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Objective To investigate the internal and external factors of scientific and technological innovations in pro-vincial maternal and child health care institutions and propose effective strategies for facilitating the innovations.Methods The PEST-SWOT model was used to analyze the internal strengths and weaknesses,external opportunities,and threats of the scientific and technological innovations in a provincial maternal and child health care institution from the perspectives of political,econom-ic,social,and technical environment.Results The institution has advantages and opportunities in policy support,scientific re-search management and investment,and disciplinary characteristics.However,it faces some threats and has disadvantages in tal-ent team,information-oriented level,and industrial competition.Conclusion The development of scientific and technological in-novation in provincial maternal and child health care institutions is affected by internal and external factors.It is necessary to firmly seize opportunities and comprehensively promote scientific and technological innovations from the aspects of medical treat-ment,teaching and research collaboration,discipline layout,talent team,and information-oriented construction.
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Science and technology ethics governance, how to put ethics first? The purpose of "technological innovation, ethics first" is to build an ethical soft landing mechanism for scientific and technological innovation. Researchers of science and technology ethics should start from the practice of international and domestic science and technology ethics governance, and explore the realistic way of science and technology ethics governance on the basis of understanding and thinking about the innovative culture, value orientation and operation mechanism. First of all, it should be noted that seeking technical, management and institutional solutions in the current ethical governance of science and technology may not be perfect and thorough, but operable management measures can be explored and continuously improved under the framework of mainstream scientific and technological innovation. Secondly, the co-governance of science and technology ethics needs to further explore the corresponding group co-governance epistemology facing pluralistic co-governance. Finally, the ethical governance of science and technology should pay attention to the principle of proportionality, and avoid both lax and being too strict.
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Objective:To analyze the key points and shortcomings of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)science and technology innovation policy in China,and to provide reference for the subsequent policy optimization.Methods:Searching for TCM science and technology innovation policy texts released at the national level since 2007,and use the two-dimensional analysis framework for quantitative analysis.Results:Among 27 policies,In the X dimension,supply-based,environmental and demand-based policy tools respectively accounted for 48.98%,39.29%and 11.73%.In the Y dimension,the proportion of scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation was the highest(29.03%);Promoting the development of integrated Chinese and Western medicine was the least used(1.08%).Conclusion:There is a structural imbalance in the application of policy tools,the distribution difference of policy objectives is significant,and the internal policy tools'usage is imbalanced regarding policy objectives.Suggestions:Optimize the internal structure of policy tools.Meanwhile,enhance the structure of policy objectives,and facilitate the dynamic integration and application of policy tools to achieve the policy objectives of scientific and technological innovation in TCM.
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Nowadays， both international and domestic scientific and technological innovation activities are facing different types and degrees of ethical risks， which bring many negative impacts to human society and even threaten the safety of individuals’ lives and properties. To further standardize the ethics review of science and technology， strengthen risk prevention and control， and promote responsible innovation， ten ministries and commissions jointly issued the Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） in September 2023. The Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） required that ethical review should be implemented for science and technology innovation activities in many fields， ethical review should be more practicable. It strengthened emergency management of major public emergencies， proposed that research institutions should establish risk assessment methods， new unorganized personnel can apply for entrusted ethical review， and an ethics committee certification system should be established. The Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） had outstanding highlights and distinctive features， clarified the responsible parties for scientific and technological innovation activities， strengthened their responsibilities and management of ethical review， introduced a management system for the list of scientific and technological activities， and created an expert review model for addressing the challenges of greater ethical risks. The interpretation and implementation reflection on the Measures for Scientific and Technological Ethics Review （for Trial Implementation） can provide a reference for the implementation of it， with a view to promoting the ethical review of science and technology as a normative force， as well as facilitating the upward and positive development of scientific and technological innovation activities for the benefit of humanity.
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In order to judge the future development trend of science and technology, plan ahead and lay out the frontier technology fields and directions, China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM) has launched consultation projects for collecting "major scienti-fic issues and engineering technology difficulties in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)" for the industry for three consecutive years since 2019. Up to now, 18 projects have been selected as major issues for research, and some experience and achievements have been made. These projects have been applied in important scientific and technological work such as scientific and technological planning and deployment at all levels of national, local, and scientific research institutions, the selection and cultivation of major national scientific and technological projects, and the construction of innovation bases, giving full play to the role of the think tank advisory committee of CACM. This study reviewed the selection of major issues for the first time, systematically combed its application in the national layout of science and technology, and put forward the existing problems and improvement suggestions, aiming to provide new ideas for further improving the selection of major issues and research direction, providing a theoretical basis and decision support for the national scientific and technological layout in the field of TCM, and promoting scientific and technological innovation to facilitate the high quality development of TCM.
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Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Inventions , China , Drugs, Chinese HerbalABSTRACT
In order to explore a suitable pathway for the scientific and technological achievement transformation at prefecture-level public hospitals, in October 2020, a prefecture-level tertiary hospital carried out the " 3+ 3+ 3" mode for scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation. A three-level management structure was established, consisting of the ministry of science and education, the working group on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the leading group. Three management systems were improved and formulated, including the " measures for reimbursement and rewards of scientific and technological achievements ", the " measures for intellectual property management", and the " implementation plan for promoting the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements". The management measures for the three stages of intellectual property protection, incubation of scientific and technological achievements, and transfer and transformation of achievements were improved. These measures provided organizational support, institutional support, and feasible paths for this practice. After nearly three years of practice, hospitals had reduced the number of low-quality patent applications, and the number and amount of scientific and technological achievements transformed increased from 1 achievement and 10 000 yuan in 2020 to 9 achievements and 320 000 yuan in 2022. This exploration could provide a reference for the transfer and transformation of professional scientific and technological achievements in prefecture-level public hospitals in China.
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Chronic disease management is a challenging issue in China. To address the needs of talents and mature innovation ecosystem related to chronic disease management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(FAH-SYSU) actively responds to the national strategy to promote the high-quality development of the hospital through strengthening strategic planning, top-level design, and systematic consideration. Precise management of chronic diseases was taken as key measure for the construction of a national medical center. With continuous exploration in establishing talent pool, innovation center and application platform, and chronic disease management system that focuses on core elements of talent and innovation, the FAH-SYSU Model for the precise management of chronic diseases has been initially formed.
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Science and technology ethics governance, how to put ethics first? The purpose of "technological innovation, ethics first" is to build an ethical soft landing mechanism for scientific and technological innovation. Researchers of science and technology ethics should start from the practice of international and domestic science and technology ethics governance, and explore the realistic way of science and technology ethics governance on the basis of understanding and thinking about the innovative culture, value orientation and operation mechanism. First of all, it should be noted that seeking technical, management and institutional solutions in the current ethical governance of science and technology may not be perfect and thorough, but operable management measures can be explored and continuously improved under the framework of mainstream scientific and technological innovation. Secondly, the co-governance of science and technology ethics needs to further explore the corresponding group co-governance epistemology facing pluralistic co-governance. Finally, the ethical governance of science and technology should pay attention to the principle of proportionality, and avoid both lax and being too strict.
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Objective To understand the current situation of pharmaceutical research development in China and provide a constructive thinking for universities to serve the national innovation strategy through the statistical analysis of pharmaceutical papers and highly cited papers from Double First-rate universities. Methods CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched for Chinese publications, and Scopus database was searched for English publications. Duplicates and non-research literatures were excluded. Excel 2016 software was used for statistical data analysis. Results By comparing the data from 2017 to 2019 with that from 2014 to 2016, it was found that the number of papers in Q1 area from international journals and Q2 area from domestic journals increased significantly. The popularity of publishing papers in international journals by university authors was increasing. The number of publications in domestic journals slightly decreased. From 2014 to 2020, 850 papers were published in domestic journals, among which 223 papers were highly cited, with a total cited times of 2 410 and an average cited times per publication of 10.81. Conclusion In spite of the government’s encouragement to publish the scientific and technological achievements in domestic journals, no such trend was formed from our analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to further build the corresponding academic ecology and enhance the international influence of domestic journals. The science and technology circles and technology publication circles in China should be deeply integrated to promote mutual development.
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This article is to investigate the role of international academic communication of pharmacology in scientific and technological innovation. The object, the organization mode and the characteristics of international conferences of pharmacology, as well as their effects on pharmacology, were researched and analyzed. As shown in the text, international academic communication plays a key role in promoting scientific and technological development, such as pharmacological theory and technological creativity, new drug research and development, talents cultivation , etc. On the basis of the analysis, this paper suggests how to promote scientific and technological innovation, talents cultivation, and international discourse power through international academic exchange.
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Scientific and technological innovation plays an important role in hospital development.The process of Scientific and technological innovation in hospital is a Complex Adaptability System made up of the interactions of multi-agents in research team and also the interactions between agents and their environmental conditions.After analyzing the CAS characteristics of hospital scientific and technological innovation system,the paper put forward the management strategies for research team.For example,set up hospital scientific and technological innovation system based CAS theory,explore new research management model,construct open scientific and technological innovation platform,and optimize collaborative mechanism.
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Objective To study the research model of scientific and technological innovation situation from the angle of information research-assisted scientific decision-making in order to transform information service to knowledge service in research library. Methods The research model of scientific and technological innovation situation was proposed on the basis of multi-source data, multi-dimension evidence and multi-methods after the connotation of scientific and technological innovation situation was elaborated, innovative activity research and development were monitored, and the innovative body competition was assessed. Results The following experiences were summarized according to the service provided based on the model: comprehensive research on biosecurity innovation situation based on multi-source data and multi-dimension evidence, importance attached to the combined scientometric a-nalysis and thinking tank report analysis when the research of precision medicine was placed in a priority position, attention paid to the mining of situation in network analysis, stress laid on the prospective and different development strategies in competition situation research of stem cells. Conclusion The research model of scientific and technological innovation situation is a new model of scientific and technological innovation and can adapt to the changing information environment and the transformation of scientific and technological information needs to scientific and techno-logical information innovation needs. Comprehensive re-search ability and language expression ability should be improved, and cooperation model and regular communica-tion systems should be established in order to improve the value of consultation research in decision- making.
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Objective To analyze the trend of scientific and technological innovation and propose strategies for development by study the general situation,distribution,dominant technology areas and protection conditions of patent applications from Beijing municipal hospitals during 2006-2015.Methods Collect basic patent information in 22 municipal hospitals to analyze the trend of scientific and technological innovation in municipal hospitals using technological development measurement method.Results A total number of 678 patent applications were filed from 22 hospitals from 2006 to 2015,shows patent applications increased a lot during the ten years.There are 390 valid patents among which medical devices,medical materials and preparation methods,enzyme or microbial testing methods are dominant areas of technological innovation.Conclusions The capacity of technological innovation develops rapidly in municipal hospitals.Research management departments should be more active in advancing technological innovation by strengthen patent management and promoting technology transfer.
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To analyze and summarize the current status of scientific and technological innovation of Guangxi TCM ethnic medicine, including the preliminary achievement and the main problems, and put forward to strengthening top-level design, discussing and formulating Guangxi TCM Scientific and Technological Innovation Development Plan, implementing innovation-driven development strategy, establishing innovation-driven development of interactive mechanism to optimize allocation of resources, and learning from the latest experience of innovation-driven led TCM industry to realize spanning development of Tianjin and Buchang Pharmacy, with a purpose to speed up scientific and technological innovation of Guangxi TCM ethnic medicine.
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Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medi-cine, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine served as the study object in this study.Their published patent data were recorded and analyzed in terms of the number and types of patent applications, the number of validated patents, and the distribution of patent technologies using the patent information service platform on China Intellectual Property Right Net in order to understand their scientific research level, innovative ability, and scientific research trends.Certain suggestions were put forward for the solu-tion of existing problems and for working out strategies for the protection of intellectual property right.
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A inovação tecnológica tem um importante papel no cenário econômico mundial, pois a inserção de novas tecnologias proporciona maior poder de competição dentro do mercado econômico e conduz à disponibilização aos consumidores de produtos e ser- viços de maior qualidade. Geralmente, a inovação está atrelada à propriedade intelectual, haja vista que o conhecimento passível de proteção será transformado em produtos e processos inovadores. A inovação decorre da atuação de vários atores, envolvendo o setor público e o setor privado e, para incentivar a atuação conjunta desses setores, o Estado atua implementando políticas de incentivo à geração de propriedade intelectual e inovação. No setor público destaca-se a atuação dos Núcleos de Inovação tecnológica - NlT's das Instituições Científicas e Tecnológicas - ICT's na proteção do conhecimento gerado e disseminação da política de propriedade intelectual. Diante de necessidade de formação de parcerias que conduzissem a uma troca de conhecimentos entre os núcleos das ICT's mineiras e de disseminação da política de propriedade intelectual de forma mais abrangente, em Minas Gerais, foi criada a Rede Mineira de Propriedade Intelectual. Dessa forma, resta evidente a importância da propriedade intelectual no cenário da inovação, bem como conduzir a uma maior interação entre a universidade e as empresas, esta última, responsável por transformar o conhecimento em tecnologia e serviços para a sociedade.
Technological innovation plays an important role in the world economic scenario, since the insertion of new technologies provides more competition power inside the economic market and leads to the availability of higher quality products and services for consumers. In general, innovation is related to intellectual property, because the knowledge that can be protected will be transformed into innovatiue products and processes. lunovation is a result of many actions inuoluing the public and privare sectors. To strengthen this joint action, the government implements policies uihich encourage the generation of intellec- tual property and innooation. In the public sector, lhe Núcleos de Inovoação tecnolôgica (Technologicallnnouation Centers) - NIT's of the Instituições Científicas e Tecnológicas (Scientitic and Technological Institutions) -IC7"s have ioorked prominent/y to protect knowledge and disseminate the intellectual property policy. The Rede Mineira de Proprie- dade Intelectual (Intellectual Property Net of Minas Gerais) was created due to the need for partnerships uihich lead to an exchange of knowledge antong lhe centers of the NIT's of Minas Gerais and disseminare the intelectual property policy iu a filare comprehensive way. Theretore, it is necessary Ia point out the significance of intellectual property in lhe contexl ot innovation and pursue a higher interaction between universities and compa- nies, because companies are responsible to transform knowledge into technology and services for society.
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Humans , Intellectual PropertyABSTRACT
Tacit knowledge is critical to a hospital's scientific and technological innovation, the basis for its survival and the major driving force for its sustainable development. It constitutes the bulk of a hospital's knowledge, including chiefly technological elements, cognitive elements, experience elements. emotional elements and belief elements, has priority among its various tasks, and is the basis for and the key to the development of individual and organizational abilities to innovate. The instruction on and inheritance of tacit knowledge plays a key part in the cultivation of innovative talents in a hospital. Thus hospitals ought to strengthen the management of tacit knowledge and realize its exchange and sharing through face-to-face communication, post rotation, the establishment of cross-disciplinary teams and electronic networks, and the coding of tacit knowledge.
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Proceeding from such perspectives as the development of medical science and technology,the prevention and treatment of diseases,and the needs of hospitals for self-development,the paper discusses the significance of building research-oriented hospitals.It also expounds the concept and intensional features of research-oriented hospitals in light of the successful experience of specialty hospitals that have developed through science and education,the development strategies and measures of research-oriented enterprises and universities,and the unique features of hospitals.At the same time the paper puts forward suggestions for appropriately handling certain relationships in the building of research-oriented hospitals.