Ruptured renal artery aneurysm in a pregnant woman: case report and literature review / Ruptura de aneurisma de artéria renal em gestante: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Abstract Renal artery aneurysms (RAAs) are rare and usually asymptomatic; ~ 90% of them are unilateral. Once diagnosed during pregnancy, they may rupture, presenting a high maternal-fetal risk. The present study reports the case of a 32-year-old pregnant woman with a 30-week gestational age and a ruptured unilateral RAA.

Resumo Os aneurismas de artéria renal (AAR) são raros, normalmente assintomáticos, e ~ 90% dos casos são unilaterais. Uma vez diagnosticados durante a gestação, estes podem se tornar predisponentes a rotura e apresentar elevado risco materno-fetal. O presente artigo relata o caso de uma gestante de 32 anos, com idade gestacional de 30 semanas e quadro de AAR unilateral roto.

Síndrome de Hughes-Stovin / Hughes-Stovin Syndrome, a case report

El síndrome de Hughes-Stovin es una entidad infrecuente caracterizada por trombosis venosa profunda y aneurismas de la arteria pulmonar, siendo su etiología y patogenia desconocida. Algunos autores la consideran una variante de la enfermedad de Behcet. Su curso natural es generalmente fatal. Se presenta con tos, disnea, hemoptisis, dolor torácico y fiebre. El tratamiento es con esteroides y agentes citotóxicos hasta la cirugía. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 41 años que consultó por disnea, hemoptisis y dolor torácico, llegándose al diagnóstico de trombosis venosa profunda de miembro inferior derecho, trombo-embolismo de pulmón y aneurismas de arterias pulmonares. Recibió tratamiento con corticoides en altas dosis y 6 pulsos de ciclofosfamida de 1 gramo durante 6 meses, con regresión completa de los aneurismas y de la sintomatología.

The Hughes-Stovin syndrome is a rare entity characterized by deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary artery aneurysms of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Some authors considered a variant of Behcet's disease. Its natural course is usually fatal. The symptoms are cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, chest pain and fever. The treatment goes from steroids and cytotoxic agents to surgery. We present the case of a 41 year old man who shows dyspnea, hemoptysis, and chest pain leading to the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis of the right leg, lung thromboembolism and pulmonary artery aneurysms. He was treated with high-dose corticosteroids and 6 cyclophosphamide pulses of 1 gram each per 6 months with complete regression of aneurysms and symptomatology.

Tuberculous abdominal aortic aneurysm with alimentary tract hemorrhage: a case report with medico-legal implications / 法医学杂志

An autopsy case of sudden death induced by alimentary tract hemorrhage was presented, which was caused by the unexpected rupture of clinically unrecognized tuberculous abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). The initial diagnosis was made of the syndrome of coronary heart disease and hypertensive disease. The detailed autopsy showed that the alimentary tract hemorrhage was caused by a sudden rupture of the mass after posture changing was ascertained as the cause of death. The diagnosis of TAAA was determined by the autopsy findings. Analysis for the medical dispute of TAAA was described, and the difficulty of the diagnosis and medico-legal implications were also discussed.

Ruptured true superficial femoral artery aneurysm / Aneurisma verdadeiro roto de arteria femoral superficial

Femoral artery aneurysms are rare and generally affect elderly patients. They are often diagnosed in combination with aneurysms in other locations, such as peripheral and aortic aneurysms. This case report describes a young patient whose superficial femoral artery (SFA) had a clinical presentation suggestive of a ruptured aneurysm. The patient underwent standard treatment, with aneurysmectomy and interposition of the ipsilateral saphenous vein. A review of the literature confirms the rarity of this case.

Os aneurismas de artéria femoral são raros e ocorrem geralmente em pacientes idosos. Estão frequentemente associados a outros aneurismas, tanto periféricos como de aorta abdominal. O presente relato refere-se a um jovem portador de aneurisma de artéria femoral superficial (AFS), cuja apresentação clínica foi a ruptura. O paciente foi submetido ao tratamento convencional, com ressecção do aneurisma e interposição de veia safena magna ipsilateral. A revisão da literatura corrobora a raridade do caso.

Initial Experience with the New Double-lumen Scepter Balloon Catheter for Treatment of Wide-necked Aneurysms

OBJECTIVE: A new double-lumen balloon catheter was being developed for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. The purpose of this study is to report our initial experience of a double-lumen balloon catheter for the treatment of wide-necked aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen patients (mean age, 63 years; range, 45-80 years) with wide-necked, with or without a branch-incorporated aneurysms, (10 ruptured and 9 unruptured) were treated with balloon-assisted coil embolization using a double-lumen balloon catheter (Scepter C(TM) or Scepter XC(TM)) for 7 months after being introduced to our country. Locations of the aneurysms were posterior communicating artery (n = 7), anterior communicating artery or A2 (n = 7), middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation (n = 3), basilar artery tip (n = 1) and anterior choroidal artery (n = 1). The initial clinical and angiographic outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: Coil embolization was successfully completed in all 19 aneurysms, resulting in complete occlusions (n = 18) or residual neck (n = 1). In one procedure, a thrombus formation was detected at the neck portion of the ruptured MCA bifurcation aneurysm near to the end of the procedure. It was completely resolved with an intra-arterial infusion of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (Tirofiban, 1.0 mg) without any clinical sequela. There were no treatment-related events in the remaining 18 aneurysms. At discharge, functional neurological state improved in 11 patients (10 patients with ruptured aneurysm and 1 with unruptured aneurysm presenting with mass symptoms) and 6 patients with unruptured aneurysms had no newly developed symptoms. CONCLUSION: In this preliminary case series, the newly developed double-lumen Scepter balloon appears to be a safe and convenient device for coil embolization of wide-necked aneurysms.

Coil-Protected Embolization Technique for a Branch-Incorporated Aneurysm

OBJECTIVE: A small branch-incorporated aneurysm is an aneurysm with a small branch incorporated into the sac or the neck. It is one of the most difficult aneurysms to treat with coil embolization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the coil-protected embolization technique for small-branch incorporated aneurysm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen aneurysms (2 ruptured and 12 unruptured) in 12 patients (mean age, 56 years, range, 40-73 years; 6 men and 6 women) were treated with the coil-protected embolization technique during the period between February 2007 and October 2011. Clinical and angiographic outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: All aneurysms were successfully treated without any complications during the procedure. Immediate post-treatment angiographies demonstrated complete or near complete occlusion in 12 and incomplete occlusion in 2 patients. Two patients had a delayed small embolic infarction in the relevant posterior circulation territory and middle cerebral artery territory 10 days and 14 days later, respectively, but both recovered completely or almost completely (modified Rankin scale score [mRS score], 0 and 1, respectively). During the clinical follow-up period (mean, 21 months; range: 2-58 months), all patients reported an mRS score of 0 (n = 10) or 1 (n = 2). Vascular imaging follow-up (catheter angiography: n = 3 and MR angiography: n = 8) was available in 11 aneurysms at 6-12 months. All 11 aneurysms showed complete occlusion except for 1 minor neck recurrence that did not require further treatment. CONCLUSION: In this series of cases, the coil-protected embolization technique seems to be feasible and effective in the treatment of small-branch incorporated aneurysms.

Ruptura espontánea de aneurisma de arteria renal duranteel embarazo: reporte de caso / Spontaneous rupture of renal arterial aneurism during pregnancy: case report

Se presenta un caso de ruptura espontánea del aneurisma de la arteria renal. Paciente de 30 años con embarazo de 30 semanas y dolor de fuerte intensidad, de aparición súbita y de carácter punzante en cuadranteinferior izquierdo. La exploración del útero y los anexos no se observaron anomalías macroscópicas. Se observó sangre en el espacio retroperitoneal izquierdo. La arteria renal izquierda mostraba una apertura que se comunicaba con un saco aneurismático, por lo que se realizó la nefrectomía

A case of spontaneous rupture of renal artery aneurysm is described in a 30 years-old patient with a 30 weeks pregnancy who consulted for presenting severe and acute pain in left inferior quadrant. Uterus and both adnexa examination did not show macroscopical anomalies. There was observed blood in left retroperitoneal space. Left renal artery showed and opening that comuncate to secular aneurysm, nephrectomy was done

Prevalence of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm on MR Angiography

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of incidentally found unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) on the brain MR angiography (MRA) from a community-based general hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospectively collected retrospective study, carried out from January 2004 to December 2004. The subjects included 3049 persons from a community-based hospital in whom MRA was performed according to a standardized protocol in an outpatient setting. Age- and sex-specific prevalence of UIAs was calculated. The results by MRA were compared with intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings. RESULTS: Unruptured intracranial aneurysms were found in 137 (5%) of the 3049 patients (M:F = 43:94; mean age, 60.2 years). The prevalence of UIAs was 5% (n = 94) in women and 4% (n = 43) in men, respectively (p = 0.2046) and showed no age-related increase. The most common site of aneurysm was at the distal internal carotid artery (n = 64, 39%), followed by the middle cerebral artery (n = 40, 24%). In total, 99% of aneurysms measured less than 12 mm, and 93% of aneurysms measured less than 7 mm. Direct comparisons between MRA and DSA were available in 70 patients with 83 UIAs; the results revealed two false positive and two false negative results. CONCLUSION: This community-hospital based study suggested a higher prevalence of UIAs observed by MRA than previously reported. These findings should be anticipated in the design and use of neuroimaging in clinical practice.

Unusual presentation of ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm

Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm [SVA] is caused by dilation, usually of a single sinus of Valsalva, from a separation between the aortic media and the annulus fibrosus. Indeed, a deficiency of normal elastic tissues and abnormal development of the bulbus cordis have been associated with the development of SVA. We report a 31-year-old man with unusual presentation of ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm

Ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm initially misdiagnosed as ventricular septal defect by echocardiography

Aneurysms of sinus of valsalva are rare cardiac lesions and most of them are in congenital origin. The malformation consists of a separation or lack of fusion between the media of the aorta and the annulus fibrosis of the aortic valve. The structure becomes aneurysmal and may rupture to form a fistula. We present a case of ruptured sinus of valasalva aneurysm in a 25-year-old man. The diagnosis was made by echocardiography and confirmed at operation

Ruptured aneurysm of extracranial carotid artery.

Aneurysm of extracranial carotid artery is an uncommon clinical disease and that presenting as a ruptured aneurysm is extremely rare. This entity represents a challenge to treatment strategy. A 54 year old hypertensive male presented with painful, pulsatile mass in left neck. Duplex scan revealed the ruptured left carotid artery at its bifurcation. Angiogram depicted clear picture of ruptured carotid artery aneurysm. Resection of aneurysm was performed with placement of external carotid shunt. Continuity was maintained with interposition of Dacron graft.

Aneurisma ilíaco associado a fístula arteriovenosa / Iliac aneurysm associated with arteriovenous fistula / Iliac aneurysm associated with arteriovenous fistula

A ruptura dos aneurismas aorto-ilíacos para a veia ilíaca ou veia cava é uma complicação pouco comum. A hipertensão venosa leva a vários sinais e sintomas, o que dificulta o diagnóstico pré-operatório, tais como edema do membro inferior, dispnéia, hematúria, sinais de insuficiência renal ou cardíaca. Sopro abdominal é a chave do diagnóstico clínico, associado à massa pulsátil e dor abdominal. O reconhecimento da fístula arteriovenosa no pré-operatório é importante para o planejamento cirúrgico. Relatamos um caso de aneurisma da artéria ilíaca comum e interna direita associado a fístula para veia ilíaca comum, cursando, inicialmente, com edema do membro inferior direito e dispnéia, o que levou ao diagnóstico incorreto de trombose venosa profunda.

Rupture of aortoiliac aneurysms into the iliac vein or vena cava is an uncommon complication. Many signs and symptoms develop as a result of venous hypertension, which makes preoperative diagnosis difficult, such as leg edema, dyspnea, hematuria, signs of renal or cardiac insufficiency. Abdominal bruit, associated with pulsatile mass and abdominal pain, is the key for clinical diagnosis. Preoperative recognition of arteriovenous fistula is important for surgical planning. We report a case of right internal and common iliac artery aneurysm associated with fistula into the common iliac vein. Initial symptoms were right leg edema and dyspnea, which induced to the incorrect diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.

Inferior mesenteric artery aneurysm: case report and literature review.

A 70 year old man presented with retrosternal and epigastric pain. He was in shock. The diagnosis on admission was acute myocardial infarction. CT scan of the abdomen showed coeliac and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion. In addition there appeared to be large collateral from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) with a retroperitoneal collection. He underwent emergency laparotomy and a ruptured IMA aneurysm was detected. The aneurysm was excised and the IMA was ligated. He developed progressive multi-system organ failure post operatively. We discuss the aetiology, presentation, diagnosis and treatment of IMA aneurysms.

Distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm: case report

A maioria dos aneurismas da artéria cerebelar posterior inferior (PICA) é geralmente encontrada na junção artéria vertebral (VA) - PICA. Aneurismas originando-se nos segmentos mais distais da PICA são considerados raros. A manifestação clínica em geral por hemorragia intracraniana, e o local desta está relacionado ao segmento que origina o aneurisma. Lesões localizadas em segmentos mais distais da PICA, em especial os originados do segmento telovelotonsilar, estão associados a hemorragias no sistema ventricular, particularmente no quarto ventrículo. Relatamos o caso de mulher de 50 anos de idade que desenvolveu quadro de cefaléia súbita e vômitos, com hemorragia nos quatro ventrículos, causada por ruptura de aneurisma localizado no segmento telovelotonsilar da PICA. Não havia sinais de hemorragia subaracnóidea na tomografia computadorizada de crânio. O aneurisma foi clipado e a paciente apresentou evolução favorável. Aspectos anatômicos e outras séries são revisados.

Ruptura de aneurisma da artéria poplítea: relato de caso e revisão de literatura dos últimos 50 anos / Rupture of a poplitea artery aneurysm: case report and review of the literature for the past 50 years

A ruptura é uma complicação rara dos aneurismas de artéria poplítea. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 75 anos com dor intensa e edema no membro inferior direito, que era incapaz de deambular. A investigação diagnóstica através de exame físico, ultra-som, tomografia computadorizada e arteriografia revelaram a presença de um aneurisma de artéria poplítea roto. Foi realizada a revascularização. O paciente não apresentou intercorrências e evoluiu com recuperação total da função de seu membro.

A Case of the Ruptured Splenic Artery Aneurysm Treated with Transcatheter Embolization / 대한소화기학회지

Splenic artery aneurysms are the most common visceral artery aneurysms, which are usually found incidentally. The most common complication of splenic artery aneurysms is spontaneous rupture into the peritoneal cavity, which leads to acute peritonitis and shock. Less commonly, it may rupture directly into the stomach, small bowel or pancreatic duct and may present with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. We report a rare case of the ruptured splenic artery aneurysm, presenting as acute massive hematochezia which was treated with transcatheter embolization.

Spontaneous rupture of a left gastroepiploic artery aneurysm.

Gastroepiploic aneurysms are extremely rare. They occur mainly in elderly men and in 90% of cases are ruptured at presentation. Visceral aneurysms though rare should be borne in mind in cases of unexplained haemorrhagic shock. We present a case of a 79-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain, hypotension and anaemia but no obvious source of bleeding. He had undergone a prior aorto-bifemoral graft. The patient refused an operation and died the following day.