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2.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1553374

ABSTRACT

A popular belief states that if frog is submerged in a container and gradually heats it up, it will try to adapt until it dies; this is probably the situation faced by more and more human populations. As stated by thousands of scientists, academics, and researchers worldwide, the planet's warming is directly related to climate change.


Subject(s)
Thermosensing , Climate Change , Caribbean Region , Infrared Rays
3.
Braz. j. biol ; 84: e253106, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1345544

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to develop and evaluate data driven models for prediction of forest yield under different climate change scenarios in the Gallies forest division of district Abbottabad, Pakistan. The Random Forest (RF) and Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) models were developed and evaluated using yield data of two species (Blue pine and Silver fir) as an objective variable and climate data (temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind speed) as predictive variables. Prediction accuracy of both the models were assessed by means of root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), correlation coefficient (r), relative root mean squared error (RRMSE), Legates-McCabe's (LM), Willmott's index (WI) and Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) metrics. Overall, the RF model outperformed the KRR model due to its higher accuracy in forecasting of forest yield. The study strongly recommends that RF model should be applied in other regions of the country for prediction of forest growth and yield, which may help in the management and future planning of forest productivity in Pakistan.


Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar modelos baseados em dados para previsão da produção florestal em diferentes cenários de mudanças climáticas na divisão florestal Gallies do distrito de Abbottabad, Paquistão. Os modelos Random Forest (RF) e Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR) foram desenvolvidos e avaliados usando dados de produção de duas espécies (pinheiro-azul e abeto-prateado) como uma variável objetiva e dados climáticos (temperatura, umidade, precipitação e velocidade do vento) como preditivos variáveis. A precisão da previsão de ambos os modelos foi avaliada por meio de erro quadrático médio (RMSE), erro absoluto médio (MAE), coeficiente de correlação (r), erro quadrático médio relativo (RRMSE), Legates-McCabe's (LM), índice de Willmott (WI) e métricas Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE). No geral, o modelo RF superou o modelo KRR devido à sua maior precisão na previsão do rendimento florestal. O estudo recomenda fortemente que o modelo RF seja aplicado em outras regiões do país para previsão do crescimento e produtividade florestal, o que pode ajudar no manejo e planejamento futuro da produtividade florestal no Paquistão.


Subject(s)
Climate Change , Pakistan
4.
Braz. j. biol ; 84: e258275, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1364498

ABSTRACT

Variety assortment enhancement is a normal task that involves enhancing the assortment's quality and upgrading varieties. The findings of a research of imported grape varieties in the southeast of Kazakhstan, namely in the Almaty region's bottom-mountain zone, are presented in this article. The onset and conclusion of the main phenological phases of a grape plant throughout the vegetative period were directly influenced by the climatic and meteorological conditions of this district. In comparison to the recognized variety Almaty early-maturing, it has been proven that types Priusadebny, Iyulsky, and Kuibyshevsk early-maturing have a high degree of eyes wintering buds and may provide a high-quality crop in this location.


O aprimoramento da variedade é uma tarefa normal que envolve o aprimoramento da qualidade da variedade e o aprimoramento das variedades. As descobertas de uma pesquisa de variedades de uvas importadas no sudeste do Cazaquistão, ou seja, na zona de base da montanha da região de Almaty, são apresentadas neste artigo. O início e a conclusão das principais fases fenológicas de uma videira ao longo do período vegetativo foram diretamente influenciados pelas condições climáticas e meteorológicas deste distrito. Em comparação com a variedade reconhecida Almaty de maturação precoce, foi comprovado que os tipos Priusadebny, Iyulsky e Kuibyshevsk de maturação precoce têm um alto grau de gomos de inverno de olhos e podem fornecer uma safra de alta qualidade neste local.


Subject(s)
Climate Change , 24444 , Vitis , Kazakhstan
5.
Revista Digital de Postgrado ; 12(3): 378, dic. 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1526934

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El tema del cambio climático y sus efectos, en la salud, educación y transporte, es un tema emergente, que pretende la optimización del consumo y la eficiencia energética. Esta investigación se plantea como objetivo,la caracterización del uso y aprovechamiento de energías, en establecimientos de atención médica de la región capital durante el año 2022, considerando la distribución energética, eficiencia y fuentes primarias de energía utilizadas en este país. Métodos: Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, transversal y prospectiva,a través del análisis cuali-cuantitativo, con el uso de informantes clave quienes consideran importante la iluminación natural en los espacios y el mayor aprovechamiento energético en áreas como la quirúrgica y consulta externa. Resultados: Surge el uso de la energía solar, eólica e hidráulica como recursos energéticos aprovechables, así como la sostenibilidad y la mantenibilidad en el diseño y rediseño de infraestructuras hospitalarias. Los tipos de energías utilizados en Venezuela, siguen correspondiendo ala hidráulica y combustibles fósiles, se conoce la tecnología e implementación de paneles solares para la mejoría del cambio climático, la huella del carbono, el uso de energías verdes y reducción de combustibles fósiles. Su aceptación depende de regulaciones y la concientización energética como elementos fundamentales para el cambio.


Introduction: The issue of climate change and itseffects, in health, education and transportation, is an emergingissue, which aims at the optimization of energy consumption andefficiency. e objective of this research is to characterize the useand exploitation of energy in health care facilities in the capitalregion during the year 2022, considering the energy distribution,efficiency and primary energy sources used in this country.Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and prospectiveresearch, through qualitative-quantitative analysis, with the useof key informants who consider important the natural lightingin the spaces and the greater use of energy in areas such assurgery and outpatient care. Results: The use of solar, windand hydraulic energy emerged as usable energy resources, aswell as sustainability and maintainability in the design andredesign of hospital infrastructures. The types of energy used inVenezuela continue to correspond to hydraulics and fossil fuels; the technology and implementation of solar panels is known forthe improvement of climate change, the carbon footprint, theuse of green energy and reduction of fossil fuels. Their acceptancedepends on regulations and energy awareness as fundamental elements for change.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Climate Change/statistics & numerical data , Energy-Generating Resources , Energy Consumption , Solar Energy , Medical Care , Health Policy
6.
Rev. Asoc. Méd. Argent ; 136(4): 8-10, dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1553060

ABSTRACT

La pobreza y el hambre son elementos significativos para la prevalencia de las enfermedades emergentes, además de la ignorancia, la indigencia, las falencias sanitarias y los cambios ambientales debidos al calentamiento global. La desnutrición es consecuencia de la pobreza y ésta es causa de desnutrición. Los niños que viven en condiciones de mayor vulnerabilidad tienen un riesgo alto de morir por diarrea, neumonía y enfermedades emergentes. La mayoría son desnutridos. Su futuro en la adultez guarda relación con la desnutrición en la infancia. En el mundo 820 millones de niños padecen hambre y mueren anualmente 3 millones de menores de 5 años, según datos del Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia. En Argentina, según datos del segundo semestre de 2022, un 39,2% de la población es pobre (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos). El 15,5% de niños y adolescentes padecen inseguridad alimentaria y 2 millones de niños padecen hambre (Médicos sin Fronteras). La tasa de mortalidad infantil en menores de 5 años tiene una prevalencia del 0,4%. Los cambios climáticos ejercen influencia sobre la salud, produciendo cambios en la epidemiologia de las enfermedades emergentes, mientras que la insuficiente alimentación ocasiona efectos negativos sobre la salud. El calentamiento global aumenta las inundaciones y las sequías, incidiendo en la escasez de alimentos e incrementando las enfermedades emergentes. La situación debe ser revertida mediante el desarrollo sostenido de la educación, el bienestar social y los proyectos sanitarios. (AU)


Poverty and hunger are significant elements for the prevalence of emerging diseases, in addition to ignorance, indigence, sanitary deficiencies and environmental changes due to global warming. Malnutrition is a consequence of poverty and poverty is a cause of malnutrition. Children living in more vulnerable conditions are at greater risk of dying from diarrhea, pneumonia and emerging diseases. Most are malnourished. Their future in adulthood is related to malnutrition in childhood. Worldwide, 820 million children suffer from hunger and 3 million children under 5 die annually (United Nations Children's Fund). In Argentina, according to data from the second half of 2022, 39.2% of the population is poor (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos). 15.5% of children and adolescents are food insecure and 2 million children are hungry (Médecins Sans Frontières). The infant mortality rate in children under 5 years of age has a prevalence of 0.4%. Climate change influences health, producing changes in the epidemiology of emerging diseases, while insufficient food has negative effects on health. Global warming increases floods and droughts, leading to food shortages and increasing emerging diseases. The situation must be reversed through sustained development of education, social welfare and health projects. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Poverty , Climate Change , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology , Argentina , Sanitation , Prevalence , Hunger
7.
Rev. ADM ; 80(5): 267-273, sept.-oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1531449

ABSTRACT

El propósito del presente trabajo está orientado a generar una reflexión entre el gremio odontológico profesional y los estudiantes de las licenciaturas en Odontología respecto a la contaminación global que estamos generando y a la crítica situación del planeta, así como sus consecuencias ambientales y climatológicas, sobre lo importante que es educar bajo la perspectiva de una Odontología Verde y Sostenible a través de la ambientalización curricular en las escuelas y facultades de Odontología para generar un tipo de cultura y conciencia proambiental. De igual forma para señalar lo sencillo que es ambientalizar agradable y relajantemente nuestro entorno educativo y laboral, así como realizar algunas prácticas odontológicas ecológicas y ambientales en la práctica privada que cuestan poco o nada y que, por el contrario, el gran efecto positivo que éstas tendrán en el medio ambiente y la reducción de los niveles de contaminación actuales. Si realmente logramos generar una nueva cultura y conciencia que se preocupe por el medio ambiente en el campo de la Odontología, los resultados para todos se verán reflejados en un mejor ambiente social, educativo de trabajo y de salud (AU)


The purpose of this work is aimed at generating a reflection between the professional dental guild and the students of the Bachelor's Degrees in Dentistry regarding the global pollution that we are generating and the critical situation of the planet and its environmental and climatological consequences, on how important it is educate under the perspective of a Green and Sustainable Dentistry through the greening of the curriculum in the Schools and Faculties of Dentistry to generate a type of culture and pro-environmental awareness. Likewise, point out how simple it is to pleasantly and relaxingly green our educational and work environment, as well as perform some ecological and environment, as well perform some ecological and environment, dental practices in private practice that cost little or nothing and that, on the contrary, the great positive effect that these will have on the environment and the reduction of current pollution levels. If we truly manage to generate a new culture and awareness that cares about the environment in the field of Dentistry, the results for all will be reflected in a better social, educational, work and health environment (AU)


Subject(s)
Dentistry/trends , Environment , Environmental Pollution/prevention & control , Awareness , Climate Change , Dental Equipment/trends , Sustainable Development Indicators
8.
Educ. med. super ; 37(3)sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1528549

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Se ha sugerido que la crisis ambiental es una de las mayores amenazas para la salud pública. Sin embargo, se presta poca atención a este fenómeno en la formación de profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Identificar las representaciones sociales sobre la enseñanza-aprendizaje del cuidado de enfermería en el contexto de crisis ambiental global, desde la perspectiva de enfermeras docentes universitarios en Chile. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, hermenéutico, delineado por medio de las representaciones sociales en su enfoque procesual. El método de producción de información resultó la entrevista enfocada. El muestreo fue teórico y el tamaño de la muestra se determinó por criterio de saturación (n = 15). Se realizó triangulación de fuentes y se utilizó el análisis de contenido cualitativo inductivo. Resultados: Emergieron tres líneas temáticas: 1. Cambio climático y medio ambiente en el currículo; 2. Oportunidades en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de cambio climático y medio ambiente, con cuatro categorías: sensibilidad de los estudiantes frente a temas medioambientales; motivaciones personales del docente, asignaturas facilitadoras y políticas institucionales; y 3. Barreras en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de cambio climático y medio ambiente, con tres categorías: modelo biomédico, resistencia al cambio y escases de interdisciplinariedad. Conclusiones: Los temas relacionados con la crisis ambiental global no están considerados en los currículos de enfermería, y se incluyen en las asignaturas solo cuando hay interés por parte del docente(AU)


Introduction: The environmental crisis has been suggested to be one of the greatest threats to public health. However, this phenomenon is given little attention during the training of health professionals. Objective: To identify the social representations about the teaching-learning of nursing care in the context of the global environmental crisis, from the perspective of university teaching nurses in Chile. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive and hermeneutic study was carried out, with a process-based approach using social representations. The method for producing information was the focused interview. The sampling was theoretical and the sample size was determined by saturation criteria (n=15). Triangulation of sources was performed and inductive qualitative content analysis was used. Results: Three thematic lines appeared: 1. climate change and environment within the curriculum; 2. opportunities as part of teaching and learning about climate change and environment (including four categories: students' sensitivity towards environmental issues, professors' personal motivations, facilitating subjects, and institutional policies); and 3. obstacles in teaching and learning about climate change and environment (including three categories: biomedical model, resistance to change, and scarcity of interdisciplinarity). Conclusions: Topics related to the global environmental crisis are not considered within the nursing curriculums; they are included in subjects only when the professors are interested in doing so(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Climate Change , Epidemiology, Descriptive
9.
Rev. cuba. med ; 62(3)sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1530139

ABSTRACT

Cuando nos referimos al clima no es más que el conjunto de circunstancias atmosféricas propias de una zona determinada, que caracteriza a cada región y a su vez se manifiesta por un determinado estado geográfico, además de la periodicidad de la humedad, las lluvias, las temperaturas, los vientos; dichas acciones influyen en la existencia de los seres vivos y, sobre todo, en los seres humanos. Las evidencias científicas han demostrado que existe un cambio climático por el aumento de las congregaciones atmosféricas de gases de efecto invernadero, emanados de la actividad humana. El calentamiento global en el sistema climático internacional actual es incuestionable, tiene huellas en la temperatura del aire, en los océanos, los mares, en zonas árticas, en el desprendimieto de los glaciares, las constantes precipitaciones y las sequías.1 Sin embargo Hilson2 plantea en su estudio que muchos afirman que la situación del cambio climático es exagerada o no existe, a pesar de las evidencias científicas. El cambio climático es un canje en la distribución estadística de los esquemas atmosféricos durante una etapa prolongada de tiempo, y varía de una región a otra.3 El año 2016 fue el año más caluroso del que se tenga conocimiento, según las Naciones Unidas (ONU) declaró, que había aumentado la temperatura en 1,2 oC y para 2017 la acidez del mar y los niveles de dióxido de carbono habían aumentado considerablemente.4 Consecuentemente, el cambio climático, no...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Climate Change , Conflict, Psychological
10.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 27(3)sept. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514481

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad cerebrovascular (ECV) es una urgencia neurológica que en ocasiones se encuentra influenciada por los cambios del tiempo. La ECV isquémica es una emergencia médica con una ventana estrecha para su diagnóstico y tratamiento. El daño generado por esta enfermedad se estima mediante de la mortalidad, discapacidad e impacto social. Objetivo: Proponer un programa de capacitación basado en los efectos fisiopatológicos que provocan en los pacientes, cambios de tiempo y ritmo circadiano en el contexto de la adaptación al cambio climático. Método: Se desarrolló un estudio multietápico prospectivo en el Hospital Universitario Mártires del 9 de Abril del municipio Sagua la Grande entre los años 1993 a 2017. En la primera etapa se seleccionó un universo de 52 profesionales de la salud que atendieron a estos pacientes; en la segunda, 48 y en la tercera, 61. Resultados: El nivel de conocimiento del personal de salud en una primera etapa era inadecuado (78,85 %); en la tercera, este porcentaje disminuyó (14,75 %). Como resultado de la capacitación mejoraron los tiempos de atención a los pacientes con ECV a su llegada al hospital, y en la tercera, más del 50 % de los enfermos fueron atendidos antes de las seis horas de inicio de los síntomas. Conclusiones: La capacitación sobre ECV basada en los efectos fisiopatológicos que provocan en los pacientes el cambio climático y el ritmo circadiano disminuyó el tiempo de espera, y se asoció con una reducción de la morbilidad y la mortalidad, después de aplicar este programa.


Introduction: cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a neurological emergency that is sometimes influenced by climate changes. Ischemic CVD is a medical emergency with a narrow window for diagnosis and treatment. The damage generated by this disease is estimated through mortality, disability and social impact. Objective: to propose a training program based on the pathophysiological effects in patients caused by changes in time and circadian rhythm in the context of adaptation to climate change. Methods: a multistage prospective study was conducted at "Mártires del 9 de Abril" University Hospital in Sagua la Grande municipality between 1993 and 2017. A universe of health professionals who cared for these patients was selected as follows: 52 in the first stage; 48 in the second stage, and 61 in the third ones. Results: the level of knowledge of health personnel in the first stage was inadequate (78.85%); this percentage decreased in the third stage (14.75%). Care times for CVD patients improved upon arrival at the hospital as a result of the training, as well as in the third ones, more than 50% of the patients were seen within six hours of the onset of symptoms. Conclusions: CVD training based on the pathophysiological effects of climate change and circadian rhythm on patients decreased waiting time, and was associated with reduced morbidity and mortality, after applying this program.


Subject(s)
Climate Change , Morbidity , Mortality , Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease
12.
Porto Alegre; Editora Rede Unida; set. 2023. 311 p.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515953

ABSTRACT

As interfaces entre a insegurança alimentar e a crise climática são diversas, imbricadas e, cada vez mais, se posicionam na centralidade dos debates e dos desafios para a Saúde Pública global, especialmente por produzirem impactos mais evidentes em países e regiões onde as desigualdades históricas e estruturais são mais evidentes, como na América Latina. Uma complexa situação que pode ser melhor compreendida através do conceito de sindemia, que se refere à interação entre múltiplas epidemias que afetam uma população, ao mesmo tempo e no mesmo local, alimentando-se, agravando-se e criando um cenário desafiador para os serviços, programas e sistemas de saúde nos níveis local, regional e/ou global. Compreender as interfaces entre as crises alimentar e climática em um quadro sindêmico global centra a atenção na escala e na urgência de enfrentar estes desafios, de forma abrangente e articulada, enfatizando a necessidade de organizar esforços em torno de soluções comuns, contribuindo para o fortalecimento de capacidades locais, comprometidas com a garantia da segurança e da soberania alimentar e regidas pelos princípios inegociáveis da dignidade humana e do respeito às pessoas e a sua sabedoria. Motivados pela necessidade de gerar evidências dessa "crise de crises", com o objetivo de subsidiar estratégias de enfrentamento de suas consequências junto a setores de governo e da sociedade civil organizada, um grupo de aproximadamente 80 destacados pesquisadores, vinculados a 24 instituições acadêmicas com sede em 11 países da América Latina, decidiu se unir para criar o Grupo de Estudos sobre Sistemas Alimentares Latino-americanos no marco da Mudança Global ­ SALA Global, cuja primeira iniciativa foi elaborar um panorama das crises alimentar e climática na região, resultando no presente livro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Climate Change
13.
Rev. Asoc. Méd. Argent ; 136(3): 23-30, sept. 2023. ilus, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1553358

ABSTRACT

La triquinosis es una zoonosis que afecta a los animales y al hombre, y es ocasionada por la ingestión de la larva Trichinella spiralis que habita en el músculo de los animales hospedadores y, tras ser ingerida por el hombre, pasa a la pared intestinal de éste donde se multiplica y sus embriones emigran a los músculos. De 1990 a 1999 se reportaron 5.217 casos y en otro posterior de 2014 a 2018 fueron 5.211 casos. Con un promedio anual de 579 casos y de 1302 casos. Como resultado del cambio climático, la triquinosis se traslada de climas fríos a templados, lo que la torna una enfermedad emergente. El cuadro clínico puede presentarse en forma benigna o aguda, y su evolución abarca un período de un año; en ocasiones provoca la muerte por complicaciones. El hombre es responsable de la crianza, la alimentación y el control sanitario del cerdo y de sus productos para consumo. Consideramos a esta zoonosis, un indicador del desarrollo de los pueblos. Con educación, cambios de conducta y cumplimiento de las normas sanitarias, se actuará en beneficio de la salud y el bienestar de la población. (AU)


Trichinosis is a zoonosis that affects animals and humans. It is caused by the ingestion of a larva called Trichinella spiralis which lives in the muscle of host animals. After being ingested by humans, the larva passes to the intestinal wall where it multiplies, and its embryos migrate to the muscles. From 1990 to 1999, 5.217 cases were reported, and in a later period from 2014 to 2018, there were 5.211 cases. With an annual average of 579 cases and 1.302 cases, respectively. As a result of climate change, trichinosis moves from cold to temperate climates making it an emerging disease. The clinical presentation can range from benign to acute, with an evolution period of 1 year; and sometimes it causes death due to complications. Humans are responsible for raising, feeding, and ensuring sanitary control of pigs and their products for consumption. We consider this zoonosis an indicator of the development of communities. Through education, behavioral changes, and compliance with sanitary regulations, actions can be taken to promote the health and welfare of the population. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Trichinellosis/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/prevention & control , Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology , Argentina , Swine , Climate Change , Zoonoses , Food Inspection
14.
São Paulo; s.n; 2023. 157 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425514

ABSTRACT

A expansão das cidades com padrões urbanísticos inadequados ocasionou a degradação dos fundos de vales, tornando necessárias medidas de remediação para recuperar esses ambientes e os serviços ecossistêmicos por eles prestados. Nesse sentido, Soluções baseadas na Natureza (SbN) vêm ganhando destaque na literatura de referência, porém, com lacunas quanto às suas implicações para o planejamento urbano. Os parques lineares associados a cursos dágua são uma SbN que permite a preservação e o uso público por meio de espaços verdes multifuncionais. Com o objetivo de identificar no processo de criação de parques lineares do município de São Paulo (SP), potencialidades e desafios como SbN para recuperação de fundos de vales, foi realizado levantamento documental para descrever os instrumentos e etapas que compõem o processo, e estudo de caso para relatar a criação do Parque Linear no córrego Água Podre, localizado na zona oeste da cidade. Os resultados demonstraram que os parques lineares enquanto SbN são potenciais em resgatar e preservar os fundos de vales de usos inadequados, requalificando o espaço, admitindo o uso para reservação em áreas sujeitas a alagamento e a combinação com outras SbN com incremento de vegetação, favorecendo a biodiversidade, aumentando a resiliência a eventos extremos e a mitigação climática. Para tanto, os desafios de restrição de área, ausência de normas técnicas para SbN, quebra de paradigmas da engenharia convencional e integração entre os setores envolvidos no processo, precisam ser superados. A identificação desses fatores contribui para o conhecimento sobre os parques lineares como SbN para o manejo de águas urbanas e com as políticas públicas de recuperação de fundos de vales e de enfrentamento às mudanças climáticas em SP, por meio de um quadro síntese com recomendações ao setor público, produto desta pesquisa.


The expansion of cities with inadequate urban standards caused the degradation of valley bottoms, making remedial measures necessary to recover these environments and the ecosystem services provided by them. In this sense, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have been gaining prominence in the reference literature, however, with gaps as to their implications for urban planning. Linear parks associated with watercourses are an NbS that allows preservation and public use through multifunctional green spaces. With the objective of identifying, in the linear park creation process in São Paulo (SP) city, potentialities and challenges such as NbS, for the recovery of valley bottoms; A documentary survey was carried out to describe the instruments and steps that make up the process, and a case study was carried out to report the creation of the Linear Park in the Água Podre creek, located in the west of the city. The results showed that linear parks as NbS are potential in rescuing and preserving the valley bottoms from inappropriate uses, requalifying the space, admitting the use for reservation in areas subject to flooding and the combination with other NbS with increased vegetation, favoring biodiversity, increasing the resilience to extreme events and climate mitigation. Therefore, the challenges of area restriction, lack of technical standards for NbS, breaking of conventional engineering paradigms and integration between the sectors involved in the process, need to be overcome. The identification of these factors contributes to the knowledge about linear parks such as NbS for the management of urban waters and with public policies for the recovery of valley bottoms and for coping with climate change in SP, through a general framework with recommendations to the public sector, product of this research.


Subject(s)
Climate Change , Water Currents , City Planning
15.
Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ; : 6-8, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1003640

ABSTRACT

@#Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations, political leaders, and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency.


Subject(s)
Armed Conflicts , Nuclear Energy , Radiation , Climate Change , Global Warming
16.
Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ; : 4-5, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1003639

ABSTRACT

@#The Russian military invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, and Hamas’ terror attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, signaled the beginning of two of the most recent wars to make international headlines. To date, over 110 armed conflicts are taking place: over 45 in the Middle East and North Africa (Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Turkey, Yemen, Western Sahara); over 35 in Africa (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan); 21 in Asia (Afghanistan, India, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines); seven in Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan); and six in Latin America (three each in Mexico and Colombia); with two more international armed conflicts (between India and Pakistan, and between India and China) in Asia.1 This list does not even include such problematic situations as those involving China and the South East Asia region. As though these situations of armed violence were not enough, mankind has already passed or is on the verge of passing several climate tipping points – a recent review lists nine Global core tipping elements (and their tipping points) - the Greenland Ice Sheet (collapse); West Antarctic Ice Sheet (collapse); Labrador-Irminger Seas / SPG Convection (collapse); East Antarctic Subglacial Basins (collapse); Amazon Rainforest (dieback); Boreal Permafrost (collapse); Atlantic M.O. Circulation (collapse); Arctic Winter Sea Ice (collapse); and East Antarctic Ice Sheet (collapse); and seven Regional impact tipping elements (and their tipping points) – Low-latitude Coral Reefs (die-off); Boreal Permafrost (abrupt thaw); Barents Sea Ice (abrupt loss); Mountain Glaciers (loss); Sahel and W. African Monsoon (greening); Boreal Forest (southern dieback); and Boreal Forest (northern expansion).2 Closer to home, how can we forget the disaster and devastation wrought by Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) 10 years ago to date? Whether international or non-international, armed conflicts raise the risk of nuclear war. Russia has already “rehearsed its ability to deliver a ‘massive’ nuclear strike,” conducting “practical launches of ballistic and cruise missiles,” and stationed a first batch of tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus,3 and the possibility of nuclear escalation in Ukraine cannot be overestimated.4 Meanwhile, in a rare public announcement, the U.S. Central Command revealed that an Ohio- class submarine (560 feet long, 18,750 tons submerged and carrying as many as 154 Tomahawk cruise missiles) had arrived in the Middle East on November 5, 2023.5 Indeed, “the danger is great and growing,” as “any use of nuclear weapons would be catastrophic for humanity.”


Subject(s)
Armed Conflicts , Nuclear Energy , Radiation , Climate Change , Global Warming
17.
Braz. j. biol ; 83: 1-8, 2023. map, graf, tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1468885

ABSTRACT

Climatic factors play an essential role in the growth of tree ring width. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between climatic variables and tree-ring growth characteristics of Pinus sibirica in Altai mountains, northwestern China. This study being is first of its kind on climate growth analysis of Pinus sibirica in northwestern China. The study showed great potential to understand the species growing under the specific climatic conditions. Total of 70 tree cores collected from three sites in the sampling area, out of which 63 tree cores considered for this study. The effect of climatic variables which was studied include precipitation, temperature and PDSI. Our results showed that Tree Ring Width chronology has a significantly positive correlation with the late winter (March) temperature and significant negative correlation with the July temperatures. A significant correlation was observed with the late summer precipitation whereas no significant relation found with the Palmer Drought Severity Index. These significant correlations with temperature and precipitation suggested that this tree species had the potential for the reconstruction of the past climate in the area.


Fatores climáticos desempenham papel essencial no crescimento da largura dos anéis das árvores. Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a correlação entre variáveis climáticas e características de crescimento de anéis de árvores de Pinus sibirica nas montanhas de Altai, noroeste da China. Este estudo é o primeiro desse tipo na análise do crescimento climático de Pinus sibirica no noroeste da China. O estudo mostrou grande potencial para entender as espécies que crescem sob as condições climáticas específicas. Total de 70 testemunhos coletados em três locais na área de amostragem, dos quais 63 testemunhos considerados para este estudo. O efeito das variáveis climáticas estudadas incluem precipitação, temperatura e PDSI. Nossos resultados mostraram que a cronologia da Largura do Anel da Árvore tem uma correlação significativamente positiva com a temperatura do final do inverno (março) e uma correlação negativa significativa com as temperaturas de julho. Uma correlação significativa foi observada com a precipitação do final do verão, enquanto nenhuma relação significativa foi encontrada com o Índice de Severidade de Seca de Palmer. Essas correlações significativas com a temperatura e precipitação sugeriram que esta espécie de árvore tinha o potencial para a reconstrução do clima passado na área.


Subject(s)
Climate Change , Pinus/growth & development
18.
Rev. bras. estud. popul ; 40: e0250, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-1521753

ABSTRACT

Resumo Dentre os múltiplos avanços científicos na compreensão das relações entre mudanças climáticas e dinâmica populacional, uma das principais inovações ocorreu na atual geração de modelagem climática, com a inclusão de um conjunto de cenários em que as questões populacionais são centrais. Baseados em narrativas de trajetórias socioeconômicas, estes cenários traçam alternativas para os desenvolvimentos sociais futuros, que, por sua vez, consideram projeções populacionais multidimensionais, construídas a partir das variáveis sexo, idade e escolaridade. Tais projeções incorporam heterogeneidades populacionais relevantes para a adaptação, sendo, potencialmente, mais sensíveis às mudanças na dinâmica demográfica e à compreensão da relação população e ambiente. No Brasil, contudo, tanto os pressupostos como as implicações desta abordagem são quase inexistentes. O presente artigo aborda esta discussão para o país, considerando seus aspectos teóricos e metodológicos. Destacam-se algumas das inferências da abordagem das shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) - trajetórias socioeconômicas compartilhadas - para construir projeções populacionais no nível subnacional, enfatizando os ganhos potenciais desta agenda no campo de população e ambiente.


Abstract During the past decades, there were scientific advances to better comprehend climate change and population dynamics. One of the main ones was the inclusion of a set of scenarios in current generation of climate modelling, with population as its human core. These are the shared socioeconomic pathways that result in population projections constructed by multi-dimensional demography, with population disaggregated by, sex, age and educational attainment. Such projections incorporate relevant population heterogeneities to adaptation and are potentially more sensitive to capture changes in demographic dynamics. This paper addresses this discussion for Brazil, considering both theoretical and methodological aspects. We highlight some of the implications of SSPs approach to construct population projections at the subnational level, emphasizing the benefits this agenda could bring to the population and environment fields.


Resumen Los avances en la ciencia para una mejor comprensión de las relaciones entre el cambio climático y la dinámica de la población se han producido en varios campos durante las últimas tres décadas. Una de las principales innovaciones se observa en la generación actual de modelos climáticos, con la inclusión de un conjunto de escenarios en los que los temas de población son centrales. Estos escenarios, denominados trayectorias socioeconómicas compartidas, esbozan alternativas para futuros desarrollos sociales que, a su vez, consideran proyecciones poblacionales multidimensionales, construidas a partir de las variables sexo, edad y educación. Estas proyecciones incorporan heterogeneidades de población relevantes para la adaptación y son potencialmente más sensibles a los cambios en la dinámica demográfica. Este artículo aborda esta discusión para Brasil, considerando sus aspectos teóricos y metodológicos. Se destacan algunas de las implicaciones del enfoque para construir proyecciones de población en el ámbito subnacional, con énfasis los logros que esta agenda puede traer al campo de población y medio ambiente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Climate Change , Population Forecast , Population , Urbanization , Demography , Education , Global Warming , Human Migration
19.
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology ; (12): 353-359, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969913

ABSTRACT

Climate change is the great health challenge for human beings in the 21st century. Air pollution is also an important public health problem worldwide. China announced the climate commitment to achieve carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. Achieving these goals would not only have far-reaching effects on air pollution control and climate change, but also improve the population health in China. Air pollution and climate change epidemiology are important aspects of environmental epidemiology. In this paper, we discuss the current status and future development of epidemiological research of air pollution and climate change in the context of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals to provide ideas and suggestions for environmental and health studies in the future.


Subject(s)
Humans , Climate Change , Goals , Air Pollution/analysis , Environmental Health , Public Health , China/epidemiology , Carbon
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