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1.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 36(4): 619-631, dic. 2016. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-950928

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción. El grupo de investigación del Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Comportamental de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia ha descrito modificaciones estructurales y electrofisiológicas en neuronas piramidales de la corteza motora producidas por la lesión del nervio facial contralateral en ratas. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre la posibilidad de que dichos cambios neuronales se acompañen también de modificaciones en las células gliales circundantes. Objetivo. Caracterizar el efecto de la lesión unilateral del nervio facial sobre la activación y proliferación de las células de la microglía en la corteza motora primaria contralateral en ratas. Materiales y métodos. Se hicieron pruebas de inmunohistoquímica para detectar las células de la microglía en el tejido cerebral de ratas sometidas a lesión del nervio facial, las cuales se sacrificaron en distintos momentos después de la intervención. Se infligieron dos tipos de lesiones: reversible (por compresión, lo cual permite la recuperación de la función) e irreversible (por corte, lo cual provoca parálisis permanente). Los tejidos cerebrales de los animales sin lesión (grupo de control absoluto) y de aquellos sometidos a falsa cirugía se compararon con los de los animales lesionados sacrificados 1, 2, 7, 21 y 35 días después de la lesión. Resultados. Las células de la microglía en la corteza motora de los animales lesionados irreversiblemente mostraron signos de proliferación y activación entre el tercero y séptimo días después de la lesión. La proliferación de las células de la microglía en animales con lesión reversible fue significativa solo a los tres días de infligida la lesión. Conclusiones. La lesión del nervio facial produce modificaciones en las células de la microglía de la corteza motora primaria. Estas modificaciones podrían estar involucradas en los cambios morfológicos y electrofisiológicos descritos en las neuronas piramidales de la corteza motora que comandan los movimientos faciales.


Abstract Introduction: Our research group has described both morphological and electrophysiological changes in motor cortex pyramidal neurons associated with contralateral facial nerve injury in rats. However, little is known about those neural changes, which occur together with changes in surrounding glial cells. Objective: To characterize the effect of the unilateral facial nerve injury on microglial proliferation and activation in the primary motor cortex. Materials and methods: We performed immunohistochemical experiments in order to detect microglial cells in brain tissue of rats with unilateral facial nerve lesion sacrificed at different times after the injury. We caused two types of lesions: reversible (by crushing, which allows functional recovery), and irreversible (by section, which produces permanent paralysis). We compared the brain tissues of control animals (without surgical intervention) and sham-operated animals with animals with lesions sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 21 or 35 days after the injury. Results: In primary motor cortex, the microglial cells of irreversibly injured animals showed proliferation and activation between three and seven days post-lesion. The proliferation of microglial cells in reversibly injured animals was significant only three days after the lesion. Conclusions: Facial nerve injury causes changes in microglial cells in the primary motor cortex. These modifications could be involved in the generation of morphological and electrophysiological changes previously described in the pyramidal neurons of primary motor cortex that command facial movements.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Microglia/pathology , Facial Nerve Injuries/pathology , Facial Paralysis/physiopathology , Motor Cortex/pathology , Time Factors , Random Allocation , Afferent Pathways , Cell Division , Rats, Wistar , Pyramidal Cells/physiology , Pyramidal Cells/pathology , Axotomy , Facial Nerve Injuries/complications , Facial Nerve Injuries/physiopathology , Facial Muscles/innervation , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Nerve Crush , Nerve Regeneration
2.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(2): 228-234, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O espasmo hemifacial (EHF) caracteriza-se por movimento tônico-clônico involuntário da musculatura de uma hemiface. O tratamento tem sido realizado com aplicação de toxina botulínica (TxB). A aplicação unilateral classicamente descrita resulta em assimetria semelhante à paralisia facial. O objetivo desse trabalho foi normatizar o tratamento do EHF bilateralmente com TxB, a fim de prevenir a ocorrência de assimetria facial iatrogênica. Método: Foram analisadas 66 aplicações em 15 pacientes, seguindo o protocolo do serviço para paralisia facial, acrescentado de pontos pré-tarsais no lado com EHF. Foi feita dose complementar na reavaliação após 15 dias nos pacientes que apresentavam algum grau residual de espasmo ou assimetria, buscando-se a dose necessária para alcançar controle satisfatório do espasmo sem causar assimetria facial. Resultados: A dose média total foi 20,2 U do lado não acometido e 28,4 U do lado acometido, totalizando 48,6 U por aplicação. Houve diferença significante entre as hemifaces na dose para os músculos zigomático, orbicular da boca e orbicular dos olhos. Conclusões: A técnica proposta de aplicação bilateral de TxB controlou adequadamente o EHF e evitou assimetria iatrogênica. Como regra geral, a aplicação deve ser feita na proporção de 1:1,5 U no orbicular dos olhos (porção lateral) e 1:2 U no orbicular da boca. Nos demais músculos, a dose nos dois lados deve ser a mesma, realizando-se dose de reforço em 15 dias caso permaneça algum grau de espasmo. O único local com pontos exclusivos do lado acometido é a região pré-tarsal do músculo orbicular do olho.


Introduction: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is characterized by the involuntary tonic-clonic movement of the muscles of the hemiface. It is usually treated with botulinum toxin (BTX). The classically described unilateral application of BTX results in an asymmetry similar to facial paralysis. The aim of this study was to standardize the treatment of HFS by applying BTX bilaterally to prevent the occurrence of iatrogenic facial asymmetry. Methods: The outcomes of 66 applications in 15 patients were analyzed according to the protocol of the facial paralysis service, to which pretarsal sites were added on the HFS side. On reassessment 15 days later, a complementary dose was administered to patients who exhibited some residual degree of spasm or asymmetry with the aim of determining the dose required to achieve satisfactory spasm control without causing facial asymmetry. Results: The total mean dose was 20.2 U at the contralateral side and 28.4 U at the spasm side (a total dose of 48.6 U per application). There was a significant difference between the doses applied to the zygomaticus, orbicularis oris, and orbicular oculi muscles on each hemiface . Conclusions: The proposed bilateral BTX application technique was effective in controlling HFS and prevented iatrogenic asymmetry. In general, application should be performed at a ratio of 1:1.5 U in the orbicularis oculi (lateral portion) and 1:2 U in the orbicularis oris. In the remaining muscles, the same dose should be administered on both sides and an additional dose can be applied 15 days later if some degree of spasm is present. The pretarsal region of the orbicularis oculi muscle is the only area for which BTX application on the healthy side is unnecessary.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Prospective Studies , Botulinum Toxins, Type A , Hemifacial Spasm , Guidelines as Topic , Evaluation Study , Facial Asymmetry , Facial Bones , Facial Nerve Diseases , Facial Paralysis , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/pharmacology , Hemifacial Spasm/surgery , Hemifacial Spasm/pathology , Guidelines as Topic/methods , Facial Asymmetry/pathology , Facial Asymmetry/therapy , Facial Bones/abnormalities , Facial Bones/pathology , Facial Nerve Diseases/pathology , Facial Paralysis/pathology
3.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 49(3): 93-98, jul.-set. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-694486

ABSTRACT

Em dois manuscritos, os autores comentam aspectos clínicos de 17tipos de paralisia/paresia facial subdivididos em três grupos. Num artigo anterior (parte I), os dois primeiros grupos de paralisias faciais (periféricas e centrais) foram comentados. No presente artigo (parte II), o grupo III (outros tipos de paralisia facial) é abordado. Composto por sete fenótipos clínicos, esse grupo de prosopoplegias abrange desde a paralisia facial congênita, passando pelas paralisias faciais ramusculares e segmentares, até concluir com as paralisias faciais psicogênicas.


In two articles, the authors comment on aspects of seventeen facialparalysis/paresis types subdivided into three groups. The first article (part I) addressed the first two groups of facial paralysis (peripheral and central). At present (part II), group III (other types of facial paralysis) is approached. Composed of seven clinical phenotypes, this group ranges from congenital facial palsy, passing by branches and segmental facial paralysis, and concludes with conversive facial paralysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Facial Paralysis/classification , Facial Paralysis/diagnosis , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Mobius Syndrome/etiology , Mobius Syndrome/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential
4.
Rev. bras. neurol ; 49(3): 85-92, jul.-set. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-694485

ABSTRACT

A presente revisão aborda 17 tipos clínicos de paralisias/paresias faciais divididos em três grupos (grupo I: paralisias faciais periféricas; grupo II: paralisias faciais centrais; grupo III: outros tipos de paralisia facial). Devido à extensão do tema, ele é apresentado em duas partes. Neste primeiro artigo são comentados aspectos clínicos das paralisias faciais periféricas e centrais.


The present review discusses 17 different clinical types of facial paralysis/paresis. They were divided into three groups (group I: peripheral facial paralysis; group II: central facial paralysis; and group III: other types of facial paralysis). Because of the extension of this theme it is presented in two parts. In this first article the peripheral and central facial paralysis are addressed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Facial Nerve/pathology , Facial Paralysis/classification , Facial Paralysis/diagnosis , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Bell Palsy , Facial Muscles
5.
Acta odontol. venez ; 46(3): 319-322, dic. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630084

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Mobius se caracteriza por la parálisis congénita y no progresiva de los nervios craneanos facial y abducentes cuyas manifestaciones clínicas principales son la apariencia facial estática y poco expresiva, el estrabismo bilateral convergente y la hipoplasia de miembros, entre otras. En la cavidad bucal puede observarse micrognacia, implantación heterotrófica de la lengua, anquiloglosia, úvula bífida, fisura palatina y anomalías dentales. La etiología del síndrome de Mobius es poco conocida y algunos relatos de la literatura señalan, como la hipótesis más probable, una isquemia fetal transitoria, durante el período de formación de los núcleos craneanos. Los posibles factores causales de esta isquemia serian los de orden ambiental, los disturbios fisiopatológicos y genéticos, o el uso ilícito de drogas como el Misoprostol, durante la gestación. El presente trabajo relata el tratamiento odontológico realizado en una paciente portadora de este síndrome enfatizando las particularidades observadas durante la atención, en función de las características propias de esa entidad clínica


Mobius syndrome is characterized by congenital and non-progressive paralysis of the facial and abducent cranial nerves. The principal manifestations of this syndrome are lack of facial expression, convergent bilateral strabismus and hypoplastic members. The oral findings include micrognatia, heterotrophic implantation of the tongue, ankyloglossia, bifid uvula, cleft palate and dental anomalies. The etiology of Mobius syndrome is unknown and some reports relate, as a main cause, the transitory fetal ischemia during the formation of cranial nucleus. The factors that lead to this ischemia are from ambient, physiopathological or genetic disturbs and use of drugs like Misoprostol during the pregnancy. This paper reports the dental treatment of a female patient with Mobius syndrome, emphasizing the peculiarities observed due to the characteristics of this clinical entity


Subject(s)
Child , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/pathology , Maxillofacial Abnormalities , Facial Paralysis/congenital , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Mobius Syndrome/diagnosis , Tooth Abnormalities , Treatment Outcome
6.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 37(3): 84-86, 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-503669

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de Ramsay Hunt é definida por paralisia facial periférica acompanhada de um rash eritematosoe vesicular no pavilhão auricular ou na boca, causado por herpes zoster. Comparado com a paralisia de Bell,os pacientes com Síndrome de Ramsay Hunt geralmente apresentam um quadro de paralisia mais grave e dificilmentese recuperam totalmente. Alguns estudos sugerem que o tratamento com aciclovir e predinisona possa melhorar o prognóstico, entretanto estudos randomizados ainda são necessários. Os autores descrevem um caso desta síndrome acompanhado de ceratopatia de exposição.


Ramsay Hunt Syndrome consists in facial peripheric paralysis associated with auricular or mouth rash andvesicles, caused by herpes zoster. Compared to Bell’s paralysis, the patients with Ramsay Hunt Syndrome usually present worse paralisy and hardly have a total recovery. Some studies suggest that acyclovir and prednisone treatment may improve the prognosis, but random control studies are still necessary. The authors describeone case of this syndrome with exposure keratopathy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Exanthema , Facial Paralysis , Herpes Zoster Oticus , Exanthema/complications , Exanthema/diagnosis , Exanthema/etiology , Exanthema/pathology , Herpes Zoster Oticus/diagnosis , Herpes Zoster Oticus/pathology , Facial Paralysis/diagnosis , Facial Paralysis/pathology
8.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 14(4): 41-44, oct.-dic. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531061

ABSTRACT

El Síndrome de Ramsay Hunt es una parálisis facial periférica (PFP) aguda asociada a otalgia y ampollas herpéticas en piel del pabellón de la oreja y del conducto auditivo externo. Debida a inflamación del nervio facial ocasionada por reactivación del virus de la varicela zoster. (VVZ). Es más frecuente en inmunodeprimidos y después de los 50 años. Enfermedad rara, autolimitada y su pronóstico es bueno. El diagnóstico es básicamente clínico. Paciente masculino de 27 años de edad, con enfermedad de dos semanas de evolución, caracterizada por debilidad, sensación de ardor en región temporal izquierda; posteriormente otalgia, aparición de eritema maculopapular, que evolucionó a vesículas en región temporo-parieto-occipital, hemicuello y hombro izquierdo. Luego presentó PFP. Antecedente de varicela a los 8 años. Se demostró VVZ a través de inmunofluorescencia directa de muestra de suero y biopsia de piel. El paciente fue tratado con: Aciclovir, Prednisona, Ketoprofeno. Nuestro caso corresponde a un síndrome de Ramsay Hunt tipo 2, consiste en PFP, dolor periauricular, lesiones herpéticas en pabellón auricular, conducto auditivo externo, cara, cuero cabelludo o cuello, sin afectación del VIII Par craneal. Para confirmar la clínica, la inmunofluorescencia directa se escogió como método diagnóstico por ser más sensible que el cultivo, de costo accesible y procesamiento rápido. El VVZ es muy lábil y d¡fícil de aislar. El paciente respondió bien al tratamiento, desapareciendo la neuralgia postherpetica y la parálisis facial completamente a los 27 días de su egreso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Facial Paralysis/diagnosis , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Facial Paralysis/therapy , Neuralgia/pathology , Parkinsonian Disorders/pathology
9.
Korean Journal of Radiology ; : 16-23, 2002.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-121153

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical utility of MR imaging of the temporal bone in patients with facial and audiovestibular dysfunction with particular emphasis on the importance of contrast enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the MR images of 179 patients [72 men, 107 women; average age, 44 (range, 1-77) years] who presented with peripheral facial palsy (n=15), audiometrically proven sensorineural hearing loss (n=104), vertigo (n=109), or tinnitus (n=92). Positive MR imaging findings possibly responsible for the patients' clinical manifestations were categorized according to the anatomic sites and presumed etiologies of the lesions. We also assessed the utility of contrast-enhanced MR imaging by analyzing its contribution to the demonstration of lesions which would otherwise not have been apparent. All MR images were interpreted by two neuroradiologists, who reached their conclusions by consensus. RESULTS: MR images demonstrated positive findings, thought to account for the presenting symptoms, in 78 (44%) of 179 patients, including 15 (100%) of 15 with peripheral facial palsy, 43 (41%) of 104 with sensorineural hearing loss, 40 (37%) of 109 with vertigo, and 39 (42%) of 92 with tinnitus. Thirty (38%) of those 78 patients had lesions that could be confidently recognized only at contrastenhanced MR imaging. CONCLUSION: Even though its use led to positive findings in less than half of these patients, MR imaging of the temporal bone is a useful diagnostic procedure in the evaluation of those with facial and audiovestibular dysfunction. Because it was only at contrast-enhanced MR imaging that a significant number of patients showed positive imaging findings which explained their clinical manifestations, the use of contrast material is highly recommended.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Contrast Media , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Temporal Bone/pathology , Tinnitus/pathology , Vertigo/pathology
10.
Neurol India ; 2000 Dec; 48(4): 385-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-120850

ABSTRACT

Facial nerve neurinomas are rare. The tumours arising from the geniculate ganglion may grow anteriorly and superiorly and present as a mass in the middle cranial fossa. Only a few cases of facial nerve neurinomas presenting as middle cranial fossa mass have so far been reported. These tumours present with either long standing or intermittent facial palsy along with cerebellopontine angle syndrome.


Subject(s)
Adult , Cerebellopontine Angle/pathology , Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Facial Nerve/pathology , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Female , Humans , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
11.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 59(1): 10-6, jan. 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-280222

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Introduçäo: A paresia ou paralisia que atinge o reto superior e eo oblíquo inferior do mesmo olho é, também, denominada paralisia dupla de elevadores (PDE). A maioria dos casos requer tratamento e este é cirúrgico na quase totalidade dos pacientes. Säo discutidas as vantagens e desvantagens das diferentes condutas, bem como o modo de distribui-las ao longo do tempo. Quadro clinico: O ângulo de desvio na posiçäo primária é variável. Alguns pacientes têm visäo binocular. O olho afetado pode ser usado para fixaçäo. O paciente pode ter ptose palpebral verdadeira ou pseudo-ptose. Posiçäo viciosa de cabeça pode ser observada. O fenômeno de Bell pode estar preservado ou ausente. O teste das duçöes forçadas é usualmente normal, mas às vezes revela certa limitaçäo na elevaçäo. Etinologia: A maioria dos autores admite uma lesäo supranuclear, atingindo as fibras cruzadas destinadas ao reto superior e as näo-cruzadas que se dirigem ao oblíquo inferior. Pode haver comprometimento do sub-núcleo contralateral do reto superior. Tratamento: A cirurgia convencional, de debilitamento e/ ou reforço de musculos com açäo vertical, é ineficaz. Pode haver comprometimento do sub-núcleo contralateral do reto superior. Tratamento: A cirurgia convencional, de debilitamento e/ ou reforço de músculos com açäo vertical, é ineficaz. A transposiçäo dos retos horizontais para a inserçäo do reto superior é o procediemnto de escolha. Conclusäo: A PDE é um quadro multiforme que responde bem à transposiçäo dos retos horizontais (au)


Subject(s)
Blepharoptosis/complications , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Eye , Paresis
12.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 60(2): 245-8, 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-262221

ABSTRACT

Un accidente vasculoencefálico isquémico en un paciente anciano se asocia comúnmente a una etiopatologenia trombótica o embólica no teniéndose en cuenta otras teiologías de baja incidencia, pudiendo esto ocasionar la pérdida de oportunidades terapéuticas. Comunicamos el caso de una paciente en la cual un Síndrome del uno y medio de Fisher y una parálisis facial periférica derechos, producto de una lesión inquémica protuberancial, fueron los síntomas graves de presentación de una arterítis temporal en la cual síntomas generales previos atribuibles a la misma, pasaron desapercibidos. Apoyaron la etiologia una biopsia bilateral de arterias temporales positiva y la comprabación de lesiones isquémicas múltiples incluyendo protuberancia en la RMN de cráneo. Conclusiones. Las diversas presentaciones clínicas de la arteritis temporal plantean considerarla entre las opciones etiológicos en todo paciente con signos neurológicos múltiples afectando la circulación vertebrobasiliar, acompañados de signos y síntomas generales y VSG elevada. Evitar la neuropatía óptica isquémica anterior y otras complicaciones exige un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Giant Cell Arteritis/complications , Ocular Motility Disorders/etiology , Aged, 80 and over , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Giant Cell Arteritis , Syndrome , Temporal Arteries
15.
Caracas; s.n; dic. 1996. 92 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-225727

ABSTRACT

A fin de determinar las características de las parálisis faciales periféricas, en nuestro medio se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo de 140 pacientes con parálisis faciales periféricas que acudieron a la Consulta Externa de Neurología del Hospital Vargas de Caracas durante los meses de julio de 1994 y julio de 1995. La parálisis de Bell fue la causa más común de parálisis facial. Se afectaron por igual pacientes del sexo masculino que femenino, afectándose pacientes de todas las edades, con una mayor incidencia entre los 20 y 50 años. Ambos lados de la cara se afectaron con la misma proporción. Hubo un 11,42 de recurrencias. Se les acudió con examenes paraclínicos de laboratorio, con estudios radiográficos y electrofisiológicos concluyéndose que puede correlacionarse los resultados de estos últimos con el pronóstico de recuperación. El 82,14 de los pacientes tuvieron una recuperación satisfactoria. Un 16,83 de los pacientes presentaron complicaciones de reinervación aberrante, sin ninguna complicación invalidante. Los resultados de estudio son muy similares a los resultados de series internacionales


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Neurology , Facial Paralysis/complications , Facial Paralysis/etiology , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Facial Paralysis/rehabilitation
16.
Invest. clín ; 37(2): 137-48, jun. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-199235

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Facies Asimétria con el Llanto (FALL) se incluye entre las clínicas de parálisis facial congénita. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir las características clínicas y las malformaciones congénitas y/o trastornos neurológicos asociados en 16 pacientes cuyo diagnóstico fue FALL, examinados en el servicio de neuropediatría de los hospitales Adolfo Pons, Universitario y Clínico de Maracaibo, Venezuela, en un período de 10 años (1984-1994). De acuerdo con los análisis de las pruebas de independencia realizadas el lado afectado, es independientes del sexo. Siete de los 16 pacientes (43,75 por ciento) presentaron malformaciones congénitas y/o trastornos neurológicos asociados, destacándose la hiperquinesia y la hernia diafragmática, no reportada en la literatura consultada. En tres de las familias estudiadas podría plantearse un mecanismo de transmisión autosómico dominante, con penetrancia incompleta. En el resto de las familias, sólo el paciente estuvo afectado


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Facial Asymmetry/diagnosis , Facial Asymmetry/pathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology , Facies , Facial Paralysis/genetics , Facial Paralysis/pathology
17.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 278-285, 1988.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-47156

ABSTRACT

Due to unknown underlying biochemical disorders, the delineation of Dejerine-sottas disease has been subject to recent controversy. This is a case of a 9 year-old Korean female with the clinical manifestations of sporadic occurence, chronic severe and symmetrical motor sensory polyneuropathy, thickened palpable peripheral nerves, facial diplegia, areflexia and abnormal pupillary reactivity to light. The electrophysiological studies are indicative of chronic demyelination neuropathy showing markedly slowed motor NCV, low and dispersed CMAPs and extreme dispersion of a SNAP. The pathology of the sural nerve reveals prominant hypomyelination and onion bulbs characterized by whorling concentric proliferations of the cytoplasmic processes of Schwann cells. The nosological problems of hypertrophic neuropathy in childhood are discussed.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Axons/pathology , Demyelinating Diseases/pathology , Facial Paralysis/pathology , Hereditary Sensory and Motor Neuropathy/pathology , Sural Nerve/pathology
18.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1988; 2 (1): 33-5
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-11296

ABSTRACT

This work was done to re-evaluate the topognostic and prognostic value of stapedial reflex test/ in Bell's palsy. 20 cases of Bell's pasly were subjected to Schirmer's test, stapedial reflex and follow up for 6 months. It was found that the lesion was distal to the stapedius nerve in 3 cases [15%], in the tympanic segment in 14 cases [70%] and proximal to the geniculate ganglion in 3 cases [15%]. The presence or absence of the reflex was not a good index of prognosis but when the reflex was preserved the improvement started after a shorter duration. 57.1% of the cases with lost reflex showed return of the reflex before clinical improvement


Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Lacrimal Apparatus/physiology , Facial Paralysis/pathology
19.
Pakistan Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 1988; 4 (2): 71-73
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-11559

ABSTRACT

A case is reported with facial nerve paralysis, oedema of face and fissured tongue, history of the syndrome its clinical manifestations are discussed. The role of Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation in the management has been found helpful in the disease


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Facial Paralysis/pathology
20.
In. Psillakis, Jorge Miguel; Zanini, Silvio Antonio; Mélega, José Marcos; Costa, Edgard Alves; Cruz, Ricardo Lopes. Cirurgia craniomaxilofacial: osteotomias estéticas da face. Rio de Janeiro, Medsi, 1987. p.259-74, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-256031
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