Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 6 de 6
Filter
1.
Braz. j. biol ; 81(3): 814-821, July-Sept. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153402

ABSTRACT

Abstract Untreated sewage and industrial wastes from Faisalabad city are disposed to River Chenab through Chakbandi Main Drain (CMD). The present project is planned to investigate the effects of this freshwater pollution on the body of fish Ictalurus punctatus. The specimens of this fish species were collected upstream and downstream of the entrance of CMD into River Chenab. Fish gills, liver, kidney and muscles from dorsolateral regions of fish were subjected to histopathology. Farmed fish and fish from upstream areas were used as control. Fish collected from polluted experimental sites showed significant damage in selected organs. Gill tissues showed an abnormality in the form of an uplifting of the primary epithelium, fusion, vacuolation, hypertrophy, and necrosis. While liver tissues subjected to hepatocytes degeneration, necrosis, mitochondrial granular hepatocyte, and sinusoids dilation. Kidney tissues indicated increased bowmen space and constricted glomerulus and degenerated nephrons. Edema, necrosis, and atrophy were observed in muscle tissues of fish from polluted areas. Fish from the upstream area showed fused gill lamellae, inflammatory cell infiltration, hypertrophy and vacuolation in hepatocytes. Kidney tissues indicated the presence of nuclear tubular cells, destructive renal tubules, hemorrhage, and necrosis at tubular epithelium. Intra myofibril spaces were also observed in muscles. Specimens of control fish indicated no variation in gills, liver, kidney, and muscles. The present study revealed a strong correlation between the degree of tissue damage and environmental contamination. Present findings also compel global warnings to protect our water bodies and fish to rescue the human population.


Resumo O esgoto não tratado e os resíduos industriais da cidade de Faisalabad, no Paquistão, são descartados no Rio Chenab através do dreno principal de Chakbandi (CMD). O presente projeto busca investigar os efeitos dessa poluição de água doce no corpo de peixes Ictalurus punctatus. Os espécimes deste peixe foram coletados a montante e a jusante da entrada do CMD no Rio Chenab. Brânquias, fígado, rim e músculos das regiões dorsolaterais dos peixes foram submetidos à histopatologia. Peixes de criação e peixes de áreas a montante foram utilizados como controle. Peixes coletados em locais experimentais poluídos mostraram danos significativos em órgãos selecionados. Os tecidos branquiais mostraram uma anormalidade na forma de elevação do epitélio primário, fusão, vacuolação, hipertrofia e necrose. Observou-se que os tecidos hepáticos estão sujeitos a degeneração de hepatócitos, necrose, hepatócitos mitocondriais granulares e dilatação de sinusoides. Os tecidos renais indicaram aumento do espaço dos arqueiros, glomérulos contraídos e néfrons degenerados. Edema, necrose e atrofia foram observados nos tecidos musculares de peixes de áreas poluídas. Peixes da área a montante apresentaram lamelas branquiais fundidas, infiltração de células inflamatórias, hipertrofia e vacuolização em hepatócitos. Os tecidos renais indicaram a presença de células tubulares nucleares, túbulos renais destrutivos, hemorragia e necrose no epitélio tubular. Os espaços intramiofibrilas também foram observados nos músculos. Amostras de peixes controle não indicaram variação em brânquias, fígado, rim e músculos. O presente estudo revelou uma forte correlação entre o grau de dano tecidual e a contaminação ambiental. As descobertas atuais também constituem avisos globais para proteger nossos corpos d'água e peixes para resguardar a população humana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Ictaluridae , Gills , Kidney , Liver , Muscles
2.
Rev. biol. trop ; 68(2)jun. 2020.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1507688

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Morphotypes of native catfish of the genus Ictalurus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) are known to occur in allopatry in the northern Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico, with only the Yaqui catfish (Ictalurus pricei) taxonomically described. Recent genetic analysis of these morphotypes has revealed the monophyly of the I. pricei complex, which indicates Ictalurus sp. from the Culiacán River and San Lorenzo River basins as its nearest genetic relative and recognizes as an evolutionarily significant unit the Culiacán River and San Lorenzo River morphotypes. Objective: To compare the meristic and morphometric characteristics of the catfish of the Culiacán River basin with its nearest genetic relative, the Yaqui catfish, in order to determine the presence of distinctive morphological characters that support genetic evidence previously reported for these morphotypes. Methods: Catfish specimens were collected during various field expeditions (1990-2012) to remote sites of the Sierra Madre Occidental and conducted in the Yaqui River and Culiacán River basins with the purpose of morphological comparison. Forty-five morphological characters (40 morphometric and five meristic) were examined in 76 adult specimens - 52 Ictalurus sp. and 24 Ictalurus pricei. Three groups were subject to a discriminant function analysis (DFA), including two Ictalurus sp. groups from the Humaya River and Tamazula River sub-basins, representing the Culiacán River basin, and one I. pricei group representing the Yaqui River basin. The standardized measurements and meristic data of the catfish morphotypes were compared by means of DFA. Results: The DFA revealed 12 characters to be significantly different (P< 0.01) among the groups compared. The morphological characters separating the Ictalurus sp. (Culiacán River basin) from the Yaqui catfish were associated with lower anal, pelvic and pectoral fin ray numbers, shorter head and predorsal lengths, shorter longest lateral barbel and longest dorsal ray lengths and a narrower premaxilar dentary plate; and finally longer distances in Ictalurus sp. for dorsal-fin origin to last anal-fin ray base and dorsal-fin origin to posterior end of the adipose fin base. The standardized coefficients for canonical variables 1 and 2 accounted for 85.6 % and 14.4 % of the total variation, respectively. Conclusions: The distinctive morphological characters of the Ictalurus sp. found in the Culiacán River basin, combined with the known mitochondrial evidence for this morphotype, identify it as an evolutionarily significant unit that requires description as a new species based on taxonomical protocols.


Introducción: Morfotipos de bagres nativos del género Ictalurus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae) se distribuyen de manera alopátrica en el norte de la Sierra Madre Occidental, de los cuales solo el bagre Yaqui (Ictalurus pricei) ha sido taxonómicamente descrito. Análisis genéticos recientes de esos morfotipos han revelado la monofilia del complejo I. pricei, que incluyó a Ictalurus sp. de las cuencas de los ríos Culiacán y San Lorenzo como su pariente genético más cercano, además del reconocimiento de los morfotipos de los ríos Culiacán and San Lorenzo como una unidad evolutivamente significativa. Objetivo: Comparar características merísticas y morfométricas del bagre de la cuenca del río Culiacán con su pariente genético más cercano, el bagre Yaqui, con el propósito de determinar la presencia de caracteres morfológicos distintivos en apoyo a evidencia genética previamente reportada para esos morfotipos. Métodos: Especímenes de bagres fueron recolectados durante varias expediciones de campo (1990-2012) en sitios remotos de la Sierra Madre Occidental en las cuencas de los ríos Yaqui y Culiacán para comparación morfológica. Cuarenta y cinco caracteres morfológicos (40 morfométricos y cinco merísticos) fueron examinados en 76 especímenes adultos (52 de Ictalurus sp. y 24 de Ictalurus pricei). Medidas corporales estandarizadas y datos merísticos de los morfotipos de bagres estudiados fueron comparados por medio de un análisis de función discriminante (AFD). Resultados: El AFD arrojó 12 caracteres significativamente diferentes (P< 0.01) entre los grupos comparados. Los caracteres morfológicos que distinguen al bagre del río Culiacán del bagre Yaqui, estuvieron asociados con un menor número de radios anales, pélvicos y pectorales, así como dimensiones más pequeñas para la longitud de la cabeza, longitud predorsal, longitud de la barbilla lateral más larga, longitud del radio dorsal más largo y una menor anchura de la placa dentaria premaxilar; y finalmente, dimensiones mayores en Ictalurus sp. (cuenca del río Culiacán) para distancias como origen de aleta dorsal a la base del último radio anal y origen de aleta dorsal a conexión posterior de aleta adiposa. Los coeficientes estandarizados para las variables canónicas 1 y 2 explicaron el 85.6 y 14.4 % de la variación total, respectivamente. Conclusiones: Los caracteres morfológicos distintivos de Ictalurus sp. de la cuenca del río Culiacán, en combinación con la evidencia mitocondrial conocida para este mismo morfotipo, permite reconocerlo como una unidad evolutivamente significativa y que requiere ser descrita como una especie nueva bajo los protocolos taxonómicos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ictaluridae/classification , Catfishes/anatomy & histology , Mexico
3.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 10(1): 167-176, 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-624078

ABSTRACT

We experimentally examined the predator-prey relationships between juvenile spotted sorubim Pseudoplastystoma corruscans and young-of-the-year invasive and native fish species of the Paraná River basin, Brazil. Three invasive (peacock bass Cichla piquiti, Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, and channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus) and two native (yellowtail tetra Astyanax altiparanae and streaked prochilod Prochilodus lineatus) fish species were offered as prey to P. corruscans in 300 L aquaria with three habitat complexity treatments (0%, 50% and 100% structure-covered). Prey survival was variable through time and among species (C. piquiti < O. niloticus < A. altiparanae < P. lineatus < I. punctatus), depending largely on species-specific prey behavior but also on prey size and morphological defenses. Habitat complexity did not directly affect P. corruscans piscivory but some prey species changed their microhabitat use and shoaling behavior among habitat treatments in predator's presence. Pseudoplatystoma corruscans preyed preferentially on smaller individuals of those invasive species with weak morphological defensive features that persisted in a non-shoaling behavior. Overall, our results contrast with those in a companion experiment using a diurnal predator, suggesting that nocturnal piscivores preferentially prey on different (rather diurnal) fish species and are less affected by habitat complexity. Our findings suggest that recovering the native populations of P. corruscans might help controling some fish species introduced to the Paraná River basin, particularly C. piquiti and O. niloticus, whose parental care is expected to be weak or null at night.


A relação predador-presa entre juvenis de pintado Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (piscívoro nativo) e jovens do ano de espécies nativas e invasoras de peixes da bacia do rio Paraná, Brasil, foi testada experimentalmente. Três espécies de peixe invasoras (o tucunaré Cichla piquiti, a tilápia do Nilo Oreochromis niloticus e o bagre do canal Ictalurus punctatus) e duas nativas (o lambari do rabo amarelo Astyanax altiparanae e o curimbatá Prochilodus lineatus) foram oferecidas como presa para P. corruscans em microcosmos, com três tratamentos de complexidade de habitat (0%, 50% e 100% de cobertura por estruturas submersas). A sobrevivência de presas variou ao longo do tempo e entre espécies (C. piquiti < O. niloticus < A. altiparanae < P. lineatus < I. punctatus), sendo governada, em grande parte, por diferenças espécies-específicas no comportamento das presas, mas também pelo tamanho e defesas morfológicas das mesmas. A complexidade de habitat não afetou diretamente a piscivoria de P. corruscans, mas, na presença do predador, algumas espécies-presa alteraram seu comportamento quanto ao uso de micro-habitat e grau de agregação entre os níveis de complexidade de habitat. Pseudoplatystoma corruscans predou preferencialmente sobre os indivíduos menores das espécies invasoras que apresentaram estruturas morfológicas defensivas pouco desenvolvidas e que não formavam cardume. Em geral, os resultados obtidos contrastam com os de um experimento análogo, no qual foi usado um piscívoro diurno, sugerindo que piscívoros noturnos predam preferencialmente sobre espécies de peixes diferentes (de hábitos mais diurnos) e que são menos afetados pela complexidade estrutural de habitats. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a recuperação de populações nativas de P. corruscans poderia contribuir para o controle de algumas espécies de peixes introduzidas no rio Paraná, especialmente C. piquiti e O. niloticus, dos quais se espera que o cuidado parental seja reduzido ou nulo à noite.


Subject(s)
Animals , Hunting/ethnology , Predatory Behavior/physiology , Ecosystem/analysis , Introduced Species , Catfishes/growth & development , Adaptation, Psychological/physiology , Cichlids , Ictaluridae/growth & development
4.
Braz. j. biol ; 70(3): 637-644, Aug. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555277

ABSTRACT

This study characterises morphologically Trichodina heterodentata Duncan, 1977 from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Body and gill smears were air-dried at room temperature, impregnated with silver nitrate and/or stained with Giemsa. Ten characteristics were selected to compare the present material with other morphological characterisations of T. heterodentata. Prevalence rate was 100 percent, mean intensity 89,333.70 (3,125 to 299,100 parasites per host). Trichodina heterodentata was considered medium-sized trichodinid with mean body diameter 59.4 ± 8.5 μm, denticulate ring 38.5 ± 4.5 μm, adhesive disc 60.2 ± 6.7 μm diameter and 24.4 ± 1.6 denticles. In relation to previous reports of T. heterodentata this material resembles in 90 percent of the analysed characters. This work confirms the biometrical variation that exists in the different populations of T. heterodentata. A list of hosts and comparative measurements of T. heterodentata are presented and the channel catfish is considered a new host.


Este estudo caracteriza morfologicamente Trichodina heterodentata Duncan, 1977 em bagre-do-canal, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Esfregaços do corpo e brânquias foram secados à temperatura ambiente, impregnados com nitrato de Prata e/ou corados com Giemsa. Dez características foram selecionadas para comparar o presente material com as diferentes caracterizações morfológicas de T. heterodentata. A taxa de prevalência foi de 100 por cento, a intensidade média foi de 89.333.75 (3.125 a 299.100 parasitos por hospedeiro). Trichodina heterodentata foi considerado um tricodinídeo de tamanho médio com a média do diâmetro do corpo de 59,4 ± 8.5 μm, anel denticulado 38,5 ± 4,5 μm, disco adesivo 60,2 ± 6,7 μm de diâmetro e 24,4 ± 1,6 dentículos. Em relação a registros prévios de T. heterodentata, 90 por cento das características foram semelhantes. Este trabalho confirma a variação biométrica que existe em diferentes populações de T. heterodentata. Uma lista de hospedeiros e medidas comparativas de T. heterodentata são apresentadas e o bagre-do-canal considerado um novo hospedeiro.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ciliophora Infections/epidemiology , Fish Diseases/parasitology , Ictaluridae/parasitology , Oligohymenophorea/classification , Oligohymenophorea/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Fish Diseases/epidemiology , Prevalence
5.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 4(4): 379-383, Oct.-Dec. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-458108

ABSTRACT

A new species of the hypoptopomatine catfish genus Otocinclus is described from two localities in the upper Río Amazonas basin: a tributary of the Río Puré in Colombia and two tributaries to the Río Amazonas near Iquitos in Peru. The new taxon can be easily distinguished from all congeners, except Otocinclus cocama, by having a single, intensely pigmented, vertical W-shaped caudal fin spot and by having three discrete dark bands on dorsum, between the dorsal-fin base and the caudal fin. Otocinclus batmani differs from O. cocama by the absence of vertically elongated blotches from the dorsal midline to the ventral border of flanks, and by lacking a posterior extension of black pigmentation on the base of two central caudal-fin rays. Phylogenetic relationships of the new species are investigated and it is possibly more closely related to a clade formed by O. huaorani, O. mariae, O. bororo, O. mura, and O. cocama.


Uma nova espécie de bagre hypoptopomatineo do gênero Otocinclus é descrita de duas localidades na bacia do alto rio Amazonas: um tributário do rio Puré na Colômbia e dois igarapés tributários do rio Amazonas próximo a Iquitos no Peru. O novo táxon pode ser facilmente distinguido dos demais congêneres, exceto Otocinclus cocama, por uma mancha vertical em forma de W, densamente pigmentada localizada na porção posterior da nadadeira caudal, e pela presença de três bandas discretas escuras no dorso, entre a base da nadadeira dorsal e a nadadeira caudal. De Otocinclus cocama ela é diferenciada pelo padrão de colorido composto de uma grande faixa escura lateral (vs. faixas verticais alongadas nos flancos) e pela ausência de pigmentação negra prolongada na base dos dois raios centrais da nadadeira caudal. As relações filogenéticas da nova espécie são investigadas e ela é possivelmente mais proximamente relacionada a um clado formado por O. huaorani, O. mariae, O. bororo, O. mura e O. cocama.


Subject(s)
Ictaluridae/classification , Phylogeny , Fishes/classification
6.
Rev. bras. biol ; 59(3): 517-525, Aug. 1999.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-320821

ABSTRACT

Bioassays were performed to assess the effects of different levels of growth medium supplementation with fetal bovine serum (FBS), fish fry extract (FE), combinations of FBS and FE, and addition of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) on the proliferation of brown bullhead catfish cells (BB line). Treatments (n = 4) were: 2.5, 5, 10, and 15.0 FBS or FE and 5/2.5, 5/5, 10/2.5, and 10/5 of a FBS/FE combination as supplement to the growth medium, or the addition of 0.1, 1, 2.5, 10, 25, and 75 ng/ml of either IGF-I or FGF to the growth media. Initial cell density was 1.1 x 10(6) cells per well on uncoated 24-well plates. Incubation temperature was 29.5 +/- 0.7 degrees C. Six hours after plating, initial culture medium was removed, plates rinsed with Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline, treatment media added, and cells allowed to proliferate for 24 hours. Another bioassay was performed with rat myoblast omega cells (RMo) using the same levels of growth medium supplemented with FBS, FE and FBS/FE. Base growth medium was Dulbecco's MEM. The initial cell density was 7.2 x 10(6) cells per well, and the bioassay was carried out at 36.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C, on a 95 air, 5 CO2 incubator. Increasing levels of FBS had a positive effect (P < 0.05) on the proliferation of both BB and RMo cells. Increasing levels of FE had a negative effect (P < 0.05) on the proliferation of BB cells and totally inhibited the proliferation of RMo cells at any level of supplementation. Higher levels of FE on the FBS/FE combinations presented a negative effect on the proliferation of both BB and RMo cells (P < 0.05). Insulin-like growth factor I had a positive quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on the proliferation of BB cells. Apparently, mammalian growth factors slightly stimulated mitogenic activity in fish cells, while FE contained factors which inhibited the mitogenic activity of RMo and BB cell lines.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Rats , Fetal Blood , Fibroblast Growth Factors , Ictaluridae , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Mitogens/pharmacology , Tissue Extracts , Biological Assay , Cell Line , Culture Media , Cell Division/drug effects , Ovum/physiology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL