ABSTRACT
New radiation therapy techniques such as Tomotherapy and Stereotactic radiotherapy require compact and higher power electron accelerators. In this paper a design of 10 MeV, 450 mA, compact, and hybrid standing wave C-band [5712 MHz] linear accelerator with peak power of 7 MW is presented to fulfil the demands of such new radiation therapy techniques. Standing wave structure that operates at [PI]/2 mode has been chosen for the design. Two different coupling techniques were utilized in the structure design; side coupling is used for regular accelerating section while the on-axis coupling is used in buncher section. A special hybrid cell is designed to connect the aforementioned sections such that the first half of this cell uses on axis coupling and fit to the buncher cell dimensions and the second half uses side coupling and fit to the regular cell dimension. Different cells of the design have been optimized using the computer, code SUPERFISH. PARMELA code is used to simulate the electrons' trajectories along the whole structure. Results from PARMELA indicate that the final energy is 10 MeV; the transmission ratio is 44%, and good energy spectrum with 18.6% span from the peak energy
Subject(s)
Radiation Hybrid Mapping , Equipment Design , Particle AcceleratorsABSTRACT
The protein encoded by CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. This receptor was identified as a gene induced by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and is thought to be a mediator of EBV effects on B lymphocytes. This receptor is expressed in various lymphoid tissues and activates B and T lymphocytes. It has been shown to control the migration of memory T cells to inflamed tissues, as well as stimulate dendritic cell maturation. To map the CCR7 gene in chicken chromosome, a 6 000 rads chicken-hamster radiation hybrid panel (ChickRH6) was used. PCR of samples from ChickRH6 revealed that the location of CCR7 gene is linked to the maker SEQ0347 (6 cR away) with LOD score of 16.6 and that the marker SEQ0347 is located on chromosome 27 at 27 cR of RH (radiation hydrid) map. We compared the corresponding human mRNA sequence with the predicted coding sequence of chicken CCR7 gene, and found that the assembled contig shared a high percentage of similarity with that of the human gene.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Base Sequence , Chickens , Genetics , Chromosomes , Genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Radiation Hybrid Mapping , Methods , Receptors, CCR7 , Receptors, Chemokine , Genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Methods , Sequence Homology, Nucleic AcidABSTRACT
The human sprouty 4 (SPRY4) gene was localized to chromosome band 5q32 approximately 33 by screening the Stanford radiation hybrid G3 panel using a SPRY4-specific primer pair for PCR. Northern blot analysis revealed two different mRNAs (5 kb and 2 kb) in liver, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, kidney, spleen, placenta and small intestine. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis showed that SPRY4 was expressed in all tested tissues to different levels.
Subject(s)
Blotting, Northern , Chromosome Mapping , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 , DNA Primers/chemistry , Humans , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Proteins/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Radiation Hybrid Mapping , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To search the candidate gene in the development and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma and shed light on the possible molecular mechanism of the development of lung carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using methods of cell culture, reverse transcription-PCR, RH gene mapping and RNA in situ hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cDNA fragment named OPB7-1 was mapped at 1p31-1p34 by RH gene mapping method. The fragment sequences obtained from lung cDNA library of normal person and cell line of AGZY83-a were similar in length but showed individual base difference. For OPB7-1, there is a low homogeneity to known gene by analysis in GenBank, but 3 contigs homologous to OPB7-1 were located at chromosome 1(1p31-1p34). Different degrees of expression were noted in tumor tissues from 24 cases of lung carcinoma, however no significant expression was found in their corresponding normal tissues. And high expression was found in the lung tissues of cases with lymph node metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OPB7-1 may be a novel gene. It may be a tumor related gene in occurrence and metastasis of lung carcinoma.</p>