ABSTRACT
Introducción: la periodontitis es una enfermedad infecciosa multifactorial asociada a un biofilm de microorganismos patógenos. Objetivo: el objetivo del trabajo fue establecer la prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en pacientes con periodontitis y relacionarla con la severidad de la enfermedad. Material y métodos: participaron 45 pacientes, sistémicamente saludables, con edades entre 35 y 65 años. El grado de periodontitis se definió según los criterios de Papapanou y colaboradores. Como grupo control, se incluyeron 20 sujetos de ambos sexos sin periodontitis y sin enfermedades sistémicas. Se tomaron muestras de fluido gingival en dos sitios más profundos. Porphyromonas gingivalis se detectó por PCR (reacción en cadena de la polimerasa). Resultados: la frecuencia relativa de periodontitis fue de 13.3% grado I, 46.7% grado II y 40% grado III. El sexo masculino presentó periodontitis grado III 72.2% y grado II 52.3%. El grado I se registró con mayor frecuencia en el sexo femenino, 66.7%. La prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en la población con periodontitis fue de 44.4%. Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grados de severidad de periodontitis y la presencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.0002, α = 5%). Conclusión: la periodontitis predominó en el sexo masculino. La prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en la población con periodontitis crónica fue de 44.4% y su presencia está relacionada con la severidad (AU)
Introduction: periodontitis is a multifactorial infectious disease associated with a biofilm of pathogenic microorganisms. Objective: the objective of the work was to establish the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis and relate it to the severity of the disease. Material and methods: 45 systemically healthy patients, aged between 35 and 65 years old, participated. The degree of periodontitis was defined according to the criteria of Papapanou et al. As a control group, 20 patients of both sexes without periodontitis and without systemic diseases were included. Gingival fluid samples were taken from two deeper sites. Porphyromonas gingivalis was detected by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Results: the relative frequency of periodontitis was 13.3% grade I, 46.7% grade II and 40% grade III. The male sex presented periodontitis grade III 72.2% and grade II 52.3%. Grade I was recorded more frequently in the female sex, 66.7%. The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the population with periodontitis was 44.4%. Statistically significant differences were obtained between the degrees of severity of periodontitis and the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.0002, α = 5%). Conclusion: periodontitis predominated in males. The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the population with chronic periodontitis was 44.4% and its presence is related to severity (AU)
Subject(s)
Dentistry/trends , Sustainable Growth , Environmental Health , Global Health , Preventive Dentistry/trends , Health PolicyABSTRACT
El propósito del presente trabajo está orientado a generar una reflexión entre el gremio odontológico profesional y los estudiantes de las licenciaturas en Odontología respecto a la contaminación global que estamos generando y a la crítica situación del planeta, así como sus consecuencias ambientales y climatológicas, sobre lo importante que es educar bajo la perspectiva de una Odontología Verde y Sostenible a través de la ambientalización curricular en las escuelas y facultades de Odontología para generar un tipo de cultura y conciencia proambiental. De igual forma para señalar lo sencillo que es ambientalizar agradable y relajantemente nuestro entorno educativo y laboral, así como realizar algunas prácticas odontológicas ecológicas y ambientales en la práctica privada que cuestan poco o nada y que, por el contrario, el gran efecto positivo que éstas tendrán en el medio ambiente y la reducción de los niveles de contaminación actuales. Si realmente logramos generar una nueva cultura y conciencia que se preocupe por el medio ambiente en el campo de la Odontología, los resultados para todos se verán reflejados en un mejor ambiente social, educativo de trabajo y de salud (AU)
The purpose of this work is aimed at generating a reflection between the professional dental guild and the students of the Bachelor's Degrees in Dentistry regarding the global pollution that we are generating and the critical situation of the planet and its environmental and climatological consequences, on how important it is educate under the perspective of a Green and Sustainable Dentistry through the greening of the curriculum in the Schools and Faculties of Dentistry to generate a type of culture and pro-environmental awareness. Likewise, point out how simple it is to pleasantly and relaxingly green our educational and work environment, as well as perform some ecological and environment, as well perform some ecological and environment, dental practices in private practice that cost little or nothing and that, on the contrary, the great positive effect that these will have on the environment and the reduction of current pollution levels. If we truly manage to generate a new culture and awareness that cares about the environment in the field of Dentistry, the results for all will be reflected in a better social, educational, work and health environment (AU)
Subject(s)
Dentistry/trends , Environment , Environmental Pollution/prevention & control , Awareness , Climate Change , Dental Equipment/trends , Sustainable Development IndicatorsABSTRACT
Esta reflexión plantea una auto interpelación e instala a la odontología mi odontología en el escenario global de la salud. Cada pregunta formulada reproduce una certeza con- templada o vivida; cada hipótesis representa una duda espe- ranzada. Los actores de la odontología deberemos dar res- puestas a las preguntas que nos formula el siglo XXI porque "la salud global se construye mediante un préstamo que nos está haciendo el mañana" (AU)
In this reflection, I ask myself questions and situate den- tistry my dentistry in the global health scenario. Each ques- tion replicates a certainty that has been considered or expe- rienced, and each hypothesis expresses a hopeful doubt. As actors involved in dentistry, we will have to provide answers to the questions posed by the 21st century, because "global health is constructed based on time being loaned to us by the future" (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Global Health , Dentistry/trends , Education, Dental/trends , Technical Cooperation , Education, Medical/trends , Evidence-Based Dentistry/trends , COVID-19ABSTRACT
O Cirurgião-Dentista, no passado, era capacitado a trabalhar apenas com técnicas tradicionais e individualistas, em consultórios particulares. Na atualidade, as Instituições de Ensino Superior juntamente com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) permitem que esses profissionais tenham a integração do ensino-serviço em Saúde Pública durante a sua formação acadêmica. O aprendizado da Saúde Pública a partir dos estágios supervisionados no Sistema Único de Saúde visa a qualidade da formação profissional. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a importância do aprendizado de Saúde Pública na graduação em Odontologia. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica baseada na literatura especializada, realizada através de consultas a artigos científicos selecionados, utilizando os bancos de dados online daPubMed, Lilacs e Bireme. Estudos evidenciam que as DCNs em Odontologia foram responsáveis pela elaboração de orientações sobre as políticas educacionais brasileiras, as quais se integraram com o sistema de Saúde Pública. As modificações ocorridas ao longo do processo histórico da formação dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas são benéficas, entretanto, ainda é considerada uma dificuldade para Instituições de Ensino Superior. O ensino-aprendizado da Saúde Pública para os alunos de graduação em Odontologia permite a formação do profissional com visão abrangente, possibilitando a construção do senso crítico, habilidades humanas e éticas sobre suas atividades profissionais na rede de serviço de saúde.
The Dental Surgeon, in the past, was able to work only with traditional and individualistic techniques in private offices. Currently, Higher Education Institutions and the National Curriculum Guidelines allow these professionals to integrate teaching-service in Public Health into their academic training. The learning of Public Health in the supervised intern-ships in the Unified Health System aims at elevating the quality of professional training. The objective is to report the importance of Public Health learning in undergraduate den-tistry courses. This is a bibliographic review based on specialized literature and carried out through consultations of selected scientific articles using the online databases PubMed, Li-lacs, and Bireme. Studies show that the National Curricular Guidelines in Dentistry were responsible for elaborating guidelines on Brazilian educational policies integrated with the Public Health System. Changes that occurred during the historical process of the Dental Surgeons formation are beneficial; however, it is still considered a difficulty for Higher Education Institutions. Teaching-learning of Public Health for undergraduate students in Dentistry allows the training of professionals with an in-depth view, enabling the construc-tion of a critical sense and human and ethical skills about their professional activities in the health service network.
Subject(s)
Dentistry/trends , Students, Dental , Public Health/educationABSTRACT
RESUMEN: La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el Coronavirus 2 del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave (SARS-CoV-2). La mayoría de los pacientes infectados con SARS-CoV-2 tiene una evolución asintomática o leve. Sin embargo, una parte de los infectados presentará un deterioro en su condición de salud, desarrollando una neumonía aguda grave, que puede producir la muerte. Las personas vinculadas a las clínicas odontológicas están en riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2, pues la saliva es un importante método de transmisión del virus. Por su naturaleza, la atención odontológica se realiza a corta distancia del paciente, con constante exposición a saliva, sangre y otros fluidos corporales, y es frecuente el manejo de instrumentos cortopunzantes. Por consiguiente, los elementos de protección personal cobran gran importancia y las reglamentaciones de la autoridad sanitaria en el contexto de la pandemia que actualmente se vive deben cumplirse a cabalidad, debido a obligaciones éticas y legales. En esta revisión narrativa se revisa y discute la reglamentación de la autoridad sanitaria que involucra las prestaciones odontológicas en el contexto del COVID-19, cómo se aplicará en las clínicas universitarias y cómo complementar la normativa con la evidencia científica disponible.
ABSTRACT: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Coronavirus 2 of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). The majority of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have an asymptomatic or mild evolution. However, a part of those infected will present a deterioration in their health condition, developing severe acute pneumonia, which can lead to death. People linked to dental clinics are at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, since saliva is an important method of transmission of the virus. Due to its nature, dental care is performed at a short distance from the patient, with constant exposure to saliva, blood and other body fluids, and the use of sharp instruments is frequent. Consequently, the elements of personal protection are very important and the regulations of the health authority in the context of the current pandemic must be fully complied with, due to ethical and legalobligations. This narrative review reviews and discusses the regulation of the health authority that involves dental services in the context of COVID-19, how it will be applied in university clinics and how to complement the regulations with the available scientific evidence.
Subject(s)
Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Dental Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Dental Care/standards , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Dentistry/trends , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , Students, Dental , Universities/standards , Chile , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Dentists , Legislation as TopicABSTRACT
A incorporação de novas tecnologias e métodos para proporcionar um atendimento odontológico mais confortável, humano e menos invasivo, propiciou o uso de terapias alternativas e complementares em Odontologia. Objetivo: revisar a literatura e assim fornecer ao cirurgião-dentista maiores informações a respeito dos recursos alternativos e complementares utilizados no consultório odontológico. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando termos Decs e operadores boleanos. As bases de dados consultadas foram Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo e Google Scholar, no ano de 2020, e após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 65 estudos, dentre estudos clínicos randomizados e não-randomizados, estudos observacionais, revisões sistemáticas e não sistemáticas. Resultados e Discussão: Destaca-se as terapias: Acupuntura, Crioterapia, Fitoterapia, Hipnose, Homeopatia, Laserterapia, Massoterapia, Musicoterapia, Ozonioterapia, Terapia fotodinâmica e Toxina Botulínica, nas suas diversas pluralidades de aplicação, não somente para a área odontológica, mas na integralização com diversos campos, atuando no físico e psíquico. Conclusão: Diante dos achados, pode-se concluir que grande parte das terapias complementares são bem empregadas em Odontologia. Entretanto, mais evidências científicas são essenciais para o desempenho de tais práticas. Isto as tornará eficazes e seguras, tanto na atenção à saúde em âmbito público, quanto privado, permitindo à população brasileira beneficiar-se das terapias como alternativas eficientes e de baixo custo.
The incorporation of new technologies and methods to provide a more comfortable, humane and less invasive dental care, favored the use of alternative and complementary therapies in Dentistry. Objective: to review the literature and thus provide the dentist with more information about alternative and complementary resources used in the dental office. Materials and Methods: The research was carried out using terms Decs and Boolean operators. The databases consulted were Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and Google Scholar, in 2020, and after applying the eligibility criteria, 65 studies were selected, among randomized and non-randomized clinical studies, observational studies, systematic reviews and non- systematic. Results and Discussion: Therapies stand out: Acupuncture, Cryotherapy, Phytotherapy, Hypnosis, Homeopathy, Laser Therapy, Massage Therapy, Music Therapy, Ozone Therapy, Photodynamic Therapy and Botulinum Toxin, in their diverse application areas, not only in the dental field, but in integration with several fields, working in the physical and psychic. Conclusion: Given the findings, it can be concluded that most complementary therapies are well used in dentistry. However, more scientific evidence is essential for the performance of such practices. This will make them effective and safe, both in public and private health care, allowing the Brazilian population to benefit from therapies as efficient and low-cost alternatives.
Subject(s)
Dentistry/trends , Complementary Therapies , Dental Care , General Practice, Dental/methodsABSTRACT
Abstract Recent new zoonotic respiratory viruses have infected humans and led to severe acute respiratory syndrome: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), influenza A H5N1, influenza A H1N1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The first SARS-CoV outbreak took place in 2003, in Guangdong, China. A decade later, another pathogenic coronavirus, MERS-CoV caused an endemic in Middle Eastern countries. The latest pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has been related to the newly isolated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For the first time since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s. Dentistry is facing a new turning point. This critical review aims to discuss the impact of COVID-19 infection on oral health care. In dental practice COVID-19 patients are the main source of infection and symptomatic patients are more contagious. Dentists can be first line of diagnosis of the disease, as they work in close contact with patients and are at the risk of being affected by COVID-19 and all respiratory infections. Several guidelines for dental practice environments have been published by dental associations and regulatory boards. It is already evident that biological, psychological and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have present and future impacts on dental practice. Dental schools, regulatory boards, scientific associations, government authorities, and public and private health care services must join efforts to design enduring answers for severe and long-standing viral challenges.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral , Coronavirus Infections , Dentistry/trends , Pandemics , Dental Care , Infection Control , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Betacoronavirus , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Resumen La ingeniería tisular es un área científica multidisciplinaria la cual tiene como finalidad terapéutica restaurar, sustituir o incrementar las actividades funcionales de los tejidos orgánicos. Objetivos: Realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre la ingeniería tisular a nivel del área bucomaxilofacial. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica mediante los portales PubMed MEDLINE, Google Scholar, y LILACS, usando los términos "células madre, regeneración ósea y factores de crecimiento tisular". Resultados: Se obtuvieron 193 resultados positivos, de los cuales 24 se utilizaron para el desarrollo del presente trabajo. Discusión: Han sido expuestos varios biomateriales capaces de propiciar la neoformación ósea, siendo esencial su correcta manipulación, la conformación de una arquitectura adecuada y la sinergia de las diversas propiedades. Conclusiones: Los andamios son los que brindan mayor oferta para su uso y la elección de cada uno de ellos no depende del material en sí mismo.
Resumo: A engenharia de tecidos é uma área científica multidisciplinar cujo objetivo é restaurar, substituir e aumentar as atividades funcionais dos tecidos orgânicos. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar a literatura sobre engenharia de tecidos no nível da área bucomaxilofacial. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica no portals PubMed MEDLINE, Google Scholar, e LILACS, utilizando os termos "células-tronco, regeneração óssea e fatores de crescimento tecidual". Resultados: foram obtidos 193 resultados positivos, dos quais 24 foram utilizados para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Discussão: Vários biomateriais capazes de promover a neoformação óssea foram expostos, sendo sua manipulação correta, a conformação de uma arquitetura adequada e a sinergia das várias propriedades. Conclusões: são os andaimes que oferecem a melhor oferta para seu uso e a escolha de cada um não depende do material propriamente dito.
Abstract Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary scientific area that has the therapeutic purpose of restoring, replacing, or increasing the functional activities of organic tissues. Objective: This work aims to review the literature on tissue engineering in oral and maxillofacial procedures. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted in PubMed MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and LILACS, using the terms "stem cells," "bone regeneration," and "tissue growth factors." Results: In total, 193 positive results were obtained, of which 24 were used for this paper. Discussion: Several biomaterials capable of promoting bone neoformation have been described. They need to be adequately manipulated and have the right architecture and achieve the synergy of the various properties. Conclusions: Scaffolds have the widest uses, and selecting one does not depend on the material itself.
Subject(s)
Bone Regeneration , Tissue Engineering , Stem Cells , Dentistry/trendsABSTRACT
Nanotecnología es la ciencia que involucra la síntesis de materiales en escala entre 1-100 nm (nanomateriales) es aplicable en diferentes áreas tales como medio ambiente, electrónica, alimentos, energía, entre otros. Los campos que serán relevantes dentro de esta revisión y explicados en detalle son la nanomedicina y la nano-odontología. Actualmente, en estas áreas los tres principales temas en desarrollo son específicamente en el sub-área de la nanobiotecnología y corresponden a: sensorización (biosensores/biodetección), diagnóstico (biomarcadores/bioimagen) y transportes de genes, proteínas o fármacos (sistemas de intercambio controlado en blancos sistémicos versus localizados). También se han presentado avances en bioaplicaciones como modelamientos de membranas, marcaje celular, entrega de agentes a blancos específicos, estrategias para prevención de enfermedades, ingeniería de tejidos, regeneración de órganos, estrategias de inmunoensayos y nano-oncología. Este artículo de revisión pretende abordar algunos de los aportes más relevantes, que tienen algunos de los trabajos recientes, sobre los sistemas de nanopartículas, principalmente aquellos dirigidos a terapias en áreas como diabetes, nano-oncología, terapia de fármacos y genes, mediante la técnica layer-by-layer y autoensamblado, muy utilizados también en ingeniería de tejidos y regeneración tisular, junto a un breve resumen de los avances que existen en el campo de la nano-odontología.
Nanotechnology is the science that involves the synthesis of materials in scale between 1-100 nm (nanomaterials) and is applicable in different areas such as environment, electronics, food, energy, among others. The fields that will be relevant within this review and explained in detail are nanomedicine and nano-dentistry. Currently, in these areas, the three main topics under development are specifically in the sub-area of nanobiotechnology and correspond to: sensorization (biosensors / biosensing), diagnostics (biomarkers / bioimaging) and transport of genes, proteins or drugs (exchange systems) controlled in systemic versus localized targets). Advances have also been presented in bioapplications such as membrane modeling, cell marking, delivery of agents to specific targets, strategies for disease prevention, tissue engineering, organ regeneration, immunoassay strategies and nano-oncology. This review article aims to address some of the most relevant contributions, some of the recent work, on nanoparticle systems, mainly those aimed at therapies in areas such as diabetes, nanooncology, drug and gene therapy, through the layer-by-layer and self-assembled technique, also widely used in tissue engineering and tissue regeneration, together with a brief summary of the advances that exist in the field of nano-dentistry.
Subject(s)
Nanomedicine/trends , Polymers/chemistry , Bone Regeneration , Biosensing Techniques , Genetic Therapy , Drug Delivery Systems , Tissue Engineering , Nanotechnology , Dentistry/trends , Quantum Dots , Medical Oncology/trendsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a dental model fabricated using the CAD/CAM milling method and the 3D printing method. materials and method: this study was conducted in sequence of the digitization of the master model using an intraoral scanner, the manufacturing of working models (milling model, Multi-jet printing model and color-jet printing model) by using the scan data of the master model, the digitization of the working model by using a laboratory scanner, the superimposition of the digital data of the master model and working models using inspection software, and 3-dimensional analysis. ten measurements per group were done by one practitioner. one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test were performed to compare the difference between the three groups. results: the overall difference in models caused by the manufacturing method was measured as 73.05µm±9.64µm, 84.52µm±4.78µm, and 96.05µm±5.43µm in the milling group, multi-jet printing group and color-jet printing group, respectively. the difference according to the shape of the teeth, the abutment teeth among the three parts was recorded with the lowest values as 19.18±2.08µm, 77.10±7.48µm, and 56.63±4.58µm. conclusions: dental models manufactured by the CAD/CAM milling method presented superior accuracy over the models manufactured by the 3D printing method. therefore, the use of optimized CAD software and appropriate materials is crucial for the fabrication accuracy of dental models.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants , Computer-Aided Design/trends , Dentistry/methods , Dentistry/trends , Printing, Three-Dimensional/trends , Software , Dental Impression Technique/trends , Denture Design/methods , Denture Design/trendsABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Esta revisión está concebida con el propósito de analizar la situación actual de la odontología en Colombia. La revisión se centra en la inoperancia y desregulación del estado sin un modelo planificador sobre la estructura del sistema de salud actual, como causa principal de la sobreoferta profesional, así como del sobretratamiento. Está dividida en dos grandes secciones (orígenes y consecuencias), en los que se busca hacer conexas situaciones concomitantes. En orígenes se trata sobre el tema ético, la realidad desregulatoria e inoperante de los mandos y gremios profesionales, el nivel de evidencia humildemente traducido a la práctica diaria y la necesaria autodeterminación profesional que guie hacia una mejor caracterización entre el paciente saludable y el paciente enfermo, que restrinja el sobretratamiento que está cada vez más cerca a la iatrogenia. En la sección consecuencias, algunos ejemplos de excesos facultativos que se ven reflejados en terapias sin justificación y redundantes que vulneran al paciente. El cambio por un mejor rumbo a futuro debe originarse en la autodeterminación de aquellos objetores de conciencia comprometidos con responsabilidad compartida: El estado Colombiano y sus entes reguladores, los programas académicos que impactan en la conciencia de sus orientados, como el profesional con una meditación íntima y autocrítica que venza los escenariosterapéuticos en contravía del paciente saludable.
ABSTRACT: This review was conceived with the purpose of analysing the current situation of dentistry in Colombia, The review focuses on the inoperability and deregulation of the state without a regulatory model for an actual health system structure as a principal cause of the professional oversupply and over-treatment. It is divided into two major sections (origins and consequences), which seek to make concomitant situations related. In origins, the ethical issue, the deregulatory and inoperative reality of the professional commands and guilds, the level of evidence humbly translated into daily practice and the necessary professional self-determination that guides a better characterization between the healthy patient and the sick patient trying to restricts the over-treatment that is increasingly close to iatrogeny. In consequences section, some facultative excesses examples that are reflected in redundant therapies without justification that victimizes patients. The change for a better course for the future must originate in the selfdetermination of those conscientious objectors committed with shared responsibility: The Colombian state and its regulatory bodies, academic programs that impact on the conscience of its orientated, and the professional with an intimate meditation and self-criticism that overcomes the therapeutic scenarios in wrong way of the healthy patient.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dentistry/trends , Ethics, Dental , Orthodontics/ethics , Colombia , Health Vulnerability , Medical OveruseABSTRACT
El efecto Doppler es la base científica de la flujometría láser Doppler. El efecto fue descrito por primera vez en el año de 1842 por el físico austriaco Christian Doppler en su tratado Über das farbige licht der doppelsterne und einige andere gestirne des himmels (Sobre el color de la luz en estrellas binarias y otros astros). Este principio ha permitido desarrollar técnicas y aparatos que han sido empleados en el ramo médico para medir la perfusión en diversos órganos y tejidos del cuerpo, y que han sido útiles como método diagnóstico. En la odontología, poco a poco comienza a reportarse información acerca del uso del Doppler en las diversas estructuras bucodentales, y ha demostrado ser no invasivo y de gran utilidad diagnóstica. Son pocos los estudios reportados en la rama de la odontología en cuanto a esta nueva tecnología; es importante comenzar líneas de investigación apoyadas en ella para beneficio de los pacientes.
The Doppler eff ect, the scientifi c basis of laser Doppler fl owmetry, wasfi rst described in 1842 by Austrian physicist Christian Doppler in histreatise Über das farbige Licht der doppelsterne und einige andere gestirnedes Himmels (On the Colored Light of the Binary Stars and SomeOther Stars of the Heavens). This principle has led to the developmentof techniques and devices that have been used in the fi eld of medicineto measure perfusion in various organs and tissues, and have provideda useful method of diagnosis. In dentistry, information on the use ofthis method in the various structures of the mouth has slowly begunto be published. As a result, the need for its continued use in the fi eldof oral health has become evident, given that it has proven to be noninvasiveand extremely useful in diagnosis. It is a diagnostic technique that is commonly used in healthcare and has been widely developedin the fi eld of medicine, yet there have been few reported studies of it suse in dentistry, which is an important step towards opening new linesof research based on this new technology for the benefi t of patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry/standards , Laser-Doppler Flowmetry/trends , Dentistry/trends , Wound Healing/radiation effects , Tooth/radiation effects , Tooth Fractures/diagnosis , Technology, Dental/trends , Mouth Mucosa/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Los sitios de comunicación y encuentro disponibles en Internet han incrementado exponencialmente en los últimos años. Los portales que permiten esta interacción virtual son conocidos comúnmente como redes sociales. En el 2008, se creó ResearchGate, la cual es actualmente la red social más exitosa enfocada a la comunidad científica, y esta red incluye a los profesores e investigadores del área de las ciencias de salud oral en México. El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar el sitioweb ResearchGate para facilitar su conocimiento y uso en beneficio de los cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología. Destacan las siguientes funciones de ResearchGate como las de mayor relevancia: la conexión y colaboración entre colegas, el compartir publicaciones, la realización de preguntas y respuestas, ofrecimiento y búsqueda de trabajo científico, además de una nueva manera de evaluar la reputación científica (puntuación ResearchGate). Por lo tanto, concluimos que este sitio puede ser considerado una red social de alto valor para el gremioodontológico y científicos de las ciencias de la salud...
Subject(s)
Humans , Internet , Social Media/trends , Social Networking , Dental Research/trends , Journalism, Dental , Dentistry/trendsABSTRACT
La ingeniería tisular (IT) ha sido considerada un campo interdisciplinario, aplicando los principios de ciencias de ingeniería y biología para el desarrollo de sustitutos biológicos que restauran, mantienen o mejoran la función tisular. Se basa en el entendimiento de losprincipios del crecimiento tisular, y su aplicación, para producir reemplazo de tejidos para uso clínico. Se consideran determinantes para el éxito de la IT las Stem Cells (células madre), morfógenos y las scaffolds (constructos). Poner en práctica dicha disciplina requiere elempleo de estrategias terapéuticas biológicas que apuntan a reemplazar, reparar, mantener y/o mejorar la función tisular. El objetivo de este trabajo, ha sido realizar una actualización sobre nuevos conocimientos emergentes de las últimas publicaciones científicas realizadas en el ámbito de esta nueva disciplina. Para ello se realizó una exhaustiva búsqueda de información en la base de datos de Pubmed. Actualmente, la IT concentra sus esfuerzos en lograr la regeneración de tejidos dentarios y para dentarios, así como en lograr la obtención de una pieza dental completa. Su avance clínico ha sido notable. Se han reportado artículos publicados que ya evidencian su aplicación en periodoncia, cirugía, implantología, rehabilitación oral y endodoncia. Si bien, estrategias de la IT ya se utilizan clínicamente en odontología, su rápido desarrollo se convierte entonces en un gran desafío e incógnita tanto para quienes ejercen la profesión en la actualidad, como para aquellos que se encuentran en plena formación académica. Tomar conocimiento de logros y avances resulta entonces fundamental, ya que podría convertirse en un futuro próximo, en una herramienta de uso habitual.
Tissue engineering (TE) is considered an interdisciplinary field, and applies principles of engineering and biology to develop biologicalsubstitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. It is based on the application of the principles of tissue growth to producetissue replacement for clinical use. Stem cells, morphogens, and scaffolds are determinant to the success of TE. Implementation of TErequires the use of biological therapeutic strategies aiming to replace, repair, maintain, and/or improve tissue function. The objective ofthe present work was to perform an update of new knowledge presented in recent scientific publications in this field. For this purpose, weconducted an extensive search for information on Pubmed. At present, TE focuses on achieving regeneration of dental and para-dentaltissues, as well as on obtaining a whole tooth. There have been outstanding clinical advances in this field. There are reports showingsuccessful application of TE in periodontics, surgery, implantology, oral rehabilitation and endodontics. Although TE strategies arealready used in dentistry, their rapid development poses a great challenge both to current practitioners and to those who are in the midst oftheir academic training. Gaining an awareness of the achievements and advances in TE is therefore essential, since it could become widelyapplied in the near future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Tissue Scaffolds/trends , Tissue Engineering/methods , Dentistry/trends , Stem Cells , Dental Implants , Dental Research , Endodontics , Biocompatible Materials/classification , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Morphogenesis/physiology , Periodontics , Surgery, Oral , Tissue Culture Techniques/methodsABSTRACT
Las ciencias básicas, la medicina oral y los nuevos avanzces en biotecnología y bioinformática constituyen un gran campo de investigación dentro de la odontología actual. En este sentido, dichos avances están proporcionandoun nuevo conjunto de estrategias terapéuticas para el manejo clínico de los pacientes con dolencias dentales y craneofaciales. Es importante destacar que las disciplinas relacionadas con las ciencias básicas, la medicina oral, la biotecnología y la bioinformática, han contribuido de manera trascendental al entendimiento de la fisiología y lasdiversas patologías que afectan las condiciones de normalidad del sistema bucal. La ingeniería tisular se considera como un enfoque prometedor para la odontología regenerativa, con el objetivofinal de reemplazar morfológica y funcionalmente los tejidos periodontales y/o los dientes perdidos a través dela síntesis in vitro de sustitutos análogos tisulares, considerando que el diente y las estructuras periodontales son importantes órganos del complejo craneofacial, los tratamientos utilizados para las enfermedades que los afectan no lo restauran completamente. La odontología clínica está incursionando en una nueva era en donde el enfoque terapéutico es el uso de terapia génica, terapia celular, ingeniería tisular y lamedicina regenerativa, ampliando el arsenal de posibilidades para nuestros pacientes. Una línea de investigaciónfundamental en ingeniería tisular y medicina regenerativa son las células madres. Como parte de los nuevos avances de la odontología a nivel mundial, científicos e investigadores del mundo aplican la bioingeniería para lograr reconstrucciones maxilofaciales,regeneraciones óseas y reconstrucciones de piezas dentales a partir de células madre como parte de tratamientos inovadores...