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1.
DST j. bras. doenças sex. transm ; 35jan. 31, 2023. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429009

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum bacterium, which impact on a significant increase in contagions reported worldwide, bringing up the need of urgent actions to ensure the control, treatment, and diagnosis of the disease. Objective: Given this context, this work presents a bibliographical review on syphilis, aiming to describe the most common oral manifestations that occur on the four stages of this infection. Methods: For the literature review, the searches were carried out in the PubMed, Science Direct, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and databases of Virtual Health Library. Results: Regarding the primary syphilis, the main clinical manifestations in the oral cavity include chancres in the palate, buccal mucosa, tongue, and lips. In the secondary stage, the presence of diffuse and nonspecific oral lesions was identified. In tertiary syphilis, stomatitis and glossitis are present, being the hard palate and the tongue the main affected regions. In congenital syphilis, the patients are affected with dental and jaw malformations. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of syphilis in the oral cavity can appear at any stage of the infection, being the oral cavity the second most affected region by this sexually transmitted infection. Therefore, the knowledge regarding this subject is extremely important for health professionals, as well as for the population, being essential to carry out the correct diagnosis and adequate treatment for the rapid cure of this infection (AU)


Introdução: A sífilis é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível oriunda da bactéria Treponema Pallidum, com transmissão através de relações sexuais sem o uso de preservativos ou por contato com lesões contaminadas. Nos últimos anos, diversos novos casos estão sendo reportados de forma alarmante, mostrando uma realidade dura sobre as dificuldades do diagnóstico da doença. Objetivo: Diante desse contexto, este trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a sífilis, com o objetivo de descrever as manifestações orais mais comuns nos quatros estágios possíveis da doença. Métodos: Para a revisão de literatura, realizou-se a busca dos artigos nas bases de pesquisas PubMed, Science Direct, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Resultados: Observou-se que, na sífilis primária, as principais manifestações clínicas na cavidade oral ocorrem com a presença de cancros no palato, na mucosa jugal, na língua e nos lábios. No estágio secundário, identificou-se a presença de lesões orais difusas e inespecíficas. Na sífilis terciária, podem ocorrer estomatites e glossites, sendo o palato duro e a língua as principais regiões acometidas. Na sífilis congênita, os possíveis sinais clínicos na cavidade oral são malformações dentárias e nos maxilares. Conclusões: As manifestações clínicas da sífilis na cavidade oral podem surgir em qualquer estágio da infecção, sendo a cavidade oral a segunda região com maior acometimento da infecção. Portanto, é de extrema importância o conhecimento das manifestações orais da sífilis pelos profissionais da área da saúde, bem como pela população, sendo fundamental o correto diagnóstico e tratamento rápido para a cura precoce da doença. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Syphilis/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Syphilis, Congenital/complications
2.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 37(87): 47-53, 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551163

ABSTRACT

La exposición a hipoxia es considerada un estímulo estresante, por lo que el organismo desarrolla meca-nismos de aclimatación para asegurar la homeosta-sis. Si bien el efecto de la hipoxia sobre los distintos sistemas de tejidos y órganos ha sido bien documen-tado, el rol de los bajos niveles de O2 en la cavidad oral no ha recibido el mismo análisis. En este trabajo se revisaron los datos bibliográficos disponibles sobre el efecto de la hipoxia sobre el tejido periodontal, las glándulas salivales, la pulpa dental y el hueso mandi-bular y alveolar. De lo analizado en la bibliografía, re-sulta evidente que los bajos niveles de O2 aumentan el número de mediadores inflamatorios que inducen la progresión de la enfermedad periodontal y, a su vez, la inflamación establecida durante dicha enfermedad agrava aún más las condiciones de hipoxia tisular. Las glándulas salivales también se encuentran afectadas durante la exposición a hipoxia, disminuyendo la can-tidad de saliva secretada, observándose alteraciones ultraestructurales en el parénquima glandular. Por otra parte, se ha establecido que la hipoxia puede te-ner efectos deseados para el cultivo de células madre de la pulpa dental, lo cual resulta útil en el campo de la odontología reparativa y también para el movimien-to dental durante los tratamientos ortodónticos. En conclusión, para determinar los efectos de la hipoxia en la cavidad oral se debe analizar no sólo el tipo de tejido involucrado sino también las condiciones de hi-poxia a las cuales éste es sometido, así también como la duración de la exposición y la modalidad de hipoxia (AU)


Exposure to hypoxia is considered a stressful stimulus, therefore the organism develops acclimation mechanisms to try to ensure homeostasis. Although the effect of hypoxia on different tissues and organs has been very well documented, the role of low levels of O2 in the oral cavity has not received the same analysis. In this review, we analyzed the available bibliographic data concerning the effects of hypoxia on periodontal tissue, salivary glands, and dental pulp. The published evidence demonstrates that low O2 levels increase the number of inflammatory mediators that induce the progression of periodontal disease, and, in turn, the inflammation established during the progression of periodontitis aggravates tissue hypoxia conditions. Salivary glands are also affected during hypoxic exposure, decreasing salivary secretion, and leading to ultrastructural alterations in the glandular parenchyma. On the other hand, hypoxia could also be beneficial in some scenarios. It has been established that dental pulp cells grow better in culture under hypoxic conditions than they do in normoxia. Furthermore, mild hypoxia seems to stimulate periodontal ligament cells proliferation and matrix degradation, key events during for orthodontic treatments. In conclusion, to determine the effects of hypoxia in the oral cavity, it is necessary to analyze not only the type of tissue involved but also the hypoxic conditions to which it is subjected, as well as its duration and modality (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypoxia/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Salivary Glands/pathology , Periodontium/pathology , Dental Pulp/pathology , Homeostasis , Mandible/pathology
3.
RFO UPF ; 26(1): 144-158, 20210327. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1435382

ABSTRACT

Objective: to review the literature on the relationship between oral health and bariatric surgery in obese individuals. Methods: articles published until March 2021 were searched in the Medline/PubMed, LILACS, BBO, and Web of Science databases. The search used a combination of descriptors related to the words: obesity, bariatric surgery, and oral health. Results: one hundred thirty-five studies were identified in the database search. Of these, 47 were included in this review. The oral changes investigated in the literature for individuals who underwent bariatric surgery were dental caries, tooth wear/erosion, hypersensitivity, periodontal disease, hyposalivation, halitosis, and changes in mastication and oral soft tissue. The evaluated articles showed methodological controversy regarding the study design, follow-up period, sample size, and assessed clinical parameters, which complicated the comparison of studies. Final considerations: there is no consensus in the literature regarding the relationship between oral health and bariatric surgery in obese individuals. Further prospective cohort studies should be conducted to investigate this association better.(AU)


Objetivo: revisar a literatura sobre a relação entre saúde bucal e cirurgia bariátrica em indivíduos obesos. Métodos: foi realizada uma busca de estudos publicados até março de 2021 nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed, LILACS, BBO e Web of Science. Foi utilizada uma combinação de descritores relacionada às palavras: obesidade, cirurgia bariátrica e saúde bucal. Resultados: foram identificados 135 estudos nas bases de dados pesquisadas. Desses, 47 estudos foram incluídos nesta revisão. As alterações bucais investigadas em indivíduos que realizaram cirurgia bariátrica apresentadas na literatura foram: cárie dentária, desgaste dentário/erosão dentária, hipersensibilidade, doença periodontal, hipossalivação, halitose, alterações da função mastigatória e alterações no tecido mole bucal. Os estudos avaliados mostraram controvérsia metodológica em relação a: tipo de desenho de estudo, tempo de seguimento, tamanho da amostra e parâmetros clínicos avaliados, fato que dificultou comparar os estudos. Considerações finais: não há consenso na literatura sobre a relação entre saúde bucal e cirurgia bariátrica em indivíduos obesos. Mais estudos de coorte prospectivos devem ser realizados para estudar melhor essa associação.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Oral Health , Bariatric Surgery , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Obesity/surgery , Obesity/complications , Tooth Wear/etiology , Halitosis/etiology
5.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 14(4): 555-560, dic. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134537

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El 8 de enero de 2020, el Centro Chino para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades anunció oficialmente la identificación de una nueva cepa de coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) como el patógeno causante de la pandemia mundial de COVID-19. Las principales manifestaciones clínicas producidas por SARS-CoV-2 se encuentran ampliamente descritas en la literatura, sin embargo, la información acerca de las alteraciones que podrían producirse a nivel oral, es escasa. Se ha sugerido que la cavidad oral es un perfecto hábitat para la invasión por SARS-CoV-2 debido a la especial afinidad que tiene el virus por células con los receptores para la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA2) como son las del tracto respiratorio, mucosa oral, lengua y glándulas salivales, pudiendo afectar, de este modo, el funcionamiento de las glándulas salivales, las sensaciones del gusto, olfato y la integridad de la mucosa oral. El nuevo coronavirus tendría la capacidad de alterar el equilibrio de la microbiota oral, lo que sumado a un sistema inmune deprimido permitiría la colonización por infecciones oportunista. Se ha establecido que un correcto higiene oral podría disminuir la incidencia y gravedad de las principales complicaciones del COVID-19. El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión y análisis de la evidencia disponible en relación a las manifestaciones orales a nivel de las mucosas, trastornos de las glándulas salivales y alteraciones en el sistema olfatorio y gustativo en el contexto de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.


ABSTRACT: On January 8, 2020, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention officially reported the identification of a new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) as the pathogen causing the global COVID-19 pandemic. The main clinical manifestations produced by SARS-CoV-2 are well described in the literature. However, the information about oral manifestations is limited. It has been suggested that the oral cavity is a perfect habitat for SARS-CoV-2 invasion due to the special affinity that the virus has for cells with the receptors for the converted angiotensin enzyme (ACE2), present in the respiratory tract, oral mucosal, tongue and salivary glands, thus being able to affect the functioning of the salivary glands, sensations of taste, smell and integrity of the oral mucosa. The new coronavirus could have the ability to alter the balance of the oral microbiota, which added to a depressed immune system would allow opportunistic infections colonization. It has been established that correct oral hygiene could decrease the incidence and severity of the main complications of COVID-19. The objective of this study is to review and analyze the available evidence in relation to oral manifestations at the mucosa, salivary glands disorders and olfactory and gustatory alterations in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Oral Health/standards , Betacoronavirus
6.
RFO UPF ; 25(3): 384-390, 20201231. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1357818

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de alternativas didáticas, como a mídia audiovisual, na transmissão de informações sobre os efeitos adversos orais do tratamento oncológico em pacientes com câncer. Métodos: pacientes oncológicos foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo controle (n = 40) e grupo audiovisual (n = 36). O grupo controle recebeu informações verbais sobre os efeitos colaterais orais do tratamento do câncer. Por outro lado, o grupo audiovisual recebeu a mesma informação verbal, juntamente com uma apresentação ilustrativa de mídia audiovisual. Além disso, foram aplicados questionários sobre o assunto antes e após a intervenção da equipe odontológica. Resultados: o presente estudo empregou o teste exato de Fisher para análise estatística, e os resultados mostraram similaridade estatística entre os dois grupos (P > 0,05). Ambas as abordagens educacionais alcançaram o objetivo pretendido. Conclusão: um diálogo bem conduzido pode criar uma compreensão adequada entre pacientes com câncer, melhorando a sua adaptação. Opcionalmente, o uso de técnicas inovadoras, como recursos audiovisuais, pode ser uma alternativa acessível e eficiente, que também pode ser usada na educação desses pacientes. Dessa forma, vídeos educacionais podem ser usados para melhorar a compreensão dos pacientes, a adesão a esquemas terapêuticos e a qualidade de vida, além de contribuir para um melhor prognóstico.(AU)


Objective: the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of didactic alternatives, namely the audiovisual media, in conveying information regarding the oral adverse effects of oncology treatment in cancer patients. Methods: cancer patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 40) and audiovisual group (n = 36). The control group received verbal information regarding the oral side effects of cancer treatment. Conversely, the audiovisual group received the same verbal information, along with an illustrative audiovisual media presentation. Additionally, questionnaires on the subject were administered before and after the intervention by the dental team. Results: the current study employed Fisher's exact test for statistical analysis, and the results showed statistical similarity between the two groups (P > 0.05). Both educational approaches achieved the intended objective. Conclusion: a well-conducted dialogue can create adequate awareness among cancer patients and improve adaptation. Optionally, the use of innovative techniques, such as audiovisual resources, was observed to be an accessible and efficient alternative that can also be used in patient education. Therefore, educational videos can be used to improve patients' understanding, adherence to therapeutic regimens, and quality of life and contribute to a better prognosis.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Audiovisual Aids/statistics & numerical data , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Antineoplastic Protocols , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Oral Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Patient Compliance , Mouth Diseases/etiology
7.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 34: e120, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1132685

ABSTRACT

Abstract With the onset of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the dental treatment of patients at risk of infection has become quite challenging. In view of this, patients with head and neck cancer may present with oral complications due to anticancer therapy, making dental assistance necessary. Thus, the objective of the study was to review the literature and critically discuss important concerns about the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. Because dental professionals are in close contact with the main viral transmission routes, this study presents recommendations for management and protection during clinical dental care. The main characteristics and transmission routes of COVID-19 are also discussed. Dental professionals should control pain and the side effects of antineoplastic treatment and use preventive measures for infection control. During this pandemic, patients with head and neck cancer should not undergo elective procedures, even if they do not have symptoms or a history of COVID-19; therefore, in asymptomatic or painless cases, only preventive actions are recommended. In symptomatic or painful cases, precautions for safe interventional treatments must be implemented by following the hygiene measures recommended by health agencies and using personal protective equipment. During health crises, new protocols emerge for cancer treatment, and professionals must act with greater attention toward biosafety and updated knowledge. It is important to offer adequate individualized treatment based on the recommendations of preventative and interventional treatments so that patients can face this difficult period with optimized quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral , Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Mouth Diseases/therapy , Quality of Life , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Mouth Diseases/etiology
8.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 85(4): 399-407, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019582

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Reactive hyperplastic lesions develop in response to a chronic injury simulating an exuberant tissue repair response. They represent some of the most common oral lesions including inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, oral pyogenic granuloma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell lesions. Objective The incidence of those lesions was investigated in an oral pathology service, and the clinical characteristics, associated etiological factors, concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was determined. Methods A total of 2400 patient records were screened from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features were recorded from biopsy reports and patients' files. Results A total of 534 cases of reactive hyperplastic lesions were retrieved and retrospectively studied, representing 22.25% of all diagnoses. The most frequent lesion was inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (72.09%), followed by oral pyogenic granuloma (11.79%), giant cell fibroma (7.30%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (5.24%), and peripheral giant cell lesions (3.55%). Females were predominantly affected (74.19%), the gingiva and alveolar ridge were the predominant anatomical site (32.89%), and chronic traumatism was presented as the main etiological factor. The age widely ranges from the 1st decade of life to the 7th. Clinically, the reactive hyperplastic lesions consisted of small lesions (0.5-2 cm) and shared a strong likeness in color to the oral mucosa. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was high (82.5%). Conclusion Reactive hyperplastic lesions had a high incidence among oral pathologies. The understanding of their clinical features helps to achieve a clearer clinical and etiological diagnosis, and the knowledge of factors related to their development. This may contribute to adequate treatment and positive prognosis.


Resumo Introdução As lesões hiperplásicas reativas se desenvolvem em resposta a uma lesão crônica que estimula uma resposta acentuada de reparo tecidual. Elas representam uma das lesões orais mais comuns, inclusive hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, granuloma piogênico oral, fibroma de células gigantes, fibroma periférico ossificante e lesão periférica de células gigantes. Objetivo A incidência dessas lesões foi investigada em um serviço de patologia bucal e as características clínicas, os fatores etiológicos associados e a concordância entre os diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico foram determinados. Método Foram selecionados 2.400 registros de pacientes entre 2006 e 2016. As características clínicas foram registradas a partir de laudos de biópsia e dos prontuários dos pacientes. Resultados Um total de 534 casos de lesões hiperplásicas reativas foram recuperados e retrospectivamente estudados, representando 22,25% de todos os diagnósticos. A lesão mais frequente foi hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (72,09%), seguida por granuloma piogênico oral (11,79%), fibroma de células gigantes, (7,30%), fibroma periférico ossificante (5,24%) e lesão periférica de células gigantes (3,55%). O sexo feminino foi predominante (74,19%), a gengiva e a crista alveolar foram o local anatômico predominante (32,89%) e o traumatismo crônico foi demonstrado como o principal fator etiológico. A idade variou desde a 1ª década de vida até a 7ª. Clinicamente, as LHR consistiram em pequenas lesões (0,5 a 2 cm) que apresentaram uma forte semelhança de cor com a mucosa oral. A concordância entre o diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico foi alta (82,5%). Conclusão As lesões hiperplásicas reativas apresentaram alta incidência entre as patologias bucais. A compreensão das características clínicas ajuda na realização de um diagnóstico clínico e etiológico mais claro, bem como determinar os fatores relacionados ao seu desenvolvimento. Dessa forma contribui para um tratamento adequado e um prognóstico positivo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Hyperplasia/pathology , Mouth/pathology , Mouth Diseases/pathology , Giant Cells/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Granuloma, Pyogenic/congenital , Granuloma, Pyogenic/pathology , Fibroma, Ossifying/etiology , Fibroma, Ossifying/pathology , Fibroma/etiology , Fibroma/pathology , Hyperplasia/classification , Hyperplasia/etiology , Mouth Diseases/classification , Mouth Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology
9.
RFO UPF ; 24(2): 211-219, maio/ago. 2 2019.
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1049380

ABSTRACT

The oral hygiene of individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) is markedly impaired by difficulties in toothbrushing due to motor impairment and tremors. Additionally, it appears that other features associated with PD have an impact on the quality of oral health. Objective: this cross-sectional observational study characterized the oral health condition of individuals with PD. Methods: fifty individuals with PD, aged 53 to 94 years, users of medication for such condition were examined. The research participants had their oral cavities examined to assess prosthetic use and need; index of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT); Community Periodontal Index (CPI); Periodontal Attachment Loss (PAL); and oral mucosa. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to obtain personal data, general health, and oral health. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: a high prosthetic use was observed in the upper arch (92%), while the lower arch revealed high prosthetic need (66%). The DMFT index showed a high number of missing teeth, CPI showed a prevalence of 43% of dental calculus, and PAL revealed 28% of attachment loss of 4-5 mm. The most frequent findings in the assessment of oral mucosa were denture stomatitis and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia. Conclusion: PD patients refer xerostomia and present high number of missing teeth, a minority of healthy teeth, and oral lesions, representing a target population for specialized oral health care. (AU)


A higiene bucal de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson (DP) é claramente prejudicada por dificuldades na escovação devido ao comprometimento motor e aos tremores. Além disso, outros aspectos relacionados à doença parecem impactar a qualidade da saúde bucal. Objetivo: este estudo observacional seccional caracterizou a condição de saúde bucal de indivíduos com DP. Métodos: foram examinados cinquenta indivíduos com DP, com idades variando entre 53 e 94 anos, que utilizavam medicamentos para DP. Os participantes da pesquisa foram submetidos a exame bucal para avaliar: uso e necessidade de prótese, índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPOD), Índice Periodontal Comunitário (IPC), Índice de Perda de Inserção Periodontal (PIP) e mucosa bucal. Além disso, foi aplicado um questionário para obtenção de dados pessoais e sobre saúde geral e saúde bucal. Os dados foram analisados usando estatística descritiva. Resultados: observou-se alto percentual de uso de prótese superior (92%), enquanto o arco inferior apresentou elevada necessidade de prótese (66%). O CPOD revelou um alto número de dentes perdidos; o IPC apresentou prevalência de 43% de cálculo dentário; e o PIP revelou 28% de perda de inserção de 4-5 mm. Os achados mais frequentes na avaliação da mucosa bucal foram estomatite por dentadura e hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória. Conclusão: os indivíduos com DP mencionam xerostomia, apresentam alto número de dentes faltantes, um número reduzido de dentes saudáveis e lesões bucais, representando uma população-alvo para o cuidado de saúde bucal especializado. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Dental Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Oral Health/statistics & numerical data , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data , Parkinson Disease/complications , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Prosthesis/statistics & numerical data , Periodontal Attachment Loss/epidemiology , Mouth Diseases/etiology
10.
RFO UPF ; 24(3): 369-377, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1357669

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o Diabetes Mellitus (DM) atinge cerca de 425 milhões de pessoas no mundo. A cavidade oral pode se tornar susceptível ao surgimento de inúmeras alterações decorrentes do DM como xerostomia, infecções, queilites, alterações gengivais e periodontais. Objetivo: determinar a prevalência de alterações da cavidade oral em pacientes com DM. Material e Método: A amostra foi composta por 118 indivíduos com DM atendidos nas unidades básicas de saúde da família. As características clínicas dos pacientes foram analisadas com auxílio de espátula e iluminação artificial e registradas em um formulário previamente elaborado. Para a análise estatística foi considerado o valor de p<0,05 como significativo. Resultados: da amostra, 38 (32,2%) indivíduos eram do sexo masculino e 80 (67,8%) do sexo feminino, sendo a média de idade de 63,6 anos. O tipo 2 de DM foi o mais frequente (n=109/92,4%). Observou-se alta prevalência de alterações orais, destacando-se: a xerostomia, que exibiu associação com o uso de medicamentos (p=0,049) e a doença periodontal mais frequente em indivíduos com ≤ 60 anos (p<0,0001). A maioria dos indivíduos que fazia uso de hipoglicemiantes orais não apresentou a doença (77,8%; p=0,035). As lesões potencialmente malignas estiveram associadas com o sexo masculino (65,2%; p<0,0001) e com indivíduos de idade acima de 60 anos (82,6%; p<0,015). Conclusão: os indivíduos com DM apresentaram alta prevalência de alterações orais, destacando-se a xerostomia, doença periodontal e alterações potencialmente malignas sugerindo que o diabetes pode influenciar o desenvolvimento e/ou agravamento das doenças orais.(AU)


Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affects about 425 million people worldwide. The oral cavity may become susceptible to the emergence of numerous changes from DM, such as xerostomia, infections, cheilitis, and gingival and periodontal changes. Objective: To determine the prevalence of oral cavity changes in patients with DM. Material and Method: The sample consisted of 118 individuals with DM assisted at basic family health units. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed using an oral spatula and artificial lighting, and they were recorded on a form previously prepared. For the statistical analysis, the value of p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: From the sample, 38 (32.2%) individuals were men and 80 (67.8%) were women, with an average age of 63.6 years. Type 2 DM was the most frequent (n = 109 / 92.4%). There was a high prevalence of oral changes, namely xerostomia, which showed association with medication use (p = 0.049) and a higher frequency of periodontal disease in individuals aged ≤ 60 years (p <0.0001). Most of the individuals who used oral hypoglycemic agents did not present the disease (77.8%; p = 0.035). Potentially malignant lesions were associated with the male sex (65.2%, p <0.0001) and individuals over 60 years old (82.6%, p <0.015). Conclusion: Individuals with DM presented a high prevalence of oral changes, especially xerostomia, periodontal disease, and potentially malignant changes, suggesting that diabetes may affect the development and/or aggravation of oral diseases.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diabetes Complications/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontal Diseases/ethnology , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Xerostomia/etiology , Xerostomia/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Health Centers , Dental Health Surveys , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 34(77): 43-47, 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1104212

ABSTRACT

En un estudio (Grasan, Sebelli, Anchava, Ferrari, y Biondi, 2016) se observó que niños con Fibrosis Quística (FQ) atendidos en un hospital revelaron menor patología dental comparados con pacientes sanos que concurrían a la Cátedra (FOUBA), siendo necesarios estudios comparativos con niños sin demanda de atención. Objetivo: determinar el estado bucal de pacientes pediátricos que concurren al Hospital Garrahan con diagnóstico de FQ y compararlos con niños sanos sin demanda de atención de la misma edad y sexo que concurren a una escuela pública del partido de Merlo, Buenos Aires. Método: Se empleó un diseño observacional, casos-control, en niños entre 3 y 16 años concurrentes Hospital (GFQ) y un grupo control de niños de la escuela (GS). A través de planillas se registraron datos personales, CPOD, CPOS, ceod, ceos, Indice de placa Silness y Loe, Hemorragia simplificado, Gingival Loe y Silness e Hipomineralización molar incisiva (HMI). Para la estimación de la prevalencia y otras variables cualitativas se calcularon las medias y desvíos estándar y Chi-cuadrado para las comparaciones. Resultados: cada grupo quedó conformado por 19 niños de 9+-6 años, 47% sexo femenino. Al comparar ambos grupos no se hallaron diferencias significativas en CPOD (p=0,236), CPOS (p=0,537), ceos (p=1,000), Indice de placa Silness y Loe (0,172) y Hemorragia simplificado (p=1,000) y HMI (p=0,001). Conclusiones: se concluye que los niños con FQ de la zona objeto del estudio, desde la muestra de 19 niños, no presentan diferencias en la salud bucal (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Oral Health , Dental Care for Children , Cystic Fibrosis , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Argentina , School Dentistry , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Periodontal Index , DMF Index , Prospective Studies , Dental Care for Chronically Ill , Dental Caries/etiology , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/etiology , Age and Sex Distribution , Observational Study , Hospitals, Pediatric
13.
J. bras. nefrol ; 40(1): 82-85, Jan.-Mar. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893812

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Chronic renal patients are more susceptible to hospital complications and infections such as urinary tract infections, peritonitis, surgery infections, and bacteremia, which are often caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A case of a HIV-positive girl with chronic kidney disease and with serious oral lesions due to P. aeruginosa septic shock is presented. The patient showed necrotic lesions in the oral mucosa, pathological tooth mobility, bone loss, and hematogenous osteomyelitis in the maxilla. The patient was submitted to systemic antibiotic therapy based on screening culture and treatment of bone lesions by eliminating the causal agent and restoring health conditions. This case report is extremely important for health professionals, since the oral cavity can be affected by this pathogen or serve as a colonization site.


RESUMO Pacientes renais crônicos são mais suscetíveis a complicações e infecções hospitalares, tais como infecções do trato urinário, peritonite, infecções cirúrgicas e bacteremia, muitas vezes causadas por Pseudomonas aeruginosa. O presente relato apresenta o caso de uma menina HIV-positiva com doença renal crônica e lesões orais graves devido a choque séptico por P. aeruginosa. A paciente apresentava lesões necróticas na mucosa oral, mobilidade dentária patológica, perda óssea e osteomielite hematogênica maxilar. A paciente foi submetida a antibioticoterapia sistêmica com base na cultura de triagem e tratamento das lesões ósseas por meio da eliminação do agente causal e restauração das condições de saúde. Este relato de caso é extremamente importante para os profissionais da saúde, uma vez que a cavidade oral pode ser afetada por este patógeno ou servir como local de colonização.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Pseudomonas Infections/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Mouth Diseases/microbiology
14.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 115-122, Jan. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890487

ABSTRACT

Resumo Esta revisão integrativa da literatura tem por objetivo identificar as principais lesões bucais que afetam pacientes pediátricos com HIV, bem como descrever o efeito da terapia antirretroviral altamente ativa (HAART) sobre essas lesões, comparando-a com a terapia antirretroviral (ART). Foi feita uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo, seguindo critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-determinados. Foram selecionados dezenove artigos científicos e extraídas as informações principais sobre prevalência e a frequência das manifestações bucais em pacientes pediátricos HIV positivos e o efeito da terapêutica aplicada. As lesões mais frequentes foram candidíase oral, gengivite, aumento das parótidas e eritema gengival linear. O uso da HAART mostrou diminuir a prevalência das manifestações bucais nos pacientes pediátricos com HIV e ser mais eficaz que a ART. Os achados deste estudo sugerem que a manifestação bucal mais frequente em pacientes pediátricos com HIV é a candidíase oral, seguida de alterações como gengivite e aumento das glândulas parótidas. O uso de HAART parece reduzir a prevalência dessas lesões orais, apresentando resultados mais eficazes que os da ART.


Abstract This integrative literature review aims to identify the main oral lesions affecting pediatric patients with HIV, and describe the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on these injuries, comparing it to antiretroviral therapy (ART). A search was conducted in PubMed and Scielo databases, following predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. 19 papers were selected and the main information on the prevalence and frequency of oral manifestations in HIV-positive pediatric patients and effect of therapy applied were extracted. The most frequent injuries were oral candidiasis, gingivitis, parotid gland enlargement and linear gingival erythema. The use of HAART shown to reduce the prevalence of oral manifestations in pediatric patients with HIV and be more effective than ART. The findings of this study suggest that the most frequent oral manifestation in HIV-infected children is oral candidiasis, followed by changes such as gingivitis and enlargement parotid glands. The use of HAART appears to reduce the prevalence of these oral lesions, showing more effective results than ART.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , HIV Infections/complications , Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Parotid Gland/pathology , Candidiasis, Oral/etiology , Candidiasis, Oral/prevention & control , Candidiasis, Oral/epidemiology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Prevalence , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/methods , Gingivitis/etiology , Gingivitis/prevention & control , Gingivitis/epidemiology , Mouth Diseases/prevention & control
15.
Bol. Hosp. Viña del Mar ; 73(3): 99-102, sept. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-948379

ABSTRACT

El Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad crónica autoinmune con múltiples manifestaciones clínicas, que pueden ir desde el decaimiento general con presencia de lesiones cutáneas, hasta un compromiso sistémico severo afectando diversos órganos. Como en otras enfermedades de este tipo, puede verse comprometida la mucosa oral presentando zonas eritematosas, erosiones y úlceras, como también lesiones blancas discoideas, manifestaciones que se observan más intensas cuanto más descompensado se halla el cuadro general. Se presenta el caso de una paciente joven con diagnóstico de LES desde hace tres años, portadora de lesiones faciales, labiales y gingivitis asociada a Biofilm bacteriano y otros factores locales contribuyentes. Es importante que los cirujano-dentistas estén atentos a las manifestaciones que el LES puede presentar en la boca, como una de sus primeras evidencias clínicas, y así contribuir a su diagnóstico oportuno, derivando al enfermo al médico especialista. De igual forma, es importante que el médico considere el tratamiento de las lesiones orales, que suelen afectar de forma importante la calidad de vida de estos enfermos.


Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic auto-immune disease with multiple clinical expressions varying from feeling generally run down with cutaneous lesions to severe systemic compromise affecting several organs. As with similar diseases there may be involvement of the oral mucosa, with areas of erythema, erosions and ulcers as well as white discoid lesions, all more pronounced with increasing disease severity. We present the case of a young girl diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus three years before who presented facial, lip and gingival lesions associated with bacterial biofilm and other contributing local factors. It is important that dental surgeons be aware of the possibility of finding systemic lupus erythematosus lesions in a patient´s mouth, it being one of the first signs of the disease, thereby helping to reach a timely diagnosis by referring the patient to a specialist. Similarly, the physician should consider treating oral lesions as these have an important effect on the patient´s quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Oral Ulcer/etiology
17.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 20(4): 393-398, July-Aug. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828123

ABSTRACT

Abstract Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis has three clinical stages and may present various oral manifestations, mainly at the secondary stage. The disease mimics other more common oral mucosa lesions, going undiagnosed and with no proper treatment. Despite the advancements in medicine toward prevention, diagnosis, and treatment syphilis remains a public health problem worldwide. In this sense, dental surgeons should be able to identify the most common manifestations of the disease in the oral cavity, pointing to the role of this professional in prevention and diagnosis. This study describes a case series of seven patients with secondary syphilis presenting different oral manifestations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Syphilis/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Physician's Role , Syphilis/diagnosis , Syphilis/prevention & control , Diagnosis, Differential , Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Mouth Diseases/diagnosis , Mouth Diseases/prevention & control
18.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794500

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de CREST se caracteriza por calcinosis, síndrome de Raynaud, dismotilidad esofágica, esclerodactilia y telangiectasia. Presenta signos y síntomas en el sistema estomatognático que merecen consideración en un tratamiento. El objetivo del presente artículo fue reportar las manifestaciones orales de un caso de síndrome de CREST y describir su tratamiento protésico realizado en el Departamento de Rehabilitación Oral de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se reporta una paciente mujer de 42 años, con diagnóstico de síndrome de CREST por su médico tratante, que acude a la facultad de odontología para un tratamiento restaurador. El manejo prostodóntico incluyó coronas, prótesis parcial fija metal-cerámicas y prótesis parcial removible. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten recomendar las alternativas restaurativas convencionales similares a las usadas en un paciente sin esta condición sistémica, pero manteniendo un control estricto.


The CREST syndrome is characterized by calcinosis, Raynaud's syndrome, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia. It has signs and symptoms in the stomatognathic system that deserve consideration in its treatment. The objective of this paper is to report the oral manifestations of a case of CREST syndrome and describe the prosthetic treatment performed in the Department of Oral Rehabilitation in the National University of Colombia. The case is presented of a patient female aged 42 years, diagnosed with CREST syndrome by the treating doctor. She came to the Faculty of Dentistry for restorative treatment. The prosthodontic management included metal-ceramic crowns, fixed partial denture, and removable partial denture. The results demonstrate that conventional restorative alternatives, similar to that used in a patient without this systemic condition, while maintaining strict control of it, can be recommended.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Dental Prosthesis , CREST Syndrome/complications , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Mouth Diseases/rehabilitation , Prosthodontics
19.
Rev. Círc. Argent. Odontol ; 73(222): 7-11, jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794298

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Down es un factor de riesgo no modificable para la enfermedad periodontal; los individuos con síndrome de Down tienen una mayor prevalencia y severidad de enfermedad periodontal que no puede ser explicada únicamente por una higiene bucal deficiente, y diversos estudios sugieren que esto se debe a cambios en su respuesta inmune y en la composición microbiológica de su biofilm. En este trabajo se hará una revisión de las siguiente anormalidades del sistema inmune que fueron encontradas: - defectos en la quimiotaxis de los neutrófilos - fagocitosis parcial de los leucocitos contra los estafilococos - distribución alterada de subclases de IgG en saliva - aumentados niveles de prostaglandinas E2 - aumentada cantidad de metaloproteinasas de la matriz en el fluido gingival crevicular - reducida expresión de IL-10. Por estos motivos, la atención periodontal de los pacientes son síndrome de Down es ligeramente diferente...


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Care for Chronically Ill/methods , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Down Syndrome/complications , Autoimmunity/physiology , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Periodontal Diseases/immunology , Tooth Diseases/etiology , Dental Plaque/therapy , Dental Scaling/methods
20.
Rev. ADM ; 73(1): 6-10, ene.-feb.2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-781835

ABSTRACT

La atención dental debe acompañar a los pacientes que reciben terapia contra el cáncer de cabeza y cuello debido a que existen efectos secundarios relacionados con la radioterapia y un mal estado bucal, así como secuelas por la cirugía ablativa. Los principales efectos desarrollados por la radioterapia incluyen xerostomía y mucositis, seguidos por trismus, caries por radiación y osteorradionecrosis. Para disminuir el riesgo de desarrollar estos padecimientos es necesaria la visita alcirujano dentista previa al tratamiento para realizar los procedimientos bajo los requerimentos de un paciente con cáncer y hacer la toma de decisiones ante dientes cariados, restauraciones extensas, enfermedad periodontal o dientes posteriores inaccesibles para una higiene diaria. Sin embargo, puede ser desafi ante llevar a cabo estas tareas en el corto periodo entre el diagnóstico del paciente y el inicio de su tratamiento. De igual manera los pacientes que han terminado el tratamiento deberán ser atendidos con consideraciones especiales por la posibilidad de desarrollar osteorradionecrosis...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dental Care for Chronically Ill/methods , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Neoplasms/complications , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Dental Caries/etiology , Mucositis/etiology , Oral Manifestations , Osteoradionecrosis/etiology , Xerostomia/etiology , Trismus/etiology
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