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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(3): 583-588, May-June 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1278349

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of diseases in free-ranging wild canids that were roadkill on highways in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. PCR tests were performed for the detection of Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp., and Hepatozoon sp. in the spleen. Morphological evaluation and identification of parasites was performed in the liver and lung. Twenty specimens of C. thous were necropsied at the Animal Pathology Sector of the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Tissue samples were processed for histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. There was no PCR amplification of genomic DNA sequences of Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp., and Hepatozoon sp. using DNA extracted from the spleen as template. Histologically, lesions associated with parasitism by Platynosomum sp. and Angiostrongylus sp. were observed in the liver and lung, respectively. This is the first report of Platynosomum sp. and Angiostrongylus sp. parasitism in C. thous in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Therefore, this study demonstrated parasitism of crab-eating foxes by Platynosomum sp. and Angiostrongylus sp. Importantly, no evidence of infection with Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp., and Hepatozoon sp. was obtained by PCR analysis.(AU)


O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de doenças em canídeos silvestres de vida livre que foram atropelados em rodovias no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Testes de PCR foram realizados para a detecção de Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp. e Hepatozoon sp. no baço. A avaliação morfológica e a identificação de parasitas foram realizadaa no fígado e no pulmão. Vinte espécimes de C. thous foram necropsiados no Setor de Patologia Animal do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Amostras de tecido foram processadas para exame histopatológico e análise de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Não houve amplificação por PCR das sequências de DNA genômico de Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp. e Hepatozoon sp. usando-se DNA extraído do baço como modelo. Histologicamente, lesões associadas ao parasitismo por Platynosomum sp. e Angiostrongylus sp. foram observadas no fígado e no pulmão, respectivamente. Este é o primeiro relato de Platynosomum sp. e Angiostrongylus sp. parasitismo em C. thous no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Portanto, este estudo demonstrou parasitismo de cachorro-do-mato por Platynosomum sp. e Angiostrongylus sp. É importante detacar que não há evidências de infecção por Brucella sp., Babesia sp., Rangelia sp. e Hepatozoon sp. por análise de PCR.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Babesia/isolation & purification , Brucella/isolation & purification , Canidae/blood , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Autopsy/veterinary , Spleen/virology , Accidents, Traffic , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Liver/parasitology , Lung/parasitology , Animals, Wild/blood
2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 115: e200236, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1143304

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND Intermediate hosts are key organisms in maintaining parasite life cycles, because they can act as amplifiers in the transmission from natural reservoirs to humans. One of the most important groups of intermediate hosts for zoonotic nematode infections are gastropods,slugs and snails. These are essential organisms in the larval development of Angiostrongylus species. OBJECTIVES The objective of this paper is to review reports of Angiostrongylus spp. in naturally infected gastropods from the Americas, taking into account the diagnostic methods used in their identification, to be able to provide more accurate list of their intermediate hosts. We also discuss the factors that aid the dispersion of Angiostrongylus spp. in the Americas. METHODS This study reviews scientific publications and book sections on Angiostrongylus spp. in the Americas, including original works assessing larvae of Angiostrongylus in intermediate hosts. The eligible reports were classified accordingly to their geographical location, year of first record, and the larvae identification methodologies used. Digital repositories were used for the search. The bioecological characteristics of the main intermediate hosts are summarised. FINDINGS A total of 29 gastropod species that are naturally infected with Angiostrongylus spp. have been reported as intermediate hosts, 16 of which are land snails, two are freshwater snails, and 11 land slugs. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of integrative studies, analysing both the etiological agent and its transmission dynamic in the environment, the biological and ecological characteristics of the hosts, and the impact on host populations. It is necessary to increase interdisciplinary studies to determine the potential epidemiological health risk of angiostrongyliasis in the Americas, and thus be able to establish prevention, monitoring and contingency strategies in the region.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Snails/parasitology , Strongylida Infections/diagnosis , Gastropoda/parasitology , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Americas , Zoonoses , Angiostrongylus cantonensis , Disease Vectors , Gastropoda/physiology
3.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 53(4): 219-222, July.-Aug. 2011. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-598603

ABSTRACT

Human abdominal angiostrongyliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by ingestion of the L3 larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis. The human infection gives rise to a pathological condition characterized by acute abdominal pain, secondary to an inflammatory granulomatous reaction, marked eosinophilia and eosinophilic vasculitis. Most commonly this disease is limited to intestinal location, primary ileocecal, affecting the mesenteric arterial branches and intestinal walls. We present one of the few cases reported around the world with simultaneous involvement of the intestines and liver, including proved presence of nematodes inside the hepatic arteriole.


La enfermedad conocida como angiostrongiliasis abdominal humana es una zoonosis causada por la ingestión del estadio larval L3 de Angiostrongylus costaricensis. En el ser humano, esta infección provoca un estado patológico caracterizado por dolor abdominal agudo, secundario a una reacción inflamatoria granulomatosa; eosinofilia marcada y vasculitis eosinofílica. Comúnmente el cuadro se encuentra limitado a una localización intestinal, predominantemente ileocecal, que compromete las ramas de la arteria mesentérica y la pared intestinal. Presentamos uno de los pocos casos reportados alrededor del mundo con hallazgos simultáneos en intestino e hígado; se incluye la demostración histológica del nemátodo dentro de la arteriola hepática.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Humans , Male , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Strongylida Infections/pathology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology
4.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 16(2): 647-656, fev. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-582457

ABSTRACT

Em 1995, ocorreu uma praga de lesmas identificadas como Sarasinula linguaeformis (Semper, 1885), que prejudicou as lavouras situadas entre os municípios de Nova Itaberaba e Planalto Alegre, no oeste do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Neste artigo analisamos os impactos socioeconômicos provocados pela ocorrência desta praga, que sinalizou a possibilidade, posteriormente verificada, da emergência de casos de angiostrongilíase abdominal. Os dados foram coletados através de observação do estudo soroepidemiológico realizado na região durante o período de agosto de 2000 a agosto de 2001 pela equipe de pesquisa da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), entrevistas com técnicos da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina S.A. (Epagri-SC) e com cinquenta famílias locais. Para avaliar esses impactos, elaboramos algumas categorias de análise, como: prejuízo econômico; medidas preventivas e mudança de hábitos; estigma e preconceito, que surgiram à luz das narrativas dos sujeitos entrevistados. Ficou evidente a necessidade de se procederem a estudos sobre os aspectos sociológicos dos problemas epidemiológicos, além dos estritamente médico-sanitários.


In 1955 a population explosion of the slug Sarasinula linguaeformis (Semper, 1885) damaged crop plantations in the municipalities of Nova Itaberaba and Planalto Alegre, western of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. In this article we analyze the socioeconomic impacts caused by the emergence of this plague, which raised the suspicion, eventually confirmed, of the occurrence of human cases of abdominal angyostrongiliasis. The data were collected through the observation of a serological study during the period of August 2000 to August 2001 by a research team from the Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) together with field technicians from the Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina S.A. (Epagri-SC), and with the members of 50 local families. In order to analyze these impacts, we elaborated several analytical categories as economic losses; preventive measures, habit change and social prejudice, that emerged from the narratives of the residents interviewed. It became evident the need for sociological analyses of epidemiological problems, in addition to strictly medico-sanitary considerations.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Gastropoda/parasitology , Plants/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Strongylida Infections/epidemiology
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 59(4): 1086-1088, ago. 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-462213

ABSTRACT

Registrou-se a ocorrência de A. vasorum em C. thous no Estado de Minas Gerais, e estudaram-se aspectos de sua ecologia nessa população de hospedeiros. A partir da necropsia de seis espécimes, observou-se a presença de A. vasorum nos pulmões e átrio direito de C. thous. No total foram coletados 24 espécimes de A. vasorum, com prevalência de 50 por cento, abundância média de 4±4,47, intensidade média de 8±3,00 e razão sexual (machos/fêmeas) de 1:1,19. As infrapopulações de A. vasorum apresentaram padrão de distribuição espacial agregado (ID=5,70 e K=0,355). Este é o primeiro registro de A. vasorum em C. thous no estado, descrito no município de Juiz de Fora


Subject(s)
Animals , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Canidae/parasitology , Nematoda/parasitology
6.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 49(3): 197-200, May-June 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-454770

ABSTRACT

A proven case of human infection caused by Angiostrongylus costaricensis is reported for the first time in Venezuela. The patient was a 57-year-old female surgically operated because of signs of peritonitis with a palpable mass at the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. WBC count reported 16,600 cells/mm³, with 46 percent eosinophils. The tumoral aspect of ileocolic area and peritoneal lymph nodes prompted the resection of a large area of the terminal ileum, cecum, part of the ascending colon and a small part of the jejunum, where a small lesion was found. The pathology showed thickened areas of the intestinal wall with areas of hemorrhage and a perforation of the cecum. Histology showed intense eosinophil infiltration of the whole intestinal wall, granulomas with giant cells and eosinophils. Some of the granuloma surrounded round or oval eggs with content characterized by a large empty area, cells or embryo in the center, and sometimes nematode larvae. A cross section of an adult nematode worm was observed inside a branch of mesenteric artery. The intestinal affected area, the characteristics of the lesions, the presence of eggs in the submucosa with nematode larvae inside, and the observation of a nematode inside a mesenteric artery, makes sufficient criteria for the diagnosis of an infection by Angiostrongylus costaricensis.


Un caso comprobado de infección humana por Angiostrongylus costaricensis es reportado para la literatura por vez primera en Venezuela. El paciente fue una mujer de 57 años de edad intervenida quirúrgicamente debido a signos de peritonitis, con una masa palpable en la fosa ilíaca derecha del abdomen. El recuento de leucocitos reportó 16.600 células/mm³ con 46 por ciento eosinófilos. El aspecto tumoral del área íleocólica y las adenopatías peritoneales encontradas motivó la resección de un área grande del ileon terminal, ciego, parte del colon ascendente y una pequeña parte del yeyuno donde se encontró una pequeña lesión interpretada como metastásica. La patología mostró áreas engrosadas de la pared intestinal con zonas de hemorragia y perforación del ciego. El estudio histológico mostró una intensa infiltración eosinofílica de toda la pared intestinal, granulomas con células gigantes y eosinófilos. Algunos de los granulomas rodeaban huevos ovales o redondos con un contenido caracterizado por una gran área vacía, células o embriones en el centro, y en algunos casos una larva de nematodo. Un corte transversal de un verme nematodo adulto se observó dentro de una arteria mesentérica. El área intestinal afectada, las características de las lesiones, la presencia de huevos en la submucosa con larvas de nematodo dentro, y la observación de un nematodo dentro de una arteria mesentérica, aportan suficientes criterios para el diagnóstico de una infección por Angiostrongylus costaricensis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Female , Middle Aged , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Strongylida Infections/epidemiology , Strongylida Infections/diagnosis , Strongylida Infections/surgery , Venezuela/epidemiology
7.
J. bras. med ; 80(3): 40-2, mar. 2001. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-296438

ABSTRACT

Os autores revisaram 18.361 biópsias e peças cirúrgicas de patologia digestiva não-tumoral. Em 1.064 peças cirúrgicas do trato digestivo inferior foram observados 19 casos de angiostrongilose abdominal (AA). Relacionando estes casos com as intervenções cirúrgicas por complicações secundárias da doença de Crohn (DC), colite ulcerativa (CU) e tuberculose intestinal (TI), observou-se que a freqüência de AA em relação às patologias cirúrgicas citadas pode ser considerada como parasitose de importância cirúrgica regional


Subject(s)
Humans , Abdomen/parasitology , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Angiostrongylus/pathogenicity , Colitis, Ulcerative/parasitology , Crohn Disease/parasitology , Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/parasitology , Pathology, Surgical/methods
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 34(1): 95-97, jan.-fev. 2001. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-462065

ABSTRACT

Veronicellid slugs are the main intermediate hosts for Angiostrongylus costaricencis. In a rural locality in Nova Itaberaba (SC, southern Brazil) Sarasinula linguaeformis was identified as a crop pest. The parasitological examination revealed A. costaricencis infection in 43 out ot 50 slugs. The prevalence of 86% and the individual parasitic burdens are the highest sofar reported in Brazil and S. linguaeformis is the first species from the genus Sarasinula to be identified as intermediate host for A. costaricencis in southern Brazil.


Lesmas veronicelídeas são os principais hospedeiros intermediários de Angiostrongylus costaricencis. Em uma localidade rural de Nova Itaberaba (SC, no sul do Brasil) Sarasinula linguaeformis apresenta-se como peste agrícola. O exame parasitológico das lesmas demonstrou infecção pelo A. costaricencis em 43 de 50 animais. A prevalência de 86% e as cargas parasitárias são as mais altas registradas até o momento no Brasil e S. linguaeformis é a primeira espécie do gênero Sarasinula a ser identificado como hospedeiro intermediário do A. costaricencis no sul do país.


Subject(s)
Animals , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Snails/parasitology , Brazil , Rural Health
9.
Parasitol. día ; 23(3/4): 95-9, jul.-dic. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258102

ABSTRACT

El interés de los investigadores por el uso del roedor sigmodon hispidus como modelo experimental ha incrementado en los últimos años. Por ello y dado el poco conocimiento de las poblaciones de parásitos de las ratas de la región estudiada, se analizó la prevalencia de endoparásitos en ratas procedentes de zona de cultivo de piña de Alajuela. A 74 ratas capturadas se les registró el sexo, y a las hembras se les determinó su estado de gravidez. Se realizó una disección completa de los animales con revisión meticulosa de todos los órganos. Los contenidos intestinales fueron analizados al fresco y a los que resultaron positivos por ooquistes de eimeria sp., fueron colocados en una solución de dicromato de potasio al 2,5 por ciento para la maduración de los ooquistes. El 51,2 por ciento de las ratas estaban parasitadas por protozoarios y el 100 por ciento por helmintos, (nemátodos). Las prevalencias encontradas fueron: longistriata sp, 95,9 por ciento, angiostrongylus costaricensis 42,3 por ciento; eimeria sigmodontis 28,4 por ciento; trichimonas sp 23,0 por ciento; eimeria tuskegeensis 10,8 por ciento; eimeria roperi 5,4 por ciento y eimeria webbae 1,4 por ciento. La prevalencia de protozoarios fue menor de la que ha sido informada en estudios anteriores, posiblemente porque la zona analizadas está en vías de desarrollo urbano-industrial. La prevalencia de A. costaricensis, agente etiológico de la angiostrongiliasis abdominal y de longistriata sp fue muy elevada. Se notó una mayor prevalencia de protozoarios en hembras no embarazadas (60,5 por ciento) que en las embarazadas lo cual pareciera indicar una mayor resistencia de las madres ante estos parásitos en los períodos de desarrollo del feto


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Rats/parasitology , Sigmodontinae/parasitology , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Crop Production/parasitology , Eukaryota/isolation & purification , Helminths/isolation & purification
10.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 41(4): 225-8, July-Aug. 1999.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-246830

ABSTRACT

Third stage larvae (L3) from Angiostrongylus costaricensis were incubated in water at room temperature and at 5 §C and their mobility was assessed daily for 17 days. Viability was associated with the mobility and position of the L3, and it was confirmed by inoculation per os in albino mice. The number of actively moving L3 sharply decreased within 3 to 4 days, but there were some infective L3 at end of observation. A mathematical model estimated 80 days as the time required to reduce the probability of infective larvae to zero. This data does not support the proposition of refrigerating vegetables and raw food as an isolated procedure for prophylaxis of human abdominal angiostrongylosis infection


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Angiostrongylus/physiology , Strongylida Infections/prevention & control , Temperature , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Hot Temperature , Larva , Mice , Mollusca , Movement , Refrigeration , Strongylida Infections/parasitology
12.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1991 Jun; 22(2): 262-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-36350

ABSTRACT

Three members of a family developed eosinophilic myelomeningoencephalitis following ingestion of Pila snails. They were father, daughter and son and had similar clinical presentations. Two days after ingestion of snails, they developed a generalized itchy maculopapular rash followed by myalgia, marked paresthesia, fever and headache. Two days later there was weakness of the extremities which was progressive in severity involving the legs more than the arms. They later developed urine retention and cloudiness of consciousness. Two patients progressed to coma, one of whom died after 3 weeks and the other died at home 9 months after the onset. Autopsy of the fatal case revealed multiple tracks and cavities with the presence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the brain and various levels of the spinal cord.


Subject(s)
Adult , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Animals , Eosinophilia/parasitology , Female , Food Parasitology , Humans , Male , Meningoencephalitis/parasitology , Middle Aged , Nematode Infections/parasitology , Paresthesia , Pruritus , Snails/parasitology
13.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 32(3): 147-50, maio-jun. 1990. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-103587

ABSTRACT

Um número de casos angiostrongilíase abdeominal tem sido detectado no sul do Brasil. O principal hospedeiro do Angiostrongylus costaricensis na América Central, o rato do algodäo (Sigmodon hispidus), näo ocorre na América do Sul, exceto no norte do Peru, Colômbia e Venezuela. Foram realizadas capturas na área endêmica do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), visando identificar hospedeiros para obtençäo de vermes em laboratório e produçäo de antígeno. Pela primeira vez no Brasil foi constatada a infecçäo em roedores: Oryzomys nigripes e Oryzomys ratticeps. O nigripes é um roedor silvestre de pequeno porte e parece ser o principal hospedeiro definitivo do A. costaricensis na regiäo serrana do RS


Subject(s)
Animals , Angiostrongylus/physiology , Sigmodontinae/parasitology , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Brazil , Host-Parasite Interactions
14.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 1989 Mar; 20(1): 109-17
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-33211

ABSTRACT

Anti-larval effects of levamisole were examined on A. cantonensis in rats and A. costaricensis in mice. 1) In rats inoculated with 40 infective larvae of A. cantonensis: Compared with a non-treated control group, a significant reduction in number of worms recovered was seen in the group receiving a single dose of 1.0 mg/kg or more. A significant decrease in host lung-body weight ratio was seen in the group receiving drug of 3.0 mg/kg or more. 2) In mice inoculated with 20 infective larvae of A. costaricensis. In the non-treated control group, a severe loss in body weight and death of host animals were observed. A single dose of 30 mg/kg on 3, 4 or 5 days post-infection remarkably inhibited these changes. At 30 mg/kg for 3 or 7 days levamisole was more effective than a single dose of the drug. These results suggest that levamisole has conspicuous in vivo effects against larval stages of A. costaricensis as well as A. cantonensis.


Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Levamisole/therapeutic use , Male , Mice , Nematode Infections/drug therapy , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains
15.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 84(1): 65-8, jan.-mar. 1989. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-77483

ABSTRACT

Moluscos coletados em cinco localidades no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil) foram digeridos e examinados. As lesmas infectadas foram identificadas como Phyllocaulis variegatus e as larvas encontradas foram inoculadas per os em camundongos albinos. Após 50 dias, parasitos com as características de A. costaricensis foram recuperados do sistema arterial mesentérico. Estes resultados estabelecem o papel do P. variegatus como hospedeiro intermediário de A. costaricensis no sul do Brasil, onde diversos casos de angiostrongilíase abdominal têm sido diagnosticados


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Male , Female , Angiostrongylus/physiology , Mollusca/parasitology , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Brazil
16.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 82(1): 29-36, jan.-mar. 1987. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-42713

ABSTRACT

Apresenta-se o estudo clínico e anatomopatológico de seis caso de angiostrongiloidíase abdominal, observados no sudoeste do Paraná e oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Enfatiza-se a importância da divulgaçäo da doença, a fim de que a mesma passe a fazer parte do diagnóstico diferencial do abdômen agudo, tanto em crianças como em adultos na citada regiäo, devido ao aumento do número de casos nos últimos dois anos. O uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos na lavoura talvez esteja implicado com o surgimento, em maior escala, desta patologia


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Abdomen, Acute/diagnosis , Nematode Infections/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Brazil , Colonic Diseases , Colonic Diseases/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Intestine, Large/pathology , Nematode Infections/pathology
17.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 80(2): 233-5, abr.-jun. 1985. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-27456

ABSTRACT

Foi identificado Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) colhido da artéria pulmonar de dois cäes (Canis familiaris) procedentes do município de Caratinga, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. É apresentada a descriçäo morfológicas do parasita. Esta é a primeira referência desse parasita no Estado de Minas Gerais


Subject(s)
Dogs , Animals , Male , Female , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Pulmonary Artery/parasitology , Angiostrongylus/anatomy & histology , Brazil
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