is fundamental to propose a psychological structure in which adolescents can develop a strong and independent self-esteem. Objective: to identify, through literature, self-destructive behavior in adolescents who use social networks and digital games too much. Method: This is an exploratory study with a purpose characterized by a bibliographical review, carried out through Google Scholar, Fio Cruz (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation), Virtual Health Library (VHL), using the uni terms: "SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIORS NA ADOLESCENCIA", searched only in Portuguese," sorted by "date" from 2002 to May 2023. Result: According to the searched databases, (22) articles, (2) magazines and (1) book were eligible after the established criteria. only 05 articles. Conclusion: It is up to health professionals, as well as the nursing team, whether in primary care or within the hospital environment, to be prepared and qualified to provide quality care, embracement and therapeutic listening in a more positive way.(AU)

La comunicación entre padres e hijos durante la adolescencia es fundamental para proponer una estructura psicológica en la que los adolescentes puedan desarrollar una autoestima fuerte e independiente. Objetivo: identificar, a través de la literatura, conductas autodestructivas en adolescentes que utilizan demasiado las redes sociales y los juegos digitales. Método: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio con finalidad caracterizada por una revisión bibliográfica, realizada a través de Google Scholar, Fio Cruz (Fundación Oswaldo Cruz), Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), utilizando los términos uni: "CONDUCTAS AUTODESTRUCTIVAS EN LA ADOLESCENCIA" , buscado solo en portugués", ordenados por "fecha" de 2002 a mayo de 2023. Resultado: De acuerdo con las bases de datos buscadas, (22) artículos, (2) revistas y (1) libro fueron elegibles después de los criterios establecidos. sólo 05 artículos. Conclusión: Corresponde a los profesionales de la salud, así como al equipo de enfermería, ya sea en la atención primaria o en el ámbito hospitalario, estar preparados y calificados para brindar un cuidado de calidad, acogida y escucha terapéutica de forma más positiva.(AU)

Metodologias ativas no ensino da Prótese Parcial Removível durante a COVID-19: um relato de experiência da Universidade Federal da Paraíba / Metodologías activas em la enseñanza de Prótesis Parcial Removible durante laCOVID-19: relato de experiencia de la Universidade Federal da ParaíbaResumen / Active methodologies in teaching the Removable Partial Denture course during COVID-19: an experience report

Este estudo objetiva apresentar a experiência do componente curricular Prótese Parcial Removível (PPR) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba com a implementação de metodologias ativas, como gamificação, sala de aula invertida e case-based learning(CBL), no ensino à distância, visando sedimentar o aprendizado quanto ao planejamento de arcos parcialmente desdentados. As atividades foram realizadas de forma síncrona e assíncrona, utilizando como casos os esquemas bidimensionais e fotografias de arcosparcialmente desdentados, baseando-se no conceito de sala de aula invertida, no qual os alunos apresentavam os casos e os professores atuavam como mediadores nas discussões. Observou-se um grande engajamento e participação ativa dos alunos na construção do seuconhecimento. A inserção dessas metodologias no ensino remoto funcionou como um eixo motivacional para os alunos, fomentando a aprendizagem e estimulando o desenvolvimento de competências no planejamento em PPR previamente ao atendimento clínico (AU).

Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar la experiencia del componente curricular Prótesis Parcial Removible de la Universidade Federal da Paraíba con la implementación de metodologías activas, como gamificación, aula invertida y aprendizaje basado en casos, en educación a distancia, con el objetivo de consolidar el aprendizaje sobre la planificación de arcadas parcialmente edéntulas. Las actividades se realizaron de forma sincrónica y asincrónica, utilizando diagramas bidimensionales y fotografías de arcos parcialmente edéntulos como casos, basados en el concepto de aula invertida, en la que los estudiantes presentaban los casos y los docentes actuaban como mediadores en las discusiones. Hubo un gran compromiso y participación activa de los estudiantes en la construcción de su conocimiento. La inclusión de estas metodologías en la enseñanza a distancia funcionó como eje motivacional de los estudiantes, favoreciendo el aprendizaje y estimulando el desarrollo de habilidades en la planificación de la Prótesis Parcial Removible previa a la atención clínica (AU).

This study aims to present the experience of RPD course at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba using active methodologies such as gamification, flipped classroom and case-based learning (CBL) in distance learning, aiming to consolidate learning in planningpartially edentulous arches. Activities were carried out synchronously and asynchronously using two-dimensional schemes and photographs of partially edentulous arches as "cases" and based on the concept of the flipped classroom, where students presented the cases and the teachers acted as mediators in the discussions. Excellent engagement and active participation of students in their knowledge construction were observed. The insertion of these methodologies in remote teaching acted as a motivational axis for the students, promoting learning and stimulating development of competences in RPD planning prior to clinical care (AU).

Social media content analysis of public and private Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency facebook groups

Background@#As social media continue to grow as popular and convenient tools for acquiring and disseminating health information, the need to investigate its utilization by laypersons encountering common medical issues becomes increasingly essential. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to analyze the content posted in Facebook groups for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and how these engage the members of the group. @*Methods@#This study employed an inductive content analysis of user-posted content in both public and private Facebook groups catering specifically to G6PD deficiency. The G6PD Facebook groups with 10 or more posts within the past 12 months were selected for this study. Data were harvested from posts and comments using ExportComment. @*Results@#A total of 46 G6PD-related Facebook groups were identified. Of which, 19 were public and 27 were private groups, with an average membership of 5000-6000 accounts. After eligibility based on criteria and authorization for private groups, 3 public and 3 private groups were included, with the majority of these groups focused on sharing information. Five main themes of posted content were identified: diagnosis, management, beliefs, psychosocial factors, and medical requirements. “Diagnosis”-related posts referred to conversations about the causes and symptoms of G6PD, “management” referred to medication or diet, “beliefs” involved traditional or lay perceptions, “psychosocial factors” referred to posts that disclosed how psychosocial factors influenced G6PD deficiency practices, and “medical requirements” referred to documentation regarding the condition. The bulk of these posts used three strategies for communication: information-requesting, self-disclosure, and promotion of products/services. Information requests were the most common. @*Conclusion@#The results of the study showed opportunities and challenges in health education on G6PD, especially in evaluating the credibility and accuracy of the information given and received. Looking at the content and manner of communicating information noted, the newborn screening program may improve its advocacy and education campaign, and may develop targeted educational materials and effective dissemination strategies that could clarify, explain, or refute information and beliefs mostly shared on these platforms.

Development and Application of a Micro-device for Rapid Detection of Ammonia Nitrogen in Environmental Water / 分析化学

The analysis of ammonia nitrogen in real water samples is challenging due to matrix interferences and difficulties for rapid on-site analysis.On the basis of the standard method,i.e.water quality-determination of ammonia nitrogen-salicylic acid spectrophotometry(HJ 536-2009),a simple device for online detecting ammonia nitrogen was developed using a sequential injection analysis(SIA)system in this work.The ammonia nitrogen transformation system,color reaction system,and detection system were built in compatible with the SIA system,respectively.In particular,the detection system was assembled by employing light-emitting diode as the light source,photodiode as the detector,and polyvinylchloride tube as the cuvette,thus significantly reducing the volume,energy consumption and fabricating cost of the detection system.As a result,the accurate analysis of ammonia nitrogen in complex water samples was achieved.A quantitative detection of ammonia nitrogen in water sample was obtained in 12 min,along with linear range extending to 1000 μmol/L,precisions(Relative standard deviation,RSD)of 4.3%(C=10 μmol/L,n=7)and 4.2%(C=500 μmol/L,n=7),and limit of detection(LOD)of 0.65 μmol/L(S/N=3,n=7).The results of interfering experiments showed that the detection of ammonia nitrogen by the developed device was not interfered by the common coexisting ions and components,therefore the environmental water could be directly analyzed,such as reservoir water,domestic sewage,sea water and leachate of waste landfill.The analytical results were consistent with those obtained by the environmental protection standard method(Water quality determination of ammonia nitrogen-salicylic acid spectrophotometry,HJ 536-2009).In addition,the spiking recoveries were in the range of 92.3%-98.1%,further confirming the accuracy and practicality of the developed device.

Direct Determination of 23 Kinds of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Crude Plant Extracts by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Online Solid Phase Extraction / 分析化学

A new method for simultaneous determination of 23 kinds of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)(13 kinds of perfluoro carboxylic acids,4 kinds of perfluoro sulfonic acids,and 6 kinds of new substitutes)in plant leaf tissue by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)using automatic online solid phase extraction(SPE)to remove the matrix interference components in plant crude extracts was developed.The plant leaf samples were extracted twice with 1%formic acid-methanol solution,then evaporated to dry,redissolved with 70%methanol solution,and directly injected for analysis.After 23 kinds of target PFASs were purified automatically by online SPE with a WAX column,the six-way valve was switched to rinse PFASs onto an alkaline mobile phase system-compatible C18 analytical column.Then,the 23 kinds of target PFASs were separated within 16 min by gradient elution using a binary mobile phase system of methanol/water(Containing 0.4%ammonium hydroxide).Tandem mass spectrometry was performed in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode for online detection of various PFASs,and quantification was carried out by internal standard method.The results of the method validation showed that satisfactory average recoveries of 23 kinds of PFASs in plant leaf samples(64.2%-125.5%),precision(relative standard deviations(RSDs)of 0.7%-12.8%),linearity(R2＞0.990),and sensitivity(the detection limits(S/N=3)were in the range of 0.02-0.50 μg/kg)were achieved.Finally,this method was used to detect PFASs in the marine green tide algae(Enteromorpha prolifera)and several tree leaves,and a total of 6 kinds of PFASs were detected,in which PFBA was the main contaminant.Compared with the reported offline SPE methods,the proposed online SPE technique significantly simplified the sample pretreatment process and provided an automatic,simple,and environment-friendly method for the routine monitoring of legacy and emerging PFASs in plant tissues.

Exploration of online and offline mixed teaching methods in Medical Microbiology teaching / 沈阳医学院学报

Objective:To improve the teaching quality of Medical Microbiology by optimizing the teaching method,adjusting the teaching content and reforming the assessment model.Methods:The students of grade 2020 and 2021 of the same major were divided into the control group and the reform group.The control group received the traditional teaching method.The reform group received the"online + offline"blended teaching method,which integrates online learning resources and ideological and political education into the theoretical content of the curriculum.And the whole process assessment system was applied to the teaching method.The teaching quality was evaluated by the whole process examination results and questionnaire survey.Results:Compared with the control group,the score in the reform group was significantly improved(P＜0.01).Results of the questionnaire survey showed that students'satisfaction with the mixed teaching method reached 97.5% .The integration of hot issues of microbiology and curriculum ideological and political education significantly improved students'learning interest,and more students wanted to engage in the work of microbiology related fields in the future.Conclusion:The practice results show that optimizing the teaching method,adjusting the teaching content and reforming the assessment mode can stimulate the students'learning interest,improve the students'independent learning ability and improve the teaching quality.

Research on the robustness of Ethos cervical cancer online fully automatic generation of adaptive plans / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the robustness of fully automated adaptive planning for Ethos online adaptive radiotherapy (ART) based on the intelligent optimization engine (IOE).Methods:Clinical data of 11 stage ⅠB cervical cancer patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital between June 2021 and June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Original planning images and iterative cone-beam computed tomography (iCBCT) images of each radiotherapy treatment were acquired, and all patient data were imported into the Ethos simulator. IOE-based 9-field automatic plan generation was performed for 11 patients using Ethos, and the generated plans were sent to online adaptive radiotherapy simulation to obtain each online adaptive radiotherapy plan (273 fractions in total) and complete the simulated treatment. For comparison, manual plan design was performed based on the images and contoured structures used for online adaptive radiotherapy planning, and the manually plans created with evenly divided 9 fields. Dosimetric parameters, plan complexity parameters, and Mobius quality assurance (QA) pass rates were collected to compare and evaluate the robustness of the online adaptive radiotherapy plan in terms of organs at risk (OAR), target volume dosimetric parameters, and plan complexity by using paired t-test or rank sum test. Results:The online adaptive plan of cervical cancer had comparable planning target volume (PTV) coverage compared to the manual plan. For the clinical target volume (CTV) D 99%, online adaptive plan was significantly higher than the manual plan [(45.93±0.36) vs. (45.32±0.31) Gy, P<0.001]. For hot dose area, the maximum point dose (PTV D max) of adaptive plan was significantly higher than the manual plan [(49.89±1.25) vs. (48.48±0.77) Gy, P<0.001], but the PTV D 1% of adaptive plan was significantly lower than the manual plan [(47.22±0.29) vs. (47.59±0.48) Gy, P<0.001]. There was no statistical difference in the conformal index ( P=0.967). And there was significant difference in the homogeneity index, with same medians and less dispersion in adaptive plan ( P<0.001). For OAR dose, bladder D mean, rectal V 40 Gy, small intestine D mean of adaptive plan was slightly higher than that of the manual plan; the rectal D mean, small intestine D 2 cm3 of the adaptive plan was slightly lower than that of manual plan; dosimetric parameters of right and left femoral heads, spinal cord and bone marrow of the adaptive plan were better than those of manual plan. The adaptive plan had more monitor units (MU) than the manual plan, but the complexity of the adaptive plan was significantly lower than that of the manual plan (0.135±0.012 vs. 0.151±0.015, P<0.001). For Mobius γ pass rate (5%/3 mm), both adaptive and manual plans met clinical requirements. Conclusion:Ethos cervical cancer online adaptive plan, which is based on the IOE engine, demonstrates good robustness and ensures the quality of online adaptive plans generated for each treatment fraction.

Performance evaluation of Ethos intelligent optimization engine in automatic plan generation / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the automatic optimization performance and clinical feasibility of the intelligent optimization engine (IOE) in the Ethos online adaptive radiotherapy platform.Methods:Clinical data of 11 patients with postoperative cervical cancer treated with Halcyon accelerator were retrospectively analyzed. Manual planning was performed for all patients using the 4 full arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) (Manual-4Arc) in Eclipse, with a prescription dose of 45 Gy/25F. Patient images and structures were imported into the Ethos simulator, and appropriate clinical goals were added based on clinical requirements. The target coverage was normalized to 95%. Automatic plan generation was conducted using IOE, resulting in 7, 9, and 12 field intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans (IMRT-7F、IMRT-9F、IMRT-12F), as well as 2 and 3 arc VMAT plans (VMAT-2Arc、VMAT-3Arc). Dosimetric index comparisons were made between the Manual-4Arc plans and the 5 groups of IOE-generated plans through one-way analysis of variance. Based on the analysis results, Turky post hoc multiple comparisons were performed to evaluate the automatic optimization performance of IOE.Results:In terms of the high dose area, the IMRT-12F plans showed the lowest D 1% for the planning target volume (PTV), and there were significant differences compared to the Manual-4Arc plans ( P=0.004). Regarding target coverage, all groups produced clinical target volume (CTV) plans that met the clinical requirements. Although the Ethos online adaptive plans were normalized during planning, the PTV coverage was slightly insufficient. For organs at risk (OAR) close to the target, such as the bladder, there were significant differences in V 30 Gy, V 40 Gy, and D mean among the 6 groups of plans. The dose ranking for the bladder was generally as follows: IMRT-12F<IMRT-9F<Manual-4Arc<IMRT-7F<VMAT-3Arc<VMAT-2Arc. There were significant statistical differences in V 30 Gy and D mean for the rectum, and the dose ranking was generally consistent with that of the bladder, except for a switch between the IMRT-7F and Manual-4Arc plans. There were no significant differences in rectal V 40 Gy, small intestine D max, and D mean among the 6 groups of plans. For OAR distant from the target, such as the left and right femoral heads, spinal cord, and bone marrow, the dose ranking was generally as follows: IMRT-12F<IMRT-9F<IMRT-7F<VMAT-2Arc<VMAT-3Arc<Manual-4Arc. Conclusion:The plans automatically generated by Ethos IOE in postoperative patients with cervical cancer can achieve similar performance to manual plans, and the automatically generated IMRT-12F and IMRT-9F plans are recommended for clinical use.