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1.
In. Pradines Terra, Laura; García Parodi, Lucía; Bruno, Lorena; Filomeno Andriolo, Paola Antonella. La Unidad de Pie Diabético del Hospital Pasteur: modelo de atención y pautas de actuación: importancia del abordaje interdisciplinario. Montevideo, Cuadrado, 2023. p.227-249, ilus, tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1418718
2.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; 2023. 85 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437660

ABSTRACT

A febre Chikungunya (CHIKF) é uma infecção viral causada pelo vírus Chikungunya (CHIKV). Os sintomas agudos incluem febre alta de início súbito, erupção cutânea, poliartrite e poliartralgia. Embora a infecção geralmente seja resolvida em menos de duas semanas, muitos pacientes experenciam recorrente dor e inflamação nas articulações, que podem persistir por anos. Esse estudo buscou marcadores moleculares no sangue de infectados pelo CHIKV que estejam associados a dor articular e cronicidade da CHIKF. O sequenciamento de receptores de células B (BCR) e T (TCR) demonstrou que a infecção por CHIKV diminui a diversidade desses receptores. Essa diversidade é ainda menor, durante a fase aguda da infecção, naqueles pacientes que irão desenvolver cronicidade. A menor diversidade de BCR em infectados está associada a um aumento na expressão de genes envolvidos na diferenciação e ativação de osteoclastos pela sinalização RANK/RANKL. Em adição, a cronicidade pode estar relacionada um aumento na expressão do gene ZBTB7A cuja expressão confere maior resistência a apoptose em precursores de osteoclastos naqueles pacientes que vão se tornar crônicos. Caso o envolvimento dos osteoclastos durante a patogênese de CHIKF seja confirmado, os pacientes poderão se beneficiar de abordagens terapêuticas já existentes como alternativas adicionais ao tratamento de CHIKF


Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is a viral infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Acute symptoms include sudden-onset high fever, rash, polyarthritis, and polyarthralgia. Although the infection usually resolves within two weeks, many patients experience recurrent joint pain and inflammation, which can persist for years. This study sought molecular markers in the blood of CHIKV-infected individuals that are associated with joint pain and chronicity of CHIKF. Sequencing of B (BCR) and T (TCR) cell receptors demonstrated that CHIKV infection decreases the diversity of these receptors. The diversity is even lower, during the acute phase of the infection, in those patients who will develop chronicity. The lower diversity of BCR in infected individuals is associated with an increase in the expression of genes involved in the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts by RANK/RANKL signaling. In addition, chronicity may be related to an increase in the expression of the ZBTB7A gene whose expression confers greater resistance to apoptosis in osteoclast precursors in those patients who will become chronic. If osteoclast role during CHIKF pathogenesis is confirmed, patients may benefit from existing therapeutic approaches as additional alternatives to CHIKF treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Chikungunya Fever/drug therapy , Infections/classification , Osteoclasts/classification , Arthritis/pathology , Homeopathic Therapeutic Approaches/classification , Inflammation/classification , Joints/abnormalities
3.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 58: e20775, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403724

ABSTRACT

Abstract Up to today, there is no specific treatment against SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 infection; there the necessity to search for alternatives that help patients with COVID-19. The objective of this study was to review the use of ozone therapy as adjunct treatment for SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 infection, highlighting the mechanisms of action, forms of application and current clinical evidence. A systematic review was conducted in electronic databases, searching the terminology Ozone "or" Ozone therapy "and" SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 or Coronavirus. Results: nineteen studies were included; ten were editorials, comments, brief reports or reviews, and nine clinical studies. We found that ozone therapy could be favorable for treating patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19, through a direct antiviral effect, regulation of oxidative stress, immunomodulation and improvement of oxygen metabolism. Patients who were treated with ozone therapy responded favorably; therefore, ozone therapy appears to be a promising treatment for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19. Its mechanism of action justifies its use as an adjuvant therapy; however, scientific evidence is based on case series and clinical trials are necessary to corroborate its effectiveness and safety.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus/pathogenicity , SARS-CoV-2/classification , COVID-19/pathology , Ozone Therapy , Antiviral Agents/analysis , Patients/classification , Oxidative Stress , Research Report , Infections/classification
4.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 56: e18394, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249157

ABSTRACT

Tacinga inamoena (K. Schum.) N.P. Taylor & Stuppy, also known as quipá, is a native cactus of the Caatinga used in traditional medicine to treat urethral infections and inflammation. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of vegetal drug obtained from the roots of T. inamoena. Analytical techniques and phytochemical tests were used, such as thermal analysis, qualitative and semiquantitative determination of secondary metabolites and spectroscopy at the infrared region. The powder of the vegetal drug met the parameters established by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia, except for compressibility, which was low. On the thermogravimetric curve, three events related to the mass loss were verified, which correlate with the vegetal drug quality control and play a part in their standardization. The qualitative screening suggested the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenes. The infrared spectrum reinforced the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and ether groups. In the semiquantitative screening, a concentration for total polyphenols of 65 mg equivalent to gallic acid g-1 to the crude ethanol extract (CEE) was obtained. On the correlation of flavonoid content to seasonality, a concentration was obtained of 3.3 mg equivalent to quercetin g-1 to the CEE obtained during the drought period and of 10.6 mg equivalent to quercetin g-1 to the CCE obtained during the rainy season. In T. inamoena, the presence of important classes of secondary metabolites, which are associated with the pharmacognostic characterization, aids the authentication and quality control of vegetal drugs of importance in traditional Brazilian medicine.


Subject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Plant Roots/adverse effects , Cactaceae/classification , Quality Control , Spectrum Analysis/instrumentation , Laboratory and Fieldwork Analytical Methods/methods , Phytochemicals , Infections/classification , Phytotherapy/instrumentation
5.
J. Vasc. Bras. (Online) ; J. vasc. bras;19: e20190070, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1135124

ABSTRACT

Resumo A Society for Vascular Surgery propôs nova classificação para o membro inferior ameaçado, baseada nos três principais fatores influenciadores do risco de amputação do membro: ferida (Wound, W), isquemia (Ischemia, I) e infecção do pé (foot Infection, fI): a classificação WIfI. Esta abrange também os diabéticos, anteriormente excluídos do conceito de isquemia crítica do membro devido a seu quadro clínico complexo. O objetivo da classificação era fornecer estratificação de risco precisa e precoce ao paciente com membro inferior ameaçado; auxiliar no manejo clínico, permitindo comparar terapias alternativas; e predizer o risco de amputação em 1 ano e a necessidade de revascularização. O objetivo deste estudo é reunir os principais pontos abordados sobre a classificação WIfI no meio científico. A maior parte dos estudos de validação da classificação demonstram sua associação à predição de salvamento do membro, eventos de reintervenção, amputação e estenose, taxas de amputação maior e menor, sobrevida livre de amputação, e cicatrização de feridas.


Abstract The Society for Vascular Surgery has proposed a new classification system for the threatened lower limb, based on the three main factors that have an impact on limb amputation risk: Wound (W), Ischemia (I) and foot Infection ("fI") - the WIfI classification. The system also covers diabetic patients, previously excluded from the concept of critical limb ischemia because of their complex clinical condition. The classification's purpose is to provide accurate and early risk stratification for patients with threatened lower limbs; assisting with clinical management, enabling comparison of alternative therapies; and predicting risk of amputation at 1 year and the need for limb revascularization. The objective of this study is to collect together the main points about the WIfI classification that have been discussed in the scientific literature. Most of the studies conducted for validation of this classification system prove its association with factors related to limb salvage, such as amputation rates, amputation-free survival, prediction of reintervention, amputation, and stenosis (RAS) events, and wound healing.


Subject(s)
Wounds and Injuries/classification , Classification , Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia/classification , Infections/classification , Risk Assessment , Limb Salvage/methods , Extremities/blood supply , Validation Studies as Topic , Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia/diagnosis , Amputation, Surgical
6.
Repert. med. cir ; 24(2): 123-130, 2015. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-795708

ABSTRACT

A nivel mundial la mortalidad neonatal corresponde al 41% de las que ocurren en menores de cinco años. Dentro de las causas descritas por la OMS la sepsis corresponde a la tercera, después de la prematurez y la asfixia perinatal. La Candida sp es uno de los agentes etiológicos que en el período neonatal genera alta morbilidad y mortalidad, así como secuelas neurológicas a largo plazo en especial en prematuros y de bajo peso. Estos pacientes cuentan con características inmunológicas propias, requerimientos de procedimientos invasivos y mayor sobrevida en estancias hospitalarias prolongadas, que se convierten en factores de riesgo que predisponen a desarrollar candidiasis sistémica. Dado el impacto de esta patología es importante contar con un abordaje integral diagnóstico y terapéutico eficaz que disminuya la morbimortalidad, mejorando el pronóstico vital y funcional. En los últimos años se han generado diferentes guías y protocolos médicos en busca de optimizar el manejo de esta infección, por lo que es importante describir cuales son las mejores recomendaciones actuales para el enfoque, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la candidiasis neonatal...


Worldwide, neonatal mortality accounts for 41% of deaths occurring in children younger than 5 years. Among the causes described by the WHO, sepsis corresponds to the third most common cause of death, after prematurity and perinatal asphyxia. Candida sp is one of the etiologic agents which generate high morbidity and mortality, as well as, long-term neurologic sequelae predominantly in low birth-weight preterm infants. These patients have particular immunological features, require invasive procedures and greater survival in prolonged hospital stays, which become predisposing risk factors for the development of systemic candidiasis. Due to the impact of this condition it is important to count with a comprehensive diagnostic approach which reduces morbidity and mortality improving vital and functional prognosis. Various medical guidelines and protocols seeking candida infection management optimization have been recently developed, thus, it is essential to describe the best current recommendations to address, diagnose and treat neonatal candidiasis...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Candida , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Candidiasis/diagnosis , Infections/classification
7.
Salvador; s.n; 2014. 110 p. ilus, map, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000907

ABSTRACT

No município de Camaçari, considerado área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral (LV), foi realizado estudo objetivando determinar a influência das variáveis climáticas sobre a flutuação mensal da população flebotomínica e a taxa de infecção natural desses flebotomíneos por Leishmania infantum. Para o levantamento entomológico foram realizadas capturas sistemáticas de flebotomíneos utilizando armadilhas tipo HP, tanto no peri como no intradomicílio. As residências foram selecionadas em bairros pertencentes a zona urbana orla e zona urbana sede, onde casos humanos de LV no foram registrados município. As capturas foram realizadas entre dezembro de 2011 e novembro de 2012. A relação entre pluviosidade, umidade relativa do ar e temperatura e a proporção de flebotomíneos foi calculada utilizando o coeficiente de Spearman. Para o estudo da infecção natural dos flebotomíneos foi utilizada a técnica de qPCR. Os pools avaliados foram compostos por flebotomíneos da mesma espécie, distribuídos pelas residências, ás quais foram investigadas no intra e peridomicilio. Além disso, os pools foram distribuídos de acordo com os 12 meses de coleta. Os resultados mostraram que a fauna flebotomínica é diversificada, sendo composta por quatro gêneros com ocorrência de cinco espécies. Espécimes de interesse epidemiológico foram encontrados com predominância para a espécie Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis (98,4%). Foi observada correlação positiva entre a densidade de flebotomíneos e a variável pluviosidade na zona urbana sede durante o período de coleta (r = 0,66, p <0,02). A correlação entre as variáveis bioclimáticas e a densidade dos flebotomíneos também foi avaliada em bairros que se destacaram individualmente pela densidade de flebotomíneos, sendo encontrado correlação positiva para a variável umidade relativa do ar (r = 0,58 p <0,04)...


In Camaçari city, considered an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the study was conducted aiming to determine the climatic variables influence on the sandflies monthly fluctuation and the natural infection rates by Leishmania infantum in the sandflies. The entomological inventory was performed with sandflies systematic captures using HP traps, both in peridomiciliar well as in intradomiciliar. The residences were selected in districts belonging to the coastline urban zone and headquarters urban zone, where human cases of VL were recorded in the city. Captures were performed between December 2011 and November 2012. The correlation between the number of sandflies and the different climatic variables was calculated using Spearman's coefficient. The sandfly natural infection was evaluated by qPCR technique. Pools reviews were composed by sand flies of the same species, distributed among households, which were investigated in peridomiciliare and intradomiciliare. Additionally, pools were distributed according to the 12-month sampling. The results showed that the phlebotomine fauna is diverse, consisting of four genera and five species. Specimens of epidemiological interest were found predominantly for Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis (98.4%). In addition, a positive correlation between sandfly density and pluviosity at headquarters urban zone was observed during the collection period. (r = 0.66, p <0.02). The correlation between bioclimatic variables and density of sandflies was also evaluated in neighborhoods that stood out individually by the sandfly density. A positive correlation was observed for the variable relative humidity during the collection period (r = 0.58 p <0.04)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infections/classification , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/epidemiology , Infections/transmission , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/prevention & control , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Psychodidae/growth & development , Psychodidae/parasitology
8.
Rev. saúde pública ; Rev. saúde pública;47(6): 1172-1185, dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-702739

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE : To analyze studies that evaluated the role of infections as well as indirect measures of exposure to infection in the risk of childhood leukemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia. METHODS : A search in Medline, Lilacs, and SciELO scientific publication databases initially using the descriptors “childhood leukemia” and “infection” and later searching for the words “childhood leukemia” and “maternal infection or disease” or “breastfeeding” or “daycare attendance” or “vaccination” resulted in 62 publications that met the following inclusion criteria: subject aged ≤ 15 years; specific analysis of cases diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or total leukemia; exposure assessment of mothers’ or infants’ to infections (or proxy of infection), and risk of leukemia. RESULTS : Overall, 23 studies that assessed infections in children support the hypothesis that occurrence of infection during early childhood reduces the risk of leukemia, but there are disagreements within and between studies. The evaluation of exposure to infection by indirect measures showed evidence of reduced risk of leukemia associated mainly with daycare attendance. More than 50.0% of the 16 studies that assessed maternal exposure to infection observed increased risk of leukemia associated with episodes of influenza, pneumonia, chickenpox, herpes zoster, lower genital tract infection, skin disease, sexually transmitted diseases, Epstein-Barr virus, and Helicobacter pylori . CONCLUSIONS : Although no specific infectious agent has been identified, scientific evidence suggests that exposure to infections has some effect on childhood leukemia etiology. .


OBJETIVO : Analisar estudos que avaliaram o papel de infecções e de medidas indiretas de exposição às infecções no risco de leucemia infantil, principalmente da leucemia linfocítica aguda. MÉTODOS : A busca nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs e SciELO utilizando-se inicialmente os descritores “leucemia infantil” e “infecção” e, posteriormente, pesquisando-se as palavras “leucemia infantil” e “infecção ou doença materna” ou “aleitamento materno” ou “frequência à creche” ou “vacinação” recuperou 62 publicações que atenderam aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: amostra composta por sujeitos com idade inferior ou igual a 15 anos; análise específica de casos diagnosticados com leucemia linfocítica aguda ou todas as leucemias; avaliação de exposição materna ou infantil a infecções (ou medidas indiretas de exposição à infecção) e risco de leucemia. RESULTADOS : Globalmente, os 23 estudos que avaliaram infecções nas crianças suportam a hipótese de que a ocorrência de infecções no início da infância reduz o risco de leucemia, mas existem discordâncias intra e entre estudos. A avaliação por meio das medidas indiretas de exposição à infecção mostrou evidências de redução do risco de leucemia associado principalmente com frequência à creche. Mais de 50,0% dos 16 estudos que avaliaram exposição materna à infecção observaram aumento do risco de leucemia associado com episódios de gripe, pneumonia, varicela, herpes zoster, infecção do trato genital inferior, doença de pele, doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, vírus Epstein-Barr ...


OBJETIVO : Analizar estudios que evaluaron el papel de infecciones y de medidas indirectas de exposición a las infecciones en el riesgo de leucemia infantil, principalmente de la leucemia linfocítica aguda. MÉTODOS : Se realizó búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline, LILACS y SciELO utilizándose inicialmente los descriptores “leucemia infantil” e “infección” y, posteriormente, investigándose las palabras “leucemia infantil” e “infección o enfermedad materna” o “lactancia materna” o “frecuencia en guardería” o “vacunación” recuperó 62 publicaciones que atendieron los siguientes criterios de inclusión: muestra compuesta por individuos con edad inferior o igual a 15 años; análisis específica de casos diagnosticados con leucemia linfocítica aguda o todas las leucemias; evaluación de exposición materna o infantil a infecciones (o medidas indirectas de exposición a la infección) y riesgo de leucemia. RESULTADOS : Globalmente, los 23 estudios que evaluaron infecciones en los niños soportan la hipótesis de que la ocurrencia de infecciones en el inicio de la infancia reduce el riesgo de leucemia, pero existen discordancias intra y entre estudios. La evaluación por medio de las medidas indirectas de exposición a la infección mostró evidencias de reducción de riesgo de leucemia asociado principalmente con frecuencia a la guardería. Más de 50% de los 16 estudios que evaluaron exposición materna a la infección observaron aumento de riesgo de leucemia asociado con episodios de gripe, neumonía, varicela, herpes zoster, infección del tracto genital inferior, enfermedad de la piel, enfermedades sexualmente transmisibles, virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) y Helicobacter pylori. CONCLUSIONES : A pesar ...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Infections/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/etiology , Brazil , Breast Feeding , Infections/classification , Infections/epidemiology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/prevention & control , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Risk Factors
9.
Diagn. tratamento ; 18(2)jun. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-677904

ABSTRACT

Um sentimento instintivo de que a avaliação clínica objetiva de uma criança doente está ocultando uma infecção de maior gravidade geralmente identifica infecções graves em excesso. Em alguns casos, porém, essa sensação é acertada. Nesse estudo, a preocupação não usual dos pais e a presença de sintomas inespecíficos na criança (como sonolência, respiração anormal, perda de peso e convulsões) estiveram associadas à intuição dos médicos quanto à presença de uma doença mais grave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child , Intuition , Infections/classification , Infections/etiology
10.
Radiol. bras ; Radiol. bras;43(5): 330-335, set.-out. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-568004

ABSTRACT

A fístula perianal é uma condição incomum com tendência a recorrência, que usualmente é decorrente de infecção prévia não observada à cirurgia. A ressonância magnética mostra com acurácia a anatomia da região e a relação da fístula com o diafragma pélvico e a fossa isquiorretal, classificando-a em cinco tipos. A ressonância magnética é superior a qualquer outra modalidade para a detecção de focos infecciosos na região perianal, incluindo a exploração cirúrgica. Tem a capacidade de guiar o procedimento cirúrgico, reduzindo a taxa de recorrência em 75 por cento em pacientes com doença complexa.


Fistula in ano is an uncommon condition that has a tendency to recur despite seemingly appropriate surgery. Recurrent fistula in ano is usually caused by infection that was missed during surgical exploration. Magnetic resonance imaging has been shown to accurately demonstrate the anatomy of the perianal region as well as the fistula's relationship with the pelvic diaphragm and ischiorectal fossa, allowing the classification of fistulas into five types. Magnetic resonance imaging depicts infectious foci in the perianal region better than any other investigation modality, including surgical exploration. Magnetic resonance image-guided surgery helps to reduce postoperative recurrence by 75 percent in patients with complex disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Abscess , Abscess/etiology , Rectal Fistula/complications , Rectal Fistula/diagnosis , Fistula/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Infections/etiology , Staphylococcal Infections , Abscess/classification , Anal Canal/physiopathology , Infections/classification , Infections/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11.
Benha Medical Journal. 2008; 25 (1): 461-475
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-105911

ABSTRACT

Splenectomy, is a procedure that has significantly decreased in frequency as the understanding of its complications increase. Susceptibility to infection is the best-defined and most widely understood complication of splenectomy. The aim was to study the impact of splenectomy on the patients susceptibility to infections, and its effect on morbidity and mortality statistics of patients admitted to fever hospitals. The study included 506 patients admitted to fever hospital and they divided according to history of splenectomy into group 1 of 432 patients with no history of splenectomy and group II of 74 patients with history of splenectomy. The cause and duration of splenectomy, hospital stay, the type and duration of antibiotic prescribed in hospital the diagnosis and the outcome at discharge were the main history items. Chronic liver disease [CLD] was the main cause of splenectomy followed by trauma and Thalassemia 67%, 20% and 12% respectively. No significant difference in blood culture between the 2 group but capsulated organism were more in group II. Respiratory tract infection was the main cause of admission in both groups with a high incidence of respiratory, urinary tract infection, meningitis and pyrexia of unknown origin in group II. Quinolones, Penicillin and Cephalosporins were the commonly used groups of antibiotics with statistical difference in group 2 than group 1. Prolonged hospital stay in group II with high statistical difference than group I [14.07 +/- 8.68 versus 4.57 +/- 3.29] [P<0.001]. The improved outcome were significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 and the not improved outcome [frequent admission, escape from hospital and university hospital referral] were higher in group 2 than group 1 and it correlate with duration of splenectomy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infections/classification , Respiratory Tract Infections/therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/therapy , Meningitis/therapy , Treatment Outcome
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-90707

ABSTRACT

As we approach the 21st century, there is an increasing worldwide awareness and threat regarding the use of biological warfare agents both for war and terrorist attack. Biological agents include microorganisms or biological toxins that are used to produce death in humans, animals and plants. They are characterized by low visibility, high potency, substantial accessibility and relatively easy delivery. Biological warfare agents are unconventional weapons that can be delivered by unconventional means like aerosol sprays, food and water contamination, conventional explosive munitions or by covert injections. Because of their concealed delivery, easy transportation and difficult identification they are readily adaptable for terrorist operations or to gain political advantages. The detection of such attack requires recognition of the clinical syndromes associated with various biological warfare agents. Diagnosis can be made on clinical grounds and on investigations. Protective measures can be taken against biological warfare agents. These should be implemented early (if warning is received) or later (once suspicion of agent use is made). After the confirmation of diagnosis emergency medical treatment and decontamination are performed in rapid sequence. Patients are then evacuated and specific therapy is given according to the agent involved. Appropriate emergency department and hospital response could significantly limit the morbidity and mortality of biological warfare agents.


Subject(s)
Biological Warfare/classification , Bioterrorism/prevention & control , Decontamination , Diagnosis , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Environmental Monitoring , Humans , India , Infections/classification , Triage
14.
Brasília méd ; 41(1/4): 33-37, 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-430549

ABSTRACT

Os orientadores de foco cirúrgico (OFC), acessórios instalados em alguns focos cirúrgicos no início das operações e manipulados pela equipe cirúrgica com o objetivo de dirigir a iluminação para o campo operatório, têm sido pouco estudados no que concerne a sua contaminação trans-operatória. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a possível ocorrência de contaminação trans-operatória dos OFC e identificar os germes responsáveis. MÉTODO: Foram analisados 101 OFC, em 60 operações consecutivas, distribuídas em dois grupos: (a) grupo de estudo, 84 OFC de 43 operações limpas, potencialmente contaminadas ou contaminadas; foram registradas a duração e respectivas especialidades dos cirurgiões responsáveis pelas mesmas; (b) grupo controle, 17 OFC de 17 operações vídeo-laparoscópicas, nas quais os OFC não eram manipulados, mas mantidos no mesmo ambiente e durante tempo médio semelhante ao do grupo de estudo, para avaliar contaminação procedente de fontes externas. Ao término das operações os OFC foram recolhidos de maneira asséptica e obtidas três amostras de cada um deles, através de swabs embebidos em água peptonada. Cada amostra era semeada em um dos seguintes meios de cultura: tioglicolato, água peptonada e Casoy. Os resultados foram analisados do ponto vista estatístico considerando-se significantes os valores de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Não houve contaminação de nenhum OFC no grupo controle e houve contaminação de pelo menos um dos OFC em 22 (51,2 por cento) operações do grupo de estudo. A porcentagem de contaminação dos OFC aumentou à medida que aumentou o potencial de contaminação das operações (p=0,0036) e com o aumento do tempo de duração das operações (p=0,0017). O germe mais comumente isolado foi o Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo em 23 de 26 OFC, 84,6 por cento dos casos de contaminação. CONCLUSÃO: Os OFC podem representar importantes fontes de contaminação, especialmente ao iniciar-se a síntese da ferida operatória, assim nesta fase do procedimento, recomenda-se a troca de luvas por parte dos membros da equipe cirúrgica e a não manipulação dos OFC.


Subject(s)
Operating Rooms , General Surgery , Equipment and Supplies, Hospital , Lighting/instrumentation , Surgical Wound Infection , Infections/classification
15.
Kasr El-Aini Medical Journal. 2003; 9 (5): 211-214
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-124126

ABSTRACT

This is a retrospective analysis of 32 cases of deep auricular infections encountered by a single author over a 15-year period. Deep auricular infections were clinically classified into lobular abscess, subcutaneous abscess, infected subperichondrial haematoma, perichondritis, and chondritis. This classification allows for a more rational preventive and therapeutic protocol. The issues of subperichondrial haematoma management, prevention of infection in the auricle following mastoid surgery, and burns of the auricle are reviewed


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infections/microbiology , Infections/classification , Infections/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies
18.
RBM rev. bras. med ; RBM rev. bras. med;58(n.esp): 89-: 92-: 94-: passim-90, 92, 96, dez. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-317006

ABSTRACT

A ITU é um dos problemas mais freqüêntes na prática médica, sendo responsável por morbidez e custos consideráveis. A maioria das ITU em homens é considerada complicada, visto que grande parte delas ocorre nos recém-natos, lactentes ou idosos, e estäo associadas a anormalidades urológicas. Em homens idosos as infecçöes säo mais freqüêntes devido ao aumento do volume prostático, que leve a uma obstruçäo infravesical.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Cephalosporins , Infections/classification , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/etiology , Infections/drug therapy , Infections/therapy , Bacteriuria , Cystitis , Prostatitis , Pyelonephritis
19.
Rev. Inst. Nac. Enfermedades Respir ; Rev. Inst. Nac. Enfermedades Respir;12(2): 101-6, abr.-jun. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-254658

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de infección viral y bacteriana en inflamación aguda de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica o asma. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron 140 pacientes; 46 con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y 94 con asma, todos con inflamación aguda del aparato respiratorio y edades entre 20 a 70 años y como grupo de control 80 pacientes con inflamación aguda por infección respiratoria aguda sin antecedentes de enfermedad pulmonar crónica o asma. Se tomo muestra de exudado nasofaringeo para el aislamiento viral y bacteriano y se dio seguimiento para ver la evolución. Resultados: El 49 por ciento de los pacientes del grupo de trabajo presentaron infección viral y 13 por ciento infección bacteriana, el virus más frecuente fue parainfluenza, los casos más severos se observaron en este grupo. En el grupo control, 55 por ciento presentó infección viral, el más frecuente fue parainfluenza. Conclusiones: Los virus son agentes importantes que pueden incrementar la inflamación aguda en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica o asma, generalmente son los mismos que infectan a personas sin daño previo, pero las infecciones pueden ser más severas cuando hay un daño del aparato respiratorio


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Asthma , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Infections/classification , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/physiopathology , Lung Diseases, Obstructive , Respiratory Tract Infections , Viruses/classification , Viruses/isolation & purification
20.
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