Sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with occupational contact dermatitis seen at a work-related dermatology service, 2000 - 2014

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational dermatoses are common, especially contact dermatitis. Epidemiological studies on these dermatoses are scarce in Brazil and they are necessary as part of the public policy to protect workers' health. OBJECTIVES: To identify sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with occupational contact dermatitis seen between 2000 and 2014 at an occupational dermatology service. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional and retrospective study, based on information obtained from the service's database. RESULTS: Of 560 patients with conclusive patch test, 289 (46.9%) presented occupational dermatoses and 213 occupational contact dermatitis with predominance of the allergic type in relation to the irritative type (149:64 respectively). The odds of occupational dermatoses were higher among men and lower among patients aged 50 years or older and with higher level of education. Regarding the possibility of presenting occupational allergic contact dermatitis, only the gender variable was statistically significant. The professions most seen were cleaners, construction workers, painters, mechanics/metallurgists and cooks. The commonest allergens were nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride, carba-mix and formaldehyde. STUDY LIMITATIONS: The main limitations of this study are the fact that it was carried out in a tertiary service of occupational dermatoses and the lack of access to some allergens outside the patch test baseline series. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to identify the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with suspected occupational contact dermatitis seen at the Service, beyond the professional groups and allergens related to a high risk of occupational contact dermatitis in this population.

Dermatoses ocupacionais registradas em sistema de notificação na região Sul do Brasil (2007 a 2016) / Occupational dermatoses registered in a notification system in the southern region of Brazil (2007 to 2016)

Introdução: As dermatoses ocupacionais são doenças de notificação compulsória no Brasil. Objetivo: Caracterizar a notificação das dermatoses ocupacionais no Sul do Brasil e descrever o perfil desses trabalhadores. Método: Descritivo, retrospectivo de 396 casos de dermatoses ocupacionais entre 2007-e 2016 no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Resultados: Em relação ao sexo, houve 3,6 casos a cada 10 mil trabalhadores/ano do sexo masculino e 2,2 casos a cada 10 mil trabalhadores/ano do sexo feminino. A faixa etária com maior incidência foi entre 50 e 64 anos, com 1,8 caso a cada 10 mil trabalhadores/ano. Destacaram-se os trabalhadores de manutenção e reparação, com 3,6 casos a cada 10 mil trabalhadores/ano. Em relação à raça/cor, houve predomínio de trabalhadores brancos (77%); já a escolaridade mais acometida foi entre trabalhadores com Ensino Fundamental incompleto (37,9%). O teste de contato foi realizado em apenas 11,4% dos casos. Conclusão: Torna-se necessário reforçar medidas para o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, bem como aprimoramento das notificações e sensibilização dos profissionais de saúde para o registro correto nos sistemas oficiais

Background: Occupational dermatoses must be mandatorily reported in Brazil. Objective: To characterize the reporting of occupational dermatoses in the Brazilian South region, and describe the profile of the involved workers. Method: Retrospective and descriptive study of 396 cases of occupational dermatoses reported from 2007 through 2016 via the Information System for Notifiable Diseases. Results: 3.6 and 2.2 cases / 10,000 workers / year were of men and women, respectively. The highest incidence of occupational dermatoses corresponded to age range 50 to 64 years old, 1.8 cases / 10,000 workers / year, and to maintenance and repair workers, 3.6 cases / 10,000 workers / year. Most cases involved whites (77%) and workers not having completed elementary school (37.6%). Patch testing was only performed for 11.4% of cases. Conclusion: Reinforcing measures to promote the use of personal protective equipment is necessary, as well as to improve reporting and sensitize professionals to perform accurate reports in official systems.

Occupational dermatoses reported in Brazil from 2007 to 2014

Abstract: Background: Occupational diseases are very prevalent in the world, especially in developing countries. Occupational dermatoses are responsible for most of these cases. However, epidemiological studies are rare in Brazil. Objectives: To verify the panorama of occupational skin diseases in Brazil describing frequencies of work-related dermatoses and their sociodemographic and occupational patterns. Methods: We used retrospective data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, (from 2007-2014) tabulated with the Tab program for Windows - TabWin12. We used intentional non-probability sampling and sequential selection, considering all notified occupational dermatoses. Results: All cases of occupational dermatoses referred to in the period were analyzed (n = 4710). Males and the age group of 35-49 years were the most affected. The most affected body area was the upper limb (34.2%) and the hand (25.4%). The "causative agent" field in the forms was not filled in 69.4% of cases, with chrome as the most prevalent cause reported (11.8%). ICD-10 codes more prevalent were L23, L24, and L25, corresponding to 34.2% of the sample. In total, 29% of patients needed to take a sick leave. No cases evolved to death and there were 0.2% of total as permanent disability. Study limitations: The amount of missing information for various items in the system draws attention. Conclusions: Treatment of patients with occupational dermatitis include the identification and removal of the causative agent and specific treatment of the disease. Diagnosis delay in cases of occupational dermatoses brings social and financial consequences to the work and life of workers.

Doença alérgica ocupacional: aspectos socioepidemiológicos em ambulatório especializado na cidade de São Paulo / Occupational allergic disease: socio-epidemiological aspects from a specialized outpatient clinic at the city of Sao Paulo

Introdução: Doença ocupacional envolvendo o sistema imunológico é considerada doença alérgica ocupacional (DAO). Das doenças ocupacionais, 15% são alérgicas. As consequências sociais do diagnóstico de DAO são importantes para o trabalhador e empregador. Objetivos: Descrever características demográficas e clínicas dos pacientes estudados com DAO e seus desfechos sociais. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo dos prontuários de pacientes do ambulatório de alergia ocupacional de hospital universitário em São Paulo, com diagnóstico de DAO. Resultados: 72 pacientes apresentaram DAO, com idades entre 21 e 89 anos; 52% do sexo masculino. Antecedentes atópicos foram descritos em 35% dos pacientes. A maioria dos pacientes trabalhava nas áreas de indústria química (17%), limpeza (15%), construção civil (11%) e saúde (8%). Rinite ocupacional foi vista em 26% dos pacientes; asma relacionada ao trabalho, em 18%; asma e rinite, em 25%; dermatite de contato alérgica, em 13%. Sobre o desfecho social, 36 (50%) mantiveram-se em seus cargos, 19 (26%) mudaram de função, 7 (10%) mudaram de área, 7 (10%) foram afastados e 3 (4%) se aposentaram. Conclusões: Na casuística estudada, a DAO prevaleceu no sexo masculino, em faixa etária condizente com faixa trabalhadora; com maior número de casos de rinite ocupacional. Metade dos pacientes continuou exercendo a mesma função mesmo após o diagnóstico.

Background: Occupational diseases involving the immune system are considered as occupational allergic diseases (OAD); 15% of occupational diseases are allergic. The social consequences of OAD are significant for both workers and employers. Objectives: To describe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with OAD and their social outcomes. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study of the medical records of patients diagnosed with OAD and cared at the occupational allergy clinic of a university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Results: A total of 72 patients exhibited OAD, with age from 21 to 89 years old; 52% were male. Atopic antecedents were described for 35% of patients. Most patients worked in the chemical industry (17%), cleaning (15%), construction (11%) and health (8%). Occupational rhinitis was found in 26% of the patients, work-related asthma in 18%, asthma and rhinitis in 25%, and allergic contact dermatitis in 13%. In regard to the social outcomes, 36 (50%) remained in their job, 19 (26%) changed function, 7 (10%) changed work area, 7 (10%) were fired and 3 (4%) retired. Conclusions: In the present study, OAD prevailed in males and the economically active age; cases of occupational rhinitis were the most frequent. Half of the employees remained in the same function even after diagnosis.

Caracterización de la Dermatitis ocupacional en pacientes evaluados en consulta de Dermatología / Characterization of the occupational Dermatitis in patients evaluated in consultation of Dermatology

Introducción: La Dermatitis ocupacional es una inflamación de la piel provocada por el entorno laboral o contacto de una sustancia perjudicial, siendo considerada el problema de salud más frecuente en el ámbito laboral. Objetivo: Describir las características de los pacientes con Dermatitis ocupacional atendidos en una consulta de Dermatología durante 2015. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva transversal con una muestra de 56 personas diagnosticadas con esta enfermedad y que acudieron a consulta de Dermatología del Policlinico Pedro Fonseca durante todo 2015. Resultados: El 58,9 por ciento fue del sexo femenino, quienes llevaban más de 5 años de trabajo e iniciaron los síntomas más de 12 meses antes. El 100 por ciento de los pacientes tenían lesiones eritematosas y 94,6 por ciento presentaron liquenificación. La presentación de las lesiones costrosas fue de 69,6 por ciento más evidente en manos y muñecas. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con diagnóstico de Dermatitis ocupacional fueron los más frecuentes en la consulta de Dermatología de nuestra área de salud durante 2015. La Dermatitis ocupacional atópica superó en número de casos diagnosticados y en severidad de las lesiones a la Dermatitis ocupacional irritativa, siendo además la de mayor tiempo de evolución de los síntomas(AU)

Introduction: The occupational Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by the labor environment or contact of a harmful substance, being considered the more frequent health problem in the labor environment. Objective: To describe the characteristics of the patients with occupational Dermatitis assisted in a consultation of Dermatology during 2015. Material and Methods: He/she was carried out a traverse descriptive investigation with a sample of 56 people diagnosed with this illness and that they went to consultation of Dermatology of the Policlinic Pedro Fonseca during everything 2015. Results: 58,9 percent was of the feminine sex who had more than 5 years of work and they began the symptoms before more than 12 months. 100 percent of the patients had erythematous lesions and 94,6 percent of them presented lichenification. The presentation of the scabby lesions was of 69,6 more evident percent in hands and risks. Conclusions: The patients with diagnostic of occupational Dermatitis were the most frequent in the consultation of Dermatology of our health area during 2015. The atopic occupational Dermatitis overcame in number of diagnosed cases and in severity of the lesions to the occupational irritating Dermatitis, being also the one with the bigger time of evolution of the symptoms(AU)

Prevalência de agravos de pele e fatores associados em trabalhadores de uma empresa agropecuária do sul do Brasil / Prevalence of skin disease and associated factors in workers of an agricultural company in Southern Brazil

Contexto: Apesar da proteção conferida à saúde pela pele e anexos, há fatores que podem atingir esse órgão, provocando nele importantes agravos. Entre tais fatores estão os ocupacionais. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência e analisar os fatores associados com problemas de pele, em geral autorrelatados, causados pelo trabalho. Métodos: O presente estudo, de corte transversal, entrevistou trabalhadores de uma empresa agropecuária do sul do Brasil. O instrumento da pesquisa foi um questionário semiestruturado com questões abertas e fechadas, aplicado por meio de entrevistas. Resultados: Dos 326 trabalhadores da empresa, foram entrevistados 273 (83,8%), e foi encontrada uma prevalência de agravos de pele de 15,2%. Houve maior ocorrência de problemas de pele em homens (16,8%), faixa etária dos 41 aos 50 anos (20,3%), associados com exposições ocupacionais, especialmente a poeiras. Conclusão: Conclui­se que é importante o gerenciamento dos riscos ambientais, uma vez que podem estar associados ao surgimento de problemas de pele relacionados ao trabalho.

Context: Despite the health protection provided by the skin and appendages, there are factors that can affect this organ, causing major skin injuries. Among such factors are the occupational ones. Objective: To describe the prevalence and to analyze the factors associated with generally self-reported skin problems caused by work. Methods: This cross-sectional study interviewed workers from an agricultural company in Southern Brazil. The research instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire containing opened and closed questions. Results: Out of the 326 employees in the company, 273 (83.8%) were interviewed. A prevalence of skin disorders of 15.2% was found. There was a greater occurrence of skin problems in men (16.8%), who were aged between 41 and 50 years (20.3%). These problems were associated with occupational exposures, especially to dust. Conclusion: It can be concluded that environmental risk management is important, as it may be associated with the occurrence of work-related skin problems.

Epidemiological analysis of occupational dermatitis notified in Brazil in the period 2007 to 2012

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational dermatitis affects the quality of life and productivity of workers. Studies on the subject are scarce in Brazil. It is estimated that the disease is underreported and that many affected patients do not seek health care. OBJECTIVES: To conduct an epidemiological analysis of occupational dermatitis notified via SINAN in Brazil from January 2007 to December 2012; evaluate the profile of patients assisted; and check the main etiological agents involved. METHODS: We analyzed the compulsory notification forms of cases of occupational dermatitis filled nationwide during January 2007 to December 2012. RESULTS: During the study period 3027 cases of occupational dermatitis were notified in Brazil. In 61.4% of cases patients were men aged between 35-49 years (39.6%). The most described etiological agent was chromium (13.9%). The location of the body most affected was the hands, with 28.4% of cases. The construction sector is implicated in 28.7% of cases and domestic services by 18%. Allergic contact dermatitis is the most prevalent occupational dermatitis (20.6%) and the region with the highest number of notifications was the Midwest, with 376.4 cases per million inhabitants. CONCLUSIONS: The profile of patients most affected by occupational dermatitis in Brazil during the study period was: men with elementary school, aged between 20 and 49 years old and working in the construction industry. The most common occupational dermatitis were allergic contact dermatitis caused by chromium after years of exposure, being the hands and head the parts of the body most affected.

Frequência da dermatite de contato ocupacional em ambulatório de alergia dermatológica / Frequency of occupational contact dermatitis in an ambulatory of dermatologic allergy

FUNDAMENTOS: A dermatite de contato ocupacional (DCO) corresponde a 80 por cento dos casos de dermatoses relacionadas ao trabalho. OBJETIVOS: Determinar: a frequência de DCO em pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de alergia, não específico de dermatose ocupacional; o perfil dos pacientes de acordo com idade, sexo, cor, profissão, antecedentes atópicos, duração e localização da dermatose; os tipos de dermatite de contato; os principais alérgenos; e comparar as frequências dos principais sensibilizantes com os resultados obtidos em pacientes atendidos no mesmo período, sem DCO. MÉTODOS: Durante o período 2003-2006, 630 pacientes foram atendidos e submetidos à bateria padrão de testes de contato. Selecionaram-se aqueles com DCO. RESULTADOS: Sessenta e nove (10,9 por cento) pacientes apresentaram DCO. A média de idade foi de 44,5 anos. As mãos foram acometidas em 48 (70 por cento) casos. As profissões prevalentes foram do lar (27,39 por cento) e construção civil (23; 33,5 por cento). Dermatite alérgica de contato (DAC) ocorreu em 48 (70 por cento) casos, e dermatite irritativa de contato (DIC), em 21 (30 por cento). Os principais sensibilizantes foram o bicromato de potássio (28; 41 por cento), sulfato de níquel (16; 23 por cento) e carba-mix (16; 23 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: A DCO foi diagnosticada em 10,9 por cento dos pacientes, sendo mais comum na faixa etária produtiva da população. DAC esteve presente em 48 casos, provavelmente influenciada pelo longo tempo de evolução da dermatose. Os metais e os componentes da borracha foram os principais sensibilizantes.

BACKGROUND: Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) corresponds to 80 percent of the cases of skin diseases related to work. OBJECTIVES: To determine: the frequency of OCD in an ambulatory of allergy not specific for occupational dermatosis; the profile of these patients according to age, gender, color, profession, atopic history, duration and localization of the dermatosis; the diagnosed types of contact dermatitis; the main allergens and to compare the frequency of the main antigens with the results obtained from patients examined in the same period of time, without DCO. METHODS: During the three-year period from 2003 to 2006, 630 patients were examined and submitted to a battery of standardized contact patch tests and those who were diagnosed with OCD were selected. RESULTS: Sixty-nine out of the 630 patients were diagnosed with OCD. The average age was 44.5 years. Forty-eight patients (70 percentof the cases) presented the disease on the hands. The most prevalent activities of patients suffering from the disease were household tasks (39 percent) and building construction (33 percent). The allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) occurred in 48 cases which represent 70 percent of the total number of cases and irritant contact dermatitis in 21 cases corresponding to 30 percent of the total number of cases. The main allergens were potassium dichromate 28 (41 percent), nickel sulfate 16 (23 percent) and carba-mix 16 (23 percent). CONCLUSION: OCD was present in 10.9 percent of the patients. Concerning age the group in which the disease was more commonly found corresponded to the most productive group of the population. ACD corresponded to 48 cases, probably influenced by the long period of evolution of the dermatosis. Metal and rubber chemicals were the commonest allergens.

Occupational contact dermatitis among the traditional 'tie and dye' cottage industry in Western Rajasthan.

BACKGROUND: Dyeing is an age-old process and forms an integral part of textile industries. Tying is a process by which a particular part of cloth is prevented from the process of dyeing. The skin diseases in workers engaged in the 'tie and dye' industry have not been extensively studied. AIMS: To study the prevalence of contact dermatitis among workers engaged in the 'tie and dye' industries in and around Jodhpur (Western Rajasthan). METHODS: One thousand three hundred workers engaged in 'tie and dye' work were evaluated for occupation-related dermatitis. Those with skin lesions were subjected to patch tests using 2% aqueous solution of the dyes and chemicals commonly used by them. These included direct dyes, VAT dyes, sulfur dyes and azo dyes. Fifty workers without skin lesions served as controls. RESULTS: One hundred patients (7.69%) had dermatitis involving the exposed sites, mainly the hands and forearms. Eighty-one patients showed positive reactions to one or more dyes, most commonly Red RC base (azo dye), followed by naphthol. CONCLUSION: Red RC base and naphthol were the commonest allergens in the 'tie and dye' industry.

Fragmentos capilares provocando paroníquia e onicólise em barbeiros/cabeleireiros: uma dermatose ocupacional / Hair fragments provoking paronychia and onycholysis in barbers/hair-dressers: an occupational dermatosis

Por meio da observaçäo da paroníquia e onicólise em paciente masculino, de 70 anos, barbeiro, provocada por fragmentos capilares, os autores realizaram um questionário junto aos barbeiros/cabeleireiros da cidade de Botucatu (SP), que evidenciou uma grande freqüência da dermatose

Occupational and other diseases among employees of some factories in Mosul area.

The skin disease is considered quiet prevalent complaint all over the world and cause great annoyance for the affected person and cause economic loss due to absence from work. One third [35%] of the 605 examined worker were suffering from skin disease. The study revealed the difference between the sex proportions of sickness is very highly significant [PM=0.2374, PF= 0.5600 AND Z= 8.582, P< 0.001].Acne vulgaris is the commonest skin disease encountered in the study followed by contact dermatitis then miscellaneous diseases

Dermatosis ocupacionales en la industria del cuero / Occupational dermatoses in the leather industry

Se estudiaron 440 operarios sobre un total de 1.100, en quince curtiembres, 269 (61,14%) presentaron dermatosis ocupacional; 82 (30,49) manifestaciones clínicas tipo eczema de manos y 187 (69,51%) reactividad a los parches de contacto. La implementación de diversas medidas de prevención fue efectiva para disminuir el porcentaje de afectados y numerosos juicios laborales que soportaban las empresas

Prevalência das dermatoses ocupacionais em operários da zona urbana de Campina Grande-PB, 1987 / Prevalence of occupational dermatosis in the factories of the urban area of Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil, 1987

Este estudo visa determinar a prevalência das Dermatoses Ocupacionais nas fábricas da área urbana de Campina Grande, e estabelecer um programa de controle e prevençäo integrado às atividades das disciplina de Dermatologia do Curso Médico do Centro de Ciências Básicas e da Saúde da UFPb - Campus II. Segundo os resultados, um dos fatores pré-disponentes para as Dermatoses Ocupacionais säo as Dermatoses pré-existentes, e que a cor preta apresenta uma maior resistência a adquirir Dermatose Ocupacional. Dos operários examinados nas fábricas, 8,3% apresentaram Dermatose Ocupacional. A faixa etária prevalente foi de adulto jovem com 54,5%. A cor preta obteve a menor prevalência com 9% e as cores parda e branca, ambas com 45,5%, a maior prevalência. O sexo masculino apresentou a maior prevalência, com 81,8%

Dermatosis profesional en la curtidora de pieles Mártires de Ñancahuazú / Occupational dermatosis at the Martires de Ñancahuazu Tannery

Se realiza un estudio en la Curtidora de Pieles "Mártires de Ñancahuazu" de la Ciudad de Matanzas, con el objetivo de conocer la morbilidad por afecciones cutáneas y, en particular por dermatosis ocupacionales. Se informa que las micosis representan el 32,7 , y la dermatosis profesional se diagnosticó en el 9,1 . Se indica que la elaioconiosis fue la forma clínica más frecuente. Se señala nuevamente la importancia del petróleo como agente causal de la dermatosis profesional

Dermatoses ocupacionais: estudo prospectivo de 500 pacientes / Occupational dermatoses: a prospective study of 500 cases

O autor fez um estudo prospectivo de 500 pacientes que apresentavam dermatoses ocupacionais. O referido estudo teve início em 17.11.80 e terminou em 04.07.84 quando atingiu o número preliminarmente estabelecido (500 pacientes). Observou maior incidência no sexo feminino (77,6%) que no masculino (22,4%); maior freqüencia na raça branca (78,2%); faixa etária prevalente dos 20 aos 44 anos; atingiu primordialmente as donas-de-casa (domésticas e "do lar"), estudantes, professores, zeladores, pedreiros e, em menor porcentual, a outras profissöes. A dermatite de contato foi a doença mais freqüente (52,61%) seguida pela paroníquia candidiásica (22,57%) e pelo erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica (10,44%)

Dermatitis ocupacional por cemento en la provincia Sancti Spiritus / Occupational dermatitis caused by cement at Sancti Spiritus province

Se estudió la prevalencia de dermatitis ocupacional por cemento en los trabajadores en contacto con éste en la provincia Sancti Spiritus. En la fábrica de cemento Siguaney se encontró índice bajo (1,6%). Se estima que la prevalencia de dermatitis por cemento en los trabajadores relacionados directamente en la construcción oscila entre el 8,6% y 17,7%. La gran mayoría de los casos desarrollaron una dermatitis de contacto de tipo irritativa. Se recomienda el uso de medios de protección individual para disminuir la morbilidad por dermatitis ocupacional al cemento en los trabajadores de la construcción de esta provincia