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1.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 34(3): 1-5, 2019. ilus
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1265745

ABSTRACT

Les intoxications accidentelles domestiques de l'enfant sont des urgences médicales pédiatriques fréquentes dans les pays en développement. Le but de notre travail était d'étudier les aspects épidémiologiques, étiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques des intoxications aiguës accidentelles domestiques chez les enfants âgés de 0 à 15 ans admis aux urgences pédiatriques du CHU Gabriel Touré. Méthode: Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive à collecte prospective qui s'est déroulée du 01 janvier 2014 au 31 décembre 2014. Ont été inclus tous les patients âgés de 0 à 15 ans admis aux urgences pédiatriques pour intoxications aiguës accidentelles. Résultats: Cent cas d'intoxications accidentelles aiguës ont étés colligés. Les enfants âgés de moins de cinq ans représentaient 94%. La majorité des mères était des femmes au foyer et avait la garde des enfants (83%). Quarante-neuf pour cent des mères n'étaient pas scolarisées. Le lieu de stockage du produit était intradomiciliaire dans 96% des cas. Le produit était pris par l'enfant lui-même (88%). Un geste sur le lieu de l'accident était rapporté dans 68% des cas, l'ingestion de lait (72 %) et de l'eau (10%) avaient été les premiers gestes utilisés. L'hôpital était le lieu du premier recours (72%). La durée entre la prise du produit et l'admission à l'hôpital était de 1 à 5 heures dans 58% des cas. Les vomissements (37 cas), l'agitation (17 cas) et la détresse respiratoire (16 cas) étaient les symptômes les plus rencontrés. La soude caustique (18%) et l'eau de javel (17 %) étaient les produits d'intoxication les plus retrouvés. Les produits domestiques (48%) suivis des médicaments (33%) venaient en tête parmi les familles de toxiques. L'évolution était bonne avec une guérison sans séquelle (93%). Conclusion Les intoxications aiguës accidentelles aux produits domestiques sont courantes au Mali. Le délai d'admission à l'hôpital reste toujours long, les gestes inappropriés apportés aux patients sur le lieu de l'accident aggravent souvent le tableau mais sont largement effectués par les parents avant le recours aux soins de santé


Subject(s)
Child , Disorders of Environmental Origin/epidemiology , Disorders of Environmental Origin/etiology , Mali , Sodium Hypochlorite/poisoning
2.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 55(2): 1-7, abr.-jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-960411

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el accidente con hipoclorito de sodio es una de las complicaciones que pueden presentarse durante la terapia endodóntica convencional. Constituye el sobrepaso del irrigante a los tejidos periapicales ya sea durante la irrigación de los conductos radiculares o por medio de la inyección accidental en los tejidos blandos. Produce al paciente una sintomatología dolorosa inmediata, con una respuesta inmunológica exacerbada y necrosis hística. Objetivo: determinar las posibles causas del accidente con hipoclorito de sodio y exponer el protocolo de manejo clínico y farmacológico establecido para esta eventualidad. Caso clínico: se informa el caso de un sobrepaso accidental de hipoclorito de sodio hacia el periápice en la raíz distovestibular del diente 17 en un paciente de 67 años de edad, con hipertensión arterial controlada, diagnóstico de pulpa sana y requerimiento de realización de endodoncia preprotésica. Se exponen la toma de medidas clínicas y farmacológicas posterior al accidente con hipoclorito de sodio, así como el suministro de corticoterapia inmediata, analgesia, manejo del dolor por bloqueo anestésico del área comprometida y para disolución del hipoclorito de sodio, para completar el esquema de manejo medicación antibiótica profiláctica. Conclusiones: los factores predisponentes para la generación de un accidente con hipoclorito son: enfermedades que causen resorción periapical, selección inadecuada del tipo de jeringa y aguja con la que se realiza la irrigación y la no determinación adecuada de la longitud radicular. El manejo de estos accidentes con corticoides y analgesia reduce la agresividad de la sintomatología presentada por el paciente, así como la profilaxis antibiótica, disminuye el riesgo de daño hístico(AU)


Introduction: sodium hypochlorite accidents are one of the complications that may arise during conventional endodontic therapy. In hypochlorite accidents, the irrigant flows into the periapical tissue either during irrigation of root canals or by accidental injection into soft tissue. This situation causes immediate pain symptoms in the patient, with an exacerbated immune response and tissue necrosis. Objective: determine the possible causes of sodium hypochlorite accidents and present the clinical and pharmacological management protocol established for these events. Clinical case: a case is reported of accidental flowing of sodium hypochlorite to the apex of the distovestibular root of tooth 17 in a 67-year-old male patient with controlled hypertension and a diagnosis of healthy pulp requiring preprosthetic endodontic therapy. A description is provided of the clinical and pharmacological actions taken after the sodium hypochlorite accident, as well as the immediate application of corticotherapy, analgesia, pain management by anesthetic block of the compromised area and for dissolution of the sodium hypochlorite, to complete the management scheme with prophylactic antibiotic medication. Conclusions: the following are predisposing factors for the occurrence of a hypochlorite accident: conditions that cause periapical resorption, inadequate choice of the type of syringe and needle to perform the irrigation, and incorrect determination of the root length. Management of these accidents with corticosteroids and analgesia reduces the aggressiveness of symptoms, whereas antibiotic prophylaxis lessens the risk of tissue damage(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Periapical Diseases/therapy , Pulpectomy/adverse effects , Sodium Hypochlorite/poisoning , Pharmacologic Actions , Iatrogenic Disease/prevention & control
3.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 72(3): 80-85, jul.-sept. 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-589195

ABSTRACT

La ingestión de cáusticos en la edad pediátrica es un problema grave al producir una lesión progresiva y devastadora en el esófago y el estómago. Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de 421 pacientes en edades comprendidas de 2 meses a 14 años quienes ingirieron cáusticos entre 1.992 y 2.008, evaluados en el Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo. El 60,09% eran pre-escolares y el 62,23% eran del sexo masculino. La sustancia tipo álcali fue ingerida en el 90,73% de los casos y los cáusticos se encontraban almacenados en su envase original en 3,8% y trasegados en el 96,2% de los casos. La ingestión fue de origen accidental en el 99,53%. Todos los pacientes manifestaron alguna sintomatología como lesiones orofaríngeas, vómitos y sialorrea. La evaluación endoscópica se realizó en el 89,31% de los casos y se evidenció lesiones en el tracto gastrointestinal en 60,63%. Los pacientes con Esofagitis Grado III y estenosis esofágica fueron incluidos en el programa de dilatación, con una buena evolución en el 35,91% de ellos. La ingestión de cáusticos constituye un problema frecuente y serio, en su mayoría de origen accidental, afecta principalmente a menores de 6 años y el álcali es el principal agente involucrado. La Endoscopia Digestiva es el estudio por excelencia para evaluar estos pacientes. Las dilataciones esofágicas son moderadamente exitosas. El mejor tratamiento es la prevención.


The caustic ingestion in the pediatric population is a serious problem because produce a progressive and devastating injury to the esophagus and stomach. Retrospective and descriptive study of 421 patients with age from 2 months to 14 years who ingested caustic between 1.992 to 2.008 evaluated at the Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo. The 60.09% were pre-school and 62.23% were male. The substance type alkali was swallowed by 90.73% of cases and the caustics were stored in its original packaging by 3.8% and decanted in 96.2% of cases. Intake was accidental source in 99.53%. All patients showed some symptoms as oropharyngeal lesions, vomiting and drooling. Endoscopy evaluation was performed by 89.31% of cases and revealed gastrointestinal tract injuries in 60.63%. Patients with grade 3 Esophagitis and esophageal stricture were admitted in the dilatation program with a good success in 35.91% of them. The caustic ingestion is a common and serious problem, mostly from accidental origin, mainly affects children under 6 years and the alkali is the principal agent involved. The Esophagoscopy is the ideal mean for evaluate these patients. The esophageal dilatations are moderately successful. The best treatment is the prevention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Caustics/adverse effects , Caustics/toxicity , Endoscopy, Digestive System/methods , Esophagus/injuries , Stomach/injuries , Gastrointestinal Tract/anatomy & histology , Alkalies/adverse effects , Child Care , Chlorine/adverse effects , Sodium Hypochlorite/poisoning , Vomiting/etiology
4.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 12(5): 313-316, nov. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-341999

ABSTRACT

Objective. To assess accidental poisoning in children in the Caribbean country of Antigua and Barbuda, including the incidence, the types of substances ingested, the age of the children involved, and the clinical outcomes. The results from Antigua and Barbuda were compared with the results of other reports from the English-speaking Caribbean and from the United States of America. Design and Methods. We performed a retrospective review of the charts of all patients less than 13 years old admitted to the Children's Ward at Holberton Hospital in Antigua for accidental poisoning between March 1989 and March 1999. Those data were compared with data from earlier reports from Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and the United States of America. Results. In Antigua and Barbuda there were 255 hospital admissions for accidental poisoning among children below 13 years old over that 10-year period. Of the 255 ingestions, 115 of them (45 percent) were in 1-year-old children, 69 (27 percent) were in 2-year-old children, and 26 (10 percent) were in 3-year-old children. These proportions in Antigua and Barbuda are similar to the age patterns seen in the other countries with which we made comparisons. In Antigua and Barbuda there was an annual average of 26 hospital admissions for poisoning for the roughly 20 000 children below 13 years of age, for a rate of 1.3 per 1 000. In comparing the patterns of childhood poisoning in all the countries we studied, we found that, as economic levels rose, there was a shift in the substances ingested, with hydrocarbon and plant ingestions decreasing and chemical and medication ingestions increasing. Conclusions. There is an increasing variety and complexity of poisonous substances ingested as economic conditions improve. This trend would make the establishment of a poison control center for the English-speaking Caribbean a logical step


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Poisoning/epidemiology , Antigua and Barbuda/epidemiology , Caribbean Region/epidemiology , Hydrocarbons/poisoning , Kerosene/poisoning , Pharmaceutical Preparations/adverse effects , Plant Poisoning/epidemiology , Poisons/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Sodium Hypochlorite/poisoning
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