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1.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 25(1): 116-118, Jan.-Mar. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-777537

ABSTRACT

Abstract Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are the largest rodents found in South America. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in 170 free-living capybaras in a residential park area in Itu Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. Serum samples were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for T. gondii (IFAT ≥ 1:16) and N. caninum (IFAT ≥ 1:50). Among the 170 samples analyzed, 10% (17/170) and 0% (0/170) were seropositive for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. This study confirms the widespread presence of T. gondii and reinforces the role of capybaras in the life cycle of this parasite. Capybaras may not be important as intermediate hosts of N. caninum in the studied environment.


Resumo As capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) são os maiores roedores encontrados na América do Sul. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Neospora caninum em 170 capivaras de vida livre, habitando em um condomínio fechado no Município de Itu, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Amostras de soro foram testadas por meio da Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) para T. gondii (RIFI ≥ 1:16) e N. caninum (RIFI ≥ 1:50). Entre as 170 amostras analisadas, 10% (17/170) e 0% (0/170) foram positivas para T. gondii eN. caninum, respectivamente. O presente estudo confirma a ampla distribuição de T. gondii e reforça o papel das capivaras no ciclo biológico desse parasita. Provavelmente, as capivaras não têm um papel importante como hospedeiros intermediários de N. caninum no ambiente estudado.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rodentia/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/immunology , Neospora/immunology , Rodentia/parasitology , Brazil , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/parasitology , Coccidiosis/immunology , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary
2.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 50(5): 353-358, 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-789887

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii that affects a wide range of vertebrates. Rodents are intermediate hosts and serve as food for felids, the definitive hosts. However, because of the high variety of species in the order Rodentia, the serological diagnosis is difficult to perform, since the most used techniques require the use of specific antibody conjugated to fluorescein or enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a heterologous secondary antibody conjugate in Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT) for diagnosis of anti-T. gondii antibodies in two species of wild rodents: Euryoryzomys russatus (WAGNER, 1848) and Calomys callosus (RENGGER, 1830). The specie Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) was used as control conjugate. The animals were experimentally infected with five cysts of T. gondii (strain ME 49) per animal. The Modified Agglutination Test (MAT), which does not require the use of conjugates, and the presence of T. gondii cysts in the rodents were used to confirm the infection. For each animal species, serum samples were collected weekly for five weeks and tested (50 samples per rodent specie, total of 150 samples). None of the samples from C. callosus and E. russatus were positive in the IFAT when anti-mouse heterologous conjugate was used. Brain cysts of T. gondii were microscopically observed in all animals, except in one of the E. russatus. Positive results were found in the MAT 14 days after T. gondii infection in all three species of rodents and IFAT of the control group (M. musculus) was also positive 14 days after infection using anti-mouse (homologous) conjugate. The use of heterologous secondary antibody conjugates should be used with caution and the MAT had a good agreement for serological diagnosis of T. gondii in the studied rodent species.


A toxoplasmose é uma zoonose causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, que afeta uma grande variedade de vertebrados. Os roedores são hospedeiros intermediários e servem de alimento para felinos, os hospedeiros definitivos. No entanto, por causa da elevada variedade de espécies na ordem Rodentia, o diagnóstico serológico é difícil de ser realizado, uma vez que as técnicas mais empregadas requerem a utilização de um anticorpo específico conjugado com fluoresceína ou enzimas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de um conjugado secundário heterólogo na Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) para diagnóstico de anticorpos anti-T. gondii em duas espécies de roedores silvestres: Euryoryzomys russatus (WAGNER, 1848) e Calomys callosus (RENGGER, 1830). A espécie Mus musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) foi utilizada como controle do conjugado. As três espécies de roedores foram experimentalmente infectadas com cinco cistos de T. gondii (cepas ME 49) por animal. O Teste de Aglutinação Modificado (MAT), que não requer o uso de conjugados, bem como, a presença de cistos de T. gondii nos roedores foram usados para confirmar a infecção. Para cada espécie de animal, amostras de soro foram coletadas durante cinco semanas e testadas (50 amostras por espécie de roedor, total de 150 amostras). Nenhuma das amostras de C. callosus e E. russatus foram positivas na RIFI, quando foi usado o conjugado heterólogo anti-camundongo. Cistos cerebrais de T. gondii foram microscopicamente observados em todos os animais, exceto em um dos E. russatus. Resultados positivos foram encontrados pelo MAT após 14 dias de inoculação em todas as três espécies estudadas e pela RIFI no grupo controle (M. musculus), também no dia 14 após a infecção utilizando conjugado anti-camundongo. O uso de conjugados secundários heterólogos deve ser empregado com cautela e o MAT apresentou uma boa concordância para o diagnóstico sorológico de T. gondii nas espécies de roedores estudadas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Heterophile/administration & dosage , Mice/immunology , Toxoplasma , Rodentia/immunology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary , Serologic Tests/veterinary , Agglutination Tests/veterinary
3.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 55(3/4): 108-10, jul. 2000. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-286952

ABSTRACT

A serological survey to search for antibodies against T. spiralis was performed in free roaming rats (n=64) and mice (n=35) caught in zoological park from Mexico City. Serum samples were analyzed by ELISA and immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (EIBT). None serum show positive absorbance values in ELISA nor recognized T. spiralis specific antigenic fractions in EIBT. However, two rat samples recognized three antigens of 31,37 y 55 kDa, while one of them reacted with two additional antigens of 64 and 67 kDa. As it is known that the antigen epitope profiles varied among trichinella species, it could be possible that in rats, there is 3 percent of antibody prevalence agains trichinella sp.; however, due that other organisms could induce the production of cross-reacting antibodies, such conclusion can not be supported at all. These results suggest that T. spiralis was not part of helminthological fauna in these rodents


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Rats , Antibodies, Helminth/isolation & purification , Rodentia/parasitology , Trichinella spiralis/immunology , Antibodies, Helminth , Mexico , Rodentia/immunology , Trichinella spiralis/isolation & purification , Trichinellosis/etiology
6.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-32453

ABSTRACT

An epidemiological study in a mature oil palm estate in Peninsular Malaysia has demonstrated a low prevalence of R. tsutsugamushi infection in small mammals. The direct fluorescent antibody technique for assaying infections in chiggers proved more sensitive than mouse inoculation. Most infections in both chiggers and rodents were caused by the Karp strain.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Wild/immunology , Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis , Disease Vectors , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Malaysia , Mites/immunology , Orientia tsutsugamushi/immunology , Rodentia/immunology , Scrub Typhus/immunology , Serotyping , Trombiculidae/immunology
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