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1.
Femina ; 49(12): 648-657, 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358200

ABSTRACT

O transplante de medula óssea (TMO) é um procedimento indicado para o tratamento de doenças hematológicas, que afetam muitas mulheres jovens. O aperfeiçoamento dos cuidados durante o TMO proporciona altos índices de cura e de sobrevida. No entanto, pode deixar sequelas em vários órgãos e sistemas, entre eles o sistema reprodutor e os órgãos genitais, impactando negativamente a qualidade de vida das receptoras do TMO. O objetivo desta publicação foi realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre o tema e propor um protocolo assistencial que torne acessível os cuidados relacionados à saúde sexual e reprodutiva a esse grupo especial de mulheres, baseado em dados clínicos de um ambulatório de assistência ginecológica às mulheres transplantadas no Hospital Amaral Carvalho, em Jaú, no interior de São Paulo.(AU)


Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is indicated for the treatment of hematological diseases which affect many young women. The improvement of care during BMT procedures provides higher cure and survival rates. however, it can cause sequelae in various organs and systems, including the reproductive system and genitals, negatively impacting quality of life. The purpose of this publication is to present a narrative review related to this theme and to propose a healthcare protocol that allows sexual and reproductive care in this special group of patients, based on the clinical experience of a gynecological outpatient clinic at the Amaral Carvalho Hospital, in Jaú (SP) which specifically care for these women.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Postoperative Complications , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Clinical Protocols , Risk Factors , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/physiopathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Graft vs Host Disease/physiopathology
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 36(7): 634-641, jul. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-794762

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta relatos de sete distintas patologias de origem reprodutiva ainda não descritas em cutias (Dasyprocta aguti Linnaeus, 1758) fêmeas, que afetaram a fertilidade ou resultaram na morte do animal. Descreveu-se a natureza, a localização e a frequência das alterações patológicas macroscópicas e histológicas dos órgãos que compõem o sistema reprodutivo de cutias fêmeas, criadas sob condições de cativeiro no semiárido do Brasil. Foram avaliados através do exame anatomopatológico o aparelho reprodutivo de trinta e nove cutias mortas naturalmente e encaminhadas ao Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, no período de fevereiro de 2010 a maio de 2015. Destas, constatou-se alterações patológicas no sistema reprodutivo de 10 (25,6 %). No total, 13 alterações foram observadas, sendo que, em alguns animais haviam a coexistência de mais de uma alteração. Assim, as alterações patológicas encontradas foram: endometrite (n=4; 30,8%), piometra (n=3; 23%), retenção de placenta (n=2; 15,4%), maceração fetal (n=1; 7,7%), mumificação fetal (n=1; 7,7%), parto distócico (n=1; 7,7%) e ovários afuncionais (n=1; 7,7%).(AU)


This paper presents seven distinct reports diseases with reproductive origins that are not yet described in females agoutis (Dasyprocta aguti Linnaeus, 1758), affecting fertility or resulted in the animal's death. The nature, location and frequency of macroscopic and histological pathological changes of the organs that compose the reproductive system of female agoutis, created under conditions of captivity in the semiarid region of Brazil, are described in this article. Were evaluated by pathological examination of the reproductive tract of thirty-nine naturally dead agoutis and sent to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory in February 2010 to May 2015. From these, it was found pathological alterations in the reproductive system of 10 (25.6%). A total of 13 abnormalities were observed, and in some animals had the coexistence of more than one alteration. Thus, the pathological changes were: endometritis (n=4, 30.8%), pyometra (n=3; 23%), retained placenta (n=2; 15.4%), fetal maceration (n=1, 7.7%), fetal mummification (n=1, 7.7%), dystocia (n=1, 7.7%) and afuncionais ovary (n=1, 7.7%).(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dasyproctidae/physiology , Female Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/veterinary , Endometritis/veterinary , Fetal Death , Ovary/physiopathology , Placenta, Retained/veterinary , Pyometra/veterinary
3.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 19(4): 339-345, sept. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702209

ABSTRACT

La involución del tracto genital femenino refleja su integración con los cambios que sufre el eje hipotálamo-hipofisario-ovárico. El descenso de los niveles de estradiol conlleva una serie de efectos adversos, incluidos los relativos a las vías urinarias inferiores. El cambio más importante es la atrofia vaginal: la mucosa vaginal se vuelve más fina y seca, lo cual puede producir incomodidad vaginal, sequedad, quemazón, prurito y dispareunia. El epitelio vaginal puede presentar cambios inflamatorios y ser un factor que contribuya a los síntomas urinarios, tales como frecuencia, urgencia, disuria, incontinencia, e infecciones recurrentes. Por otra parte, se ha sugerido que los niveles bajos de estrógenos pueden afectar los tejidos periuretrales y contribuir a la laxitud de la pelvis y la incontinencia de esfuerzo. Relacionados con el hipoestrogenismo, los cambios en el pH y la flora vaginal pueden predisponer a las mujeres posmenopáusicas a las infecciones del tracto urinario. La terapia hormonal local en forma de cremas, comprimidos o supositorios es la base del tratamiento de la atrofia genital. Además, otras vías de administración de hormonas, tanto local como sistémica, también han demostrado ser válidas. Sin embargo, a pesar de que los beneficios del reemplazo con estrógenos en la prevención de la atrofia vaginal y la reducción de la incidencia de los síntomas están bien establecidos, este tipo de tratamiento está contraindicado en algunas mujeres y no es una opción aceptable para otras. Pero además, la ruta óptima de administración del tratamiento hormonal, el régimen, las dosis, y las alternativas no hormonales para mejorar los síntomas y la calidad de vida de la población posmenopáusica no han sido completamente estudiados. Esta revisión se centra en los cambios del envejecimiento vaginal e intenta presentar una sinopsis de la fisiopatología y el tratamiento de la atrofia vaginal y la vaginitis atrófica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Female Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/therapy , Genitalia, Female/physiology , Genitalia, Female/pathology , Vaginitis/diagnosis , Vaginitis/therapy
4.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(2): 398-406, mar. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-481008

ABSTRACT

O acometimento patológico do sistema nervoso no diabetes melito é muito amplo e, freqüentemente, bastante grave. A prevalência de neuropatia diabética atinge níveis elevados com a evolução temporal do diabetes, chegando, geralmente, a freqüências acima de 50 por cento de lesão neurológica em diferentes grupos de pacientes analisados em nosso meio e no exterior. A lesão neurológica nesta situação patológica é extensa no organismo humano diabético, envolvendo amplamente todo o sistema nervoso periférico nos seus componentes sensitivo-motor e autonômico: com clínica característica e concordante com as hipóteses patogênicas de natureza metabólica e/ou microvascular. O sistema nervoso autonômico é o elemento fundamental na regulação da função da maior parte dos sistemas ou órgãos no organismo, portanto, a sua lesão pode trazer importantes alterações para as funções cardiovascular, respiratória, digestiva, urinária e genital, podendo influir na função vital de alguns desses órgãos ou sistemas. Este artigo aborda as alterações decorrentes da lesão do sistema nervoso autonômico, especialmente nos pacientes diabéticos tipo 1, procurando dimensionar o risco de morbimortalidade.


The pathological alteration of the nervous system in diabetic patients is extensive and frequently severe. The prevalence of the diabetic neuropathy reach high levels with the evolution of the diabetes, often showing frequencies higher than 50 percent in several groups of patients. The neurological lesion in this pathological situation is extensive in the diabetic patient, including widely the peripheral nervous system with its components sensory, motor and autonomic: with typical symptoms and in accordance with the pathogenesis of metabolic origin and/or microvascular disease. The autonomic nervous system is a main regulator of many systems in the human body. Then its lesion can promote significant alterations in the function of the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital system, that can be related to increased motality. This review anlyses the abnormalities related to lesion of the autonomic nervous system, particularly in type 1 diabetic patients, trying to characterize the risk of morbidity and mortality.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetic Neuropathies/etiology , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/pathology , Body Temperature Regulation/physiology , Chronic Disease , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology , Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/pathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/physiopathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/etiology , Female Urogenital Diseases/pathology , Female Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/pathology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/physiopathology , Male Urogenital Diseases/etiology , Male Urogenital Diseases/pathology , Male Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Risk Factors
5.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 33(6): 815-821, Nov.-Dec. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-476646

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) is an electrophysiological test used to evaluate sensory innervations in peripheral and central neuropathies. Pudendal SSEP has been studied in dysfunctions related to the lower urinary tract and pelvic floor. Although some authors have already described technical details pertaining to the method, the standardization and the influence of physiological variables in normative values have not yet been established, especially for women. The aim of the study was to describe normal values of the pudendal SSEP and to compare technical details with those described by other authors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clitoral sensory threshold and pudendal SSEP latency was accomplished in 38 normal volunteers. The results obtained from stimulation performed on each side of the clitoris were compared to ages, body mass index (BMI) and number of pregnancies. RESULTS: The values of clitoral sensory threshold and P1 latency with clitoral left stimulation were respectively, 3.64 ± 1.01 mA and 37.68 ± 2.60 ms. Results obtained with clitoral right stimulation were 3.84 ± 1.53 mA and 37.42 ± 3.12 ms, respectively. There were no correlations between clitoral sensory threshold and P1 latency with age, BMI or height of the volunteers. A significant difference was found in P1 latency between nulliparous women and volunteers who had been previously submitted to cesarean section. CONCLUSIONS: The SSEP latency represents an accessible and reproducible method to investigate the afferent pathways from the genitourinary tract. These results could be used as normative values in studies involving genitourinary neuropathies in order to better clarify voiding and sexual dysfunctions in females.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Clitoris/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory/physiology , Female Urogenital Diseases/diagnosis , Pelvic Floor/physiology , Sensory Thresholds/physiology , Body Mass Index , Clitoris/innervation , Electric Stimulation , Electrodes , Electromyography , Female Urogenital Diseases/physiopathology , Pregnancy Rate , Prospective Studies , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/diagnosis
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