Perimetria azul-amarelo em usuários de tabaco-álcool / Blue-on-yellow perimetry in tobacco and alcohol consumers

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações de campo visual em usuários crônicos de tabaco e álcool por meio da perimetria azul-amarelo estratégia 10-2. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e dois olhos de vinte e um voluntários usuários de tabaco e álcool, todos do gênero masculino, foram selecionados após exame oftalmológico completo e normal, sendo submetidos a perimetria azul-amarelo estratégia 10-2. Quinze voluntários participaram do grupo controle. A análise dos dados foi realizada mediante gráfico da profundidade do defeito e número de pontos alterados. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que 40 olhos (95,3 por cento) dos usuários crônicos de tabaco e álcool, apresentaram maior freqüência de alterações no gráfico de profundidade do defeito (>10dB) e 27 olhos (64,3 por cento) apresentaram número de pontos alterados (>10 pontos), (p<0,0001). Todos os voluntários que apresentaram alterações no gráfico de profundidade do defeito e número de pontos alterados apresentavam menos que 10dB e 10 pontos alterados, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Foram observados maiores números de pontos alterados e profundidade do defeito refletindo alterações nas células do sistema parvocelular, responsáveis pela função de cores nos pacientes usuários crônicos de tabaco-álcool, por meio da perimetria azul-amarelo 10-2.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual field changes in blue-on-yellow perimetry (B/Y) strategy 10-2 in alcohol and tobacco smoking consumers. METHODS: Forty-two eyes of twenty-one users were studied. Fifteen individuals were used as a control group. All volunteers were males. After normal ophthalmologic examinations, central 10-2 (B/Y) was performed in both eyes. Analysis of the results was performed through the alterations in the depth graph defect and number of altered points. RESULTS: It was found that the majority of the chronic alcohol and tobacco smoking consumers had a greater frequency of alterations in the depth graph defect; 40 eyes (95.3 percent), (>10dB), and 27 eyes (64.3 percent) showed a number of altered points, (>10 points), (p<0.0001). All those who were used as a control group showed alterations in the depth graph defect and number of altered points, but had less than 10dB and 10 altered points, respectively. CONCLUSION: A higher number of abnormal points and depth graph defects and number of altered points were observed in alcohol and tobacco smoking consumers reflecting a higher number of alterations in the cells of the parvocellular system, responsible for color function, by B/Y perimetry.

Color vision in patients with the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome

PURPOSE: To study color vision in patients with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) METHODS: We evaluated color vision in 42 patients with OCA using the HRR color plates. Sixty seven percent of the patients had the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS), diagnosed genetically or clinically. The remaining patients had unknown mutations leading to OCA. RESULTS: 47.6 of patients of OCA of all types included had a color vision defect. Of these, 55 were female and 45 were male patients. 50 of patients with the HPS (all types) had a color vision deficit. 42.9 of patients with OCA of unknown type had color weakness. 57.1 had normal color vision. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that many patients with OCA and the HPS have a mild red-green color perception deficiency that is not a sex linked trait. The prevalence of color vision deficits in our study population increased with decreasing visual acuity

problem of red color defect in raw milk soft cheese in Egypt

Mycological examination of samples representing 337 tins packed with soft cheese "Domiatti" was done for explanation of a red color defect which is characterized by diffuse deep red color over the surfaces of raw milk soft cheese stored for four months at room temperature without any apparent colonial growth. A red color mold growth over Sabouraud dextrose agar could be isolated and identified as Monascus ruber. The suspected mold was inoculated in experimentally manufactured soft cheese and could produce the same defect. Ascospores of Monascus ruber survived pasteurization, but boiling of milk with holding time of 5 minutes destroyed these spores. Effect of storage temperatures and NaCl concentrations to prevent such defect in cheese were studied and discussed. Economical and public health importance of the isolated mold and its pigment as well as control measures for solving the problem have been discussed

Color vision defects in diabetic retinopathy

The association between color vision defects and diabetic retinopathy was reported by several authors. In order to study this relation 67 eyes of 40 diabetic patients were examined, also 40 eyes of 20 controls were studied. All the patients were examined ophthalmologically, fluorescein angiography was done and the colour vision was tested by Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates and Farnworth Dichotomous test Panel D-15. 14.93% of eyes with diabetic retinopathy failed the Ishihara test, all of them showed maculopathy. 65.67% of eyes with diabetic retinopathy were color defective when tested with D-15 test. Blue-yellow defects constituted 70.45% of total color defects