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1.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(4): 941-953, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1341527

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la obesidad es considerada como un problema de salud pública. Por lo general, tiende a comenzar desde edades tempranas. La Organización Mundial de la Salud la ha definido como la epidemia del siglo XXI, por las dimensiones que ha adquirido en las últimas décadas y su impacto en la morbimortalidad, en la calidad de vida y en el elevado costo sanitario. Desde 1973, la incidencia de obesidad a escala mundial se ha triplicado. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de la obesidad y el sobrepeso en menores de 19 años, en el Consultorio 12 del Policlínico Docente Héroes del Moncada, de Cárdenas, en 2019. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, en el período de junio de 2018 a junio de 2019. El universo estuvo constituido por 68 niños de 0 a 19 años, con antecedentes de sobrepeso y obesidad. Resultados: el grupo de edades más afectado fue el de los niños de 0 a 4 años; ambos sexos tuvieron igual comportamiento. La mayoría de los niños no realizaba ejercicios físicos. Los alimentos más consumidos fueron los azucarados y los carbohidratos. El factor genético estuvo presente en todos los participantes. Conclusiones: para la prevención de obesidad en la infancia, Cuba cuenta con un primer nivel de atención accesible a toda la población. Se considera que se debe aprovechar esta fortaleza y realizar una labormás enérgica con la familia y la interacción de equipos interdisciplinarios, donde intervengan nutriólogos y licenciados en Educación Física, para así evitar este mal entre los niños y jóvenes (AU).


ABSTRACT Introduction: Obesity is considered a public health problem. In general, it tends to start from early ages. The World Health Organization has defined it as the epidemic of the 21st century due to the dimensions it has acquired in recent decades, and its impact on morbidity, mortality, in life quality, and its high sanitary cost. Since 1973, the incidence of obesity worldwide has increased three times. Objective: to characterize obesity and overweight behavior in children and adolescents aged less than 19 years, form the Family Medical Office 12 of the Teaching Polyclinic Héroes del Moncada, of Cardenas, in 2019. Materials and methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the period from June 2018 to June 2019. The universe was formed by 68 children aged 0-19 years, with antecedents of overweight and obesity. Results: the most affected age group was the one formed by children aged 0-4 years; both sexes behaved the same. Most of children did not exercised. The most consumed foods were sugar and carbohydrates. The genetic factor was present in all the participants. Conclusions: for preventing obesity in childhood, Cuba has a first health care level accessible to the whole population. The authors consider that this strength should be used, and more active work should be carried out with the family and the interaction of an interdisciplinary team integrated by nutritionists and graduated of Physical Education, to avoid this condition among children and youth (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Overweight/genetics , Pediatric Obesity/genetics , Child , Adolescent , Pediatric Obesity/classification , Pediatric Obesity/diagnosis , Health Risk Behaviors
2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 102(2): 175-180, 03/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-704606

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: Diversos autores correlacionaram o aumento do risco cardiovascular com o estado nutricional, porém existem diferentes critérios para a classificação de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças. Objetivos: Avaliar o desempenho de três critérios de classificação nutricional em crianças, como definidores da presença de obesidade e preditores de níveis pressóricos elevados em escolares. MÉTODOS: Oitocentas e dezessete crianças de 6 a 13 anos matriculadas em escolas públicas do município de Vila Velha (ES) foram submetidas a avaliação antropométrica e de pressão arterial. A classificação quanto ao estado nutricional foi estabelecida mediante dois critérios internacionais (CDC/NCHS 2000 e IOTF 2000) e um critério brasileiro (Conde e Monteiro 2006). RESULTADOS: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi maior quando utilizado o critério de Conde e Monteiro (27%), e menor pelo critério do IOTF (15%). Pressão arterial elevada foi observada em 7,3% das crianças. Identificou-se forte associação entre a presença de excesso de peso e a ocorrência de níveis pressóricos elevados, independentemente do critério utilizado (p < 0,001). O critério que demonstrou maior sensibilidade em prever PA elevada foi o de Conde e Monteiro (44%), enquanto o de maior especificidade (94%), além de maior acurácia geral (63%), foi o do CDC. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de excesso de peso em crianças brasileiras é maior quando utilizado o critério de classificação de Conde e Monteiro, e menor quando utilizado o critério do IOTF. O critério de classificação brasileiro demonstrou ser o mais sensível como preditor de risco de PA elevada nessa amostra. .


BACKGROUND: Several authors have correlated the increase of cardiovascular risk with the nutritional status, however there are different criteria for the classification of overweight and obesity in children. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of three nutritional classification criteria in children, as definers of the presence of obesity and predictors of high blood pressure in schoolchildren. METHODS: Eight hundred and seventeen children ranging 6 to 13 years old, enrolled in public schools in the municipality of Vila Velha (ES) were submitted to anthropometric evaluation and blood pressure measurement. The classification of the nutritional status was established by two international criteria (CDC/NCHS 2000 and IOTF 2000) and one Brazilian criterion (Conde e Monteiro 2006). RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was higher when the criterion of Conde e Monteiro (27%) was used, and inferior by the IOTF (15%) criteria. High blood pressure was observed in 7.3% of children. It was identified a strong association between the presence of overweight and the occurrence of high blood pressure, regardless of the test used (p < 0.001). The test showing the highest sensitivity in predicting elevated BP was the Conde e Monteiro (44%), while the highest specificity (94%) and greater overall accuracy (63%), was the CDC criterion. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of overweight in Brazilian children is higher when using the classification criterion of Conde e Monteiro, and lower when the criterion used is IOTF. The Brazilian classification criterion proved to be the most sensitive predictor of high BP risk in this sample. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Hypertension/etiology , Nutritional Status , Pediatric Obesity/classification , Pediatric Obesity/complications , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Overweight/classification , Overweight/complications , Overweight/epidemiology , Public Sector , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sex Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric
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