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1.
Interface (Botucatu, Online) ; 25: e210118, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346358

ABSTRACT

Os estudos em perspectiva histórica da Reforma Sanitária, entre 1970-1980 no Brasil, ganharam diversos matizes analíticos e autores. Porém, ainda se ressente da necessidade de sua compreensão mediante particularidades regionais e uma visão que busque contextos capazes de elucidar ou ao menos refletir acerca daquilo que pode ser abarcado em uma lógica vivida por grupos determinados, instituições e movimentos alinhados ao pensamento social em saúde. Acrescido a essa questão está o projeto de formação de sanitaristas no período, que a historiografia aponta como relevante para o fortalecimento do ideário da Reforma Sanitária. Dentro dessa motivação e análise crítica, buscamos apresentar um estudo histórico de dimensão regional sobre as experiências médico-sanitárias vividas no período no Estado de São Paulo. (AU)


Studies of the history of Brazil's health reform conducted between 1970 and 1980 have gained various nuances and authors. However, there is still a need to understand the regional dimensions of the reform using an approach that examines contexts that are capable of elucidating or at least reflecting on the perspectives of specific groups, institutions and movements aligned with social thinking in health. An additional question is the sanitarian training program at the time, which historiography depicts as being relevant to the strengthening of the ideology behind the health reform. Motivated by the above and critical analysis, we present a historical study of the regional dimensions of the health reform investigating medical-sanitary experiences lived during the period in the state of São Paulo. (AU)


Los estudios en perspectiva histórica de la Reforma Sanitaria, entre 1970-1980 en Brasil, obtuvieron diversos matices analíticos y autores. Sin embargo, todavía se resiente de la necesidad de su comprensión a partir de particularidades regionales y de una visión que busque contextos capaces de elucidar o al menos de reflexionar sobre aquello que puede abarcarse en una lógica vivida por grupos determinados, instituciones y movimientos alineados al pensamiento social en salud. Añadido a esta cuestión está el proyecto de formación de sanitaristas en el período que la historiografía señala como relevante para el fortalecimiento del ideario de la Reforma Sanitaria. Dentro de esa motivación y análisis crítico, buscamos presentar un estudio histórico de dimensión regional sobre las experiencias médico-sanitarias vividas en el período en el Estado de São Paulo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Public Health , Health Care Reform/history , Health Human Resource Training , Regional Medical Programs , Brazil
2.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 15(1): 8-12, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248004

ABSTRACT

Actualmente el cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte en la población chilena; sin embargo, en algunas regiones del país como Arica y Parinacota, Antofagasta, La Serena, Los Lagos y Aysén, en Atacama y La Araucanía ya es la primera (1), inmediatamente apenas por debajo de las afecciones al sistema circulatorio y cardiovascular, y se espera que, al final de la próxima década, llegue a ser la primera causa de muerte en el país (2). Por otra parte, con respecto a los años de vida perdidos en Chile, el cáncer es la primera causa de años de vida perdidos por muerte prematura (175.741 años equivalentes al 22,5% del total de años). Si a lo anterior sumamos los años de vida perdidos por discapacidad, el cáncer es responsable de 221.529 AVISA (Años de vida ajustados por discapacidad), ubicándolo en el séptimo lugar de grupos de causas de carga de enfermedad.(3) Por su incidencia, el cáncer se ha constituido en un problema de salud pública indiscutible e insoslayable, por cuya gravedad demanda al sistema de salud chileno la máxima atención y el mejor de los esfuerzos en las tareas de las pesquisas temprana en toda la población, con el fin de minimizarsusefectos combinados enlasociedad demanera transversal y en cualquier contexto en el que ocurra, debido a la dificultad que significa para el sistema de salud chileno su pesquisa temprana en todos los ciudadanos, sumado a la escasez de recursos tanto humanos como materiales, por lo costos involucrados en su abordaje, es un importante problema social y económico, con repercusión y costos que afectan a laspersonas, sus familiasy comunidades, así como al sistema de salud y al país en su conjunto. (2) A la fecha, en Chile, grandes esfuerzos se han hecho para reducir estas brechas. El mayor de ellos es el programa GES (Garantías explícitas enSalud), mediante el cual los pacientes de acuerdo a su diagnóstico e independientemente de su capacidad de pago o seguro de salud asociado, región geográfica o nivel educacional, son asegurados con una canasta de prestaciones estandarizada, con tiempos de atención antes definidos, asegurando así acceso, oportunidad, protección financiera y calidad delprestador. (4) No obstante luego de 15 años de iniciado elprograma de prestaciones GES, persisten estas diferencias tanto por nivel socioeconómico, y/o educacional, queinfluyen negativamente sobre los estándares de atención de los diferentes prestadores de salud, en razón que diversos estudios se han observado diferencias estadisticamente significativas en las tasas de mortalidad entre el sistema público y privado de 3,12 a 5,8 veces más mortalidad en los pacientes atendidos por FONASA (Fondo nacional de Salud) , respecto a los prestadores privados provenientes de ISAPRES (Instituciones de salud previsional). (5) La ley Nacional del Cáncer recibe el nombre del doctor Claudio Mora a modo de homenaje póstumo, pues él encarnó la dualidad de paciente oncológico y profesional al ser tratado por un cáncer de páncreas, junto al Dr. Jorge Jiménez de la Jara, y la senadora Carolina Goic, quienes fueron grandes impulsores de esta ley, que cuenta con $80 mil millones de pesos anuales ($20 mil millones para infraestructura y $60 mil millones para tratamientos que hoy no son cubiertos por el GES ni por la Ley Ricarte Soto), además de $200 millones anuales por ocho años para la construcción de la Red Nacional Oncológica.(6) La ley nacional del cáncer es un proyecto a largo plazo que requiere de una red oncológica integrada de profesionales y de la coordinación de un equipo interdisciplinario que presenta deficiencias tanto en el número como en la especializaciónde sus equipos médicos. En el presente contexto de la pandemia por coronavirus iniciada en Chile el 1 de marzo de 2020, contrapuesto a lo anterior la disminución de los diagnósticos de cáncer es un hecho, como consecuencia directa de la priorización de camas crítica como camas básicas y de intermedio para atender pacientes infectados por coronavirus, a pesar de lo anterior ha entrado en vigencia la Ley Nacional de Cáncer, es decir, la nueva Ley 21.258, que pretende asegurar que se proporcione un óptimo diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento a los pacientes. (7)


Subject(s)
Public Policy , Regional Medical Programs , Legislation, Medical , Neoplasms/mortality , Chile , Social Justice , Equity , COVID-19 , Medical Oncology
3.
Comun. ciênc. saúde ; 28(3-4): 291-302, jul. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-972672

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Aplicar o modelo lógico ao Programa Mais Médicos e pré-avaliar o programa do Distrito Federal. MÉTODO: Aplicação do modelo lógico ao Programa mais médicos e análise quantitativa de dados do programa do Distrito Federal. Os indicadores foram acompanhados anualmente, para o Brasil e para o Distrito Federal, de 2013 a 2015 e as demais variáveis no período anterior (Janeiro/2011 a Julho/2013) e posterior (Agosto/2013 a Dezembro/2015) à adesão do Distrito Federal ao Programa Mais Médicos. RESULTADOS: Metas, atividades e produtos não foram identificados na construção do modelo lógico. As variáveis e indicadores analisados demonstraram, de forma geral, sugestão de ganhos positivos com a implantação do programa no Distrito Federal. Houve aumento em 32% da cobertura populacional por equipes da atenção básica, aumento do número de médicos e equipes na Estratégia Saúde da Família (p< 0,001), melhora da cobertura de pré-natal e de consultas aos maiores de 60 anos (p<0,001), além de aumento de visitas médicas domiciliares (p<0,005). CONCLUSÃO: Com relação a construção do Programa Mais médicos, faltam aspectos importantes do ponto de vista estrutural de um projeto, porém no Distrito Federal conseguimos observar resultados significativos.


AIM: Apply the logical model to Mais Médicos (More Doctors) program and evaluate the program of the Federal District. METHODS: Application of the logical model to Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program and quantitative data analysis from the Federal District program. Annual indicators were extracted from Brazilian and Federal District data from 2013 to 2015 and the other variables in the first (January / 2011 to July / 2013) and the second (August / 2013 to December / 2015) periods to the accession of Federal District to the Mais Médicos Program. RESULTS: Goals, activities and products were not detected in the logical model performance. The evaluated variables and indicators suggested, in a general way, positive effects with the implementation of the program in the Federal District. Increasing population covered by basic health care teams (32%), increasing number of doctors and teams in the Family Health Strategy (p<0,001), higher prenatal coverage and consultations among patients over 60-y old (p<0,001) and also higher number of home visits (p<0,005) were detected. CONCLUSION: Concerning the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program implementation, important aspects from the main structural project are missing, but significant results were noticed in the Federal District Program.


Subject(s)
Humans , Regional Medical Programs , Physicians Distribution , Program Evaluation
4.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; Rev. chil. enferm. respir;31(4): 227-231, dic. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775500

ABSTRACT

A book on the history of the Program of Control of Tuberculosis in Chile, recently published by the Ministry of Health as a landmark of the Public Health of the country, is commented. His author, the distinguished historian Marcelo López Campillay goes over the different stages of the tuberculosis epidemic in Chile and the successive attempts to control it. First with a modern control program and later with a program aimed at the elimination of tuberculosis as a public health problem, with a target of less than 5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants by 2020. The successes and difficulties of the program through its different stages are explained by the testimonies from its main protagonists and conductors. Complementary contributions about this exciting history are given.


Se comenta la publicación del Ministerio de Salud sobre la historia del Programa de Control de la Tuberculosis, como un hito dentro de la Salud Pública de Chile. Su autor, el distinguido historiador Marcelo López Campillay, recorre las distintas etapas vividas por la epidemia de tuberculosis en Chile y los sucesivos intentos de controlarla a través de un Programa de Control de la Tuberculosis moderno, que ha ido evolucionando a un programa cuya meta es la eliminación de la enfermedad como problema de salud pública, con una meta de menos de 5 casos por 100.000 habitantes para el año 2020. Se detallan los éxitos y dificultades que ha tenido que enfrentar el programa en sus distintas etapas, basados en los testimonios de sus principales protagonistas y se agregan aportes complementarios sobre esta interesante historia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adult , Regional Medical Programs/history , Tuberculosis/mortality , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Public Health Surveillance
5.
Brasília; Ministério da Saúde; jul., 2015. 127 p. Livro, ilus, mapas, tab, graf.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-766721

ABSTRACT

Saúde pública, universal e gratuita para mais de 200 milhões de brasileirosnão é desafio que se supera sozinho. A constituição brasileira repartiu asresponsabilidades entre as três esferas de governo e assim, há 27 anos, seguimosconstruindo o Sistema Único de Saúde. Talvez a mais importante de todas as etapasdessa construção, a Atenção Básica, justamente aquela que está mais próximada população, é a que mais exige integração entre União, estados e municípios.É no atendimento básico, na Estratégia da Saúde de Família, que se solucionamcerca de 80% dos problemas de saúde da população. Respeitando aautonomia de cada ente, o governo federal, com os estados e municípios, decidiureforçar esse pilar tão importante da saúde pública. Lançado o desafio de atendera uma demanda histórica por mais médicos nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde, oMinistério da Saúde começou a reunir parceiros dentro e fora do governo paratransformar em realidade o Programa Mais Médicos para o Brasil...


Subject(s)
Humans , Comprehensive Health Care , Physicians Distribution/statistics & numerical data , Education, Medical, Undergraduate/organization & administration , Primary Health Care , Health Policy , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Physician Assistants/supply & distribution , Education, Medical, Graduate/organization & administration , Health Administration , Internship and Residency/organization & administration , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Regional Medical Programs
6.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-66172

ABSTRACT

Injury is a leading cause of death and disability in children and adolescents worldwide. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of the pediatric unintentional injuries presenting to the Korean emergency department (ED). We included unintentional injuries in patients aged < 20 yr. Data collected from January 2010 to December 2011 was extracted from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of Korea. The NEDIS data included information on patient's age and gender, geographic location of the ED visits, mechanism of injuries; and clinical outcomes. Most (94.1%) injuries were unintentional while 5.9% were intentional. The rate of ED visit for pediatric unintentional injury was 6,097 per 100,000 and critical injury was 59.8 per 100,000 (< 20 yr habitants). The mortality rate was 5.4 per 100,000. The mortality rate of pediatric unintentional injuries was 0.1% including the prehospital death and ED death. Unintentional pediatric injuries occurred most commonly in those age 0-4 boys and girls and were predominantly caused by collisions. Male motorcyclists aged 15-19 yr formed a critical injury high-risk group. The rates of critical injury and mortality were highest in Jeju, Gangwon, Gwangju, and Jeonbuk than those in other regions. High-risk groups by age, gender, mechanism and region should be targeted to prevent pediatric injuries in Korea.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Young Adult , Accidents, Traffic/mortality , Age Distribution , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Regional Medical Programs/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Survival Rate , Wounds and Injuries/diagnosis
7.
Interface (Botucatu, Online) ; 18(supl.1): 871-884, 09/12/2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733158

ABSTRACT

Por meio da experiência do apoio institucional da Política Nacional de Humanização em três regiões de saúde do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, o presente texto visa expor algumas problematizações referentes ao processo de articulação de redes regionais de saúde em regiões compostas majoritariamente por municípios com menos de vinte mil habitantes. Ao problematizar a articulação de redes de saúde em regiões interioranas, coloca-se na pauta o processo de descentralização e as relações interfederativas enfatizando os aspectos político-institucionais que atravessam e modulam essas relações, principalmente nos municípios de pequeno porte. Assim sendo, colocamos em questão os modos como as atuais políticas de saúde chegam a esses territórios e o modo como essas redes estão sendo articuladas, tendo como norte o desafio da ascendência e transversalidade do processo...


Considering the experience taken from the institutional support given by the Humanization’s Brazilian Policy in three health’s regions in São Paulo State, Brazil, this text intends to expose some problems refering to the articulation process of other health’s regional networks mainly composed by cities with less than twenty thousands inhabitants. By problematizing the articulation of inlad health’s networks it is put on the agenda the process of descentraliztion and the interfederaditive relations emphasizing the political and institutional aspects that goes through and modulates these relations, mainly in the small cities. Thus, we are questioning the ways how the current health policies are implemented in these territories and the way how they are articulated, having as a goal the challenge of the process’ ascendance and transversality...


Através de la experiencia del apoyo institucional de la Política Brasileña de Humanización en tres regiones de salud del interior del Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, el presente texto se propone exponer algunas problematizaciones referentes al proceso de articulación de mallas regionales de salud en regiones compuestas mayoritariamente por municipios con menos de vente mil habitantes. Al problematizar la articulación de mallas de salud en regiones interioranas se pone en la pauta del proceso de descentralización y las relaciones inter-federativas enfatizando los aspectos políticos institucionales que penetran y modulan esta relación, principalmente en los municipios de pequeño porte. Por consiguiente, ponemos en cuestión los modos como las políticas de salud actuales llegan a estos territorios y el modo cómo estas mallas están siendo articuladas, teniendo como dirección el desafío de la ascendencia y transversalidad del proceso...


Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care , Humanization of Assistance , Regional Medical Programs , Brazil
8.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; Rev. chil. enferm. respir;30(4): 225-229, dic. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734753

ABSTRACT

The World Health Organization established eight guidelines for a new framework in countries with low incidence of tuberculosis (less than 100 cases per million population) to eliminate the disease. Although Chile does not belong to this group since its incidence rate is still 13 cases per 100,000, it is feasible to work in this new framework thanks to the strengths that present the national program. This article analyzes the Chilean situation regarding these guidelines, and determined that most of them have significant progress, but in those related to funding of public health activities and in the development of strategies with specific risk groups some still fail to go forward.


La Organización Mundial de la Salud estableció ocho lineamientos para un nuevo marco de acción en los países con baja incidencia de tuberculosis (menos de 100 casos por millón de habitantes) con miras a eliminar la enfermedad como problema de Salud Pública. Si bien Chile no pertenece a este grupo ya que su tasa de incidencia es aún de 13 casos por 100.000 habitantes, es factible trabajar en este nuevo marco gracias a las fortalezas que presenta el programa nacional. En este artículo se analiza la situación chilena en cuanto a estos lineamientos, determinándose que en la mayoría de ellos se cuenta con avances importantes, pero que en aquellos relacionados con el financiamiento de las acciones desde el punto de vista de Salud Pública y el desarrollo de estrategias específicas con los grupos de riesgo, aún queda camino por avanzar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Prisoners/statistics & numerical data , Regional Medical Programs , Chile/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Public Health Surveillance
10.
Recife; s.n; 2014.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, ECOS | ID: biblio-995475

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho analisou a oferta das ações de alta complexidade e a alocação de recursos nas macrorregiões de saúde no estado de Pernambuco. Caracteriza-se por ser um estudo de natureza quantitativa, exploratório e descritivo. As informações utilizadas foram referentes à assistência ambulatorial e hospitalar de alta complexidade sob gestão estadual, tendo como período o ano de 2013. Foram utilizados dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais (SIA) e do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH), respectivamente, e processados pelo Departamento de Informação e Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Observou-se que a oferta da assistência ambulatorial e hospitalar na alta complexidade nas macrorregiões de Pernambuco, não está em conformidade ao preconizado pela Regionalização da Assistência à Saúde. Encontrou-se uma concentração de oferta na macrorregião metropolitana, exigindo grandes deslocamentos da população, dificultando o acesso dos usuários residentes das macrorregiões de saúde mais distantes. No tocante a alocação de recursos executados pela gestão estadual, observou-se uma persistência de iniquidades espaciais. Os dados evidenciaram que o setor privado que deveria ser de caráter complementar é o principal provedor SUS de ações e serviços em alta complexidade. O contexto identificado demonstrou que a oferta regionalizada em alta complexidade ainda está longe de ser concretizada no estado de Pernambuco. Palavras-chave: Regionalização. Atenção Terciária à Saúde. Alta Complexidade.(AU)


This paper analyzed the supply of high complexity actions and resource allocation in health macro-regions in the state of Pernambuco. It is characterized by being a study of quantitative, exploratory and descriptive nature. The information used were related to out patient care and hospital of high complexity understate management, with the period 2013. Secondary data from the Hospital Information System (SIA) and Hospital Information System (SIH), respectively, and processed by the Department of Information and informatics software the National Unified Health System - SUS (DATASUS). It was observed that the provision of ambulatory and hospital care in high complexity in the macro-regions of Pernambuco is not in line with that recommended by the Regionalization of Health Care. We found a concentration of supply in the metropolitan macro-region, requiring large displacements of the population, making it difficult access for residents of the more distant macro health regions. Regarding the allocation of resources executed by state management, there was a persistent spatial inequities. The data showed that the private sector should be complementary in nature is the main provider of SUS actions and services for high complexity. The identified context showed that regionalized supply for high complexity is still far from being realized in the state of Pernambuco.(AU)


Subject(s)
Regional Medical Programs , Health Care Economics and Organizations , Tertiary Healthcare , Health Care Costs , Healthcare Financing , Health Services Accessibility , Brazil , Epidemiology, Descriptive
11.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 34(6): 416-421, dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-702716

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar o Relatório Final da VIII Conferência de Saúde e o Plano Municipal de Saúde de São José dos Pinhais 2010-2013 e verificar se esses documentos contemplaram os temas sustentabilidade, governança e equidade e as interfaces entre esses temas - políticas de governo e estado, balanço de poder e processo inclusivo e resultados impactantes -, que compõem um Modelo Conceitual para Desenvolvimento Humano e Promoção da Saúde proposto pelos autores. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo de caso, foram analisadas as 331 propostas aprovadas para incorporação no Plano Municipal de Saúde. Foram analisadas as seis categorias temáticas do Modelo Conceitual para Desenvolvimento Humano e Promoção da Saúde pelo programa ATLAS Ti 5.0. As propostas foram classificadas pelo número de temas e interfaces do Modelo Conceitual: propostas plenas de promoção de saúde continham as seis categorias de conceitos e interfaces; propostas de promoção parcial continham três categorias; e propostas incipientes continham uma categoria. RESULTADOS: Das 331 propostas aprovadas, 162 (49%) contemplaram as seis categorias temáticas, sendo classificadas como propostas plenas de promoção da saúde. Noventa e cinco (29%) contemplaram três categorias, sendo classificadas como de parcial promoção da saúde. Dessas, 38 (12%) contemplaram as categorias governança, sustentabilidade e políticas de governo/estado, 33 (10%) contemplaram governança, balanço de poder e equidade e 24 (7%) contemplaram equidade, processo inclusivo/resultados impactantes e sustentabilidade. Finalmente, 74 (22%) propostas contemplaram uma categoria, sendo classificadas como proposta de incipiente promoção da saúde: 36 (11%) contemplaram governança, 27 (8%) contemplaram sustentabilidade e 11 (3%) contemplaram equidade. CONCLUSÕES: Tendo em vista que 49% das propostas foram classificadas como de promoção plena da saúde, o controle social, a partir da participação popular na construção do plano de saúde, contribuiu para a promoção da saúde no município.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Final Report of the VIII Health Conference and the São José dos Pinhais City Health Program for 2010-2013 and investigate whether these documents addressed the themes of sustainability, governance, and equity and the interfaces between these themes-government policies, power balance, and inclusive processes/impacting results-that make up the Concept Model for Human Development and Health Promotion developed by the authors. METHOD: This case study analyzed 331 proposals approved for incorporation in the City Health Program. The six thematical categories of the Concept Model were analyzed using ATLAS Ti 5.0 software. The proposals were classified according to the number of themes and interfaces of the Concept Model: full health proposals contained all six categories; partial proposals contained three categories; and incipient proposals contained one category. RESULTS: Of 331 proposals approved, 162 (49%) contemplated the six thematical categories and were classified as full health promotion proposals. Ninety-five (29%) contemplated three categories (partial health promotion). Of these, 38 (12%) addressed Governance, Sustainability, and Government Policies, 33 (10%) addressed Governance, Power Balance, and Equity and 24 (7%) addressed Equity, Inclusive Processes/Impact Results, and Sustainability. Finally, 74 (22%) proposals contemplated only one category and were classified as incipient: 36 (11%) addressed Governance, 27 (8%) addressed sustainability, and 11 (3%) addressed equity. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the fact that 49% of the proposals approved were classified as full health promotion, it is considered that the effectiveness of social control and popular participation in the construction of health policies at the local level contritute to the promotion of health in the city.


Subject(s)
Humans , Community Health Planning/organization & administration , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Local Government , Regional Medical Programs/organization & administration , Urban Health , Brazil , Community Health Planning/standards , Community Participation , Goals , Health Status Disparities , Healthcare Disparities , Models, Theoretical , Power, Psychological , Program Evaluation , Regional Medical Programs/standards , Social Control Policies
12.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-177253

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Not only regionalization of neonatal care for high risk newborn, but also safe neonatal transport system of newborn were not completely established in Korea. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of preterm infants less than 35 week gestational age with regard to inborn and outborn status, to understand the problems of regionalization of neonatal care and neonatal transport system and to provide the basis to solve the potential problems. METHODS: This retrospective study included 40 outborn and 40 inborn preterm infants less than 35 week gestational age admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Korea University Ansan Hospital during the period between January 2006 and June 2013. RESULTS: Compared with those in the inborn group, the incidences of hypoglycemia and respiratory distress were significantly more frequent in the outborn group at admission. The uses of surfactant, ventilator, and inotrope were significantly more frequent in the outborn during hospitalization. Mortality occurred only in the outborn group. Most of infants were transferred by a nurse alone, not a team with doctor. CONCLUSION: Transferred preterm infants may not be sufficiently stabilized before transport, according to the result of more frequent hypoglycemia and respiratory distress in the outborn group. In order to reduce mortality and morbidity of transferred newborn from level I, the national policy about neonatal intensive care unit level guideline (manpower, equipment, and facility), regionalization of neonatal intensive care, and neonatal transport system are needed in Korea.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Gestational Age , Hospitalization , Hypoglycemia , Incidence , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Korea , Mortality , Perinatal Care , Regional Medical Programs , Resuscitation , Retrospective Studies , Transportation of Patients , Ventilators, Mechanical
13.
Sahara J (Online) ; 9(3): 131-136, 2012.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1271541

ABSTRACT

There has been increasing attention in recent years to the HIV prevention; treatment; and care needs of key populations in Africa; in particular men who have sex with men (MSM); injection drug users (IDU); and female sex workers (FSW). While several major donors have undertaken efforts to prioritize these groups; it remains unclear which African countries are actively seeking donor support for these programs. For this analysis; we reviewed publicly available proposal and budget documentation from the US PEPFAR for fiscal years 2007 through 2010 and Rounds 1 through 10 of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS; Tuberculosis and Malaria for 40 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Of the 164 searchable documents retrieved; nearly two-thirds contained at least one program serving FSW (65; 107 proposals); less than one-third contained at least one program serving MSM (29; 47 proposals); and a minority proposed programming for IDU (13; 21 proposals). Demand for these programs was highly concentrated in a subset of countries. Epidemiological data for at least one key population was included in a majority of these proposals (63; 67 proposals); but in many cases these data were not linked to programs


Subject(s)
Budgets , Designer Drugs , Drug Users , HIV Infections , Homosexuality , Male , Public Assistance , Regional Medical Programs , Sex Workers
16.
Ethiop. j. health dev. (Online) ; 25(2): 110-115, 2011. ilus
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1261776

ABSTRACT

Background: Ethiopia is committed to improving access to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and antiretroviral therapy (ART) service. In May 2005; some private hospitals in Addis Ababa City Administration received accreditation to provide ART services to eligible patients. Objective: To examine and describe the achievements of the ART Program in accredited private hospitals. Methods: Descriptive retrospective analyses of reported ART Program Data from accredited private hospitals; between May 2005 and 31st December 2009. The aggregate data was obtained from Addis Ababa Regional Health Bureau and consisted of information about patients enrolled for care; those who started ART; and those presently are on ART. Results: During the study period; 10;849 patients were enrolled for care; 9;442 who had just started ART and 5;608 already on it across the study private facilities. In general close to 75of the total patients enrolled for care at five facilities. Although the majority (87) had started treatment in the past; only 59.4were currently on treatment. Overall; the program retained 66.4of the patients (n=6;270) and attrition was 32(n=3;021). Conclusions: Differences in patient enrollment for care; ART initiation and retention were observed across facilities. A significant number of patients discontinued treatment and their outcome status was unclear. A better monitoring and reporting of ART Program Data will improve program quality. An effective strategy is needed to enhance patient retention and tracing in the accredited private hospitals in Addis Ababa City Administration


Subject(s)
Ethiopia , HIV Infections , Hospitals, Private , Regional Medical Programs
17.
Lima; s.n; 2010. 130 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-590598

ABSTRACT

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo primordial caracterizar la percepción que tienen los Directivos de la Dirección Regional, Hospitales y Centros de Salud del Departamento de lca, respecto al Modelo de Atención Integral de Salud, mediante a comprensión holística y constructiva del fenómeno, a la par diferenciada entre estratos muestrales. Investigación posee un abordaje cualitativo; puede ser tipificada como comunicacional, prospectiva y transversal; corresponde a un diseño de teoría fundamentada; y, posee un nivel exploratorio. Se utilizó una entrevista semi-estructurada, la misma que fue aplicada a una muestra homogénea no aleatoria, conformada por 17 Directivos del Ministerio de Salud de Ica, conformada por 02 Directivos de la Dirección Regional, 10 Directivos de hospitales (2 del Hospital Regional y 8 de Hospitales de Provincias), y 05 Jefes de Centros de Salud. La recogida de información estuvo a cargo de 06 encuestadores debidamente calibrados. Se utilizó asimismo un procesamiento y análisis interactivos e imbricados con la recolección, apelando al método de teoría fundamentada, para codificar, categorizar y explicar los hallazgos. El análisis cualitativo operativizado a través de un sistema de matrices y la organización cuantitativa expresada en tablas y gráficas han permitido arribar a resultados interesantes como el hecho de que los Directivos de la Dirección Regional tienen una percepción más congruente del MAlS (100 por ciento); los Directivos del Hospital Regional han exhibido una percepción parcialmente congruente y no congruente (10 por ciento). Los Directivos de Hospitales de Provincias, aunque mostraron apreciaciones impropias en un 20 por ciento, han tenido una percepción parcialmente congruente en el 50 por ciento de los casos. Los Directivos de Centros de salud revelaron una percepción mayormente no congruente con el 60 por ciento, y parcialmente congruente con el 40 por ciento.


The present research has as primordial objective to characterize the perception that have the Directives of the Regional Direction, Hospitals and Centers of Health of the Department of lca, regarding the Pattern of Integral Attention of Health, trough a holistic and constructive understanding of the phenomenon, at the same time differ among sample stratum. The investigation has a qualitative boarding; it can be tipificada like comunicacional, prospective, traverse, and comparative; it corresponds to a grounded theory design; and, it possesses exploratory level. A semi-structured interview, was used that was applied to a homogeneous aleatory sample, conforrned by 17 Directives of the Ministry of Health of lca, conformed by 02 Directives of the Regional Address, 10 Directives of Hospitals (2 Regional and 8 Provincias) and 05 Bosses of Centers of Health. The collection of information was in charge of 06 properly gauged searchers. A prosecution and interactive and imbricate analysis also with the gathering, appealing to the method of grounded theory, to code, categorize and o explains the discoveries. The analysis qualitative operativizado through a system of wombs and the quantitative organization expressed in charts and graphs have allowed to arrive to interesting results as the fact that the Directives of the Regional Address have a more guessed right perception of the MAIS (100 per cent); the Directives of the Regional Hospitals have exhibited an equally incomplete and mislead perception (10 per cent). The Directives of Hospitals, although they showed mistaken appreciations in 20 per cent, they have had a mostly incomplete perception in 50 per cent of the cases. The Directives of Centers of health revealed a mostly misleading perception with 60 per cent, and minorly incomplete with 40 per cent.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Comprehensive Health Care , Health Centers , Chief Executive Officers, Hospital , Perception , Regional Medical Programs , Holistic Health , Prospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
18.
J. bras. pneumol ; J. bras. pneumol;35(6): 610-612, jun. 2009.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-519312

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi divulgar e disponibilizar um questionário utilizado como instrumento de avaliação dos elementos organizacionais e de desempenho dos serviços de atenção básica no controle da TB no Brasil, comparando as dimensões organizacionais selecionadas por unidade de saúde, por município e pelos diferentes atores (doentes, profissionais de saúde e gestores). Os resultados mostraram que os municípios com maior cobertura de tratamento supervisionado apresentaram indicadores mais favoráveis para o acesso ao tratamento da TB. A forma de organização da atenção a TB-programas de saúde da família ou unidades de referência com programas de controle da TB (PCT)-não foi um fator que ampliou o acesso ao diagnóstico. Os PCT que atendiam um menor número de doentes apresentaram desempenho mais favorável no que se refere ao vínculo entre o doente e o profissional de saúde. A maioria dos doentes enfrentava dificuldades de ordem econômica e social, e grande parte dos gerentes desconheciam os recursos aplicados nas ações de TB. O instrumento apresentou viabilidade de aplicação e potencial de avaliação dos serviços de saúde nos centros urbanos do estudo.


The objective of this study was to provide access to and disseminate a questionnaire used as an instrument to assess the organizational elements and the performance of primary health care clinics regarding TB control in Brazil, comparing selected organizational dimensions by health care clinic, by municipality and by actor (patients, health care workers and managers). The results show that municipalities where the coverage of supervised treatment was more extensive presented more favorable indicators regarding access to TB treatment. The organizational format of the health care clinics involved in TB treatment-family health programs and referral centers with specialized teams in TB Control Programs (TCPs)-was not a factor that expanded access to diagnosis. The TCPs involving a smaller number of patients presented better performance regarding health care professional-patient relationship. The majority of the patients faced economic and social difficulties, and most managers were unaware of the amount of resources allocated to TB control activities. The instrument proved to be viable and to have the potential to adequately assess the performance of health care clinics in the urban areas studied.


Subject(s)
Humans , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Primary Health Care/standards , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , Brazil , Health Policy , Patient Satisfaction , Regional Medical Programs/standards
19.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 28(1): 73-80, abr. 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-525343

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La transmisión telefónica del electrocardiograma (ECG) a un centro do análisis ha permitido el diagnostico precoz del infarto agudo del miocardio (IAM), incluso en lugares remotos de nuestro país. La ley AUGE exige el tratamiento inmediato del IAM con trombolisis y/o e/ traslado del paciente a un centro de referencia para su ulterior tratamiento. Objetivo: Tabular las características demográficas, distribución geográfica de la población estudiada, fecha y hora de presentación del IAM. Métodos: De un total de 523.371 ECG se analizaron 3.656 trazados con lesiones subepicárdicas definidas por desnivel superior de ST de a lo menos de 1 mm en dos o más derivaciones consecutivas (IAM con SDST). Los ECG fueron adquiridos con sistemas Aerotel 0 Cardiette y analizados por dos cardiólogos. Resultados: Se confirmo la mayor incidencia de IAM en hombres (69.2 por ciento vs 30.8 por ciento) y la presentación del IAM a una edad mayor en mujeres. Se registró un mayor numero de IAM entre los meses de Abril y Julio, y entre las 09 y 13 horas. Los tiempos de respuesta del sistema desde el momento de la recepción del ECG hasta el envío del informe no supero los 10 min, a cualquier hora del día a la noche, tanto en días hábiles como no hábiles. Conclusión: Se consignaron antecedentes epidemiológicos del IAM en el país, a la vez que se comprobó que el sistema permite un diagnostico precoz del IAM, lo cual puede tener un impacto positivo en el tratamiento de esta patología.


Background: Telephonic transmission of an electrocardiogram (ECG) from rural areas to a center with cardiologist in place to analyze the records has been recently incorporated in Chile, allowing earlier diagnosis of an Acute Myocardial Infarction, even in remote places. Such early diagnosis should prompt faster thrombolysis or primary angioplasty. Aim: To descnbe demographics of the population in which diagnostic ECG were taken, plus date and time of the day when the diagnosis of AMI was made. Method: Out of 523.371 ECG, we identified 3.656 records with epicardial lesions, defined as ST elevation of at least 1 mm in 2 concordant leads (STEAM!). The records were obtained with systems Aerotel or Cardiette, and were analyzed by 2 cardiologists. Results: We found higher incidence of STEAMI in man (69.2 percent vs 30.8 percent). Older age was more frequently seen in women with STEAMI. A higher incidence of STEAMI was found between April and June, being more frequently observed between 9 AM and 13 PM. The delay between the reception of the ECG and its interpretation was no longer than 10 mm, regardless the time of the day. and including holidaysConclusion: We confirmed some epidemiological data regarding STEAM! in Chile. This technology allows the early diagnosis of the STEAM! fiom remotes areas of our country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Electrocardiography , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration , Telemedicine , Age and Sex Distribution , Chile/epidemiology , Early Diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Regional Medical Programs/organization & administration , Referral and Consultation/organization & administration , Seasons , Time Factors
20.
Pró-fono ; Pró-fono;20(3): 171-176, jul.-set. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-494277

ABSTRACT

TEMA: capacitação de agentes comunitários de saúde na área de saúde auditiva. OBJETIVO: verificar a efetividade de um programa de capacitação de agentes comunitários de saúde do Programa de Saúde da Família, na área de saúde auditiva infantil. MÉTODO: a casuística constou de dois grupos: grupo A foi constituído por 31 agentes comunitários de saúde da cidade de Bauru e, grupo B, formado por 75 agentes comunitários de saúde de Sorocaba, ambos municípios do Estado de São Paulo. A capacitação foi realizada por meio de aulas expositivas para os dois grupos, contudo para o grupo A foi utilizado uma apostila adaptada da World Health Organization (2006), para que os agentes comunitários de saúde pudessem acompanhar as atividades realizadas de forma interativa. A capacitação abordou os temas: audição e deficiência auditiva, tipos, prevenção e causas da deficiência auditiva, técnicas de identificação e diagnóstico da deficiência auditiva e aspectos gerais da deficiência auditiva. Para validar a capacitação foi aplicado um questionário pré e pós-capacitação com perguntas sobre os assuntos que foram abordados no decorrer do curso, a fim de analisar a assimilação do conteúdo ministrado. RESULTADOS: a capacitação foi efetiva, com aumento no escore total obtido nos questionários pré e pós-capacitação. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados comprovam a eficácia do programa de capacitação com utilização de material e abordagem interativa proposto para os agentes comunitários de saúde dos Programas de Saúde da Família.


BACKGROUND: training of community health agents in hearing health. AIM: to verify the effectiveness of a training program regarding the hearing health of children for Community Health Agents of a Family Health Program. METHOD: research sample consisted of two groups: Group A, constituted by 31 community health agents, from Bauru, SP, and Group B, constituted by 75 community health agents, from Sorocaba, SP. Training was provided through classes for both groups. For Group A, a text adapted from the material organized by the World Health Organization (2006) was used so that the community health agents could follow the activities in an interactive way. Training focused on the following topics: normal and impaired hearing; types, prevention and causes of hearing loss; procedures to identify and diagnose the hearing impairment and rehabilitation. Pre and post training questionnaires were used to assess the assimilation of the presented content. RESULTS: training demonstrated to be effective, since there was an increase in the overall score when comparing the scores obtained in the pre and post training questionnaires CONCLUSION: the results indicate the effectiveness of the training program for community health agents of a Family Health Program with the use of texts and with an interactive approach.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Community Health Workers/education , Family Health , Health Promotion , Hearing Disorders , Health Occupations/education , Program Evaluation , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care , Health Education , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Surveys , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/etiology , Hearing Disorders/prevention & control , Regional Medical Programs/organization & administration , Young Adult
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