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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e260004, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1564968

ABSTRACT

Especializados na gestão dos processos da morte e do morrer, os agentes funerários são uma categoria profissional indispensável na sociedade contemporânea. Estudar esses profissionais, marcados por alto grau de invisibilidade social, torna-se extremamente relevante, sobretudo concebendo-os como sujeitos ativos no processo de análise de sua atividade. Nesse sentido, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a atividade de trabalho de agentes funerários a partir das contribuições teórico-metodológicas da Clínica da Atividade. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa-intervenção foram realizadas 23 observações participantes no local de trabalho, 15 entrevistas individuais e seis entrevistas em grupo, mediadas pelo uso da técnica de Instruções ao Sósia, com agentes funerários que trabalham em um grande grupo funerário no interior do nordeste brasileiro. A análise da atividade de trabalho nos levou à compreensão de que o fazer desses trabalhadores é muito mais do que lidar meramente com o corpo inerte, sem vida, mas demanda deles alto grau de habilidades para lidar com suas emoções e prestar apoio às famílias enlutadas. O gênero profissional da atividade dos agentes funerários fornece importantes maneiras desses trabalhadores se portarem. Diante das imprevisibilidades e impedimentos presentes nas rotinas de trabalho, cada agente funerário age de um jeito, estiliza seu fazer, mas há aqueles modos de agir que são compartilhados, o que permite a construção do modo coletivo do agir profissional, tornando a atividade do agente funerário uma constante mescla do coletivo e do singular.(AU)


Specialized in the management of death processes, funeral agents are an indispensable professional category in contemporary society. It is extremely relevant to study these professionals who endure a high degree of social invisibility, especially by considering them as active subjects in the process of analyzing their own activities. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the work activity of funerary agents using the theoretical-methodological contributions of Clinical Activity. To develop this research-intervention, 23 participant-observations at their workplace, 15 individual interviews, and six group interviews, mediated by the use of the Instructions to the Double technique were carried out with funeral agents who work in a large funeral group in the inner Brazilian northeast. The analysis of work activity led us to understand that these workers' job prescriptions exceeds dealing with inert lifeless bodies. These workers have a high demand of socio-emotional skills, especially to cope and support grieving families. The professional genre in funeral agents' activity provide important ways for these workers to behave. As a result of the unpredictability and impediments in their work routines, funerary agents find their own way to meet the demands of work. However, their shared conducts enable them to construct the collective mode of professional action, making funerary agents' activity a constant mixture of collective and singular contributions.(AU)


Especializados en la gestión de los procesos de la muerte y del morir, los agentes funerarios son una categoría profesional indispensable en la sociedad contemporánea. Estudiar estos profesionales, caracterizados por el alto grado de invisibilidad social, se convierte en algo extremamente relevante, principalmente considerándolos como sujetos activos en el proceso de análisis de su actividad. En este sentido, este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la actividad laboral de agentes funerarios a partir de las contribuciones teórico-metodológicas de la Clínica de la Actividad. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación-intervención fueron realizadas 23 observaciones participantes en el local de trabajo, 15 encuestas individuales y seis grupales, mediadas por el uso de la técnica de instrucción al doble, con agentes funerarios que trabajan en un grupo funerario en el interior del Nordeste de Brasil. El análisis de la actividad laboral destaca que estos profesionales desempeñan una labor que va más allá del cuerpo inerte, sin vida, que les requiere un alto grado de habilidades para lidiar con las emociones y fornecer apoyo a las familias en duelo. El tipo profesional de la actividad de los agentes funerarios les proporciona a estos trabajadores importantes modos de portarse. Ante lo imprevisible y las dificultades en sus rutinas de trabajo, cada agente funerario actúa a su manera, pero hay modos de actuar compartidos, lo que permite la construcción del modo colectivo del actuar profesional, transformando la actividad del agente funerario en una constante mezcla entre lo colectivo y lo singular.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Work , Activities of Daily Living , Investigative Techniques , Funeral Homes , Mortuary Practice , Pain , Pathologic Processes , Prejudice , Psychology , Religion , Burial , Cadaver , Bereavement , Attitude to Death , Family , Liability, Legal , Occupational Health , Funeral Sermon , Embalming , Empathy , Cemeteries , Cremation , Occupational Stress , Sadness , Funeral Rites , Psychological Distress , Gender Identity , Collective Efficacy , House Calls , Informed Consent
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(6): 1587-1595, dic. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528805

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Anatomy and clinical skills are taught separately to physical and occupational therapy students. Formaldehyde is the primary chemical used to embalm donors which creates a challenge in integrating clinical skills into the anatomy curriculum. This study aimed to evaluate the integration of clinical skills into anatomical education using Imperial College London- Soft Preservation (ICL-SP) and formaldehyde embalming through the evaluation of student perceived learning and confidence. Students were invited to complete a survey after dissecting an ICL-SP and formaldehyde embalmed donors and perform clinical tests. It was easier to dissect and identify neurovascular structures on ICL-SP donors compared to formaldehyde. Clinical tests, like measuring range of motion and ligament tests were also more realistic on ICL-SP donors. The integration of clinical skills in the anatomical curriculum increased student perceived understanding of associated anatomy (p < 0.001), gave better understanding of how anatomy is important to their professions (p < 0.001) and increased motivation to learn anatomy (p < 0.001). The integration of clinical skills into anatomical education can facilitate student learning with higher confidence performing clinical skills and is complemented by the utilization of the new ICL-SP methodology instead of the traditional formaldehyde preservation.


Las habilidades anatómicas y clínicas se enseñan por separado a los estudiantes de terapia física y ocupacional. El formaldehído es el químico principal que se usa para embalsamar a los donantes, lo que crea un desafío para integrar las habilidades clínicas en el plan de estudios de anatomía. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la integración de habilidades clínicas en la educación anatómica utilizando Imperial College London-Soft Preservation (ICL-SP) y embalsamamiento de formaldehído a través de la evaluación del aprendizaje y la confianza percibidos por los estudiantes. Se invitó a los estudiantes a completar una encuesta después de diseccionar un ICL-SP y donantes embalsamados formolizados y realizar pruebas clínicas. Fue más fácil diseccionar e identificar estructuras neurovasculares en donantes ICL-SP en comparación con los fijados en formaldehído. Las pruebas clínicas, como la medición del rango de movimiento y las pruebas de ligamentos, también fueron más realistas en los donantes de ICL-SP. La integración de habilidades clínicas en el plan de estudios anatómico aumentó la comprensión percibida por los estudiantes de anatomía asociada (p < 0,001), dio una mejor comprensión de cómo la anatomía es importante para sus profesiones (p < 0,001) y aumentó la motivación para aprender anatomía (p < 0,001). La integración de las habilidades clínicas en la educación anatómica puede facilitar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes con mayor confianza en el desempeño de las habilidades clínicas y se complementa con la utilización de la nueva metodología ICL-SP en lugar de la conservación tradicional con formaldehído.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students/psychology , Tissue Preservation/methods , Anatomy/education , Cadaver , Surveys and Questionnaires , Occupational Therapy , Physical Therapy Modalities , Clinical Competence , Curriculum , Dissection , Embalming , Formaldehyde
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(6): 1566-1573, dic. 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421817

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Traditional methods of bone retrieval from embalmed cadaver are not able to meet the demand of medical colleges as they are time consuming & tedious, thus there is need of evaluating an alternative approach that includes use of laundry detergent. The purpose of the study was to compare & establish the most effective method between laundry detergent and 10 % antiformin solution methods to procure clean bones. Thirty-two bones of the right side that were included in the inclusion criteria obtained from the four embalmed cadaver were cleaned by laundry detergent and of the left side by 10 % antiformin solution methods. Retrieved clean bones were evaluated for their cleanness using the scale from 0 to 5. The mean cleanness scores of the bones cleaned by laundry detergent method were not significantly different at 95 % confidence interval than the mean cleanness scores of the bones cleaned by 10 % antiformin solution method. The study found that though there is no significant difference in the mean cleanness score of the bones cleaned by two employed methods nevertheless, bones were found to be cleaner by using 10 % antiformin solution method and bones obtained by using laundry detergent method had smooth surface as well as more suitable for flat bones.


Los métodos tradicionales de recuperación de huesos de cadáveres embalsamados no pueden satisfacer la demanda de las facultades de medicina, ya que consumen mucho tiempo y son tediosos de realizar, por tanto es necesario evaluar un enfoque alternativo que incluya el uso de detergente de lavandería. El propósito del estudio fue comparar y establecer el método más eficaz entre el detergente para la ropa y los métodos de solución de antiformina al 10 % para obtener huesos limpios. Fueron utilizados 32 huesos del lado derecho que se incluyeron en los criterios de inclusión obtenidos de los cuatro cadáveres embalsamados. Los huesos se trataron con detergente de lavandería y los del lado izquierdo con métodos de solución de antiformina al 10 %. Los huesos tratados se evaluaron respecto a su limpieza utilizando una escala de 0 a 5. Las puntuaciones media de limpieza de los huesos tratados con el método de detergente no fueron significativamente diferentes en un intervalo de confianza del 95 % de las puntuaciones medias obtenidas respecto a la limpieza de los huesos tratados con antiformina al 10 %. El estudio determinó que, aunque no hay hubo diferencia significativa en la puntuación media de la limpieza de los huesos tratados por los dos métodos, se observó que utilizando el método de solución de antiformina al 10 %, la limpieza de los huesos era mejor, sin embargo, los huesos planos presentaban una superficie más lisa cuando se usó el método de detergente de lavandería.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sodium Hypochlorite/chemistry , Bone and Bones , Detergents/chemistry , Embalming , Cadaver , Cross-Sectional Studies
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(3): 801-807, jun. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385642

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: During the Covid-19 pandemic that has marked the last years, while governments tried to control the spread of the virus, many-body donation programs were suspended due to difficulties that could potentially be encountered. Given the low body donation acceptance rates during this period, through this study we aimed to evaluate academics' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in cadaver acceptance and embalming practices during the pandemic. The research population of th estudy consisted of the faculty of 112 universities in Turkey who taught in under graduate and graduate programs in the Anatomy Department in 2020. An electronic questionnaire of 24 items, including demographic data, was distributed to the participants' official e-mail addresses. In addition, support was received from the Turkish Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy Society, whose members were also approached through their official group e-mail accounts. Answers were collected from 78 (39 %) out of 200 academics. The findings of the study were under 5 headings (ınformation about cadaver donation and ımported cadavers, attitude towards ımportation of cadavers and acceptance of body donations, precautions against contagion in ımportation of cadavers and acceptance of body donations and thoughts on their adequacy, considerations for adoption of cadavers for post-graduation education, advice on avoiding contagion in cadaver embalming) were collected and analyzed. The study high lights the importance of cadaver acceptance and embalming practices for medical education to minimally continue in the post-pandemic period. It can also serve as a reference for being cautious when faced with similar situations in the future.


RESUMEN: Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, que ha marcado los últimos años, mientras los gobiernos intentaban controlar la propagación del virus, muchos programas de donación de cuerpos fueron suspendidos por las dificultades que se podían encontrar. Dadas las bajas tasas de aceptación de la donación de cuerpos durante este período, a través de este estudio buscamos evaluar el conocimiento, las actitudes y los comportamientos de los académicos en la aceptación de cadáveres y las prácticas de embalsamamiento durante la pandemia. El estudio se realizó el año 2020 en los programas de pregrado y posgrado de los Departamentos de Anatomía de 112 universidades de Turquía. Se distribuyó un cuestionario electrónico de 24 ítems, incluidos datos demográficos, a los participantes por correo electrónico oficial. Además, se recibió el apoyo de la Sociedad Turca de Anatomía y Anatomía Clínica, cuyos miembros también fueron contactados a través de las cuentas de correo electrónico de su grupo oficial. Se recopilaron respuestas de 78 (39 %) de 200 académicos. Los hallazgos del estudio se ubicaron en 5 encabezados (información sobre donación de cadáveres y cadáveres importados, actitud hacia la importación de cadáveres y aceptación de donaciones de cuerpos, precauciones contra el contagio en la importación de cadáveres y aceptación de donaciones de cuerpos y opiniones sobre su idoneidad, consideraciones para la adopción de cadáveres para la educación de posgrado y consejos para evitar el contagio en el embalsamamiento de cadáveres). El estudio destaca la importancia de la aceptación de cadáveres y las prácticas de embalsamamiento para que la educación médica continúe mínimamente en el período posterior a la pandemia. También puede servir como referencia para tenerse presente ante situaciones similares en el futuro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Cadaver , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Human Body , Faculty/psychology , COVID-19 , Anatomy/education , Turkey , Tissue and Organ Procurement , Surveys and Questionnaires , Embalming , Anatomists/psychology , Pandemics
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(1): 50-56, feb. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385309

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: In surgical and anatomical training, use of cadaver remains the most ideal technique. Standard formaldehyde solution preserves cadaveric tissues for an extended period comparing to the unfixed tissues. However, it fails to retain the natural texture, color, and biomechanical features. Phenol based soft embalming methods were developed to maintain these properties, while simultaneously decreasing the biohazard risk. Soft embalming techniques have made the bodies more 'lifelike' and wellfitted for training. Though phenol fixation displays rewarding morphological maintenance, we have scanty evidences on the histological preservation. This mini review primarily discussed the latest reports regarding the effect of phenol-based fixation on the tissue histology. Published literatures revealed phenol-based fixation displayed comparable histological preservation to that ofgold standard paraformaldehyde-based solution. It was concluded that phenol-based solution is an excellent fixative used to preserve tissues for microscopic analysis.


RESUMEN: En el entrenamiento quirúrgico y anatómico, el uso de cadáveres sigue siendo la técnica más ideal. La solución estándar de formaldehído conserva los tejidos cadavéricos durante un período prolongado en comparación con los tejidos no fijados. Sin embargo, no conserva la textura, el color y las características biomecánicas naturales. Se desarrollaron métodos de embalsamamiento blando a base de fenol para mantener estas propiedades y, al mismo tiempo, disminuir el riesgo biológico. Las técnicas de embalsamamiento suaves han hecho que los cuerpos sean más "realistas" y estén mejor preparados para la enseñanza. A pesar que la fijación de fenol muestra un buen mantenimiento morfológico, existe evidencia escasa sobre la preservación histológica. Esta mini revisión se refirió principalmente a los últimos informes sobre el efecto de la fijación en base de fenol en la histología del tejido. La literatura publicada reveló que la fijación a base de fenol mostró una preservación histológica comparable a la de la solución a base de paraformaldehído. Se concluyó que la solución a base de fenol es un excelente fijador utilizado para preservar tejidos para análisis microscópico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Histological Techniques/methods , Phenol/chemistry , Embalming/methods , Fixatives/chemistry , Cadaver , Microscopy
6.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 78(4): 431-438, dic. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985751

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Los tiempos modernos nos obligan a que la formación de un médico cirujano no se base sólo en conocimientos teóricos, sino que adquiera las mayores habilidades quirúrgicas para así evitar riesgos innecesarios en una sociedad altamente exigente. La disección y el entrenamiento de los procedimientos quirúrgicos juegan un papel primordial para cumplir este objetivo, por lo que recientemente se ha promovido una forma de preservación cadavérica que permite realizar mediante situaciones bastantes realistas dichos adiestramientos. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica electrónica, restringida al idioma inglés en Pubmed, Scopus y WOS donde se pretende describir y analizar las aplicaciones de esta técnica. La revisión ofreció artículos de relevancia que demuestran la aplicación de esta técnica novedosa en la preservación de cadáveres y sus posibles aplicaciones en el campo de otorrinolaringología.


ABSTRACT Nowadays, it is not possible to train a healthcare professional only based on theoretical knowledge, but acquiring the highest surgical skills to avoid unnecessary risks in a highly demanding society, therefore dissection and training of surgical procedures play a key role in fulfilling this objective, which is why a form of cadaveric preservation has recently been promoted, which allows realizing such training through realistic situations. An electronic literature search was carried out, restricted to the English language in MEDLINE, where it is intended to describe and analyze the applications of this technique. The review offered articles of relevance that demonstrate the application of this novel technique in the preservation of corpses and their possible applications in the field of otorhinolaryngology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cadaver , Education, Medical/methods , Embalming/methods , Otolaryngology , Formaldehyde
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(4): 1442-1454, Dec. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840907

ABSTRACT

Walter Thiel developed the method that enables preservation of the body with natural colors in 1992. It consists in the application of an intravascular injection formula, and maintaining the corps submerged for a determinate period of time in the immersion solution in the pool. After immersion, it is possible to maintain the corps in a hermetically sealed container, thus avoiding dehydration outside the pool. The aim of this work was to review the Thiel method, searching all scientific articles describing this technique from its development point of view, and application in anatomy and morphology teaching, as well as in clinical and surgical practice. Most of these studies were carried out in Europe. We used PubMed, Ebsco and Embase databases with the terms "Thiel cadaver", "Thiel embalming", "Thiel embalming method" and we searched for papers that cited Thiel`s work. In comparison with methods commonly used with high concentrations of formaldehyde, this method lacks the emanation of noxious or irritating gases; gives the corps important passive joint mobility without stiffness; maintaining color, flexibility and tissue plasticity at a level equivalent to that of a living body. Furthermore, it allows vascular repletion at the capillary level. All this makes for great advantage over the formalin-fixed and fresh material. Its multiple uses are applicable in anatomy teaching and research; teaching for undergraduates (prosection and dissection) and for training in surgical techniques for graduates and specialists (laparoscopies, arthroscopies, endoscopies).


En 1992, Walter Thiel desarrolló el método que permite la preservación del cuerpo con colores naturales. Consiste en la aplicación de una fórmula de inyección intravascular y el mantenimiento del cuerpo sumergido en pileta, en una solución de inmersión específica, durante un período determinado de tiempo. Después de la inmersión, es posible mantener el cuerpo en un recipiente herméticamente sellado, evitando así la pérdida del líquido fijador, fuera de la pileta. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar el método de Thiel, buscando todos los artículos científicos que describen esta técnica desde el punto de vista de su desarrollo, y su aplicación en la enseñanza de la anatomía y morfología, así como en la práctica clínica y quirúrgica. La mayoría de estos estudios se realizaron en Europa. Utilizamos las bases de datos PubMed, Ebsco y Embase con los términos "Thiel cadaver", "Thiel embalsamamiento", "método de embalsamamiento de Thiel" y se buscaron los documentos que citan el trabajo de Thiel. En comparación con los métodos comúnmente utilizados con altas concentraciones de formaldehído, este método carece de emanación de gases nocivos o irritantes; Da al cuerpo una movilidad articular pasiva importante sin rigidez; Manteniendo el color, la flexibilidad y la plasticidad del tejido a un nivel equivalente al de un cuerpo vivo. Además, permite la repleción vascular a nivel capilar. Todo esto hace una gran ventaja sobre el material fijado con formalina y fresco. Sus usos múltiples son aplicables en la enseñanza y la investigación de la anatomía; (prosección y disección) y para la formación en técnicas quirúrgicas para graduados y especialistas (laparoscopias, artroscopias, endoscopias).


Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomy/education , Embalming/methods , General Surgery/education , Cadaver , Dissection
8.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-16576

ABSTRACT

This study evaluates the suitability of cadavers embalmed by the ethanol-glycerin fixative for the dissection course of medical students and the hands-on dissection workshop of clinicians. Five cadavers were embalmed by two different methods: two formalin-phenol fixation (FPF) and three ethanol-glycerin fixation (EGF) cadavers. The measurement of physical and chemical characteristics including ranges of motion (ROM), bacterial and fungal culture tests, and ultrasonography were performed for each cadaver. The EGF cadavers were evaluated to be significantly more suitable than FPF cadavers for the physical and chemical characteristics including color, texture, elasticity, wetness (softness), skin incision, vessel ligation and suture, decollement, odor, and irritant. In shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints, ROMs of the EGF cadavers were statistically more than those of the FPF except for elbow extension. On bacterial and fungal culture tests at 8 weeks after carrying out of refrigerator, one bacteria were detected in one EGF cadaver; however, some bacteria and fungi could be detected in all FPF cadavers. The ultrasound images of abdominal organ and thigh musculature could be more clearly detected in the EGF cadavers than those of FPF cadavers. These results indicate that the EGF method had a sufficient antibiotic effect and produced cadavers with flexible joints and a high tissue quality suitable for various cadaveric dissection courses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacteria , Cadaver , Education , Elasticity , Elbow , Embalming , Epidermal Growth Factor , Fungi , Joints , Ligation , Methods , Odorants , Shoulder , Skin , Students, Medical , Sutures , Thigh , Ultrasonography , Wrist Joint
9.
Cambios rev. méd ; Vol. 13(23): 20-24, ene. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1006975

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el formaldehído es un importante químico con muchos derivados y usos comerciales. Estudios epidemiológicos en poblaciones ocupacionalmente expuestas a formaldehído lo tiende a asociar con un número de efectos biológicos en humanos. Materiales y métodos: para determinar los posibles daños ocasionados en población expuesta, se realizó una evaluación genotóxica en 40 Médicos Legistas y Disectores hombres y mujeres expuestos a formaldehído; un grupo similar de 40 empleados administrativos hombres y mujeres de la misma institución pero no expuestos a formaldehído sirvieron como no expuestos; para determinar la frecuencia de diferentes tipos de aberraciones cromosómicas estructurales y numéricas. Resultados: en el grupo ocupacionalmente expuesto a formaldehído un significativo incremento en la incidencia de: fracturas cromatídicas, fracturas cromosómicas, cromosomas en anillo y poliploídias fue observado. La exposición a formaldehído fue tres veces mayor en el grupo de expuestos a formaldehído. El nivel de exposición a formaldehído más alto fue encontrado cuando los cadáveres eran cerrados, seguidos del embalsamamiento (formolización) de los cuerpos. Conclusión: los resultados demostraron que la exposición a formaldehído induce aberraciones cromosómicas en linfocitos de sangre periférica del personal que labora en las morgues de los Departamentos Médico Legales.


Introduction: formaldehyde is an important chemical with many derivatives and commercial uses. Epidemiological studies of occupational population exposed to formaldehyde prove to be associated to biological effects in humans. Materials and methods: chromosome analyses were carried out in lymphocytes of 40 forensic doctors and dissectors male and female exposed to formaldehyde (FA) for 3 -20 years. A similar group of 40 males and females from the same police Institution but without FA exposure served as a control group with non exposure in order to establish frequency and different types of numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations. The exposed group to formaldehyde showed significantly increased incidence of breaks of the chromatid type, breaks of the chromosomes type, ring chromosomes and polyploidies was observed. Results: total mean exposure time to FA was about 3 times longer than non exposure group. The highest exposures to formaldehyde were encountered when autopsied cases were closed, followed by when autopsies cases were embalmed. Conclusions: the results demonstrate that exposure to formaldehyde induces chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of personnel working in murders of legal medicine departments.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lymphocytes , Epidemiologic Studies , Occupational Exposure , Chromosome Aberrations , Coroners and Medical Examiners , Morgue , Formaldehyde , Chemical Compound Exposure , Cytogenetic Analysis , Embalming
10.
Braz. j. morphol. sci ; 28(4): 280-282, Oct-Dez. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-644151

ABSTRACT

Standard formalin embalming is the most important of all work with cadavers in anatomy laboratories, as it keeps the tissue strict, insoluble and protected against deterioration. The most commonly used substance for preservation of cadavers and tissues is formaldehyde, a preservative because it is inexpensive, easy penetration and fast action on the parts. Another substance used is glycerin with rapid action and dehydrating fixative, used also for the preservation of anatomical specimens. This study aimed to compare two techniques that use glycerin in conserving parts of the central nervous system of animals. We evaluated the properties and fixing of conservative solutions applied. The two techniques chosen for this work were: the Giacomini and Torres method. In the Torres method, the tissue was more flexible and easy to visualize the structures. In the Giacomini method, the tissues were dark colored, rigid, with little flexibility. This technique requires a shorter time of immersion, compared to Torres. We conclude that the most appropriate method for application in laboratories of anatomy and applicability in practical lessons is technique was Torres.


Subject(s)
Animals , Adult , Central Nervous System , Embalming , Embalming/methods , Formaldehyde/analysis , Glycerol , Dissection , Goats
11.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-732160

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to define the anatomy of the musculocutaneous nerve as it innervates the biceps and brachialis muscles in relation to nerve transfer surgery in brachial plexus injury.METHODS: Surgical dissection of the musculocutaneous nerve of both upper extremities of 34 embalmed cadavers was performed to define the anatomy of the musculocutaneous nerve as it supplies the biceps and the brachial muscles. Among the data that we noted were the distance where the branch of the biceps and branchialis took off from the musculocutaneous nerve from the coracoids, which was the bony landmark.RESULTS: There were 17 males and 17 females with a total of 65 musculocutaneous nerve to biceps muscle had an average distance of 10.9cm and a median of 11.0cm±1.83cm (range, 6.5-14.2 cm) from the coracoid. The branching of musculocutaneous nerve to the brachialis had an average distance of 15.1 cm and a median 15.5cm±1.72cm (range, 12.7-21.0cm) from the coracoid. Transferring the fascicles of the ulnar nerve to the biceps branch and a fascicle of the median nerve to the brachialis branch is fairly easy since both nerves are within the vicinity of respective recipient site.CONCLUSION: The anatomy of the musculocutaneous nerve as it supplies the elbow flexors is fairly consistent and there is little discrepancy between cadaveric specimens.

Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Musculocutaneous Nerve , Ulnar Nerve , Median Nerve , Elbow , Nerve Transfer , Elbow Joint , Brachial Plexus , Embalming , Cadaver
12.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-159552

ABSTRACT

Formalin is a water-soluble, colorless, pungent, irritating and highly reactive gas. A 40% solution of formaldehyde in water, also known as formalin, is used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, deodorant, tissue fixative and embalming fluid. Ingestion can lead to immediate deleterious effects on almost all systems of the body including gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, cardiovsacular system and hepato-renal system, causing gastrointestinal hemorrhage, cardiovsacular collapse, unconsciousness or convulsions, severe metabolic acidosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. We treated a 39-year-old woman who ingested 300 ml formalin in a suicidal attempt. Despite hemodialysis, death occurred after 23 h.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Acidosis , Central Nervous System , Deodorants , Eating , Embalming , Formaldehyde , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Gastrointestinal Tract , Renal Dialysis , Respiratory Distress Syndrome , Seizures , Unconsciousness
13.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-95800

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Emergency procedures are highly dependent on the skill and experience of the physician performing them. Recent advances in light embalming techniques have enabled us to train students on more "realistic" cadavers. The purpose of this study was to report on or 3-year experience with lightly embalmed cadaver-based training and evaluate the student satisfaction with this approach. METHODS: Lightly embalmed cadavers were prepared by the Department of Anatomy. The course was held every March for 3 years. In 2007, we held a 6-hour course for 16 first-year emergency medicine residents from various hospitals. We had procedure and demonstration stations for airway management, tube thoracostomy, central venous catheterization, venous cutdown, pericardiocentesis, intraosseous insertion, open thoracostomy, and lumbar puncture. We evaluated the students' level of satisfaction with the course by giving pre- and post-course evaluations to all students. RESULTS: Based on our experience from the two prior courses, the 2007 curriculum was divided into three parts: didactic lecture, procedure stations and demonstration stations. Pre- and post-course scores were compared for the following: knowledge of the indications and contraindications for the procedures; ability and confidence in performing the procedures; and the ability to perform procedures on actual patients. For 26 items out of a total of 32 items(81.3%), the scores from the post-course evaluation were statistically higher than the scores from the pre-course evaluation. CONCLUSION: Lightly embalmed cadavers are excellent training models for emergency procedures. From our 3-year experience with this method, we were able to develop a training course that was satisfactory to students.


Subject(s)
Humans , Airway Management , Cadaver , Catheterization, Central Venous , Central Venous Catheters , Curriculum , Embalming , Emergencies , Emergency Medicine , Light , Pericardiocentesis , Spinal Puncture , Thoracostomy , Venous Cutdown
14.
Int. j. morphol ; 26(1): 165-169, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-558591

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study is to analyze the differences in the soft facial tissue thicknesses measured in corpses without fixing, with recent death, and in embalmed corpses. 30 male human corpses were used; they were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of a conservation method. Fifteen bodies, without any method of conservation, with an average age of 38.6 years (SD 8.37) and Fifteen preserved bodies by means of the intravascular injection technique of fixing conservative solution on the basis of formaldehyde, with an average age of 38.4 years (SD 7.67). In each one of them the thickness was measured in eight medium and six bilateral paramedium landmarks, using the needle-punction method. The descriptive statistical ones were calculated and the t test was applied with 95 percent of significance. All the landmarks, except for right exocanthion and left and right gonion, presented bigger thickness in the cadavers embalsamed. You differ significant they were in the Trichion, glabella, nasion, pogonion, right superciliare, right supraorbital, right infraorbital, right gonion, left superciliare, left supraorbital, right infraorbital landmarks.


El propósito de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias en el grosor tisular facial entre cadáveres frescos y conservados. Se utilizaron 30 cadáveres de sexo masculino, 15 de los cuales presentaron una data de muerte media de (SD) y los otros 15 fueron cadáveres conservados mediante inyección intravascular de solución fijadora conservadora en base a formol. En cada uno de ellos fueron medidos los grosores en 8 puntos medianos y 6 puntos paramedianos bilaterales, utilizando el método de punción con aguja. Se calcularon los estadísticos descriptivos y luego se aplicó el t test con un 95 por ciento de significancia. Todos los puntos, con excepción de Exocanthion derecho y Gonion derecho e izquierdo, presentaron grosores mayores en los cadáveres conservados. Diferencias significativas se encontraron en los puntos Trichion, Glabela, Nasion, Pogonion, Superciliar derecho, Supraorbitario derecho, Infraorbitario derecho, Gonion derecho, Superciliar izquierdo, Supraorbitario izquierdo, Infraorbitario derecho.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Forensic Anthropology/methods , Face/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Embalming
15.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-46507

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Embalming is the through disinfection and art of preserving bodies after death using chemical substances. It keeps a body life like in appearance during the time it lies in a state prior to funeral. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of Raksi in sacrificed rats in arresting postmortem changes and establishing scientific fact whether Raksi can be an alternative to standard embalming constituent if it is not available. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 50 albino rats were systematically randomized into control and experiment groups. Raksi and distilled water were injected for embalming purpose intraventricularly in experiment and control groups of rats respectively and kept for 48 to 96 hours for observation for postmortem changes. RESULT: Observations made at 48 and 72 hours of embalming revealed that Raksi can arrest postmortem changes in the rats up to 72 hours (3rd day) successfully in the experimental group whereas moderate to severe postmortem changes were seen in the control group. The experimental group showed mild degree of putrefactive changes, liberation of gases and liquefaction of tissues only at 96 hours (4th day) of embalming. DISCUSSION: The Raksi used in this experiment contained 34% of alcohol, which was determined by an alcohol hydrometer. Experiment clearly demonstrated from its result that raksi can be utilised temporarily for embalming since it contains alcohol and has preservative, bactericidal and disinfectant properties. CONCLUSION: It is concluded from the study that this knowledge if applied to dead human subjects, may preserve dead bodies temporarily allowing delayed funeral.


Subject(s)
Alcohols/pharmacology , Animals , Embalming/methods , Nepal , Postmortem Changes , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Wistar
16.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-46548
17.
J. forensic med ; Fa yi xue za zhi;(6): 303-304, 2006.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-983207

ABSTRACT

To investigates the condition and the mechanism of the formation of mummy in Shanghai region. Three cases of mummy were normaly examinated. It showed that the formation condition of mummy were influenced by season, scene, and the corpse keeping methods etc. In warm and damp southern region in Shanghai, the mummy formation depended on lower temperature, dry environment season, dehydrated and hunger before death, and interfered factors like ventilating and turning over corpse frequently.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Autopsy , China , Embalming/methods , Environment, Controlled , Forensic Medicine , Mummies , Temperature , Weather
18.
Rev. colomb. cancerol ; 9(1): 45-48, mar. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-428722

ABSTRACT

Los taricheutes o antiguos embalsamadores del medio Egipto quitaban los órganos, preservaban las vísceras y desecaban las pieles. Lo que pocos saben de la historia fortuita de estos hombres está reflejado en las descripciones de Warren Dawson quien comunicó en 1929 la gran estima que le tenia el peublo, por las enseñanzas que impartían a los jovenes sobre variados temas cuidadosamente seleccionados. Interesantes hechos registrados sobre la frecuencia de la artritis reumatoide y las deformidades que ésta causaba fueron acuñadas en papiros por los preservantes. Elliot Smith, demostró en la momia de Nesperehan, un alto dignatario civil de la XXI dinastía egipcia, múltiples alteraciones óseas y articulares que aparecen en la literatura antigua como el (artritos)(artritis reumatoide). antes de la irrupción del conocimiento de Imhotep, los taricheutes y sacerdotes sugirieron la exposición al guego del sol para tratar el dolor originado por la enfermedad. De manera anticipada el imaginario medico de los vetustos eruditos egipcios se adelantó a la era moderna de la terpia oncológica aplicada a las enfermedades benignas. Desde 1929 se han relizado numerosos estudios para evaluar ña utilidad de la radioterapia en el amnejo de las enfermdades inflamatorias crónicas, entre las que se encuentran la artritis reumatoide, el lupus discoide, la osteoartrosis y la espondilitis anquilosantes. En el Instituto Nacional de Radium se presenta el caso núemro 35 correspondiente a un hombre de 37 años con artritis reumatoide crónica tratada con telecuriterapia.El uso de la radioterapia en e manejo de laas enfermedades no neoplásicas ha cambiado significativamente durante los últimos 70 años. Antes de la década de 1959 cerca del 35 por ciento de los pacientes tratados en centros oncológicos especializados no tenián cáncer; el uso de la radioteapía en condiciones benignas tuvo especial acogida en Europa y Asia hasta 1980 cuando disminuyó el interés por la publicación de varios informes que sugerían un incremento en el riesgo de cáncer. Las intervenciones iniciales con rayos X, como la realizada en 1935 en el paciente del Instituto Nacional de Radium, sustentaron su eficacia en el control local de la inflamación más que en la capacidad inmunosupresora de otras intervenciones como la radioablación ganglionar corporal.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Embalming
19.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 98(supl.1): 119-121, Jan. 15, 2003. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-333823

ABSTRACT

For the first time, a jar of embalming rejects was studied in search for helminth parasite eggs. This kind of jar was used to put discarded material by Egyptian embalmers during mummification process. Ascaris lumbricoides and Tænia saginata eggs were found in the linen and strip fragment contents of the jar, dated of 2,715-2,656 years ago


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , History, Ancient , Ascaris , Embalming , Mummies , Taenia , Egypt , Paleopathology
20.
Bol. Acad. Nac. Med. B.Aires ; 76(1): 207-20, ene.-jun. 1998. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-224581

ABSTRACT

La "parafinización" es el método de elección más seguro y exitoso utilizado mundialmente para la conservación de cuerpos y órganos humanos. Tales son los casos de Lenin en Rusia, Mao Tse Tung en China, entre otros. En nuestro país el cuerpo de Eva Perón, los corazones de Justo Santamaría de Oro y Fray Mamerto Esquiú. En éste último cuarto de siglo se han descripto sobre el método del "parafinado" procedimientos absolutamente falsos, defectuosos y carentes de rigor científico, que se han difundido en artículos periodísticos, libros, audiciones televisivas y otros, creando conocimientos erróneos. El autor de este artículo, anatomista especializado en la técnica, discípulo del Maestro español Pedro Ara y refrendado por adecuada ilustración, describe la metodología del complejo y delicado proceso científico de su realización para desvirtuar las narraciones y creaciones de pseudoinformantes y detractores. Trabajos recientes parecen demostrar que la técnica de parafinado sería apropiada para la clonación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomy , Cloning, Organism , Tissue Preservation/methods , Tissue Fixation/methods , Paraffin , Dissection/methods , Embalming
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