Baixa visão secundária a osteoma de coroide / Reduced vision caused by choroid osteoma

RESUMO Relatamos um caso de osteoma de coroide em uma paciente feminina de 25 anos. Apresentava uma lesão amarelada e elevada no polo posterior, característica da lesão tumoral. O diagnóstico foi confirmado com a ultrassonografia ocular. A paciente apresentava baixa acuidade visual e edema de mácula, que melhorou após injeção intravítrea de bevacizumab.

ABSTRACT The authors present a case of choroidal osteoma diagnosed in a 25-year-old female patient. A well-defined and slightly elevated yellow lesion located in the posterior pole of the right eye was suspected to be a tumor. Confirmation of diagnosis was obtained with A and B ecography. The patient had low vision and macular edema, which improved after intraocular injection of bevacizumab .

Lung Cancer Presenting with Choroidal Metastasis in a Pregnant Woman.

A 28-year-old, non-smoker pregnant woman who was initially diagnosed to have deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism earlier in pregnancy, presented at 22 weeks of gestation with dyspnoea, visual loss initially in the right eye and then in the left eye. Fundoscopic examination revealed metastatic foci, suggestive of choroid metastases. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a right hilar mass. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoscopic biopsy confirmed lung adenocarcinoma. As the patient and family wished to continue with the pregnancy, chemotherapy with cisplatin and was administered from the 31st week of pregnancy and she had undergone Caesarian section in the 32nd week and the baby was healthy. We report this case as it is probably the first reported case of lung cancer presenting with choroidal metastasis in a pregnant woman.

Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Intravitreal Bevacizumab in a Patient with Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Choroidal Osteoma

Choroidal osteoma is a benign ossified tumor that is found predominantly in healthy young women during their second and third decades of life. The lesions are white-to-cream or orange in color, are located in the peripapillary and macular areas, and are unilateral in most patients. The symptoms of choroidal osteoma include decreased visual acuity and metamorphopsia or scotoma corresponding to the location of the osteoma, but some patients have no symptoms. Prognosis of vision varies according to tumor location, retinal pigment epithelial and sensory retinal degeneration, subretinal fluid and hemorrhage, and development of a subretinal neovascular membrane.

Combination therapy of low-fluence photodynamic therapy and intravitreal ranibizumab for choroidal neovascular membrane in choroidal osteoma.

Choroidal osteoma is an unusual form of intraocular calcification seen in otherwise healthy eyes. It is a benign idiopathic osseous tumor of the choroid, typically seen in young females. Choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) is a complication seen in one-third of these patients and carries a poor visual outcome. We report a case of a 25-year-old hyperthyroid female with choroidal osteoma and subfoveal CNVM in her left eye which was successfully treated using low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin followed by a single injection of intravitreal ranibizumab.

Intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) for circumscribed choroidal hemangioma.

Circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas are rare ophthalmic entities that cause diminution in vision due to accumulation of subretinal and/or intraretinal fluid in the macular area. Various treatment options ranging from conventional laser to photodynamic therapy have been employed to destroy the tumor and reduce the exudation; however, either the inability to penetrate through the exudative fluid or the collateral retinal damage induced by these treatment modalities make them unsuitable for lesions within the macula. We evaluated the role of intravitreal bevacizumab, a pan-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, in reducing the sub- and intraretinal fluid in three patients with circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas. All the patients had complete resolution of the serous retinal detachment that was maintained till at least 12 months after the first injection. Intravitreal bevacizumab may be used in combination with thermal laser or photodynamic therapy in treating circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas with subretinal fluid.

Choroidal melanoma in a patient with congenital bilateral chorioretinal coloboma: a case report of an extremely rare association of ocular comorbities / Melanoma de coróide em um paciente com coloboma congênito coriorretiniano bilateral: relato de caso de uma extremamente rara associação de comorbidades oculares

Clinicopathologic findings of a 44-year-old Caucasian male who presented with a congenital bilateral chorioretinal coloboma and later developed a large choroidal melanoma in his best seeing eye. The eye containing the malignant tumor was enucleated and the histopathologic findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis of choroidal melanoma, and in this case, an epithelioid cell type.

Achados clinicopatológicos de um paciente de 44 anos, branco, do sexo masculino, que apresentava coloboma bilateral congênito de retina e coróide e que, posteriormente, desenvolveu um grande melanoma da coróide no seu olho de melhor visão. O olho contendo o tumor maligno foi enucleado e os achados histopatológicos confirmaram o diagnóstico clínico de melanoma de coróide, neste caso do tipo celular epitelióide.

Vitrectomy for circumscribed choroidal hemangioma with exudative retinal detachment refractory to transpupillary thermotherapy.

We report successful surgical management of a circumscribed choroidal hemangioma with exudative retinal detachment refractory to transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT). A 33-year-old man with symptomatic serous macular detachment in the left eye (Snellen acuity: 20/200) secondary to a paramacular choroidal hemangioma was treated with TTT. The nonresponsive detachment was subsequently managed by vitrectomy, endophotocoagulation and silicon-oil tamponade. It resulted in complete resolution of the tumor and the detachment. Silicon oil was removed at four months. Visual acuity improved to 20/80 by the last follow-up visit at 10 months without any recurrence.

Tratamento do hemangioma de coróide e descolamento total da retina com vitrectomia posterior: relato de caso / Choroidal hemangioma with extensive retinal detachment treated with posterior vitrectomy: case report

Apresentar a evolução de um caso de hemangioma circunscrito da coróide associado a descolamento total da retina tratado com vitrectomia posterior e endofotocoagulação. Relato de caso intervencional. Paciente do sexo feminino, com 41 anos, apresentava mancha escura na visão do olho direito há uma semana, com progressão da mancha para o campo inferior e diminuição súbita da acuidade visual há dois dias. Ao exame oftalmológico, apresentava acuidade visual menor que 20/400 no olho direito. A fundoscopia do olho direito, observava-se elevação da retina neurossensorial nos quatro quadrantes e uma lesão sub-retiniana avermelhada no pólo posterior, com bordas pouco nítidas. O ultra-som do olho direito mostrava membranas móveis de alta refletividade na cavidade vítrea (retina) aderidas ao nervo óptico e presença de lesão sólida hiperecogênica, homogênea, no pólo posterior, com picos de média refletividade no seu interior, sugestiva de hemangioma de coróide Todos os exames sistêmicos foram normais. Optou-se pela vitrectomia posterior com endodrenagem, retinopexia, endofotocoagulação do tumor e colocação de gás C3F8. A retina manteve-se aplicada nos quinze primeiros dias da cirurgia, quando então apresentou novo descolamento inferior da retina sobre o tumor. Optou-se por nova vitrectomia posterior com endofotocoagulação e colocação de óleo de silicone. A paciente encontra-se no 6° mês de pós-operatório com a retina aplicada, óleo de silicone na cavidade vítrea, hemangioma com marcas de fotocoagulação (inativo?), acuidade visual igual a 20/400 no olho direito. A vitrectomia posterior surge como opção no tratamento do hemangioma da coróide associado a descolamentos extensos da retina, visando restabelecer a anatomia e diminuir as complicações funcionais tardias na retina.

To describe a case of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma with extensive retinal detachment treated with vitrectomy and endolaser photocoagulation. Interventional case report. A 41-year-old female patient was examined with a 7-day history of blurred vision and progression of visual loss in the right eye in the last 2 days. Ophthalmologic examination showed 20/400 visual acuity in the right eye and an extensive retinal detachment with an elevated red lesion on the posterior pole. Ocular ultrasound showed high a reflective membranes in the vitreous cavity (retinal detachment) and an homogeneous hiperecogenic solid lesion suggestive of choroidal hemangioma. Systemic investigation showed no abnormalities. Posterior pars plana vitrectomy with endophotocoagulation and injection of C3F8 gas was performed. After 15 days, an inferior retinal detachment was observed and the patient was submitted to a second vitrectomy with endophotocoagulation and silicon oil implant. After six months, the retina remains attached and the hemangioma shows no signs of exudation. Visual acuity remains 20/400. Posterior vitrectomy appears as an option for the treatment of circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas with extensive retinal detachment.

Bilateral metastasis to the retina, choroids and optic nerve from breast cancer: a clinicopathological case.

A 39-year-old Asian woman, with a known history of breast cancer, presented with a gradual onset of painless reduction in vision in both eyes. Examination revealed visual acuity of counting fingers in the right eye and light perception in the left. There were subretinal lesions in the posterior poles of both eyes and retinal detachment in the left eye. Later she developed left proptosis and restriction in left ocular movement, most likely to be caused by metastatic extraocular spread. She subsequently died from disseminated metastatic disease. Histopathological examination confirmed tumor cells infiltrating the choroids, retina and optic nerve in both eyes. The tumor cells were arranged in lobular fashion and stained positively with Periodic Acid Schiff, suggesting the primary to be lobular adenocarcinoma type. Choroidal metastatic disease is common but bilateral retinal and optic nerve involvement with extraocular spread from breast cancer is rare.

An intradural skull base chordoma presenting with acute intratumoral hemorrhage.

We present a rare case of skull base chordoma of extraosseous intradural type that presented as acute intratumoral hemorrhage. Surgical removal of the tumor was accomplished using a skull base approach.

Choroidal neovascular membrane associated with choroidal osteoma (CO) treated with trans-pupillary thermo therapy.

Choroidal neovascular membrane, a known complication of choroidal osteoma causing visual loss when located subfoveally, can be successfully treated with transpupillary thermo therapy.

Choroidal melanoma with macular hole.

A rare case of choroidal melanoma with exudative retinal detachment and a full-thickness macular hole is reported in an Indian patient.

Choroidal melanoma with secondary glaucoma.

The case of a 40-year-old female patient with choroidal melanoma with secondary glaucoma presenting as a painful blind right eye is reported. Liver metastasis was detected by ultrasonography. The choroidal tumor measured 2 x 2.1 x 1.5 cm; histopathology showed that it was of the spindle cell (spindle A) variety. Such tumors are rare in non-white races and secondary glaucoma is an uncommon presentation.

Malignant melanoma of the choroid with vitiligo.

An unusual case of an Asian patient with malignant melanoma of the choroid with vitiligo is reported. Other uncommon features of this case are metastasis to an extrahepatic site without liver metastasis and infiltration of the optic nerve.