Fiocruz as an actor in Brazilian foreign relations in the context of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries: an untold story / A Fiocruz como ator da política externa brasileira no contexto da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa: uma história revelada

Brazilian foreign policy paradigms and changes in the global scenario since the Cold War created conditions for stronger ties between Brazil and Portuguese-speaking African countries. Recently, Brazil took the lead in regional integration processes and in South-South cooperation initiatives. These strategies and Fiocruz's acknowledged technical expertise resulted in its direct involvement in Brazilian foreign public health policy in the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries. Fiocruz developed cooperation projects in various areas, sharing its know-how and best practices in the most critical fields in partner countries, consolidating "public health framework cooperation" and contributing to diversifying Brazil's partners and promoting Brazil as a global actor.

Os paradigmas da política externa brasileira e as mudanças no cenário global desde a Guerra Fria criaram as condições para aproximação do Brasil com os países africanos de língua portuguesa. Recentemente, o Brasil tomou a liderança nos processos de integração regional e nas iniciativas de cooperação Sul-Sul. Essas estratégias e a reconhecida expertise técnica da Fiocruz abriram espaço para o envolvimento direto da instituição na política externa do Brasil com a Comunidade de Países de Língua Portuguesa na área da saúde. A Fiocruz desenvolveu projetos de cooperação em áreas diversas, compartilhando seu know-how e melhores práticas em áreas prioritárias dos países parceiros, consolidando a "cooperação estruturante em saúde" e contribuindo para a diversificação de parceiros do país e promovendo o Brasil como ator global.

Expression of p21 and p27 in gallbladder cancer

To investigate the expression of p21 and p27 factors in gallbladder cancer [GBC], and to correlate their expression with clinicopathological parameters: age, gender, stage, invasion, and grade. Thirty-two surgically resected specimens were collected between 1994-2001 from different health centers in north Jordan. Tissues belong to 25 females and 7 males were examined immunohistochemically. The study took place in the Pathology Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan. Levels of p21 were found in 75% and p27 in 25%. Furthermore, p21 was expressed in 50% of the specimens which are belong to patients with ages <64 years, whereas all specimens for ages >64 years have p21WAF1/CIP1 expression [p=0.001]. The expression of p21 between advanced stages [stages III and IV] was 89.5% and early stages [stages I and II] was 53.8% [p=0.031]. The p27 expression was markedly decreased in GBC cases [25%] and there were no significant correlation between p27KIP1 expression and all clinicopathological parameters including gender, World Health Organization grades, stages, and invasion, whereas the expression of p21 was 75% and there was a significant correlation between p21 and the clinicopathological parameters including gender, stages, and invasion