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1.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e252071, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1440790

ABSTRACT

Este artigo analisou a percepção e os sentimentos de casais sobre o atendimento recebido nos serviços de saúde acessados em função de perda gestacional (óbito fetal ante e intraparto). O convite para a pesquisa foi divulgado em mídias sociais (Instagram e Facebook). Dos 66 casais que contataram a equipe, 12 participaram do estudo, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu em 2018. Os casais responderam conjuntamente a uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos e uma entrevista semiestruturada, realizada presencialmente (n=4) ou por videochamada (n=8). Os dados foram gravados em áudio e posteriormente transcritos. A Análise Temática indutiva das entrevistas identificou cinco temas: sentimento de impotência, iatrogenia vivida nos serviços, falta de cuidado em saúde mental, não reconhecimento da perda como evento com consequências emocionais negativas, e características do bom atendimento. Os achados demonstraram situações de violência, comunicação deficitária, desvalorização das perdas precoces, falta de suporte para contato com o bebê falecido e rotinas pouco humanizadas, especialmente durante a internação após a perda. Para aprimorar a assistência às famílias enlutadas, sugere-se qualificação profissional, ampliação da visibilidade do tema entre diferentes atores e reorganização dos serviços, considerando uma diretriz clínica para atenção ao luto perinatal, com destaque para o fortalecimento da inserção de equipes de saúde mental no contexto hospitalar.(AU)


This study analyzed couples' perceptions and feelings about pregnancy loss care (ante and intrapartum fetal death). A research invitation was published on social media (Instagram and Facebook) and data collection took place in 2018. Of the 66 couples who contacted the research team, 12 participated in the study by filling a sociodemographic questionnaire and answering a semi-structured interview in person (n=04) or by video call (n=08). All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and examined by Inductive Thematic Analysis, which identified five themes: feelings of impotence, iatrogenic experiences in health services, lack of mental health care, not recognizing pregnancy loss as an emotionally overwhelming event, and aspects of good healthcare. Analysis showed experiences of violence, poor communication, devaluation of early losses, lack of support for contact with the deceased baby, and dehumanizing routines, especially during hospitalization after loss. Professional qualification, extended pregnancy loss visibility among different stakeholders, and reorganization of health services are needed to improve the care offered to grieving families, considering a clinical guideline for perinatal grief care with emphasis on strengthening the insertion of mental health teams in the hospital context.(AU)


Este estudio analizó las percepciones y sentimientos de parejas sobre la atención recibida en los servicios de salud a los que accedieron debido a la pérdida del embarazo (muerte fetal ante e intraparto). La invitación al estudio se publicó en las redes sociales (Instagram y Facebook). De las 66 parejas que se contactaron con el equipo, 12 participaron en el estudio, cuya recolección de datos se realizó en 2018. Las parejas respondieron un formulario de datos sociodemográficos y realizaron una entrevista semiestructurada presencialmente (n=4) o por videollamada (n=08). Los datos se grabaron en audio para su posterior transcripción. El análisis temático inductivo identificó cinco temas: Sentimiento de impotencia, experiencias iatrogénicas en los servicios, falta de atención a la salud mental, falta de reconocimiento de la pérdida como un evento con consecuencias emocionales negativas y características de buena atención. Los hallazgos evidenciaron situaciones de violencia, comunicación deficiente, desvalorización de las pérdidas tempranas, falta de apoyo para el contacto con el bebé fallecido y rutinas poco humanizadas, especialmente durante la hospitalización tras la pérdida. Para mejorar la atención a las familias en duelo, se sugiere capacitación profesional, ampliación de la visibilidad del tema entre los diferentes actores y reorganización de los servicios, teniendo en cuenta una guía clínica para la atención del duelo perinatal, enfocada en fortalecer la inserción de los equipos de salud mental en el contexto hospitalario.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Middle Aged , Child Health Services , Mental Health , Humanization of Assistance , Fetal Death , Pain , Parents , Pediatrics , Perinatology , Placenta Diseases , Prejudice , Prenatal Care , Psychology , Psychology, Medical , Public Policy , Quality of Health Care , Reproduction , Syndrome , Congenital Abnormalities , Torture , Uterine Contraction , Birth Injuries , Maternity Allocation , Labor, Obstetric , Trial of Labor , Adaptation, Psychological , Abortion, Spontaneous , Child Care , Maternal-Child Nursing , Refusal to Treat , Women's Health , Patient Satisfaction , Parenting , Parental Leave , Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation , Privacy , Depression, Postpartum , Credentialing , Affect , Crying , Curettage , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted , Access to Information , Ethics, Clinical , Humanizing Delivery , Abortion, Threatened , Denial, Psychological , Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Parturition , Labor Pain , Premature Birth , Prenatal Injuries , Fetal Mortality , Abruptio Placentae , Violence Against Women , Abortion , User Embracement , Ethics, Professional , Stillbirth , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Nuchal Cord , Resilience, Psychological , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Fear , Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications , Fertility , Fetal Diseases , Prescription Drug Misuse , Hope , Prenatal Education , Courage , Psychological Trauma , Professionalism , Psychosocial Support Systems , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Psychological Distress , Obstetric Violence , Family Support , Obstetricians , Guilt , Health Services Accessibility , Hospitals, Maternity , Obstetric Labor Complications , Labor, Induced , Anger , Loneliness , Love , Midwifery , Mothers , Nursing Care
2.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e244244, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448957

ABSTRACT

Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aprimoramento da prática médica via ultrassonografia, já é possível detectar possíveis problemas no feto desde a gestação. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prática do psicólogo no contexto de gestações que envolvem riscos fetais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sob formato de relato de experiência como psicólogo residente no Serviço de Medicina Fetal da Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Os registros, feitos por observação participante e diário de campo, foram analisados em dois eixos temáticos: 1) intervenções psicológicas no trabalho em equipe em consulta de pré-natal, exame de ultrassonografia e procedimento de amniocentese; e 2) intervenções psicológicas em casos de bebês incompatíveis com a vida. Os resultados indicaram que o psicólogo nesse serviço é essencial para atuar de forma multiprofissional na assistência pré-natal para gravidezes de alto risco fetal. Ademais, a preceptoria do residente é relevante para sua formação e treinamento para atuação profissional no campo da psicologia perinatal.(AU)


Face to the technological advances and the improvement of medical practice via ultrasound, it is already possible to detect possible problems in the fetus since pregnancy. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychologist's practice in the context of pregnancies which involve fetal risks. It is a qualitative study based on an experience report as a psychologist trainee at the Fetal Medicine Service of the Maternity School of UFRJ. The records, based on the participant observation and field diary, were analyzed in two thematic axes: 1) psychological interventions in the teamwork in the prenatal attendance, ultrasound examination and amniocentesis procedure; and 2) psychological interventions in cases of babies incompatible to the life. The results indicated that the psychologist in this service is essential to work in a multidisciplinary way at the prenatal care for high fetal risk pregnancies. Furthermore, the resident's preceptorship is relevant to their education and training for professional performance in the field of Perinatal Psychology.(AU)


Con los avances tecnológicos y la mejora de la práctica médica a través de la ecografía, ya se puede detectar posibles problemas en el feto desde el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la práctica del psicólogo en el contexto de embarazos de riesgos fetal. Es un estudio cualitativo basado en un relato de experiencia como residente de psicología en el Servicio de Medicina Fetal de la Escuela de Maternidad de la Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Los registros, realizados en la observación participante y el diario de campo, se analizaron en dos ejes temáticos: 1) intervenciones psicológicas en el trabajo en equipo, en la consulta prenatal, ecografía y los procedimientos de amniocentesis; y 2) intervenciones psicológicas en casos de bebés incompatibles con la vida. Los resultados señalaron como fundamental la presencia del psicólogo en este servicio trabajando de forma multidisciplinar en la atención prenatal en el contexto de embarazos de alto riesgo fetal. Además, la tutela del residente es relevante para su educación y formación para el desempeño profesional en el campo de la Psicología Perinatal.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Psychosocial Intervention , Heart Defects, Congenital , Anxiety , Orientation , Pain , Parent-Child Relations , Parents , Paternity , Patient Care Team , Patients , Pediatrics , Placenta , Placentation , Pregnancy Complications , Pregnancy Maintenance , Prognosis , Psychoanalytic Theory , Psychology , Puerperal Disorders , Quality of Life , Radiation , Religion , Reproduction , Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena , General Surgery , Syndrome , Congenital Abnormalities , Temperance , Therapeutics , Urogenital System , Bioethics , Physicians' Offices , Infant, Premature , Labor, Obstetric , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Animal , Pregnancy Outcome , Adaptation, Psychological , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Echocardiography , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Family , Abortion, Spontaneous , Child Rearing , Child Welfare , Mental Health , Family Health , Survival Rate , Life Expectancy , Cause of Death , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Chromosome Mapping , Parental Leave , Mental Competency , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive , Down Syndrome , Perinatal Care , Comprehensive Health Care , Chemical Compounds , Depression, Postpartum , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Disabled Children , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Gravidity , Crisis Intervention , Affect , Cytogenetic Analysis , Spirituality , Complicity , Value of Life , Humanizing Delivery , Death , Decision Making , Defense Mechanisms , Abortion, Threatened , Delivery of Health Care , Dementia , Uncertainty , Organogenesis , Qualitative Research , Pregnant Women , Early Diagnosis , Premature Birth , Nuchal Translucency Measurement , Child Mortality , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Postpartum Period , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological , Ethanol , Ego , Emotions , Empathy , Environment , Humanization of Assistance , User Embracement , Ethics, Professional , Cell Nucleus Shape , Prenatal Nutrition , Cervical Length Measurement , Family Conflict , Family Therapy , Resilience, Psychological , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications , Gestational Sac , Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event , Fetal Death , Embryonic and Fetal Development , Multimodal Imaging , Mortality, Premature , Clinical Decision-Making , Pediatric Emergency Medicine , Child, Foster , Freedom , Burnout, Psychological , Birth Setting , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Psychological Distress , Genetics , Psychological Well-Being , Obstetricians , Guilt , Happiness , Health Occupations , Hospitalization , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, University , Human Development , Human Rights , Imagination , Infections , Infertility , Anencephaly , Jurisprudence , Obstetric Labor Complications , Licensure , Life Change Events , Life Support Care , Loneliness , Love , Medical Staff, Hospital , Intellectual Disability , Morals , Mothers , Narcissism , Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities , Neonatology , Nervous System Malformations , Object Attachment
3.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e250825, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448939

ABSTRACT

As identidades transmasculinas ganharam visibilidade social e acadêmica no Brasil a partir de 2010, contudo, as questões subjetivas dos homens trans ainda são pouco debatidas, em particular temas associados aos relacionamentos afetivos na experiência desses sujeitos. Este estudo qualitativo tem por objetivo identificar as percepções e expectativas dos homens trans acerca dos relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais no cenário pós-transição de gênero. Participaram da pesquisa 15 homens transexuais hormonizados, com idades entre 20 e 41 anos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada nas modalidades presencial e on-line. Empregou-se análise temática reflexiva, que resultou em dois temas analíticos. Os resultados apontam que os homens trans, ao contrário de suas expectativas iniciais, percebem que tiveram menos oportunidades de relacionamentos afetivo-sexuais depois de sua transição de gênero. Os participantes atribuem essa dificuldade especialmente ao fato de não terem se submetido à cirurgia de redesignação sexual. O desconforto é acentuado por sua materialidade corpórea divergente da cisnormatividade, sistema regulador que associa pessoas pertencentes ao gênero masculino à presença de um pênis. Outra fonte de desconforto é o repúdio social, que alimenta a abjeção, exotização e fetichização dos corpos transmasculinos. Também são descritas as especificidades do relacionamento dos homens trans com mulheres cisgênero, heterossexuais e lésbicas. Os resultados evidenciam que a fixação persistente no genital, como referente e signo determinante do gênero e da sexualidade, modula e regula a busca e o encontro de parceira(o) íntima(o).(AU)


Transmasculine identities have gained social and academic visibility in Brazil since 2010, but subjective issues, especially those associated with affective relationships, are still little discussed. This qualitative study sought to identify trans men's perceptions and expectations regarding post-transition affective-sexual relationships. A total of 15 transsexual men undergoing hormone therapy, aged between 20 and 41 years, participated in the research. Data were collected by means of in-person and online semi-structured interviews and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, which resulted in two analytical themes. Results show that trans men, differently from their initial expectations, perceive fewer opportunities for affective-sexual relationships after their gender transition. The participants attribute this difficulty, especially, to the fact that they have not undergone sexual reassignment surgery. Discomfort isaccentuated by their bodily materiality diverging from cisnormativity, the regulatory system that associates people belonging to the male gender with the presence of a penis. Another source of discomfort is the social repudiation, which reinforces the abjection, exoticization, and fetishization of transmasculine bodies. The specifics of trans men's relationships with cisgender, heterosexual, and lesbian women are also described. The results show that the persistent fixation on the genital, as a referent and determinant sign of gender and sexuality, modulates and regulates the search for and encounter of intimate partners.(AU)


Las identidades transmasculinas han ganado visibilidad social y académica en Brasil desde 2010, sin embargo, las cuestiones subjetivas de los hombres trans son aún poco discutidas, en particular las cuestiones asociadas a las relaciones afectivas en la experiencia de estos sujetos. Este estudio cualitativo tiene como objetivo identificar las percepciones y expectativas de los hombres trans sobre las relaciones afectivo-sexuales después de la transición de género. Participaron en la investigación 15 hombres transexuales hormonados, de edades comprendidas entre los 20 y los 41 años. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante una entrevista semiestructurada en las modalidades presencial y en línea. Se realizó un análisis temático reflexivo, que dio como resultado dos temas analíticos. Los resultados muestran que los hombres trans, al contrario de sus expectativas iniciales, perciben que han tenido menos oportunidades de relaciones afectivo-sexuales después de su transición de género. Los participantes atribuyen esta dificultad especialmente al hecho de no haberse sometido a cirugía de reasignación sexual. La incomodidad se acentúa por su materialidad corpórea divergente de la cisnormatividad, un sistema normativo según el cual las personas pertenecientes al género masculino deben tener pene. Otra fuente de malestar es el repudio social, que alimenta la abyección, la exotización y la fetichización de los cuerpos transmasculinos. También se describen las especificidades de las relaciones de los hombres trans con las mujeres heterosexuales, cisgénero y lesbianas. Los resultados muestran que la persistente fijación en los genitales, como referente y signo determinante del género y la sexualidad, modula y regula la búsqueda y el encuentro de parejas íntimas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Transsexualism , Marriage , Spouses , Transgender Persons , Gender Identity , Personality Development , Prejudice , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Psychosexual Development , Self Care , Self Concept , Sexual Behavior , Gonadal Steroid Hormones , Single Person , Social Identification , Social Problems , Sociology , Voice , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Body Image , Bisexuality , Family , Homosexuality , Mental Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Civil Rights , Mammaplasty , Marital Status , Interview , Coitus , Homosexuality, Female , Affect , Access to Information , Delivery of Health Care , Ego , Erotica , Gender and Health , User Embracement , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Masculinity , Reproductive Health , Sexual Health , Homophobia , Pessimism , Gender Dysphoria , Gender-Based Violence , Political Activism , Gender Diversity , Monosexuality , Cisgender Persons , Gender Binarism , Gender Stereotyping , Gender Performativity , Gender-Specific Needs , Burnout, Psychological , Sadness , Respect , Body Dissatisfaction , Psychological Distress , Intersex Persons , Social Comparison , Social Inclusion , Gender Equity , Gender Role , Health Disparate Minority and Vulnerable Populations , Health Policy , Human Rights , Identification, Psychological , Identity Crisis , Individuation , Introversion, Psychological
4.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 21: e57364, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1384515

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender os significados e experiências de mulheres que vivenciaram o parto domiciliar planejado assistido por enfermeira obstétrica e a motivação (das mulheres) para essa escolha. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, com 16 mulheres, realizado por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisado pelos pressupostos da análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: as mulheres vivenciaram o parto com tranquilidade, autonomia e respeito, escolheram as posições e as pessoas de sua preferência. O parto teve significado de vitória e de libertação, cuja experiência foi descrita como inesquecível, fantástica, intensa e protagonizada pela mulher. O descontentamento com o modelo de assistência vigente, a participação em grupo de gestantes, o acesso a informações e a vivência de violência obstétrica anterior motivaram as mulheres a optarem pelo parto domiciliar. Considerações finais: as experiências das mulheres convergem para o exercício da autonomia e respeito à individualidade. Evidencia-se o protagonismo das mulheres que vivenciaram um parto natural e livre de intervenções. A assistência obstétrica foi centrada nas necessidades da parturiente, proporcionou confiança, segurança, tranquilidade e respeito às suas escolhas. Aponta-se a necessidade de ampliar a assistência ao parto por enfermeiras obstétricas às mulheres que desejam o parto domiciliar planejado. Políticas públicas de assistência ao parto podem viabilizar isso.


RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los significados y las experiencias de las mujeres que vivieron el parto domiciliario planificado asistido por enfermera obstétrica y la motivación (de las mujeres) para esta elección. Metodología: estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, con 16 mujeres, realizado a través de entrevista semiestructurada y analizado por los supuestos del análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: las mujeres experimentaron el parto con tranquilidad, autonomía y respeto, eligieron las posiciones y las personas de su preferencia. El parto tuvo un significado de victoria y liberación, cuya experiencia se describió como inolvidable, fantástica, intensa y protagonizada por la mujer. La insatisfacción con el modelo de atención actual, la participación en grupo de mujeres embarazadas, el acceso a informaciones y la experiencia de violencia obstétrica anterior motivaron a las mujeres a optar por el parto domiciliario. Consideraciones finales: las experiencias de las mujeres convergen para el ejercicio de la autonomía y respeto a la individualidad. Se evidencia el protagonismo de las mujeres que experimentaron un parto natural y libre de intervenciones. La atención obstétrica se centró en las necesidades de la parturienta, proporcionó confianza, seguridad, tranquilidad y respeto con sus elecciones. Se señala la necesidad de ampliar la atención al parto por enfermeras obstétricas a las mujeres que desean el parto domiciliario planificado. Las políticas públicas de atención al parto pueden hacer esto posible.


ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the meanings and experiences of women who dealt with planned home birth assisted by a nurse midwife and the motivation (of these women) for this choice. Methodology: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, with 16 women, performed by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed by the assumptions of thematic content analysis. Results: the women experienced childbirth with tranquility, autonomy and respect, and they chose the positions and people of their preference. Childbirth had a meaning of victory and liberation, whose experience was described as unforgettable, fantastic, intense and carried out by the woman. The dissatisfaction with the current model of care, the participation in a group for pregnant women, the access to information and the experience of previous obstetric violence motivated women to choose home birth. Final considerations: the women's experiences converge towards the exercise of autonomy and respect for individuality. The leading role of women who experienced a natural birth and free of interventions, should be highlighted. Obstetric care was focused on the parturient woman's needs, provided confidence, security, tranquility and respect for her choices. There is a need to expand childbirth care provided by nurse midwives to women who wish to have a planned home birth. Public policies for childbirth care can make this possible.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Home Childbirth/nursing , Nurse Midwives/standards , Women/psychology , Humanizing Delivery , Parturition/physiology , Pregnant Women/psychology , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Doulas/psychology , Life Change Events , Motivation/physiology , Natural Childbirth/nursing
5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 28(3): 126-131, jul./set. 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491713

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o comportamento de cães de responsáveis brasileiros, através do Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) e estabelecer se estes comportamentos apresentam relação significativa com a idade, sexo e castração do animal. O questionário foi respondido pelos participantes entre novembro de 2018 a abril de 2020. As amostras foram divididas de acordo com o sexo (fêmeas ou machos), a idade (um ano ou menos, de um a três anos, de três a sete anos, de sete a dez anos ou mais de dez anos) e o status reprodutivo do animal (castrados ou inteiros). Para cada questionário respondido, foram calculados os escores das 14 categorias de comportamento investigados pelo C-BARQ e, através do programa Biostat 5.3, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman com nível de significância de 5% para avaliar a correlação entre estes escores com os fatores idade, sexo e status reprodutivo dos animais. Os resultados sugerem maiores escores de comportamentos agressivos em cães mais velhos e em cães castrados. A castração também obteve associação com maiores escores de medo de outros cães. Os achados evidenciam necessidade de estudos que busquem investigar de que modo a castração se vincula com estes comportamentos que podem comprometer a convivência entre o responsável e seu cão.


This study investigated Brazilian’s dogs behavior through the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) and establish if these behaviors have a significant relationship with the age, sex and neutering status of the animal. The questionnaire was answered by owners between November 2018 and April 2020. The sample was divided according to sex (female or male), age (one year or less, from one to three years, from three to seven years, from seven to ten years or more than ten years) and the reproductive status of the animal (neutered or not). For each questionnaire answered, the scores of the 14 behavior categories investigated by C-BARQ were calculated and Spearman’s correlation coefficient with a significance level of 5% was used to assess the correlation between these scores with the factors age, sex and reproductive status of the animals (Biostat 5.3 program). The results suggest higher scores for aggressive behavior in older dogs and in neutered dogs. Neutering was also associated with higher scores of fear from other dogs. The findings suggest the need for studies that seek to investigate how castration is linked to these behaviors that can deteriorate the owner-dog relationship.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Animals , Dogs , Castration/veterinary , Behavior, Animal , Dogs , Age and Sex Distribution , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
6.
Rev. biol. trop ; 69(supl. 1)mar. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1507762

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El aumento de los valores del CO2 atmosférico y el consecuente calentamiento del agua de mar constituyen factores de estrés para los ecosistemas marinos, renovando el interés en la fisiología de los equinoideos. El equinoideo Arbacia dufresnii es una especie ampliamente estudiada y con amplia distribución en los golfos norpatagónicos. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de temperatura del agua de mar sobre su morfología y reproducción. Métodos: Individuos de A. dufresnii fueron expuestos durante 10 semanas (Abril-Junio 2016) a tres tratamientos de temperatura (13 °C control, 15 °C y 17 °C) de acuerdo con las condiciones actuales del agua de mar y los valores esperados para el próximo siglo, según diferentes escenarios estimados. Al finalizar el experimento, diámetro y peso del individuo así como los pesos de los órganos internos fueron estadística e histológicamente analizados. Resultados: Se observó una mayor mortalidad en los individuos expuestos a las mayores temperaturas lo que podría deberse a un estrés en el individuo. Para el tratamiento control y el de 17 °C no se observaron cambios en los pesos secos de gónadas e intestino. En cambio, los individuos expuestos a 15 °C presentaron un aumento en el diámetro del caparazón y en el peso seco de gónadas e intestino. Los estadios gonadales aesta temperatura (15 °C) para machos fueron similares al ambiente a diferencia de las hembras que se observaron estadios más avanzados. Conclusiones: Esto indicaría que 15 °C podría ser la temperatura óptima para la asimilación del alimento y obtención de energía. A esta temperatura se observan cambios a corto plazo en los órganos de metabolismo rápido pero no en los órganos calcificados (caparazón y linterna de Aristóteles).


Introduction: The increase in atmospheric CO2 values and the consequent warming of seawater constitute stressors for marine ecosystems, renovating interest in echinoid physiology. The echinoid Arbacia dufresnii is a widely studied species with a wide distribution in the North Patagonian gulfs. Objective: Evaluate the effect of seawater temperature on its morphology and reproduction. Methods: Individuals were exposed for 10 weeks (April-June 2016) to three temperature treatments (13 °C control, 15 °C and 17 °C) according to the current conditions of seawater and the expected values for the next century. At the end of the experiment, diameter and weight of the whole individual and of its internal organs were statistically and histologically analyzed. Results: Individuals exposed to higher temperatures died in greater numbers. The control, and the 17 °C treatment, had no changes in dry gonad and intestine weights. However, the 15 °C group had wider diameter of test and a higher dry weight of gonads and intestine. At this temperature, the gonadal stages for males were similar to the environment, but females had more advanced stages. Conclusions: Temperature of 15°C could be optimal for assimilating food and obtaining energy. Gonads and intestine would be showing changes in the short term, unlike the calcified organs (test and Aristotle's lantern).


Subject(s)
Animals , Sea Urchins/growth & development , Carbon Dioxide , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Argentina , Sea Urchins/anatomy & histology , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Gonads
7.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 103-103, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-922197

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Exposure to the ionizing radiation (IR) encountered outside the magnetic field of the Earth poses a persistent threat to the reproductive functions of astronauts. The potential effects of space IR on the circadian rhythms of male reproductive functions have not been well characterized so far.@*METHODS@#Here, we investigated the circadian effects of IR exposure (3 Gy X-rays) on reproductive functional markers in mouse testicular tissue and epididymis at regular intervals over a 24-h day. For each animal, epididymis was tested for sperm motility, and the testis tissue was used for daily sperm production (DSP), testosterone levels, and activities of testicular enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and acid phosphatase (ACP)), and the clock genes mRNA expression such as Clock, Bmal1, Ror-α, Ror-β, or Ror-γ.@*RESULTS@#Mice exposed to IR exhibited a disruption in circadian rhythms of reproductive markers, as indicated by decreased sperm motility, increased daily sperm production (DSP), and reduced activities of testis enzymes such as G6PDH, SDH, LDH, and ACP. Moreover, IR exposure also decreased mRNA expression of five clock genes (Clock, Bmal1, Ror-α, Ror-β, or Ror-γ) in testis, with alteration in the rhythm parameters.@*CONCLUSION@#These findings suggested potential health effects of IR exposure on reproductive functions of male astronauts, in terms of both the daily overall level as well as the circadian rhythmicity.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics , Acid Phosphatase , CLOCK Proteins/genetics , Circadian Rhythm/radiation effects , Epididymis/radiation effects , Gene Expression/radiation effects , Genitalia, Male/radiation effects , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase , L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Models, Animal , Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics , Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 2/genetics , Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Radiation Exposure , Radiation, Ionizing , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena/radiation effects , Sperm Motility/radiation effects , Spermatozoa/radiation effects , Testis/radiation effects
8.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 18(3): e190133, 2020. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1135401

ABSTRACT

The reproductive biology and life cycle of Parona leatherjacket, Parona signata, present in Mar del Plata (38º 00'S 57º 33'W) coast, was studied. Samples were obtained monthly since January 2018 to February 2019 from the artisanal fishermen and the commercial fleet of Mar del Plata. A histological analysis was carried out and the main biologic-reproductive parameters were estimated: fecundity, oocyte frequency distribution and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Both the macroscopic and microscopic analyses showed reproductive activity in March and November. Mature females were recorded, which showed hydrated oocytes, as was evidenced by the histological procedures. Both, the histological and the oocyte diameter distribution analyses showed the presence of all oocyte maturation stages in ovaries in active-spawning subphase, indicating that P. signata is a multiple spawner with indeterminate annual fecundity. Batch fecundity ranged between 36,426 and 126,035 hydrated oocytes/ female. Relative fecundity ranged between 42 and 150 oocytes/ g female ovary free.(AU)


Se estudió la biología reproductiva y el ciclo de vida de la palometa pintada, Parona signata en Mar del Plata (38°00'S 57°33'O). Las muestras fueron obtenidas mensualmente desde enero de 2018, hasta febrero de 2019, provenientes de la pesca artesanal y/o de la flota comercial de la localidad Mar del Plata. Además, se llevó a cabo un análisis histológico y se estimaron los principales parámetros reproductivos tales como: la fecundidad, análisis de la distribución de la frecuencia de diámetros ovocitarios e índice gonadosomático (GSI) mensual. Tanto el análisis macroscópico como el microscópico permitieron afirmar que en los meses de marzo y noviembre existe actividad reproductiva. Se encontraron hembras en puesta, las cuales presentaron ovocitos hidratados en los cortes histológicos. Ambos, los análisis histológicos y de distribución de la frecuencia de diámetros oocitarios mostraron la presencia de todas las fases de maduración oocitaria en ovarios correspondientes a la sub-fase de desove activo, indicando que P. signata es un desovante parcial con fecundidad anual indeterminada. La fecundidad parcial osciló entre 36.426 y 126.035 oocitos hidratados/hembra. La fecundidad relativa varió entre 42 y 150 ovocitos por gramo de hembra libre de ovario.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Perciformes/anatomy & histology , Reproductive Behavior , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Marine Environment , Fisheries
9.
Rev. Eugenio Espejo ; 13(1): 88-102, Ene-Jul. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1006794

ABSTRACT

El embarazo y el parto constituyen hechos trascendentales en la vida de la mujer; son momentos de alta carga sentimental y emocional, que implican múltiples cambios biológicos en la madre. Estos constituyen procesos que pueden estar marcados por diferentes factores de riesgo que están presentes muchas veces en la etapa preconcepcional y que se exacerban entre las embarazadas adolescentes. Al respecto se presenta una revisión bibliográfica que recoge información teórica, epidemiológica y sobre algunas formas para prevenir los respectivos factores predisponentes.


Pregnancy and childbirth are transcendental events in the life of women. They are moments of high sentimental and emotional charge, which imply multiple biological changes in the mother. These ones constitute processes that can be marked by different risk factors that are present many times in the preconceptional stage and that are exacerbated among pregnant adolescents. In this regard, a bibliographic review is presented, which gathers theoretical and epidemiologi-cal information and some ways to prevent the respective predisposing factors.


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Pregnancy Complications , Primary Prevention , Disease Prevention , Reproduction , Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
10.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 41: e46517, 20190000. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1460895

ABSTRACT

In this study, we evaluated the semen quality of Cachara (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) raised in captivity during its reproductive period. For the evaluation of qualitative parameters, we analyzed: sperm morphology, sperm motility, and sperm vigor;while for the quantitative parameter, we analyzed sperm concentration. In general, the main significant difference was found in March, with a motility rate of 40% and a duration of 39 seconds. The highest mean concentration (1.2x10⁸) was observed in February, as well as the highest percentage of defects in the intermediate part of the spermatozoa (59%). The morphological analysis of spermatozoa showed an average of 24.2% abnormalities in the head and 22.7% in the intermediate part of spermatozoa of P. fasciatumfor the four months studied. We did not find any evident relationship between the climate changes evaluated and the qualitative and quantitative parameters. The greatest difference between the percentage of normal spermatozoa and the sharp increase of defects in the intermediate piece, observed in February, can be explained by the sudden climate change, with a significant decrease in temperature and relative humidity, and increase in precipitation. These findings demonstrate the importance of maintaining an optimum climate interval during the breeding season for P.fasciatum.


Subject(s)
Animals , Semen Analysis , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Catfishes/physiology
12.
Evid. actual. práct. ambul ; 22(4): e002015, 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1052839

ABSTRACT

El hipotiroidismo subclínico suele ser identificado como un cuadro que disminuye la capacidad reproductiva de las mujeresy está asociado a un riesgo aumentado de complicaciones perinatales. A partir de un caso clínico real, revisamos laevidencia disponible y encontramos que existen pruebas que contradicen este conocimiento tradicional sobre el pronósticoy la necesidad de tratamiento de este cuadro. (AU)


Subclinical hypothyroidism is usually identified as a condition that decreases the reproductive capacity of women and isassociated with a higher risk of perinatal complications. From a real clinical case, we review the available evidence andfound that there is evidence that contradicts this traditional knowledge about the prognosis and the need for treatment ofthis condition. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Reproduction , Hypothyroidism/embryology , Hypothyroidism/drug therapy , Quality of Life , Thyroxine/adverse effects , Thyroxine/therapeutic use , Perinatal Mortality/trends , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Patient Preference , Fertility , Hypothyroidism/etiology , Hypothyroidism/genetics
13.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 39(spe3): e228604, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1135826

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo constitui-se num relato de experiências de profissionais da Psicologia vivenciadas nos Centros de Cidadania LGBT do Programa Rio sem Homofobia, no período em que este programa e seus Centros de Cidadania estiveram plenamente ativos e presentes em diferentes pontos do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Este programa é vinculado à Superintendência de Direitos Individuais, Coletivos e Difusos da então Secretaria de Assistência Social e Direitos Humanos do estado do Rio de Janeiro (SUPERDir/SEASDH) e tem como objetivos gerais o combate às homo, lesbo, bi e transfobias, bem como a promoção da cidadania LGBT. A partir de alguns casos por nós acompanhados, discutimos possibilidades de intervenção que se colocassem ao lado do movimento de ampliação da potência de vida dos(as) usuários(as) do serviço, principalmente pela proposta de intervenções interdisciplinares e articuladas com o contexto da demanda e/ou violação. Desta forma, reiteramos a importância de construirmos o campo das práticas psi atravessado por um trabalho em rede pautado por questões relacionadas aos Direitos Humanos, movimento social e políticas públicas.(AU)


This article is a narrative of the experiences of psychology professionals working in the LGBT Citizenship Centers of the Rio without Homophobia Programme, in the period in which this program and its Citizenship Centers were fully active and present in different parts of the state of Rio de Janeiro. This program is linked to the Superintendence of Individual, Collective and Diffuse Rights of the Department of Social Assistance and Human Rights of the state of Rio de Janeiro (SUPERDir/SEASDH) and has as general objectives the combat against homo, lesbo, bi and transphobia, as well as the promotion of LGBT citizenship. From a few cases we monitored, we discussed possibilities for intervention that were placed alongside the movement to increase the potency of life of the users of the service, mainly by the proposal of interdisciplinary interventions and articulations with the context of demand and/or violation. In this way, we reiterate the importance of constructing the field of psi practices through a networked work based on issues related to Human Rights, social movement and public policies.(AU)


Este artículo es un informe de las experiencias de los profesionales de psicología que vivieron en los Centros de Ciudadanía LGBT de Río sin el Programa de Homofobia, durante el período en que este programa y sus Centros de Ciudadanía estuvieron completamente activos y presentes en diferentes partes del estado de Río de Janeiro. Este programa está vinculado a la Superintendencia de Individuos, Colectivos y Difusos de la entonces Secretaría de Asistencia Social y Derechos Humanos del estado de Río de Janeiro (SUPERDir/SEASDH) y tiene como objetivos generales la lucha contra el homo, lesbo, bi y transfobías, así como la promoción de la ciudadanía LGBT. Con base en algunos casos que hemos seguido, discutimos las posibilidades de intervención que se colocarían junto con el movimiento para aumentar el poder de servicio de los usuarios del servicio, principalmente debido a la propuesta de intervenciones interdisciplinarias y articuladas con el contexto de demanda y / o violación Por lo tanto, reiteramos la importancia de construir el campo de las prácticas psi atravesadas por una red basada en temas relacionados con los Derechos Humanos, el movimiento social y las políticas públicas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychology , Public Policy , Gender Diversity , Gender Identity , Human Rights , Anxiety , Pain , Pathologic Processes , Personality , Personality Development , Pleasure-Pain Principle , Prejudice , Psychiatry , Psychoanalysis , Psychological Phenomena , Psychology, Social , Psychosexual Development , Rejection, Psychology , Religion , Schizophrenia , Schools , Sex , Sexual Behavior , Sex Education , Shame , Social Change , Social Desirability , Social Justice , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Social Values , Stereotyping , Awareness , Suicide , Taboo , Therapeutics , Transsexualism , Universities , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Brazil , Bisexuality , Sex Counseling , Adaptation, Psychological , Homeopathic Cure , Child Abuse , Records , Mental Health , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV , Sexual Harassment , Homosexuality, Male , Homosexuality, Female , Sexuality , Sexual and Gender Disorders , Crime , Personal Autonomy , Executive , Narration , Aggression , Human Rights Abuses , Diagnosis , Emotions , User Embracement , Expert Testimony , Family Conflict , Stalking , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Femininity , Masculinity , Pleasure , Sex Reassignment Surgery , Bullying , Social Stigma , Sexual Health , Social Discrimination , Medicalization , Social Norms , Gender Dysphoria , Psychosocial Support Systems , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Political Activism , Social Oppression , Social Construction of Gender , Gender Expression , Sexual Vulnerability , Androcentrism , Gender Performativity , Gender-Specific Needs , Freedom , Embarrassment , Psychological Distress , Empowerment , Social Inclusion , Social Evolution , Social Defeat , Emotional Abuse , Social Interaction , Social Representation , Social Status , Belonging , Diversity, Equity, Inclusion , School Violence , Voting , Puberty Suppression , Psychological Growth , Coping Skills , Emotional Exhaustion , Human Plurality , Guilt , Health Planning , Identification, Psychological , Interpersonal Relations , Anger , Lobbying , Mental Disorders , Mental Health Services , Morale
14.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 55(2): 133937, 26 jul. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-913005

ABSTRACT

Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) determines luteolysis in cattle, and the ability to manipulate its endogenous synthesis is indispensible for large-scale animal breeding. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) modulate several molecular pathways in endometrial cells, including the synthesis of PGF2α; however, its specific mechanisms are still not totally known. This study investigated the production in vitro and possible modulation of endometrial PGF2α due to a local effect of endogenous E2 in the ipsilateral uterine horn (UH) containing the dominant follicle (DF) or from P4 in ipsilateral horn containing the corpus luteum (CL). The PGF2α stimulators oxytocin (OT) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) were incubated with endometrial explants, and PGF2α content was measured. For that, cycling cows were synchronized, the development of DF and CL was examined by ultrasonography and on the seventh day of the estrous cycle, endometrial explants were collected and cultured in medium supplemented with 10-6 M PDBu or 10-6 M OT or non-supplemented. Media samples were collected immediately after treatment and 60 min later. Radioimmunoassay showed that the PGF2α content of the UH ipsilateral to the DF was 49% less than that of the contralateral UH (8.22 ± 0.95 vs. 12.24 ± 0.95 pg/mL/mg tissue, respectively; P < 0.01). However, the PGF2α levels did not differ between the UHs as a function of the CL position (9.46 ± 0.95 vs. 11 ± 0.95 pg/mL/mg; P > 0.05). The cellular stimulators promoted an increase in PGF2α synthesis (P < 0.02), and the effects differed among the animals (P < 0.04). The PGF2a production was higher in the explants treated with PDBu rather than OT (13.68 ± 1.16 vs. 10.01 ± 1.16 pg/mL/mg tissue, respectively; P < 0.05). In conclusion, PGF2α synthesis is modulated by the presence of the DF (local E2) but not the CL (local P4), and both PDBu and OT stimulated PGF2a synthesis.(AU)


A prostaglandina F2α (PGF2α) determina a luteólise em bovinos. A capacidade de manipular sua síntese endógena é indispensável para a produção animal em grande escala. O estradiol (E2) e a progesterona (P4) modulam diversas vias moleculares das células endometriais, incluindo a síntese de PGF2α; no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre seus mecanismos específicos. Este trabalho investigou a produção in vitro e a possível modulação da PGF2α endometrial devido a um efeito local do E2 endógeno no corno uterino ipsilateral ao folículo dominante (FD) ou da P4 no corno ipsilateral ao corpo lúteo (CL). Os estimuladores de PGF2α oxitocina (OT) e 12,23-dibutirato de forbol (PDBu) foram incubados com explantes endometriais, e o conteúdo de PGF2α foi mensurado. Para tal, vacas cíclicas foram sincronizadas, o desenvolvimento de FD e CL foi examinado por ultrassonografia, e no 17º dia do ciclo estral os explantes endometriais foram coletados e cultivados em meio ou suplementados com PDBu 10-6M ou 10-6M OT. As amostras de meio foram coletadas imediatamente após o tratamento e sessenta minutos depois. O radioimunoensaio mostrou que o conteúdo de PGF2α do corno ipsilateral ao FD foi 49% menor que o do corno contralateral (8,22 ± 0,95 vs. 12,24 ± 0,95 pg/mL/mg de tecido, respectivamente, P < 0,01). No entanto, os níveis de PGF2α não diferiram entre os cornos em função da posição do CL (9,46 ± 0,95 versus 11 ± 0,95 pg/mL/mg; P > 0,05). Os estimuladores celulares promoveram um aumento na síntese de PGF2α (P < 0,02), e os efeitos diferiram entre os animais (P < 0,04). A produção de PGF2α foi maior nos explantes tratados com PDBu em comparação à OT (13,68 ± 1,16 versus 10,01 ± 1,16 pg/mL/mg de tecido, respectivamente, P < 0,05). A conclusão obtida foi que a síntese de PGF2α é: modulada pela presença do FD (E2 local), mas não do CL (P4 local); e estimulada por PDBu e OT.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Dinoprost/therapeutic use , Luteolysis , Endometrium , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Ovarian Follicle , In Vitro Techniques/veterinary
15.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 55(1): 1-16, 2 abr. 2018. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-912690

ABSTRACT

Human-wildlife conflicts, a growing and sad reality worldwide, makes population control of wildlife and feral animals one of the biggest challenges in wildlife management, especially due to the rapidly expanding human population, and consequently the ever-diminishing natural habitats of animals. Human activities and the destruction of nature forcing wildlife to move inevitably into urban and agricultural areas, causing "conflicts", such as the risk of zoonosis and traffic accidents, as well as damage to crops in the search for food, whose losses reach millions of dollars. For decades, science has been engaged in extensive efforts to develop methods of "humane" population control methods, and many techniques are being employed in order to control wildlife population. In this article, we present an overview of applied contraceptive methods with simplified graphic demonstrations of their interactions with reproductive physiology, furthermore relating pro and contra of utilized antifertility agents. These are being compared to a set of desired characteristics for free-ranging wildlife for in-field applications, with emphasis on reversible immunocontraception ­ concluding, therefore, the reasons why this concept is becoming the most appropriate and promising for free-ranging wildlife.(AU)


Os conflitos Humanos-Animais Selvagens são uma realidade crescente e triste no mundo inteiro, tornando o controle populacional da fauna silvestre e animais ferais o maior desafio, principalmente diante do crescimento da população humana e, consequentemente, da diminuição dos habitats naturais dos animais. As atividades humanas e a destruição da natureza, forçam os animais de vida livre a se dirigirem para áreas urbanas e agrícolas, inevitavelmente, causando conflitos, como o risco de zoonoses, acidentes de trânsito, bem como danos às plantações, quando em busca de alimentos, cujo prejuízo chega a milhões de dólares. Durante décadas, a ciência esteve empenhada em esforços extensivos para desenvolver métodos de controle populacional "humano"; e muitas técnicas foram utilizadas, a fim de se realizar um controle populacional destes animais silvestres. Neste artigo será apresentada uma visão geral dos métodos anticoncepcionais aplicados, com demonstrações gráficas simplificadas de suas interações com a fisiologia reprodutiva, bem como relacionando os prós e os contras dos agentes antifertilidade empregados; também serão comparados com um conjunto de características desejadas para as aplicações em fauna a campo, com ênfase em imunocontracepção reversível, concluindo assim, com as razões do porque este conceito torna-se o mais apropriado e promissor para animais silvestres de vida livre.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Wild/physiology , Contraception/veterinary , Population Control/methods , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena/drug effects , Environmental Imbalance/prevention & control
16.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 54(1): e17261, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951916

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Equigan is an anabolic steroid that has been developed for veterinary use and derived from endogenous sex hormone testosterone that plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissue as well as in puberty and spermatogenesis. The current study is aimed to investigate the possible prophylactic effect of star anise extracts (SAE) on the toxicity of rat testes, sexual hormones alternations, sperm count, sperm abnormalities and testicular DNA damage by Equigan. Forty adult male rats were equally divided into four groups (1st Control group, 2nd SAE group, 3rd Equigan and 4th Equigan+SAE group). Food and fluid intakes, relative body weight, potassium, chloride, phosphorous, non-progressive and immotile sperms were significantly increased in Equigan group as compared to control group. In contrast; relative testes weight, sodium, magnesium, total calcium, testosterone, FSH, LH, PRL, sperm count, progressive motility, and viability showed a significant decrease in Equigan group as compared to control groups. The relative weight of epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostates and serum calcium ions didn't change significantly in different studied groups. Co-administration of SAE with Equigan improved the sexual toxicity, electrolyte alternations, sperm count, abnormalities and DNA damage induced by Equigan.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Plant Extracts/analysis , Reproductive Techniques , Illicium/adverse effects , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Spermatogenesis/drug effects , Bodily Secretions , DNA Fragmentation/drug effects , Fertility Agents, Male/analysis , Anabolic Agents/pharmacology
17.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(3): 830-836, maio-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-911533

ABSTRACT

As calopsitas são consideradas aves monogâmicas, atingem a maturidade sexual aos 12 meses, com postura variando entre três a sete ovos. São classificadas como granívoros, embora alguns estudos tenham demonstrado uma grande diversidade nos hábitos alimentares. Este trabalho foi realizado em caráter investigativo, com o objetivo de comparar o efeito de dietas na reprodução de calopsitas, assim como efetuar um levantamento dos parâmetros reprodutivos da espécie. O experimento foi feito na Universidade Federal de Lavras. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando-se o GLM do SAS (Statistical Analysis System, Cary, NC, USA). A variável ordem de postura apresentou significância (P<0,1) com as variáveis espessura da casca, peso do ovo e tempo de eclosão. A variável peso do ovo apresentou significância (P<0,1) com as variáveis, ordem de postura e largura do ovo. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo suportam a conclusão de que a dieta formulada conseguiu suprir as necessidades nutricionais das calopsitas na fase reprodutiva, não afetando a qualidade e a fertilidade dos ovos.(AU)


Cockatiels are monogamous birds that reach sexual maturity at twelve months, with posture ranging from three to seven eggs. They are classified as granivores, although some studies have shown a great diversity in eating habits. This work was performed in investigative character, in order to compare the effect of diet on reproduction of cockatiels and perform a survey of reproductive parameters of the species. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Lavras. Statistical analyzes were performed using the SAS GLM (Statistical Analysis System, Cary, NC, USA). The variable order posture showed significance (P<0.1) with the variables, shell thickness, egg weight and time of hatching. The variable egg weight showed significance (P<0.1) with the variables posture order and width of the egg. The results found in this study support the conclusion that the formulated diet was able to satisfy the nutritional needs of the calopsitas in the reproductive phase, not affecting the quality and the fertility of the eggs.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cockatoos/metabolism , Cockatoos/physiology , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
18.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 16(2): [e170006], jun. 2018. mapas, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-948558

ABSTRACT

This contribution records the reproductive periods of ten dominant freshwater fish species from the Patos Lagoon and Guaíba Lake (Astyanax fasciatus, Cyphocharax voga, Hoplias malabaricus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Oligosarcus robustus, Hoplosternum littorale, Loricariichthys anus, Parapimelodus nigribarbis, Trachelyopterus lucenai, Pachyurus bonariensis). Data were derived from monthly samples in Casamento Lake (northern Patos Lagoon; Nov. 2002 to Apr. 2004) and Guaíba Lake (Jun. 2005 to May 2006). The reproductive period was determined according to the monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Fish reproduction was identified during all months of the year. Oligosarcus jenynsii started reproduction in winter, but extended spawning to spring (early warming-water reproduction). Three species also presented reproduction during warming water months, but beginning in spring and finishing in summer (late warm-water reproduction): P. nigribarbis, T. lucenai and P. bonariensis. Three species presented relatively short reproduction periods on summer (spotted warm-water reproduction): H. malabaricus, H. littorale and L. anus, and only one species reproduces almost continuously during warmer waters (long-season warm-water reproduction): A. fasciatus. Finally, two other species presented a very distinct reproductive pattern, starting reproduction on late summer but increasing GSI values along autumn and winter (long-season cooling-water reproducers): C. voga and O. robustus.(AU)


Esta pesquisa registra o período reprodutivo de dez espécies de peixes dulcícolas dominantes na região límnica da Laguna dos Patos e Lago Guaíba (Astyanax fasciatus, Cyphocharax voga, Hoplias malabaricus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Oligosarcus robustus, Hoplosternum littorale, Loricariichthys anus, Parapimelodus nigribarbis, Trachelyopterus lucenai, Pachyurus bonariensis). Os dados derivam de amostras mensais realizadas na Lagoa do Casamento (Nordeste da Laguna dos Patos; Nov. 2002 a Abr. 2004) e no Lago Guaíba (Jun. 2005 a Maio 2006). A reprodução de peixes foi identificada durante todos os meses do ano. Oligosarcus jenynsii iniciou a reprodução no inverno, mas prolongou a desova até a primavera (reprodução no início do ciclo de aquecimento da água). Três espécies também apresentaram reprodução durante os meses de aquecimento da água, mas começando na primavera e terminando no verão (reprodução tardia do ciclo de aquecimento da água): P. nigribarbis, T. lucenai e P. bonariensis. Três espécies apresentaram períodos de reprodução relativamente curtos no verão (reprodução concentrada em período de água quente): H. malabaricus, H. littorale e L. anus, e apenas uma espécie se reproduz quase continuamente durante águas mais quentes (reprodução de longa duração em período de água quente): A. fasciatus. Finalmente, duas outras espécies apresentaram um padrão reprodutivo muito distinto, iniciando a reprodução no final do verão, mas aumentando os valores do IGS ao longo do outono e inverno (reprodutores de longo período com águas em resfriamento): C. voga e O. robustus.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Reproductive Behavior , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Fishes/physiology
19.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(4)jul.-ago. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-876507

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho reprodutivo de nulíparas submetidas à inseminação artificial pós-cervical (IAPC) comparada à inseminação artificial tradicional (IAT). Foram avaliados ocorrência de sangramento, ocorrência de refluxo, dificuldade no transpasse da cérvix e total de células refluídas até 30 minutos após inseminação. Fêmeas submetidas à IAPC (n=279) foram inseminadas com doses de 1,5 x 109 diluídas em 45mL, e fêmeas submetidas à IAT (n=273) inseminadas com doses de 2,5 x 109 em 80mL. O transpasse da cérvix foi possível em 91,04% (254/279) das leitoas. A dificuldade no transpasse foi de 41,58% (116/279), não comprometendo o desempenho reprodutivo (P>0,05). Presença de sangramento não afetou a taxa de parto nem o número de leitões nascidos para ambos os tratamentos (P>0,05). O percentual de espermatozoides presentes no refluxo foi maior na IAT, não sendo observada diferença no tamanho de leitegada de acordo com o percentual de espermatozoides no refluxo (P>0,05) e no número de leitões nascidos totais (11,63 e 11,81) entre os tratamentos IAT e IAPC, respectivamente. Pode-se realizar IAPC em leitoas sem causar redução no desempenho, utilizando-se doses com 1,5 x 109 células espermáticas.(AU)


The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of gilts subjected to post-cervical artificial insemination (PCAI) compared to traditional artificial insemination (TAI). We also evaluated the degree of difficulty in bypassing the cervix, time required to perform the insemination, presence of bleeding after insemination, semen backflow, as well as the volume and the total reflow cells 30 minutes after insemination. Gilts submitted to PCAI (n = 279) were inseminated with 45 mL doses of 1.5 x 109 sperm cells and the ones submitted to TAI (n = 273) were inseminated with 80 mL doses with 2.5 x 109 cells. The bypassing of the cervix was possible in 91.04% (254/279) of gilts. The difficulty bypassing the cervix in at least one of the gilt's PCAI procedures happened with 41.58% (116/279) of the females, but it did not affect reproductive performance (P>0.05). The presence of bleeding after insemination did not affect the farrowing rate and total number of piglets born for both treatments (P>0.05). The average time needed to carry out the PCAI was 1.47 minutes and the TAI was 4.04 minutes. The percentage of sperm present in the reflux was higher in TAI than the PCAI, but no correlation was found between litter size and the percentage of sperm in reflux (P>0.05) and the total number of piglets born (11.63 and 11.81) between TAI and PCAI treatments, respectively. Thus, it is possible to perform the post-cervical artificial insemination in gilts without causing a reduction in reproductive performance, using doses with a concentration of 1.5 x 109 sperm cells.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Insemination, Artificial/veterinary , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Swine , Cervix Uteri , Reproductive Techniques/veterinary
20.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 37(4): 408-414, Apr. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895419

ABSTRACT

Hematologic analysis provides reliable information on the health status of animals. It is an important variable in the assessment of adaptive and productive capacity of breeds under unfavorable environmental conditions. It is an assessment that combined with other genetic and environmental factors and management can become useful for the future sustainability of mainstream agriculture in a hot environment. Adaptive capacity is affected by some factors such as breed, pregnancy and lactation. Therefore, hematological profile is an important indicator of animal health and production. The objective of this study was to perform the comparative hematological analysis of Santa Inês and Morada Nova breeds (native ewes from Brazil) in all different reproductive stages. Twenty Santa Ines and 20 Morada Nova sheep distributed in a completely randomized design in a split-plot arrangement over time were used. To obtain blood counts, blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture every 14 days, always in the morning, before the animals were released into the pasture. The Morada Nova breed had higher hemoglobin and total leukocyte count than Santa Inês breed. Regarding the influence of pregnancy and puerperium on the eritrogram, there was an increment in red blood cell, hemoglobin and packed cell volume of both breeds in middle pregnancy. However, had a reduction in late pregnancy. There were a reestablishment of the blood cell counts during the puerperium period. It was verified an increase on neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio indicated that ewes in the late pregnancy, postpartum and puerperium were under stress conditions compared to others reproductive stages. The total plasma proteins also increased during this period to compensate for the high nutritional requirements of the fetus, and these levels remained high until the end of the puerperal phase, when the lambs were weaned. The pregnancy and puerperium influenced all erythrocyte indices and changed the total leukocyte count.(AU)


A análise hematológica fornece informação confiável sobre a saúde dos animais. É uma variável importante na avaliação da capacidade adaptativa e produtiva das raças sob condições ambientais desfavoráveis. É uma avaliação que aliada a outros fatores genéticos, ambientais e de manejo pode se tornar cada vez mais útil para a sustentabilidade futura da agricultura convencional em um ambiente quente. A capacidade adaptativa é afetada por alguns fatores como raça, gestação e lactação. Portanto, o perfil hematológico é um indicador importante da saúde e produção animal. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a análise hematológica comparativa de ovelhas Morada Nova e Santa Inês (ovelhas nativas do Brasil) em todos os estágios reprodutivos. Foram utilizadas 20 ovelhas Santa Inês e 20 Morada Nova distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em parcelas subdivididas e medidas repetidas no tempo. Para a análise do sangue, foram coletadas amostras por venopunção jugular a cada 14 dias, sempre colhidas pela manhã, antes que os animais fossem soltos no pasto. A raça Morada Nova apresentou maior teor de hemoglobina e contagem total de leucócitos que a raça Santa Inês. Em relação à influência da gestação e do puerpério sobre o eritrograma, observou-se que houve um incremento dos valores da contagem dos eritrócitos, hematócrito e hemoglobina até o terço médio da gestação, reduzindo no final da gestação e restabelecendo novamente no período puerperal. Foi verificado um aumento na relação neutrófilo/linfócito indicando que ovelhas no final da gestação, no pós-parto e puerpério estavam sob condição de estresse comparado com os outros estágios reprodutivos. As proteínas plasmáticas totais também aumentaram durante o período gestacional para compensar os altos requisitos nutricionais do feto, e estes níveis permaneceram elevados até ao final da fase de puerpério quando os cordeiros foram desmamados. A gestação e o puerpério influenciaram todos os índices eritrocitários com alteração da contagem total de leucócitos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Hemoglobins/analysis , Pregnancy, Animal/blood , Sheep/blood , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Leukocyte Count/veterinary , Hematologic Tests/veterinary
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