ABSTRACT
Objective:To study on the quality regionalization of <italic>Angelica sinensis</italic>，in order to guide the rational cultivation of <italic>A. sinensis</italic>. Method:Through visits and field surveys，a total of 857 batches of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> were collected from different counties of Dingxi，relevant geographic information such as longitude，latitude，altitude of each sampling point were obtained by using the global positioning system（GPS），the content of 8 indexes in <italic>A. sinensis </italic>was detected by UPLC， and based on national ecological environment factor data，the suitability analysis of the quality of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> was performed by using MaxEnt，ArcGIS，SPSS. Result:The suitable areas of <italic>A. sinens </italic>were concentrated in central and southern Dingxi. In the suitable areas，the content of ferulic acid，coniferyl ferulate，senkyunolide H decreased from south to north，the content of chlorogenic acid decreased from north to south，the content of senkyunolide A，senkyunolide I decreased from east to west，the distribution regularity of butenyl phthalide was not strong，the highest-content areas were in western Min county，Qingyuan town of Qingyuan county，Shangwan Township and Huichuan town. The content of ligustilide was consistent in the suitable area，and the highest content were in the middle of Weiyuan county and the northern Tongwei county. The results showed that it had a higher index components and comprehensive quality in Min county，Zhang county，southern Weiyuan county and northern Tongwei county. Conclusion:In this study，the quality suitability areas of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> in Dingxi were graded. The chemical components and the quality suitability zoning maps were generated. The findings could provide references for the comprehensive utilization of <italic>A. sinensis</italic>，the selection and construction of high-quality <italic>A. sinensis</italic> raw material base，and the scientific guidance for the production and regional development of <italic>A. sinensis</italic> in Dingxi.
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Objective:To investigate the quality regionalization and environmental impact factors of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix based on main active ingredients，and provide a reference for the determination of high-quality production areas and the dominant environmental factors affecting the content of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix. Method:Partial least squares regression analysis (PLS) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to study the quality regionalization and environmental impact factors based on the main active ingredients of tetrandrine and fangchinoline, and investigate the environmental factors of the producing areas. Result:The content of fangchinoline was positively correlated with soil pH and annual average temperature，negatively correlated with latitude. The content of tetrandrine was positively correlated with soil pH，negatively correlated with annual rainfall and longitude. The total content was positively correlated with soil pH and annual average temperature，but negatively correlated with annual rainfall，latitude and longitude. Principal component analysis showed that the 50 production areas could be divided into four groups of quality formation. The groups with the highest scores were Shixing county in Guangdong，Shexian county in Anhui，Songxi county in Fujian，Nanxiong city in Guangdong and Xiangxiang city in Hunan，all of which were best areas for accumulation of the two main active ingredients. Conclusion:Soil pH，annual average temperature，annual rainfall，latitude and longitude are the main environmental factors affecting the main active ingredients of Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix. The best areas for accumulation of tetrandrine and fangchinoline are Shixing county in Guangdong，Shexian county in Anhui，Songxi county in Fujian，Nanxiong city in Guangdong and Xiangxiang city in Hunan.
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In this research, we collected information of eighty nine sampling points of Isatidis Radix nationwide through data query and field survey, and the medicinal component contents of samples were determined by HPLC. By using Maxent Model and ArcGIS, along with ecological factor data, the national habitat suitability distribution of Isatidis Radix was predicted. R-language was adopted to establish a model of the relationship between the medicinal component contents and ecological factors. The medicinal quality was divided by ArcGIS grid computing. The results indicated that the three main ecological factors affecting the distribution of Isatidis Radix were precipitation in the driest season, mean annual temperature and mean temperature in the wet season. The suitable cultivation region of Isatidis Radix is mainly distributed in the north of China, but the medicinal quality is quite different, Isatidis Radix in Xinjiang province has higher medicinal quality. This study provides a reference for rational selection of planting areas of Isatidis Radix.
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Maxent model was applied in the study to filtering the climate factors layer by layer. Polysaccharides and pseudostellarin B the two internal quality evaluation index were combined to analyse the interlinkages between climate factors and chemical constituents in order to search for the critical climate factors of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Then based on the key climate factors to explicit the quality spatial distribution of P. heterophylla. The results showed that polysaccharides and climatic factors had no significant correlation, suggesting that the indicator was not climate-driven metabolites. Pseudostellarin B could construct regression model with the precipitation. And quality regionalization results showed that pseudostellarin B content presented firstly increased and then decreased trend from southeast to northwest, which was the consistent change with precipitation. It clearly proposed that precipitation was the key climate factor, which affected the accumulation of cyclopeptide compound for Pseudostellariae Radix.
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The distribution, yield and sample information data of Pinus massoniana was obtained by document literature and sample investigation. Based on sample data from 12 provinces including 414 sample plots and environment factors in China,the distribution regionalization of P. massoniana was predicted by using Maxent and spatial analysis function of ArcGIS. The results showed that the northernmost distribution of P. massoniana was 33.5 degrees north latitude, and it mainly distributed in the southeast in China. Based on plant age, plant height, yield per plant and other growth index from 414 sample plots, combined vegetation form and other data, the growth regionalization of P. massoniana was carried out by using SPSS and related functions of ArcGIS. The results showed that Fujian, Guizhou and Guangxi had a lager distribution area of P. massoniana, meanwhile, it had a relatively higher yield of fresh pine needles. The relational model between environmental factors and shikimic acid,and procyanidin, and the total lignans was constructed by using SPSS regression analysis method. Then the spatial calculation function of ArcGIS was used tocarry out the quality regionalization of P. massoniana based on the relational model. The results showed that east of Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing had a good pine needles quality. Based on the distribution, growth and quality regionalization, the production suitability regionalization of P. massoniana was carried out. The results showed that the optimal planting base region mainly distributed in east of Sichuan, middle and east of Guizhou, and east of Guangxi.
ABSTRACT
The 79 samples of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix were collected based on the distributed information by document literature. Based on sample information, and using the regression model of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix index component and environmental factors, and combined with the prediction results of ecological suitability by MaxEnt and principal component analysis results of index component, the space distribution of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix was estimated with the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS. The results showed that it had a higher comprehensive quality in south of Shaanxi, south of Gansu, middle of Sichuan and southeast of Xizang. The study results were coinciding with the producing regions of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix. It can provide reference for Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix resource conservation, development and utilization.