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1.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 53(4): 221-230, dic. 2015. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-772360

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cerebellar mutism syndrome refers to the muteness (lack of speech) that follows lesions of the cerebellum. It’s characterized by a late onset, limited duration, and in some cases long-term language sequelae. Its pathogenesis it s not clear yet, but it has been attributed a role to a damage of the dentate nucleus and of the dento-rubro-thalamic tract. Objectives: Identify potential risk factors (clinical or anatomical) to predict the onset of cerebellar mutism after posterior fossa surgery Compare, using MRI analysis and DTI tractography, the integrity of the dento-rubro-thalamic tract in patients with and without cerebellar mutism. Methods: Prospective follow up study of patients operated of posterior fossa tumors between November 2012 and 2013. We performed a study with DTI of the dento rubro thalamic tract in pacients with and without postoperative mutism. Results: 53 patients under the diagnosis of posterior fossa tumor underwent surgical resection. 5 pacients presented postoperative mutism (9,4 percent). There was a significant association between postoperative medulloblastoma diagnosis and postoperative mutism. Tumor volume was not significant. The volume of left and right dento rubro thalamic tract were significantly lower in patients with cerebellar mutism. The fractional anisotropy of the right superior cerebellar peduncle was also lower in patients with postoperative mutism. Conclusions: The postoperative cerebellar mutism is a relevant complication after a posterior fossa surgery. Our study supports the role of dento rubro thalamic tract damage in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Special care must be taken during surgery to prevent damage to this tract.


Introducción: El síndrome mutismo cerebeloso consiste en falta del habla posterior a lesiones del cerebelo. Se caracteriza por inicio tardío, duración limitada, y ocasionalmente secuelas lingüísticas. Su patogenia no está clara, pero se ha atribuido un rol a daños en el núcleo dentado y en la vía dento-rubro-talámica. Objetivos: Identificar posibles factores de riesgo (clínicos o anatómicos) asociados a la aparición de mutismo cerebeloso después de una cirugía de fosa posterior. Comparar, mediante un análisis de resonancia magnética (IRM) y tractografía por tensor de difusión (DTI), la integridad de la vía dento-rubro-talámica en pacientes con y sin mutismo cerebeloso. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo de pacientes operados por tumores de fosa posterior entre noviembre de 2012 y 2013. Se analizó con DTI la vía dento-rubro-talámica en pacientes con y sin mutismo postoperatorio. Se comparó la volumetría del tracto en ambas cohortes. Resultados: Cincuenta y tres pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor de fosa posterior fueron sometidos a cirugía de exéresis. Cinco pacientes presentaron mutismo postoperatorio (9,4 por ciento). Hubo una asociación significativa entre el diagnóstico de meduloblastoma y mutismo postoperatorio. El volumen tumoral no fue significativo. El volumen de la vía dento-rubro-talámica fue significativamente menor en pacientes con mutismo, en forma bilateral, así como la anisotropía fraccional del pedúnculo cerebeloso derecho. Conclusiones: El mutismo cerebeloso es una complicación relevante después de una cirugía de fosa posterior. Nuestro estudio apoya el papel del daño de la vía dento-rubro-talámica en la patogénesis de este síndrome. Se debe tener especial cuidado durante la cirugía para prevenir daños al núcleo dentado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Cerebellum/pathology , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Mutism/diagnosis , Mutism/etiology , Infratentorial Neoplasms/surgery , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
2.
Indian J Hum Genet ; 2012 Jan; 18(1): 71-74
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139446

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We report on the higher prevalence of deaf-mutes from a village in Jammu and Kashmir State of India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study among 79 deaf mutes using pedigree analysis, audiometry, imaging and molecular analysis. RESULTS: A high rate of hereditary deafness with 79 individuals diagnosed to be suffering from non-syndrome deafness in a total population of 2452 individuals residing in the village. INTERPRETATION: Flourishing of intermarriages led to a population with high prevalence of deafness.


Subject(s)
Consanguinity , Deafness/epidemiology , Deafness/etiology , Deafness/genetics , Humans , India , Marriage/trends , Mutism/epidemiology , Mutism/etiology , Mutism/genetics , Rural Population
3.
West Indian med. j ; 56(4): 382-384, Sept. 2007.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-475993

ABSTRACT

We present a case of a 50-year old man who developed mutism and a flaccid quadriparesis within 48 hours of presentation to hospital with severe hyponatraemia. A diagnosis of central pontine myelinolysis was made based on the clinical features and typical appearances on magnetic resonance imaging.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hyponatremia/complications , Myelinolysis, Central Pontine/etiology , Mutism/etiology , Quadriplegia/etiology , Hyponatremia/drug therapy , Hyponatremia/physiopathology , Myelinolysis, Central Pontine/diagnosis , Myelinolysis, Central Pontine/therapy , Quadriplegia/diagnosis
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 19(3)set. 2000. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-603901

ABSTRACT

O mutismo cerebelar tem sido relatado freqüentemente em crianças após cirurgia de tumores defossa posterior e apresenta ótimo prognóstico. Os autores relatam um caso de mutismo cerebelarem um paciente adulto com hemorragia cerebelar que foi tratado com método conservador. Houverecuperação da ataxia cerebelar e da fala. São discutidos a sua fisiopatologia e prognóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cerebral Hemorrhage/surgery , Cerebral Hemorrhage/complications , Mutism/etiology
7.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 57(4): 1011-6, dez. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-249303

ABSTRACT

Relatamos dois casos de mutismo observados após ressecção de tumores do cerebelo em duas crianças do sexo feminino, tratando-se, no primeiro caso de meduloblastoma, e no segundo, de astocitoma juvenil. Em ambas havia lesão pré-operatória de nervos bulbares. A fisiopatogenia do mutismo envolve fatores anatômicos, vasculares e emocionais. As características essenciais do mutismo cerebelar são discutidas com base em revisão da literatura.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Child , Astrocytoma/surgery , Cerebellar Neoplasms/surgery , Cranial Nerves/injuries , Medulloblastoma/surgery , Mutism/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Mutism/epidemiology , Mutism/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/etiology
8.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 15(3): 155-8, set. 1996. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-184959

ABSTRACT

O mutismo após ressecçao de tumores de fossa posterior em criança é uma manifestaçao bem descrita mas ainda pouco conhecida no meio neurocirúrgico. Manifesta-se como perda da capacidade da fala após ressecçao de tumores do IV ventrículo e é, na maioria dos casos, reversível. Ainda nao há explicaçao fisiopatológica bem definida. A ocorrência do mutismo, neste caso, após hematoma no leito tumoral com compressao da face medial do cerebelo, parece confirmar a teoria de lesao orgânica como causa da manifestaçao.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Hematoma/complications , Mutism/etiology , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Cerebral Ventricles/surgery , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery , Hematoma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 53(1): 94-7, mar. 1995. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-155485

ABSTRACT

Os autores descrevem episódios de mutismo após cirurgia para tumores da fossa posterior em pacientes jovens. Säo apresentados dois casos e é feita análise de ausência de expressäo verbal que estabeleceu após cirurgia. Também é feita análise do mutismo do ponto de vista de suas conotaçöes neurológicas e psicológicas, ao mesmo tempo em que é revista a literatura sobre o assunto


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Astrocytoma/surgery , Brain Neoplasms/surgery , Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery , Medulloblastoma/surgery , Mutism/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Astrocytoma , Brain Neoplasms , Medulloblastoma , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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